Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 2

2. OBJECTIVES ....................................................................................................................... 2

3. SCOPE ................................................................................................................................. 2

3.1 Field investigation Program ............................................................................................. 2

3.2 Laboratory investigations ................................................................................................ 2

4. FIELD INVESTIGATION ........................................................................................................ 2

5. NATURE OF SOIL STRATA................................................................................................ 3

6. LABORATORY INVESTIGATION....................................................................................... 3

6.1. Water Content Test (Natural Moisture Content) ........................................................... 3

6.2. Particle Size Analysis ....................................................................................................... 3

6.3. Atterberg Limits .............................................................................................................. 5

6.4. Direct Shear Test ............................................................................................................. 6

7. EVALUATION OF GEOTECHNICAL INFORMATION ....................................................... 6

7.1 Laboratory and Field Investigation Results...................................................................... 6

7.2 Allowable Bearing Pressure ............................................................................................. 7

8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................... 9

ANNEX 1: BOREHOLE LOG

ANNEX 2: LABORATORY TEST SHEET AND CALCULATIONS
ANNEX 3: SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
Geotechnical Report of Proposed Building of Inland Revenue Department at Dharan, Sunsari.

1. INTRODUCTION
The report presents the detail geotechnical soil investigation works in order to prepare
the design of the proposed Building of Inland Revenue Department at Dharan, Sunsari.

The geotechnical investigation works comprise the exploratory drilling, in-situ field-
testing SPT test, borehole logging, and collection of samples to perform necessary tests
on soil samples for detail information on subsurface conditions of the soil strata. The
work finally develops safe bearing capacity of the foundation for the proposed site.

2. OBJECTIVES
This investigation works aim to carry out subsurface investigation and acquire soil
parameters required for the design of Building with International standard and
norms.

3. SCOPE
The scope of work comprises the following activities:
3.1 Field investigation Program
 Rotary Boring
 Standard Penetration Test
3.2 Laboratory investigations
 Moisture content
 Sieve analysis (coarse/fine grained soil)
 Direct shear test

All field and laboratory tests data sheets together with conclusion and recommendation
are included in this report.

4. FIELD INVESTIGATION
The field investigation was mainly consisted of three bore holes at proposed site. The
boreholes BH-1/2/3 is located on the proposed site and drilled up to depth of 15m. The
investigation work was started on 20/10/2078 and completed on 25/10/2078. The

2
Geotechnical Report of Proposed Building of Inland Revenue Department at Dharan, Sunsari.

drilling work was performed with Rotary method. Casings of 6-inch diameter were
used for purpose of protecting hole from collapsing by side fall or caving.

Standard Penetration Tests: It consists of driving a Split Spoon sampler with an

outside dia. of 50 mm into the soil at the base of borehole. Driving is accomplished by a
drop of hammer weighing 63.5 kg falling freely through a height of 750 mm onto the
drive head. First of all the spoon is driven 150mm into the soil at the bottom of the
borehole. It is then driven further 300mm and the number of blows (N values) required
to drive this distance is recorded.

5. NATURE OF SOIL STRATA

All together three boreholes were drilled. All BH-1/02/03 consisted of strata of silty sand
and gravel mixed up to depth of 15m.

6. LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
The selective samples from the borehole were taken from various depths and
laboratory tests on samples were performed. The test comprised of natural moisture
content, sieve analysis, and direct shear test.

6.1. Water Content Test (Natural Moisture Content)

Natural moisture content test had been determined in accordance with ASTM D2216
(Oven –drying method) of soil samples.

6.2. Particle Size Analysis

Soil gradation is a classification of a coarse-grained soil that ranks the soil based on the
different particle sizes contained in the soil. Soil gradation is an important aspect of soil
mechanics and geotechnical engineering because it is an indicator of other engineering
properties such as compressibility, shear strength, and hydraulic conductivity. In a
design, the gradation of the in situ or on site soil often controls the design and ground
water drainage of the site. A poorly graded soil will have better drainage than a well

3
Geotechnical Report of Proposed Building of Inland Revenue Department at Dharan, Sunsari.

graded soil. Soil is graded as either well graded or poorly graded. Poorly graded soils
are further divided into uniformly-graded or gap-graded soils. Soil gradation is
determined by analyzing the results of a sieve analysis or a hydrometer analysis.

The process for grading a soil is in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification
System. Gradation of a soil is determined by reading the grain size distribution curve
produced from the results of laboratory tests on the soil.

a. Calculating the Coefficients of Uniformity and Curvature

Calculating the coefficients of uniformity and curvature requires grain diameters. The
grain diameter can be found for each percent of the soil passing a particular sieve. This
means that if 40% of the sample is retained on the No. 20 sieve then there is 60%
passing the No. 20 sieve.
The coefficient of uniformity, Cu is a crude shape parameter and is calculated using the
following equation:

where, D60 is the grain diameter at 60% passing, and

D10 is the grain diameter at 10% passing.
The coefficient of curvature, Cc is a shape parameter and is calculated using the
following equation:

where, D60 is the grain diameter at 60% passing, D30 is the grain diameter at 30%
passing, and D10 is the grain diameter at 10% passing.

