SELF-LEARNING MATERIAL

RESEARCH 1 with STATISTICS – GRADE 9 (STE)

First Quarter - Week 5
Lesson 4 – Hypothesis

MELCs/OBJECTIVE/S:
 Describe hypothesis
 Differentiate the two types of hypothesis
 Formulate hypothesis based on the presented research problem

Name of Learner: _______________________________________________ Date:_________

Grade & Section: Grade 9 – St. Catherine of Siena

A. PREPARATORY ACTIVITIES
Prayer
Lord true source of light and wisdom, give me a keen sense of understanding, a
retentive memory and the capacity to grasp things correctly. Grant me the grace to
be accurate in my expositions and the skills to express myself with thoroughness
and clarity. Be with me at the start of my work, guide its progress and bring it to
completion. Grant this through Christ, our Lord. Amen

Reminders before doing this SLM

 Do your work diligently and refrain from doing other stuffs while doing this SLM.
 Manage your time while working; follow your class schedule.
 Review your answers before submission.
 Be on time on submitting your SLM.
 Keep an open line for communication, message or call your subject teacher for questions,
clarifications and concerns to be addressed.

B. DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
Motivation
Activity 1: Let us read a passage from the book of 1 Thessalonians, chapter 5: verse 21. Read
the passage twice, reflect, and answer the process questions.

But examine everything carefully; hold fast to that which is good.

Source: New American Standard Bible Copyright ©1995 by The Lockman Foundation, retrieved October 13, 2020 from
https://bible.knowing-jesus.com/topics/Testing

Answer the following process questions.

1. What should we hold fast according to the scriptures?
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2. How do we know it is the good one?
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3. If we relate the passage with our lesson in research, what do we usually examine carefully?
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Lesson Focus
What do you need to know?
Hypothesis is defined as wise guess that is formulated and temporarily adopted to explain
the observed facts covered by the study. (Calmorin, 2016)
There are two types of Hypothesis
1. Null hypothesis (H0) is a type of a denial of existence of a trait, characteristic, quality,
value, correlation, or difference of the result. It is always stated in negative form. The
variables are equal; hence, the difference is zero (0). The symbol of null hypothesis is H 0
because all the variables are equal.
After the specific problems of the research paper, thesis, or dissertation, the hypothesis is
formulated. The null hypothesis (H0), which is commonly used, is based on specific
research problems.
2. Alternative Hypothesis (H1) is a type of hypothesis which affirms of the existence of
observed phenomena and is the opposite of the null hypothesis because it is always
stated in positive form.

Guidelines in Formulating Hypothesis

(Mc Bride 2013; Lapan 2012)
1. Express your hypothesis in a declarative sentence.
2. Support your hypothesis with ideas based on theories, known facts, previous studies, or your
own experience and wisdom.
3. Establish a logical relationship between the hypothesis and the research problem.
4. Have your hypothesis predict the nature of relationship between or among variables.
5. Ascertain the possibility of having some means of testing, analyzing and investigating your
hypothesis
6. Avoid wordiness by using clear, exact, or specific language in stating the hypothesis

Formulating Null Hypothesis (H0)_(Descriptive Research)

Calmorin (2016)
Title: “EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING MATHEMATICS AND ENGLISH AS PERCEIVED BY K TO 12
LEARNERS IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS IN ILOILO CITY”
Specific Research Questions/Problems Null Hypotheses
1. What is the mean score of Mathematics 1. The mean score of Mathematics and
and English taken by K to 12 learners in English taken by K to 12 learners in public and
public and private schools in Iloilo City? private schools in Iloilo City is zero.
2. Are the mean scores of Mathematics and 2. The mean scores of Mathematics and
English taken by K to 12 learners in public English taken by K to 12 learners in public and
and private schools in Iloilo City within the private schools in Iloilo City are below the
regional mean and national mean? regional mean and below the national mean.
3. Is the teaching of Mathematics and English 3. The teaching of Mathematics and English as
as perceived by K to 12 learners in public perceived by K to 12 learners in public and
and private schools in Iloilo City effective? private schools in Iloilo City is ineffective.
4. Is there a significant difference on the 4. There is no significant difference on the
mean scores of Mathematics and English mean scores of Mathematics and English
taken by K to 12 learners in public and taken by K to 12 learners in public and private
private schools in Iloilo City? schools in Iloilo City.
5. Is there a significant difference on the 5. There is no significant difference on the
mean score of Mathematics taken by K to mean scores of Mathematics taken by K to 12
12 learners in public and private schools in learners in public and private schools in Iloilo
Iloilo City? City.
6. Is there a significant difference on the 6. There is no significant difference on the
mean score of English taken by K to 12 mean scores of English taken by K to 12
learners in public and private schools in learners in public and private schools in Iloilo
Iloilo City? City.

