ART APP REPORT SCRIPT

Good day Im Kristine B. Albarillo and I WILL be reporting about Similarity and Proximity
Similarity – Things which share visual characteristics such as shape, size, color, texture, or
value will be seen as together in the viewer’s mind.
One example is the art tiled Current by an artist called Riley where the curve lines are seen as
forming as a whole.
So according sa Gestalt principle of similarity, yung mga elements na nakikita natin sa art or sa
isang image na similar, mas napiperceive natin na related sila sa isat-isa kaysa sa mga
dissimilar elements. Yung human eyes kasi natin mas napipiercieve yung mga similar elements
sa picture, image, or design as a complete group even though yung mga elements na to ay
incomplete. This is because yung brain natin tries to create a link between similar elements and
yung mga mata natin naturally fill in any missing gaps.
So helpful yung similarity sa pag organize ng objects by their relatedness to other objects within
a group. And similarity can be affected by the attributes of color, size, shape, and orientation. So
sa principle of similarity hindi need ditto na identical talaga yung elements as long as they share
at least one visible characteristics or trait such as yung color size, shape, and orientation.
So una yung using color to assign relationships. For example, sa isang image may various
shapes na nakadrawing but yung iba may shade na color red. Eventhough, magkakaiba yun
shapes ng mga may color red mabilis sila magroup together kasi may similarity sila which is
yung color red. Standout din yung mga object na may similar color kasi nakikita yung
relatedness nila ng mas madali.
Similarity can be affected by sizes rin. For example in an image na full of square shapes may
mag iistandout na group of squares and yun yung mga squares na larger sizes compare to the
rest na small sizes. Mas magugroup agad natin sa isip natin na magkakasama yung larger sizes
kahit parehas naman sila na square shapes. Examples rin yung sa font sizes sa documents,
yung sizes nila mas napapakita natin ano yung pieces of text na related. Kunyari larger sizes
compared sa rest yung first group of texts so malalaman natin na magkakasama yung texts or
letters as a title. And the rest na small sizes yung body ng document.
Sa shapes naman, useful rin sya sa pag group ng similarity but weakest compared to the
attributes of color and size.
In using orientation to assign relationships and similarity, orientations can be useful too. Ito yung
positioning ng isang bagay, halimbawa kung nakatilt ba sya. For example, sa group of squares,
some of them are naka tilt so mapipeircieve natin na similar yung mga nakatilt at related sila
with each other. And makoconclude natin na yung mga nakatilt ay sa isang grupo and sa
kabilang group naman yung normal squares.
So yung example na Current by Riley as show in the slide. Magkakaparehas yung curve lines
kahit may white space and gaps between them nakikita parin sila as a whole and as a group
because similar yung lines which are curve lines so nagcreate ng similarity and groupness.
Next slide pls.
Proximity- Objects or shapes that are close to one another appear to form one group.
One example is the artwork Still Life with Apples by an artist called Cezanne where it depicts a
group of apples and group of green fruits.
Yung gestalt principle of proximity naman states that elements that are closer together are
perceived to be more related than elements that are farther apart. So, sa accordiing sa principle
ng proximity, mas naoorganize natin yung relatedness ng objects sa other objects base sa
procimity nila or kung gaano sila kalapit. Pag magkakalayo yung objects sa isang image
mapipercieve natin sila as separate objects compared sa kung magkakalapit sila, then
mapipercieve na natin sila as a group.
So both principles of similarity and proximity when applied sa designs or art ay may malaking
effect sa relationship between the elements na nakalagay doon. Nakakacreate ito ng
relationship sa elements at the same pati ng differences.
Im Kristine B. Albarillo and I will be reporting again about Projection together with Irvin Cleto