Particle Size Distribution D50 is also known as the median diameter or the medium value
of the particle size distribution, it is the value of the particle diameter at 50% in the
cumulative distribution curve.
b. Criteria for Grading Soils
The following criteria are in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System:
For a gravel to be classified as well graded, the following criteria must be met: Cu > 4 &
1 < Cc < 3. If both of these criteria are met, the gravel is classified as well graded or GW.

4
Geotechnical Report of Proposed Building of Inland Revenue Department at Dharan, Sunsari.

If both of these criteria are not met, the gravel is classified as poorly graded or GP. For a
sand to be classified as well graded, the following criteria must be met: Cu > 6 & 1 < Cc <
3. If both of these criteria are met, the sand is classified as well graded or SW. If both of
these criteria are not met, the sand is classified as poorly graded or SP.
6.3. Atterberg Limits
The Atterberg limits are the basic measures of the nature of a fine-grained soil.
Depending on the water content of the soil, it may appear in four states: solid, semi-
solid, plastic and liquid. In each state the consistency and behavior of a soil is different
and thus so are its engineering properties.

The liquid limit (LL) is the water content at which a soil changes from plastic to liquid
behavior. Casagrande standardized the apparatus and the procedures to make the
measurement more repeatable. Soil is placed into the metal cup, portion of the device
and a groove is made down its center with a standardized tool of 13.5 millimeters
width. The cup is repeatedly dropped 10mm onto a hard rubber base at a rate of 120
blows per minute, during which the groove closes up gradually as a result of the impact.
The number of blows for the groove to close is recorded. The moisture content at which
it takes 25 drops of the cup to cause the groove to close over a distance of 13.5
millimeters is defined as the liquid limit. The test is normally run at several moisture
contents, and the moisture content which requires 25 blows to close the groove is
interpolated from the test results.

The plastic limit (PL) is the water content where soil transitions between brittle and
plastic behavior. The sample is rolled up to the diameter of 3 mm when it starts to
crumbles; the percentage of water content is recorded. The plastic limit test is defined
by ASTM standard test method D 4318.
 Classification of Soil
The soil samples are classified according to Unified Soil Classification System (USCS)
based on the laboratory tests i.e. gradation test and Atterberg limit test.

5
Geotechnical Report of Proposed Building of Inland Revenue Department at Dharan, Sunsari.

6.4. Direct Shear Test

This test is performed to determine the consolidated-drained shear strength of a sandy
to silty soil. The shear strength is one of the most important engineering properties of a
soil, because it is required whenever a structure is dependent on the soil’s shearing
resistance.

Direct shear tests can be performed under several conditions. The sample is normally
saturated before the test is run, but can be run at the in-situ moisture content. The rate
of strain can be varied to create a test of undrained or drained conditions, depending
whether the strain is applied slowly enough for water in the sample to prevent pore-
water pressure build up. In the laboratory, a direct shear device will be used to
determine the shear strength of cohesion less soil (i.e. angle of internal friction (Φ)).
From the plot of the shear stress versus the horizontal displacement, the maximum
shear stress is obtained for a specific vertical confining stress. After the experiment is
run several times for various vertical-confining stresses, a plot of the maxi mum shear
stresses versus the vertical (normal) confining stresses for each of the tests is produced.
From the plot, a straight-line approximation of the Mohr-Coulomb failure envelope
curve can be drawn, Φ may be determined, and, for cohesion less soils, the shear
strength can be computed from the following equation:
τ=σtanΦ

7. EVALUATION OF GEOTECHNICAL INFORMATION

7.1 Laboratory and Field Investigation Results
The results of physical and index properties of soil samples collected from various
depths are presented in the following test result sheet. The details of strength
properties of soil at different depth of drilled holes are also given in test result sheet.

The position of groundwater table for three bore holes is shown in the borehole logs
given in Annex-I.

6
Geotechnical Report of Proposed Building of Inland Revenue Department at Dharan, Sunsari.

7.2 Allowable Bearing Pressure

When we design foundation, we must see that the structure is safe on following two
criteria;
 The supporting soil should be safe from shear failure due to the loads imposed
on it by the super structures,
 The settlement of the foundation must be within permissible limits
Hence, the allowable bearing pressure (qa) is the maximum pressure that can be
imposed on the foundation soil taking into consideration the ultimate bearing capacity
of the soil and the tolerable settlement of the structure. Thus obtained N values were
corrected for overburden as suggested by Peck et al. (1974) prior to bearing capacity
computation:
N corr  0.77 N rec log(2000 /  v ' ) (7.1)

Where,  v '  Effective Overburden pressure (KN/m2)

N rec  Recorded SPT value, N corr  Corrected SPT value

Dilatancy correction is to be applied when obtained after overburden correction,

exceeds 15 in saturated fine sands and silts. The standard incorporates the Terzaghi and
Peck recommended dilatancy correction (when > 15) using the equation
N= Nr (when Nr≤ 15) and N= 15+ (Nr-15)/2 (7.2)
Where, Nr= SPT Blows count from field

Considering the worst condition of water table at ground, suitable correction factor of
Rw1 and Rw2 (0.5) is used for getting the ultimate bearing capacity, assuming that the
whole depth is saturated. The following empirical equations are used for the open
foundation on granular soils (Teng 1988).
qult  2N 2 BRw1  6(100  N 2 ) DRw2 (7.3)

where, qult is net ultimate bearing pressure, psf; N, corrected standard penetration
resistance value; B, width of footing, ft; D, depth of footing, ft, and Rw1 and Rw2,
correction factor for position of water table. The allowable bearing pressure can be
obtained by applying factor of safety 3.
Geotechnical Report of Proposed Building of Inland Revenue Department at Dharan, Sunsari.

