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1 Electrical energy is provided to homes and industry from a coal-fired power station.

The main stages in the operation of a coal-fired power station are listed below.

They are not in the correct order.

A The boiler produces steam.

B The turbine turns a generator.
C Thermal energy transfers to water in a boiler.
D Chemical energy in coal transfers to thermal energy.
E The generator produces electrical energy.
F Steam turns a turbine.
G Coal burns in a furnace.

Complete the flow chart to describe how a coal-fired power station works.

Insert the missing letters in the empty boxes.

[3]

[Total: 3]
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2 A U-shaped tube of constant cross-sectional area contains water of density 1000 kg / m . Both
sides of the U-tube are open to the atmosphere.
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Diagram A shows that the water levels in the two sides of the tube are equal.

Diagram A Diagram B

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The atmospheric pressure is 1.00 × 10 Pa.

The left-hand side of the tube is now connected to a gas supply using a length of rubber tubing.
This causes the level of the water in the left-hand side of the tube to drop by 0.200 m, as shown in
diagram B.

(a) Calculate the pressure of the gas supply. Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

pressure = .............................................. [3]

(b) Diagram C shows that the gas supply is now connected to a cylinder that contains a piston.

Diagram C
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The pressure of the gas moves the piston to the right.

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(i) The area of the piston in contact with the gas is 0.025 m .

Calculate the resultant force on the piston.

resultant force = .............................................. [2]

(ii) The pressure of the gas causes the piston to move a distance of 0.50 m to the right.

Calculate the work done by the gas from the supply on the piston.

work done = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 7]

3 The diagram shows a model of a wind turbine used to demonstrate the use of wind energy to
generate electricity. The wind is blowing towards the model, as shown.
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The mass of air passing through the circular area swept out by the turbine blades each second is
7.5 kg. The kinetic energy of the air that passes through this circular area each second is 240 J.

(a) The kinetic energy of the air drives a generator. State the input power of the air passing through
the turbine blades.

input power = .............................................. [1]

(b) The output current of the generator is 2.0 A. The output potential difference (p.d.) of the generator
is 11 V.

(i) Calculate the output power of the generator.

output power = .............................................. [2]

(ii) Calculate the efficiency of the wind turbine.

efficiency = .............................................. % [2]

[Total: 5]
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4 The diagram represents part of a roller coaster track.

The car is lifted to point A and then released. It continues along the track.

Complete the sentences about the energy of the car using letters from the diagram.

The car has maximum gravitational potential energy at point ................... .

The car has maximum kinetic energy at point ........................................... . [2]

[Total: 2]

5 Electrical energy from a power station is used to power two different lamps. The graph shows how
the light outputs from two types of lamp vary with the power input.
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(a) An experiment requires a lamp with a light output of 70 J / s.

For the LED lamp and for the filament lamp determine the input power required to give a light
output of 70 J / s. Use information from the graph.

1. For the LED lamp, input power = .................... W

2. For the filament lamp, input power = .................... W [2]

(b) Explain why using LED lamps is better for the environment. Use information from the graph
in your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]
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[Total: 4]

6 The diagram shows a simple pendulum swinging backwards and forwards between P and Q. One
complete oscillation of the pendulum is when the bob swings from P to Q and then back to P.

As the pendulum bob moves from R to Q it gains 0.4 J of gravitational potential energy.

Air resistance can be ignored.

State the value of kinetic energy of the pendulum bob at

1. R ................................................. J

2. Q ................................................. J
[2]

[Total: 2]
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7 The diagram shows a truck lifting a heavy load.

Identify the quantities that determine the power of the truck.

Tick the box next to each correct quantity.

energy transferred

temperature

time
[1]

[Total: 1]

8 Draw a ring around the unit for work done from the list.

joule newton pascal watt

[1]

[Total: 1]

9 A tidal barrage (dam) produces electricity using tides. The diagram shows a tidal barrage (simplified).
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(a) The water behind the barrage (dam) is a store of energy. State the name of this stored energy.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Explain how the tidal barrage (dam) produces electricity.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]

10 The diagram shows a fork-lift truck lifting a box.

The lifting mechanism raises a box of mass 32 kg through a vertical distance of 2.5 m in 5.4 s.

(a) Calculate the gravitational potential energy gained by the box.

gravitational potential energy = ..................................... [2]

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(b) The efficiency of the lifting mechanism is 0.65 (65%).

Calculate the input power to the lifting mechanism.

input power = ..................................... [3]

[Total: 5]

11 Energy sources used to generate electricity are shown in the box.

gas oil tides waves wind

Which energy sources are non-renewable?

Draw a ring around each energy source that is non-renewable.

[1]

[Total: 1]