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 Formulating Null Hypothesis (H0) (Experimental Research)
Title: “ACCEPTABILITY AND PROFITABILITY OF SIOMAI MADE FROM PANTAT MEAT”
Specific Research Questions/Problems Null Hypotheses
1. What is the acceptability of Siomai made from 1. Siomai made from Pantat Meat is not
Pantat Meat? acceptable.
2. What is the profitability of Siomai made from 2. Siomai made from Pantat Meat is not profitable.
Pantat Meat?
3. Is there a significant difference in the 3. There is no significant difference in the
acceptability of Siomai made from Pantat Meat? acceptability of Siomai made from Pantat Meat.
4. Is there a significant difference in the profitability 4. There is no significant difference in the
of Siomai made from Pantat Meat? acceptability of Siomai made from Pantat Meat.

Rejection and Acceptance of Null Hypothesis (H0)

All hypotheses, both descriptive and inferential statements, must be rejected or accepted
depending on the statistical results.
The null hypothesis (H0) is rejected if the computed value (CV) is significant. If the CV is
equal to or greater than the tabular value (TV) or critical value, the result is significant. Hence,
the null hypothesis is rejected.
The null hypothesis (H0) is accepted if the computed value (CV) is insignificant. If the CV is
lesser than the tabular value (TV) or critical value, the result is insignificant. Hence, the null
hypothesis is accepted.
It is summarized this way:
If CV ≥ TV, significant = reject (H0)
If CV ¿ TV, insignificant = accept (H0)
Formulating Alternative Hypothesis (H1) (Descriptive Research)
Calmorin (2016)
Title: “EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING MATHEMATICS AND ENGLISH AS PERCEIVED BY K TO 12
LEARNERS IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS IN ILOILO CITY”
Specific Research Questions/Problems Null Hypotheses
1. What is the mean score of Mathematics and 1. The mean score of Mathematics and
English taken by K to 12 learners in public and English taken by K to 12 learners in public and
private schools in Iloilo City? private schools in Iloilo City are not equal.
2. Are the mean scores of Mathematics and 2. The mean scores of Mathematics and
English taken by K to 12 learners in public and English taken by K to 12 learners in public and
private schools in Iloilo City within the regional private schools in Iloilo City are not equal to
mean and national mean? the regional mean and are not equal to the
national mean.
3. Is the teaching of Mathematics and English 3. The teaching of Mathematics and English as
as perceived by K to 12 learners in public and perceived by K to 12 learners in public and
private schools in Iloilo City effective? private schools in Iloilo City is ineffective.
4. Is there a significant difference on the mean 4. There is a significant difference on the mean
scores of Mathematics and English taken by K scores of Mathematics and English taken by K
to 12 learners in public and private schools in to 12 learners in public and private schools in
Iloilo City? Iloilo City.
5. Is there a significant difference on the mean 5. There is a significant difference on the mean
score of Mathematics taken by K to 12 scores of Mathematics taken by K to 12
learners in public and private schools in Iloilo learners in public and private schools in Iloilo
City? City.
6. Is there a significant difference on the mean 6. There is a significant difference on the mean
score of English taken by K to 12 learners in scores of English taken by K to 12 learners in
public and private schools in Iloilo City? public and private schools in Iloilo City.

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 Formulating Alternative Hypothesis (H1) (Experimental Research)
Title: “ACCEPTABILITY AND PROFITABILITY OF SIOMAI MADE FROM PANTAT MEAT”
Specific Research Questions/Problems Null Hypotheses
1. What is the acceptability of Siomai made from 1. Siomai made from Pantat Meat is acceptable.
Pantat Meat?
2. What is the profitability of Siomai made from 2. Siomai made from Pantat Meat is profitable.
Pantat Meat?
3. Is there a significant difference in the 3. There is a significant difference in the
acceptability of Siomai made from Pantat Meat? acceptability of Siomai made from Pantat Meat.
4. Is there a significant difference in the profitability 4. There is a significant difference in the
of Siomai made from Pantat Meat? acceptability of Siomai made from Pantat Meat.

C. GENERALIZATION/ APPLICATION
Differentiate the two types of hypothesis.
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What Dominican Core Value/s you can relate with our lesson this week? Why?
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CLOSURE
Closing Prayer

May God the Father bless us, may God the Son heal us, may God the Holy Spirit
enlighten us, and give us eyes to see with, ears to hear with, hands to do the work
of God with, feet to walk with, and mouth to preach the word of salvation with, And
may the angel of peace watch over us and lead us at last, to the Lord's gift to the
kingdom. Amen

REFERENCE/S
Calmorin. L.P. (2016). Research and Thesis Writing with Statistics Computer Application.
Quezon City: Rex Book Store.
Baraceros, E.L. (2016). Practical Research 2. Quezon City: Rex Book Store.

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 ACTIVITY SHEET
RESEARCH 1 with STATISTICS – GRADE 9 (STE)
First Quarter - Week 5
Lesson 4 – Hypothesis

Name of Learner: ______________________________________Date:___________

Grade & Section: Grade 9 – St. Catherine of Siena
Formulate specific questions and the corresponding null hypotheses based on the
following research title. Use the table for your answers.
1. Acceptability and Profitability of Ice Cream made from Cucumber and Lemon (Experimental
Research)
Specific Research Questions/Problems Null Hypotheses

2. Hours of Study and Test Scores in Science of Grade 9 Leaners of Sacred Heart Academy
(Descriptive Research)
Specific Research Questions/Problems Null Hypotheses

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