Similarly, the allowable bearing pressure for Spread foundation based on tolerable
settlement of 25 mm is given by the following empirical (Terzaghi and Peck, 1978)
relationship:
  B  1  D 
2

q a   720( N  3)  1
  B  Rw'  (7.4)
  2 B    
 
where :qa = net allowable bearing pressure, psf,
N = SPT value corrected with respect to overburden
B = width of footing, ft
D = depth of footing, ft
Rw’ = water table correction factor for worst condition (0.5)

Table 7.1. Summary of bearing capacity calculation

Dimension/Depth 1.5m 2.0m 3.0m 4.5m

1.5mx1.5m 123.0 KN/m2 138.0 KN/m2 188.0 KN/m2 187.0 KN/m2

2.0mx2.0m 129.0 KN/m2 183.0 KN/m2 240.0 KN/m2 172.0 KN/m2

2.5mx2.5m 136.0 KN/m2 176.0 KN/m2 208.0 KN/m2 163.0 KN/m2

3.0mx3.0m 126.0 KN/m2 144.0 KN/m2 188.0 KN/m2 157.0 KN/m2

Geotechnical Report of Proposed Building of Inland Revenue Department at Dharan, Sunsari.

8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1. The detail field and laboratory investigations of three boreholes drilled at site have
revealed mostly sandy gravel. GP, SP are soil types as per the Unified Soil Classification
System. According to NBC105 2020 the soil type is “B”

2. The Plasticity Index of the soil does not exist.

3. The d50 value is ranged 3.5-5.0mm on all boreholes. Unit weight is 20KN/m2 and No
condition of Liquefaction in the study area

4.The cohesion and angle of friction of the soil at BH-1, BH-2 and BH3are in range from
30 degree with cohesion 0.0-3.8 kN/m2.

5. Due sandy gravelly nature of the site below 1.5m. The Spread foundation is
Recommended. In respect to which, all the required foundation bearing capacity are
calculated. Summary of bearing capacity calculation
Dimension/Depth 1.5m 2.0m 3.0m 4.5m
1.5mx1.5m 123.0 KN/m2 138.0 KN/m2 188.0 KN/m2 187.0 KN/m2

2.0mx2.0m 129.0 KN/m2 183.0 KN/m2 240.0 KN/m2 172.0 KN/m2

2.5mx2.5m 136.0 KN/m2 176.0 KN/m2 208.0 KN/m2 163.0 KN/m2

3.0mx3.0m 126.0 KN/m2 144.0 KN/m2 188.0 KN/m2 157.0 KN/m2

6. The foundation depth shall be adjusted based on load from superstructures, and site
condition.

7. The present study area lies in Sunsari district where Peak Ground Horizontal
Acceleration is around 100-200gal
ANNEX-1 BORE HOLE LOG
 Bore Hole Log
Project: Soil investigation of Building for IRD Sheet no: 1 of 3
Client: Inland Revenue Department Start Date: 20/10/2078
Location: Dharan, Sunsari Finish Date: 25/10/2078
Bore Hole:BH1 Easting:
Drilling Type:Rotary Northing:
GW level: N/A Elevation:
Depth No of Blows
Depth Sample Barrel and Soil N Remar
Scale 1 cell
Casing
Soil Classification Type 15c 15c 15c value
m Run symbol k
= 0.5m m m m
0.5
1
SPT 3 4 4 8
2

3 SPT 4 8 5 13

4
SPT 10 15 16 31
5

6 SPT 12 16 19 35

7 15 R1 Sand and gravel

SPT 14 18 20 38
8

9 SPT 15 20 15 35

10
SPT 16 25 16 41
11

12 SPT 18 20 19 39

13
SPT 20 20 20 40
14

15 SPT 21 22 22 44

Borehole ended at the depth of 15m

16

17

18

19

20
Logged by : Krishna Gurung Driller:Bharat Koirala
 Bore Hole Log
Project: Soil investigation of Building for IRD Sheet no: 2 of 3
Client: Inland Revenue Department Start Date: 20/10/2078
Location: Dharan, Sunsari Finish Date: 25/10/2078
Bore Hole:BH2 Easting:
Drilling Type:Rotary Northing:
GW level: N/A Elevation:
Depth No of Blows
Depth Sample Barrel and Soil N Remar
Scale 1 cell
Casing
Soil Classification Type 15c 15c 15c value
m Run symbol k
= 0.5m m m m
0.5
1
SPT 4 8 3 11
2

