Sentence structure -word order

+ Subject (auxiliary*) verb object place time

-Subject auxiliary+not verb object place time
? (Question word) auxiliary Subject verb object place time
* in the + sentence there is always an auxiliary verb except Past Simple,Present Simple
* Except the verb BE in the Past Simple and Present Simple

FORM
TENSES Past Present Future (will)
Simple + I worked + I work/he works +will work
-I didn’t work -I don’t/(he doesn’t) work -won’t work
? Did you work ? do/(does) you/(he) work ?will I work
Continuous Be verb+ing
I was working I am working I will be working
Perfect Simple Have Verb 3rd form
I had worked I have/he has worked I will have worked
Perfect Continuous Have been verb+ing
I had been working I have been working I will have been working
Be going to do sg
Auxiliary verbs
BE, Have, do,
Modals: Can, could, may, might, should/ought to, would, will, shall

- cannot be without a verb;

- helps me to decide the time past: was/were, did, had;
BE, DO, HAVE, WILL present: am/are/is; do/(does); have/(has)
future: will
- modify the meaning of the verbs Modals (must,will,would, should,can,could, may,might)

BE DO HAVE can be auxiliary verbs and verbs in the sentence

DEFINING VERB FORMS

To work=infinitive
Work=bare infinitive
Worked = Past form of the verb = 2nd form (regular or irregular)
Worked = Past Participle form of the verb = 3rd form (regular or irregular)

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Present Simple
Auxiliary word: DO / does (only in – sentences and ? questions) + VERB
Verbs : work, have, do, be
Present simple + Present Simple - Present Simple ?
Subject Verb Subject Aux+not Verb Aux Subject Verb
I work I don’t work Do I work
You work You don’t work Do You work
He works He doesn’t work Does He work
She works She doesn’t work Does She work
It works It doesn’t work Does It work
We work We don’t work Do We work
You work You don’t work Do You work
They work They don’t work Do They work
Do not = don’t does not = doesn’t
Present simple + Present Simple - Present Simple ?
Subject Verb Subject Aux+not Verb Aux Subject Verb
I have I don’t have Do I have
You have You don’t have Do You have
He has He doesn’t have Does He have
She has She doesn’t have Does She have
It has It doesn’t have Does It have
We have We don’t have Do We have
You have You don’t have Do You have
They have They don’t have Do They have

Present simple + Present Simple - Present Simple ?

Subject Verb Subject Aux+not Verb Aux Subject Verb
I do I don’t do Do I do
You do You don’t do Do You do
He does He doesn’t do Does He do
She does She doesn’t do Does She do
It does It doesn’t do Does It do
We do We don’t do Do We do
You do You don’t do Do You do
They do They don’t do Do They do

EXCEPT BE
Present Simple + Present Simple - Present Simple ?
Subject Verb BE Subject Verb BE+not Verb BE Subject
I Am I ’m not Am I
You Are You aren’t are You
He Is He isn’t is He
She Is She isn’t Is She
It Is It isn’t Is It
We Are We aren’t Are We
You Are You aren’t Are You
They are They aren’t are They
I am not = I’m not; you are not = you aren’t; he is not = he isn’t

Color code
Subject
Auxiliary
verb

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Present Continuous
Auxiliary word: BE + VERB +ING
Verbs : work, have, do, be
Present Continuous + Present Continuous - Present Continuous ?
Subject Aux Verb Subject Aux+not Verb Aux Subject Verb
I am I ‘m not Am I

You are You aren’t Are You

He working He working He working
She is She isn’t Is She
It It It
We We We
You are You aren’t Are You
They They They
I am = I’m; You are=you’re, he is=he’s;
I am not=I’m not; you are not=you aren’t=you’re not; he is not=he isn’t=he’s not
Present Continuous + Present Continuous - Present Continuous ?
Subject Aux Verb Subject Aux+not Verb Aux Subject Verb
I am I ‘m not Am I

You are You aren’t Are You

He having He having He having
She is She isn’t Is She
It It It
We We We
You are You aren’t Are You
They They They

Present Continuous + Present Continuous - Present Continuous ?

Subject Aux Verb Subject Aux+not Verb Aux Subject Verb
I am I ‘m not Am I

You are You aren’t Are You

He doing He doing He doing
She is She isn’t Is She
It It It
We We We
You are You aren’t Are You
They They They

BE is a STATE VERB!

STATE VERBS CANNOT BE USED IN CONTINUOUS TENSES.

CLICK HERE TO KNOW MORE ABOUT STATE VERBS

HAVE CAN BE A STATE VERB IN SOME CASES

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