Next lecture is Lecture 10.2 The Perception of Space: Perspective

Projection:
The process of transporting the visual image of an object into the picture plane.
So ito yung nakikita natin sa mga modern projectors ngayon yung images pati na rin videos kasi
modern na. yung mga nakikita sa mga devices natin matatransfer sa blank na plane like yung
mga pader or kagaya dun sa mga blank white boards sa classroom.
Next slide pls.
Camera Obscura. Camera obscura (meaning “dark room” in Latin) is a box-shaped device used
as an aid for drawing or entertainment. Also referred to as a pinhole image, it lets light in
through a small opening on one side and projects a reversed and inverted image on the other.
So ito yung mga parang projector na ginagamit natin today sa modern world para mas makita
natin sa mas malaking perspective yung images or videos pero dati
Ito yung tool para makachieve ng perfect perspective kapag nagdodrawing and it is invented by
Leonardo DaVinci. So itong invention nato nag aallow sa mga artist to simply trace lines and
shapes from a protected image onto their canvas. So, ititrace nalang nila visual image na
natransport sa canvas nila kung saan sila magdodrawing or magpipainting. So ganto sya
nagwowork. Nagsimula itong idea na to nung napansin ni Aristotle na yung mga sunlight na
nagpapassed throough between sa mga gaps ng dahon nagpoproject ng image or
nakakatransfer ng image ng eclipsed sun sa ground. Nasundan pa to ng mga susunod n studies
tapos yung accumulated ideas sa mga studies nagamit ni Leonardo Da Vinci sa camera
obscura. So kapag any object ay nailluminate ng sunlight isisend nito yung mga images through
the aperture at magaappear sya na facing down, on the wall. Mahuhuli yung mga images na na
illuminate ng sun sa isang piraso ng puting papel, at makikita yung mga mga nailluminate na
bagay sa papel na to sa kanilang natural na shapes and colors, and lilitaw sila na mas maliit at
baligtad. Kung ang mga larawang ito ay nagmula sa isang lugar na naiilaw ng araw, lilitaw yung
mga to na may kulay sa papel nang eksakto kung ano talaga kulay nito in real life. Ang papel na
gamit nila ay dapat na sobrang nipis at dapat tingnan mula sa likod.
Next slide pls.
Flat perspective creates a picture on a flat surface in such a manner that the various objects
represented in it appear to have the same sizes, shapes and positions, relatively to one other,
that the actual objects as located in actual space would have if viewed from a single immobile
point of view in a single direction. So yung linear perspective nag aappear lang sya na parang
yung mga objects doon may isang same size or positions lang as oppose sa real life.
Next slide pls.
flat projection. A method of drawing what is directly visible from a point perpendicular to the line
of vision, with no adjustments for perspective. So ito yung makikita mosa isang art na hindi 3d
yung technique flat lang sya kung ano nakikita mo sa unahan ayun lang yung nakatransfer sa
canvas.
Next slide pls
So ito yung example ng flat projection. Flat lang yung mga object or mga nakadrawing wala
syang sides o kung ano man.
Next slide.
Black and White by Pollock is just another example of Flat Projection.
This is another example of Flat projection. An egyptian drawing or painting. Makikita naman
natin na the person that was drawn in the the canvas looks so flat. Walang volume or sides. Flat
lang kung anong nasa front yung nakadraw.
Next slide pls
Next is another example of Egyptian art kasi perfect example itong mga to. Makikita na yung
mga tao parang same size lang lahat.
Next
Ito a scroll painting on the Egyptian book of the dead, flat projetion nila kasi yung perspective
yung flat rin. Yung mga tao sa painting parang walang room na ginagalawan parang isang line
lang ginagalawan nila lahat. So yung mga sizes talaga nila hindi nadidepict yung real world but
binibase nila yung sizes base sa hierarchy . Yung mga egyptians kasi gumagamit nung rule of
frontality meaning they put certain emphasis on the front view of figures or objects in a work of
art. So yung front lang talga. People are drawn face straight ahead with just one eye visible and
both shoulders front facing and this can make them look rigid, stiff, and flat.