3 SPT 5 9 10 19

4
SPT 7 15 15 30
5

6 SPT 8 16 19 35

7 15 R1 Sand and gravel

SPT 9 20 17 37
8

9 SPT 10 12 22 34

10
SPT 12 20 18 38
11

12 SPT 14 20 22 42

13
SPT 15 16 22 38
14

15 SPT 16 22 22 44

Borehole ended at the depth of 15m

16

17

18

19

20
Logged by : Krishna Gurung Driller:Bharat Koirala
 Bore Hole Log
Project: Soil investigation of Building for IRD Sheet no: 3 of 3
Client: Inland Revenue Department Start Date: 20/10/2078
Location: Dharan, Sunsari Finish Date: 25/10/2078
Bore Hole:BH3 Easting:
Drilling Type:Rotary Northing:
GW level: N/A Elevation:
Depth No of Blows
Depth Sample Barrel and Soil N Remar
Scale 1 cell
Casing
Soil Classification Type 15c 15c 15c value
m Run symbol k
= 0.5m m m m
0.5
1
SPT 8 7 9 16
2

3 SPT 9 10 12 22

4
SPT 10 15 15 30
5

6 SPT 9 18 18 36

7 15 R1 Sand and gravel

SPT 10 18 21 39
8

9 SPT 12 21 24 45

10
SPT 14 16 22 38
11

12 SPT 15 21 23 44

13
SPT 16 24 24 48
14

15 SPT 18 25 25 50

Borehole ended at the depth of 15m

16

17

18

19

20
Logged by : Krishna Gurung Driller:Bharat Koirala
ANNEX -2 LABORATORY TEST SHEET AND
CALCULATIONS
 MOISTURE CONTENT

Project Detail Soil Investigation of IRD Building

Location Dharan, Sunsari

Test No. NMC

LOCATION:---> BH-01
SAMPLE DEPTH, m : ---> 1.5 4.5 7.5
Container No. No A-18 B-19 B-20 B-21 B-22 B-23
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Wet Soil gm 91.6 92.0 94.2 90.0 93.9 93.0
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Dry Soil gm 81.0 82.0 83.0 82.0 88.0 87.0
Wt. of Water, Ww gm 10.6 10.0 11.2 8.0 5.9 6.0
Wt. of Empty Container gm 6.6 6.6 6.4 6.6 6.6 6.6
Wt. of Dry Soil, Wd gm 74.4 75.4 76.6 75.4 81.4 80.4
Moisture Content % 14.2 13.3 14.6 10.6 7.2 7.5
Average Moisture Content % 13.8 12.6 7.4

LOCATION:---> BH-02
SAMPLE DEPTH, m : ---> 1.5 4.5 7.5
Container No. No P-12 P-22 P-23 P-24 P-25 P-26
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Wet Soil gm 95.0 99.0 87.0 85.0 96.0 95.0
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Dry Soil gm 85.0 87.0 78.0 77.0 84.0 85.0
Wt. of Water, Ww gm 10.0 12.0 9.0 8.0 12.0 10.0
Wt. of Empty Container gm 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.5
Wt. of Dry Soil, Wd gm 78.6 80.6 71.6 70.6 77.5 78.5
Moisture Content % 12.7 14.9 12.6 11.3 15.5 12.7
Average Moisture Content % 13.8 12.0 14.1
 MOISTURE CONTENT

Project Detail Soil Investigation of Sunsari Building

Location Dharan, Sunsari

Test No. NMC

LOCATION:---> BH-03
SAMPLE DEPTH, m : ---> 1.5 4.5 7.5
Container No. No A-18 B-19 B-20 B-21 B-22 B-23
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Wet Soil gm 91.6 92.0 94.2 90.0 93.9 93.0
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Dry Soil gm 81.2 82.0 83.7 80.0 82.6 84.0
Wt. of Water, Ww gm 10.4 10.0 10.5 10.0 11.3 9.0
Wt. of Empty Container gm 6.6 6.6 6.4 6.6 6.6 6.6
Wt. of Dry Soil, Wd gm 74.6 75.4 77.3 73.4 76.0 77.4
Moisture Content % 13.9 13.3 13.6 13.6 14.9 11.6
Average Moisture Content % 13.6 13.6 13.2
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)
Sheet No: 1 of 2

Project: Soil Investigation of IRD Building Sample ID: BH01-1.5-4.5

Location: Dharan Sunsari
Easting: Northing:
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-4.5 m
Original Sample Wt. gm: Oven Dry Wt.: 700.0 gm

Wt. Retained, Cum. Retained, Cum Wt.

Diam. (mm) Sieve No. Passing, % Remarks
gm gm Ret., %
19 3/4 127.0 127.0 18.1 81.9
12.5 1/2 99.0 226.0 32.3 67.7
9.5 3/8 78.0 304.0 43.4 56.6
4.75 #4 87.0 391.0 55.9 44.1
2.36 #8 62.0 453.0 64.7 35.3
1.18 # 16 54.0 507.0 72.4 27.6
0.3 # 50 112.0 619.0 88.4 11.6
0.15 #100 30.0 649.0 92.7 7.3
0.075 #200 7.2 656.2 93.7 6.3

Pan 0.0

Results:
Gravel % 55.9 D50= 7mm
Sand % 37.9
Fines % Silt 5.8
Fines % Clay 0.5
 HYDROMETER ANALYSIS ASTM D 422

Project : Soil Investigation of IRD Building Sample ID: BH01-1.5-4.5

Location: Dharan Sunsari
Sample from: Building site
Test No.: DH 02-H2

Gs = 2.500
yw = 0.99802
m= 9.81
yc = 0.9965 SOIL SAMPLE WEIGHT
Tested Sample Poured off

