Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

Training

BY
ENEYO VICTOR
SAFETYVICTORENEYO@GMAIL.COM
Job Safety Analysis (JSA) - 1

❑A method for studying a job in

order to:
• Identify hazards
• Assess risk
• Develop controls, actions,
solutions - all have the same goal
in the end – protect people

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JOB STUDYING METHODS
❖OBSERVATION

❖INSPECTION

❖INTERROGATION

❖ABBI

❖STEPBACK (5X5)
Controls
Job Safety Analysis (JSA) - 2

n JSA can also be called:

– Job Risk Assessment (JRA)
– Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
– Task Hazard Analysis (THA)
– Risk Analysis and Evaluation (RAE), etc.

n JSAs are an important part of risk

management.
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Terms

n HAZARD: An existing or potential

condition that can result in injuries,
property damage or other losses

n RISK: The likelihood, high or low,

that someone or something will be
harmed by a hazard
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Terms

nSAFETY: Protected
from danger, risk, or
injury.

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OSHA Priorities
1. Protect people — employees, temporary
workers, contractors, suppliers, and
visitors
2. Protect the environment (natural and
human)
3. Protect the business from interruption and
loss of jobs
4. Protect the property from damage
Your goal is to keep people safe: even
one accident or incident is one too many.
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Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
n JSA consists of (3) phases:
1. Break down the job into basic steps and
the sequence in which those steps are
performed.
2. Evaluate each step for safety, health and
environmental hazards.
3. Recommend solutions for each hazard
identified.
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JSA Benefits

n If hazards can be identified, anticipated,

and controlled, JSAs can reduce
incidents, injuries, illnesses by:
– Assessing operations in the work place
– Correcting uncontrolled hazards
– Establishing proper procedures
– Showing management’s commitment to a
safe workplace
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Job Safety Analysis – Form

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Conducting a JSA – Phase 1
Cont’d
n Determine basic job steps using
discussion method:
• Select a group of employees that perform
the job in question.
• Ask the group to explain their activities.
• Break down the job steps on the JSA form.
• Direct observation may be preferable.
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Conducting a JSA – Phase 2
n Evaluate each step for hazards:
• Examine each step for actions or
conditions that could possibly cause an
accident.
• The goal is to identify all hazards,
whether they are a result of an unsafe
act, behavior, or condition.
• May have more than one hazard per
step
• Can the hazard be eliminated?
• If it cannot be eliminated, it needs to be
controlled. 13
Conducting a JSA – Phase 2
Cont’d
n Identifying hazards
– What could go wrong?
– What are the consequences?
– How could it happen?
– Are there contributing factors?
– What is the likelihood of occurrence?
– What is the significance of
occurrence?
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Conducting a JSA – Phase 3
n Recommend solutions for the hazards
identified:
• Procedure based: The job might be performed in
another way.
• Environment based: The work environment could
be made safer or alternative tools/equipment could
be used.
• Method based: Less hazardous materials and PPE
could be used.
• Frequency based: The frequency of a step could
be reduced.
• Remember your control hierarchy:
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Conducting a JSA

❑ Completed JSAs
should be reviewed
by a supervisor,
department head
and HSE
professional.
❑ Review completed
and approved JSAs
with all employees
performing the job.
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JSA - Review

n JSA Consists of four (4) phases:

1. Determine the job to be analyzed based
on potential hazards (can also call “risk”).
2. Break down the job into basic steps and
the sequence in which those steps are.
performed.
3. Evaluate each step for safety, health and
environmental hazards.
4. Recommend solutions for each hazard
identified.
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JSA – “Other” Applications

n Training tool:
• Inform new employees how to perform in safe,
efficient way.
• Educate new employees about basic
job steps.
• Instruct employees involved in irregular or
infrequent jobs.
n Improve job methods to enhance productivity.
n Increase employee safety awareness.
n Include environmental risks (JSEA)
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Weaknesses in JSA
n Can miss
environmental
exposures
– Can be overcome if
aware of this
limitation
n Limited by the
knowledge of people
doing the JSA
– Practice makes
perfect.
Summary - 1
n Job Safety Analysis (JSA):

– A method for studying a job in order to identify

existing or potential hazards and develop
solutions to eliminate or minimize those hazards

n No OSHA Standard for JSA

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Summary - 2

n Consider doing a JSA for every “routine” task.

– Keep it simple.
n Eventually will have a library of JSAs
1. List the tasks: step-by-step
2. List the hazards
3. List the controls
n Revise JSA:
– If there is an incident involving the job
– If you realize step, hazard, or control missing
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Summary - 3
n To be most effective, JSAs should be:
• Understood, used and followed
• Shared
• Updated
• Reviewed immediately in the event
of an accident as a part of the incident
investigation
• Revised as appropriate
• Consider:
• Writing a JSA procedure (with forms)
• Conducting JSA training
• These can help institutionalize the JSA process.
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Summary - 4

n Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

n Terms
n Conducting a JSA
n Job Risk Inventory – Form
n Job Safety Analysis – Form
n Job Safety Analysis – Review
n JSA - Other Applications
n Summary
n To learn more about JSAs
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To learn more about JSAs

n OSHA 3071: Job

Safety Analysis

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