Hydrometer No : 1 Container No. B-16

Dispersing Agent : Sodium HM 4% Weight of Container + Dry Soil g 106.8
Amount : 5 g per 125 cc Weight of Container g 56.8
Meniscus correction x 1,000= 0.50 Weight of Dry Soil, Ws g 50
Total Weight Dry Soil g 50
Fraction Finer No. 200 Sieve= 6.3 %

Elapsed N= D=
Date Time Hyd. Time, t R= Rw = Temp. R-Rw K1(R-Rw) Rc Zr Zr (cm) K2 Zr N'
0
Reading min 1000 (r-1) 1000(yw-1) c % cm. t (min) t %

2-Mar 1.01500 0.25 15.00 -0.90 15 15.90 52.81 15.50 13.95 7.471 0.1056 3.3
1.01400 0.50 14.00 -0.90 15 14.90 49.49 14.50 14.29 5.346 0.0756 3.1
1.01350 1.00 13.50 -0.90 15 14.40 47.83 14.00 14.46 3.803 0.0537 3.0
1.01200 2.00 12.00 -0.90 16 12.90 42.85 12.50 14.97 2.736 0.0387 2.7
1.01100 3.00 11.00 -0.90 16 11.90 39.53 11.50 12.20 2.016 0.0285 2.5
1.01050 5.00 10.50 -0.90 16 11.40 37.87 11.00 12.37 1.573 0.0222 2.4
1.01000 8.00 10.00 -0.90 16 10.90 36.21 10.50 12.54 1.252 0.0177 2.3
1.00900 15.00 9.00 -0.90 18 9.90 32.88 9.50 12.87 0.926 0.0131 2.1
1.00750 30.00 7.50 -0.90 18 8.40 27.90 8.00 13.38 0.668 0.0094 1.7
1.00400 60.00 4.00 -0.90 18 4.90 16.28 4.50 14.57 0.493 0.0070 1.0
1.00250 120.00 2.50 -0.90 18 3.40 11.29 3.00 15.07 0.354 0.0050 0.7
1.00200 240.00 2.00 -0.90 18 2.90 9.63 2.50 15.24 0.252 0.0036 0.6
6/4 1.00150 1200.00 1.50 -0.90 16 2.40 7.97 2.00 15.41 0.113 0.0016 0.5

K1 = yc x Gs x 100 = 3.32166667 yc = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of hydrometer

(Gs - 1) Ws calibration, g/cm3
Gs = Specific gravity of solids
Ws = Wt. Of dry soil, g
K2 = 5.531 x 10-3 m= 0.01413278 m= Viscosity of water at the temp. of the test,
ys-yw millipoises
ys = Unit Wt. of soil grains, g/cm3
yw = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of the test, g/cm3
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)

Project : Soil Investigation of IRD Building Sample ID: BH01-1.5-4.5

Location: Dharan Sunsari
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-4.5 m

GRAVEL SAND
Unified Soil Classification COBBLES SILT or CLAY
System Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

A A S H T O Classification GRAVEL SAND SILT CLAY

BOULDERS Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Fine

GRAVEL SAND
ASTM Classification BOULDER COBBLE SILT CLAY
Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

BS GRAVEL SAND SILT

BOULDER COBBLE CLAY
Classification Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine

100

90

80

70
Percentage passing

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
Particle size mm
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)
Sheet No: 1 of 2

Project: Soil Investigation of IRD Building Sample ID: BH02-1.5-4.5

Location: Dharan Sunsari
Easting: Northing:
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-4.5 m
Original Sample Wt. gm: Oven Dry Wt.: 700.0 gm

Wt. Retained, Cum. Retained, Cum Wt.

Diam. (mm) Sieve No. Passing, % Remarks
gm gm Ret., %
19 3/4 78.0 78.0 11.1 88.9
12.5 1/2 96.0 174.0 24.9 75.1
9.5 3/8 55.0 229.0 32.7 67.3
4.75 #4 78.0 307.0 43.9 56.1
2.36 #8 85.0 392.0 56.0 44.0
1.18 # 16 63.0 455.0 65.0 35.0
0.3 # 50 99.0 554.0 79.1 20.9
0.15 #100 10.0 564.0 80.6 19.4
0.075 #200 0.3 564.3 80.6 19.4

Pan 86.9

Results:
Gravel % 43.9 D50= 3.5mm
Sand % 36.8
Fines % Silt 17.8
Fines % Clay 1.5
 HYDROMETER ANALYSIS ASTM D 422

Project : Soil Investigation of IRD Building Sample ID: BH02-1.5-4.5

Location: Dharan Sunsari
Sample from: Building site
Test No.: DH 02-H2

Gs = 2.500
yw = 0.99802
m= 9.81
yc = 0.9965 SOIL SAMPLE WEIGHT
Tested Sample Poured off

Hydrometer No : 1 Container No. B-16

Dispersing Agent : Sodium HM 4% Weight of Container + Dry Soil g 106.8
Amount : 5 g per 125 cc Weight of Container g 56.8
Meniscus correction x 1,000= 0.50 Weight of Dry Soil, Ws g 50
Total Weight Dry Soil g 50
Fraction Finer No. 200 Sieve= 19.4 %

Elapsed N= D=
Date Time Hyd. Time, t R= Rw = Temp. R-Rw K1(R-Rw) Rc Zr Zr (cm) K2 Zr N'
0
Reading min 1000 (r-1) 1000(yw-1) c % cm. t (min) t %

2-Mar 1.01500 0.25 15.00 -0.90 15 15.90 52.81 15.50 13.95 7.471 0.1056 10.2
1.01400 0.50 14.00 -0.90 15 14.90 49.49 14.50 14.29 5.346 0.0756 9.6
1.01350 1.00 13.50 -0.90 15 14.40 47.83 14.00 14.46 3.803 0.0537 9.3
1.01200 2.00 12.00 -0.90 16 12.90 42.85 12.50 14.97 2.736 0.0387 8.3
1.01100 3.00 11.00 -0.90 16 11.90 39.53 11.50 12.20 2.016 0.0285 7.7
1.01050 5.00 10.50 -0.90 16 11.40 37.87 11.00 12.37 1.573 0.0222 7.3
1.01000 8.00 10.00 -0.90 16 10.90 36.21 10.50 12.54 1.252 0.0177 7.0
1.00900 15.00 9.00 -0.90 18 9.90 32.88 9.50 12.87 0.926 0.0131 6.4
1.00750 30.00 7.50 -0.90 18 8.40 27.90 8.00 13.38 0.668 0.0094 5.4
1.00400 60.00 4.00 -0.90 18 4.90 16.28 4.50 14.57 0.493 0.0070 3.2
1.00250 120.00 2.50 -0.90 18 3.40 11.29 3.00 15.07 0.354 0.0050 2.2
1.00200 240.00 2.00 -0.90 18 2.90 9.63 2.50 15.24 0.252 0.0036 1.9
6/4 1.00150 1200.00 1.50 -0.90 16 2.40 7.97 2.00 15.41 0.113 0.0016 1.5

K1 = yc x Gs x 100 = 3.32166667 yc = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of hydrometer

(Gs - 1) Ws calibration, g/cm3
Gs = Specific gravity of solids
Ws = Wt. Of dry soil, g
K2 = 5.531 x 10-3 m= 0.01413278 m= Viscosity of water at the temp. of the test,
ys-yw millipoises
ys = Unit Wt. of soil grains, g/cm3
yw = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of the test, g/cm3
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)

Project : Soil Investigation of IRD Building Sample ID: BH02-1.5-4.5

Location: Dharan Sunsari
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-4.5 m

GRAVEL SAND
Unified Soil Classification COBBLES SILT or CLAY
System Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

A A S H T O Classification GRAVEL SAND SILT CLAY

BOULDERS Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Fine

GRAVEL SAND
ASTM Classification BOULDER COBBLE SILT CLAY
Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

BS GRAVEL SAND SILT

BOULDER COBBLE CLAY
Classification Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine

100

90

80

70
Percentage passing

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
Particle size mm
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)
Sheet No: 1 of 2

Project: Soil Investigation of IRD Building Sample ID: BH03-1.5-4.5

Location: Dharan Sunsari
Easting: Northing:
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-4.5 m 0
Original Sample Wt. gm: Oven Dry Wt.: 700.0 gm

Wt. Retained, Cum. Retained, Cum Wt.

Diam. (mm) Sieve No. Passing, % Remarks
gm gm Ret., %
19 3/4 99.0 99.0 14.1 85.9
12.5 1/2 78.0 177.0 25.3 74.7
9.5 3/8 85.0 262.0 37.4 62.6
4.75 #4 64.0 326.0 46.6 53.4
2.36 #8 52.0 378.0 54.0 46.0
1.18 # 16 33.0 411.0 58.7 41.3
0.3 # 50 88.0 499.0 71.3 28.7
0.15 #100 12.0 511.0 73.0 27.0
0.075 #200 0.6 511.6 73.1 26.9

Pan 243.1

Results:
Gravel % 46.6 D50= 3.5mm
Sand % 26.5
Fines % Silt 24.3
Fines % Clay 2.6
 HYDROMETER ANALYSIS ASTM D 422

Project : Soil Investigation of IRD Building Sample ID: BH03-1.5-4.5

Location: Dharan Sunsari
Sample from: Building site
Test No.: DH 02-H2

Gs = 2.500
yw = 0.99802
m= 9.81
yc = 0.9965 SOIL SAMPLE WEIGHT
Tested Sample Poured off

Hydrometer No : 1 Container No. B-16

Dispersing Agent : Sodium HM 4% Weight of Container + Dry Soil g 106.8
Amount : 5 g per 125 cc Weight of Container g 56.8
Meniscus correction x 1,000= 0.50 Weight of Dry Soil, Ws g 50
Total Weight Dry Soil g 50
Fraction Finer No. 200 Sieve= 26.9 %

Elapsed N= D=
Date Time Hyd. Time, t R= Rw = Temp. R-Rw K1(R-Rw) Rc Zr Zr (cm) K2 Zr N'
0
Reading min 1000 (r-1) 1000(yw-1) c % cm. t (min) t %

2-Mar 1.01300 0.25 13.00 -0.90 15 13.90 46.17 13.50 14.63 7.650 0.1081 12.4
1.01200 0.50 12.00 -0.90 15 12.90 42.85 12.50 14.97 5.472 0.0773 11.5
1.01100 1.00 11.00 -0.90 15 11.90 39.53 11.50 15.31 3.912 0.0553 10.6
1.01050 2.00 10.50 -0.90 16 11.40 37.87 11.00 15.48 2.782 0.0393 10.2
1.01000 3.00 10.00 -0.90 16 10.90 36.21 10.50 12.54 2.044 0.0289 9.7
1.00950 5.00 9.50 -0.90 16 10.40 34.55 10.00 12.71 1.594 0.0225 9.3
1.00850 8.00 8.50 -0.90 16 9.40 31.22 9.00 13.04 1.277 0.0180 8.4
1.00800 15.00 8.00 -0.90 18 8.90 29.56 8.50 13.21 0.939 0.0133 8.0
1.00650 30.00 6.50 -0.90 18 7.40 24.58 7.00 13.72 0.676 0.0096 6.6
1.00350 60.00 3.50 -0.90 18 4.40 14.62 4.00 14.74 0.496 0.0070 3.9
1.00300 120.00 3.00 -0.90 18 3.90 12.95 3.50 14.91 0.352 0.0050 3.5
1.00250 240.00 2.50 -0.90 18 3.40 11.29 3.00 15.07 0.251 0.0035 3.0
6/4 1.00200 1200.00 2.00 -0.90 16 2.90 9.63 2.50 15.24 0.113 0.0016 2.6

K1 = yc x Gs x 100 = 3.32166667 yc = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of hydrometer

(Gs - 1) Ws calibration, g/cm3
Gs = Specific gravity of solids
Ws = Wt. Of dry soil, g
K2 = 5.531 x 10-3 m= 0.01413278 m= Viscosity of water at the temp. of the test,
ys-yw millipoises
ys = Unit Wt. of soil grains, g/cm3
yw = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of the test, g/cm3
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)

Project : Soil Investigation of IRD Building Sample ID: BH03-1.5-4.5

Location: Dharan Sunsari
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-4.5 m

GRAVEL SAND
Unified Soil Classification COBBLES SILT or CLAY
System Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

A A S H T O Classification GRAVEL SAND SILT CLAY

BOULDERS Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Fine

GRAVEL SAND
ASTM Classification BOULDER COBBLE SILT CLAY
Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

BS GRAVEL SAND SILT

BOULDER COBBLE CLAY
Classification Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine

100

90

80

70
Percentage passing

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
Particle size mm
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST, ASTM D 3080
Project : Soil Investigation Work of IRD building
Location : Dharan, Sunsari Drill Hole: BH 01
Material Description : Sandy gravel Sample ID: 1.5-4.5
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-4.5
Test No 1 2 3
Wt of Wet Soil + Can g 303.7 176 173.8 Strain Rate: 0.625mm/min
Wt of Dry Soil + Can g 265 155 155 Least Count of Strain Dial: 0.01mm
Weight of Water g 38.7 21 18.8 Least Count of Vertical Dial: -
Weight of Container g 12.8 12.3 14 Proving Ring Constant: 0.96 KN/m²
Weight Dry Soil g 252.2 142.7 141
Water Content. W. % 15.3 14.7 13.3

SOIL SPECIMENT MEASUREMENTS

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
Weight of wet Soil +
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
Weight of dry Soil +
g 145.0 145.0 145.0
Container
Weight of wet Soil g 195.0 195.0 195.0
Wet Unit Weight, Kn/m3 21.3 21.3 21.3
Dry Unit Weight yd =
Kn/m3 18.4 18.5 18.8
100*yT/(100+W)

Normal Load (σn) 50 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 100 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 200 KN/m2
Strain Dial div Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress
Load Reading Dial
KN/m2 Dial KN/m2 Dial KN/m2
0.25 14.0 13.44 28 26.9 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 33.0 31.7 51.0 49.0
0.75 19.0 18.24 39.0 37.4 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 47.0 45.1 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 52.0 49.9 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 58.0 55.7 92.0 88.3
1.75 0 0.0 100.0 96.0
2.00 0 0.0 118.0 113.3
2.50 0 0.0 120.0 115.2
3.00 0 0.0 0.0
3.50 0 0.0 0.0
4.00 0 0.0 0.0
4.50 0 0.0 0.0
5.00 0 0.0 0.0
5.50 0 0.0 0.0
6.00 0 0.0 0.0
6.50 0 0.0 0.0
7.00 0 0.0 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
Tested By : Checked By:
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 1.5-4.5

Project : Soil Investigation Work of IRD building

Location : Dharan, Sunsari
Material Description : Sandy gravel Sample ID: 1.5-4.5
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-4.5

SHEAR STRESS VS NORMAL STRESS

300.0

250.0

200.0
f = Shear Stress kN/m2

150.0

y = 0.5678x + 0.96
100.0

C = 14 KN/m2
50.0 ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=

0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250

n = Normal Stress kN/m2

Result:

Angle of Internal friction (f) : 30.0

Cohesion (C) kN/m2 : 1.0
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST, ASTM D 3080
Project : Soil Investigation Work of IRD building
Location : Dharan, Sunsari Drill Hole: BH 02
Material Description : Sandy gravel Sample ID: 1.5-4.5m
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-4.5
Test No 1 2 3
Wt of Wet Soil + Can g 175 176 173.8 Strain Rate: 0.625mm/min
Wt of Dry Soil + Can g 155 155 155 Least Count of Strain Dial: 0.01mm
Weight of Water g 20 21 18.8 Least Count of Vertical Dial: -
Weight of Container g 12.8 12.3 14 Proving Ring Constant: 0.96 KN/m²
Weight Dry Soil g 142.2 142.7 141
Water Content. W. % 14.1 14.7 13.3

SOIL SPECIMENT MEASUREMENTS

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
Weight of wet Soil +
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
Weight of dry Soil +
g 145.0 145.0 145.0
Container
Weight of wet Soil g 195.0 195.0 195.0
Wet Unit Weight, Kn/m3 21.3 21.3 21.3
Dry Unit Weight yd =
Kn/m3 18.6 18.5 18.8
100*yT/(100+W)

Normal Load (σn) 50 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 100 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 200 KN/m2
Strain Dial div Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress
Load Reading Dial
KN/m2 Dial KN/m2 Dial KN/m2
0.25 18.0 17.28 32 30.7 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 35.0 33.6 51.0 49.0
0.75 20.0 19.2 39.0 37.4 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 47.0 45.1 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 51.0 49.0 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 58.0 55.7 92.0 88.3
1.75 33.0 31.68 69.0 66.2 100.0 96.0
2.00 0 72.0 69.1 118.0 113.3
2.50 0 0.0 128.0 122.9
3.00 0 0.0 130.0 124.8
3.50 0 0.0 0.0
4.00 0 0.0 0.0
4.50 0 0.0 0.0
5.00 0 0.0 0.0
5.50 0 0.0 0.0
6.00 0 0.0 0.0
6.50 0 0.0 0.0
7.00 0 0.0 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
Tested By : Checked By:
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 1.5-4.5m

Project : Soil Investigation Work of IRD building

Location : Dharan, Sunsari
Material Description : Sandy gravel Sample ID: 1.5-4.5m
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-4.5

SHEAR STRESS VS NORMAL STRESS

300.0

250.0

200.0
f = Shear Stress kN/m2

150.0

y = 0.6117x + 3.84

100.0

C = 14 KN/m2
50.0 ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=

0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250

n = Normal Stress kN/m2

Result:

Angle of Internal friction (f) : 31.0

Cohesion (C) kN/m2 : 3.8
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST, ASTM D 3080
Project : Soil Investigation Work of IRD building
Location : Sunsari Drill Hole: BH 03
Material Description : Sandy gravel Sample ID: 1.5-4.5
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-4.5
Test No 1 2 3
Wt of Wet Soil + Can g 175 176 173.8 Strain Rate: 0.625mm/min
Wt of Dry Soil + Can g 155 155 155 Least Count of Strain Dial: 0.01mm
Weight of Water g 20 21 18.8 Least Count of Vertical Dial: -
Weight of Container g 12.8 12.3 14 Proving Ring Constant: 0.96 KN/m²
Weight Dry Soil g 142.2 142.7 141
Water Content. W. % 14.1 14.7 13.3

SOIL SPECIMENT MEASUREMENTS

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
Weight of wet Soil +
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
Weight of dry Soil +
g 145.0 145.0 145.0
Container
Weight of wet Soil g 195.0 195.0 195.0
Wet Unit Weight, Kn/m3 21.3 21.3 21.3
Dry Unit Weight yd =
Kn/m3 18.6 18.5 18.8
100*yT/(100+W)

Normal Load (σn) 50 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 100 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 200 KN/m2
Strain Dial div Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress
Load Reading Dial
KN/m2 Dial KN/m2 Dial KN/m2
0.25 18.0 17.28 32 30.7 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 35.0 33.6 51.0 49.0
0.75 20.0 19.2 39.0 37.4 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 47.0 45.1 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 51.0 49.0 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 58.0 55.7 92.0 88.3
1.75 33.0 31.68 69.0 66.2 100.0 96.0
2.00 0 72.0 69.1 118.0 113.3
2.50 0 76.0 73.0 128.0 122.9
3.00 0 0.0 0.0
3.50 0 0.0 0.0
4.00 0 0.0 0.0
4.50 0 0.0 0.0
5.00 0 0.0 0.0
5.50 0 0.0 0.0
6.00 0 0.0 0.0
6.50 0 0.0 0.0
7.00 0 0.0 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
Tested By : Checked By:
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 1.5-4.5

Project : Soil Investigation Work of IRD building

Location : Sunsari
Material Description : Sandy gravel Sample ID: 1.5-4.5
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-4.5

SHEAR STRESS VS NORMAL STRESS

300.0

250.0

200.0
f = Shear Stress kN/m2

150.0

y = 0.5925x + 6.72

100.0

C = 14 KN/m2
50.0 ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=

0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250

n = Normal Stress kN/m2

Result:

Angle of Internal friction (f) : 31.0

Cohesion (C) kN/m2 : 6.7
ANNEX 3: SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
 Annex -3 Site Photographs

Plate 1 Sample at BH-01 Plate 2 Drilling in progress

Plate 3 Drilling in progress Plate 4

Drilling in progress
 Annex -3 Site Photographs

Plate 5 Drilling in progress Plate 6 Drilling in progress