Complete Set - NBS - Minor Works Version - JCT

RIDGE
CONTENTS
MINOR WORKS VERSION - JCT
C20 Demolition
C45 Damp proof course renewal/ Insertion
C46 Cavity wall tie renewal/ insertion
C52 Fungus/ Beetle eradication
D20 Excavating and filling
E10 In situ concrete

E20 Formwork for in situ concrete
E30 Reinforcement for in situ concrete
E41 Worked finishes to in situ concrete
E60 Precast concrete floors/ roof decks
F10 Brick/ Block walling

F20 Natural stone rubble walling
F30 Accessories/ Sundry items for brick/ block/ stone walling
F31 Precast concrete sills/ lintels/ copings/ features
G12 Isolated structural metal members

G20 Carpentry/ Timber framing/ First fixing
H20 Rigid sheet cladding

H30 Fibre cement profiled sheet cladding
H60 Plain roof tiling
H62 Natural slating
H65 Single lap roof tiling
H71 Lead sheet coverings/ flashings
J21 Mastic asphalt roofing/ finishes

J30 Liquid applied damp proofing
J40 Flexible sheet tanking/ damp proofing
J41 Built-up felt roof coverings
K10 Plasterboard dry linings/ Partitions/ Ceilings

K20 Timber board flooring/ sarking/ linings/ casings
L10 Windows/ Rooflights/ Screens

L20 Doors/ Shutters/ Hatches
L30 Stairs/ Ladders/ Walkways/ Handrails/ Balustrades
L40 General glazing
M10 Cement based levelling/ wearing screeds

M20 Plastered/ Rendered/ Roughcast coatings
M21 Insulation with rendered finish
M40 Stone/ Concrete/ Quarry/ Ceramic tiling
M50 Rubber/ Plastics/ Cork/ Lino/ Carpet tiling/ sheeting
M60 Painting/ Clear finishing
N10 General fixtures/ furnishings/ equipment
N13 Sanitary appliances/ fittings
P10 Sundry insulation/ proofing work/ fire stops

P11 Foamed/ Fibre/ Bead cavity wall insulation
P20 Unframed isolated trims/ skirtings/ sundry items
P30 Trenches/ Pipeways/ Pits for buried engineering services
P31 Holes/ Chases/ Covers/ Supports for services
Q10 Kerbs/ Edgings/ Channels/ Paving accessories

Q20 Granular sub-bases to pavings
Q22 Coated macadam pavings
Q28 Topsoiling
Q40 Fencing
R11 Foul drainage above ground

R12 Drainage below ground
S12 Hot and cold water
T32 Low temperature hot water heating
U10 General ventilation
V90 General lighting and power
Z10 Purpose made joinery

Z11 Purpose made metalwork
Z12 Preservative/ Fire retardant treatment
Z20 Fixings/ Adhesives
Z21 Mortars
Z22 Sealants
1
C20 DEMOLITION
05 SURVEY: Before starting work, carry out a survey and submit a report and method
statement covering all relevant matters listed below and in Health and Safety
Executive Guidance Note GS29/1 paragraph 32:
- Condition and demolition methods of the structure(s).
- Removal methods of any hazardous materials.
- Type and location of adjoining or surrounding premises which may be adversely
affected by the Works.
- Identification and location of services.
10 EXTENT OF DEMOLITION: Agree in writing with the CA prior to commencement.
15 BENCH MARKS: Report any bench marks and other survey information found. Do
not remove or destroy unless instructed.
20 FEATURE(S) TO BE RETAINED: shall be identified and agreed with the CA prior

to commencement. All such items shall be adequately protected.
25 LOCATION OF SERVICES: Locate and mark the positions of services affected by

the work. Arrange with the appropriate authorities for the location and marking of the
positions of mains services.
30 DISCONNECTION OF SERVICES: before starting demolition arrange with

the appropriate authorities for the disconnection of services and removal of
fittings and equipment.
32 DISCONNECTION OF DRAINS: Locate and disconnect all disused drain

connections. Seal within the site to approval.
35 DRAINS IN USE: Protect drains and fittings still in use and keep free of debris at all
times. Make good any damage arising from demolition work and leave clean and in
working order at completion.
40 BYPASS CONNECTIONS: Provide as necessary to maintain continuity of services to

occupied areas of the same and adjoining properties. Give adequate notice to
occupiers if shutdown is necessary.
45 SERVICES WHICH ARE TO REMAIN: Notify the CA and service authority or

owner of any damage arising from the execution of the Works. Make all arrangements
for repair to the satisfaction of the CA and service authority or owner. Bear any costs
arising.
50 WORKMANSHIP GENERALLY:
- Demolish structure(s) in accordance with BS 6187 and Health and Safety Executive
Guidance Notes GS29/1, 3 and 4.
- Operatives must be appropriately skilled and experienced for the type of work and
hold or be training to obtain relevant CITB Certificates of Competence.
- Site staff responsible for supervision and control of the work are to be experienced in
the assessment of the risks involved and in the methods of demolition to be used.
55 SITE HAZARDS:
- Prevent fire or explosion caused by gas or vapour.
- Reduce dust by periodically spraying with water.
- Take adequate precautions to protect site operatives and the general public from
vibration, dangerous fumes and dust arising during the course of the Works.
- Cordon off site to prevent ingress from non site operatives
60 ADJOINING PROPERTY:
- Provide adequate temporary support and protection to adjoining property at each
stage.
- Prevent damage to adjoining property and leave no unnecessary or unstable
projections.
- Do not disturb support to foundations of adjoining property.
- Report any defects exposed or becoming apparent in adjoining property.
- Promptly repair any damage caused to adjoining property.
- Prior to works commencement and during the works ensure that the Party Wall Act
has been complied with (employer to arrange)
65 STRUCTURE(S) TO BE RETAINED:
- Adequately protect parts of existing structure(s) that are to be kept in place.
- Cut away and strip out the minimum necessary.
- Prevent debris from overloading any part of the structure which is not to be
demolished.
70 PARTLY DEMOLISHED STRUCTURE(S):

- Leave partly demolished structure(s) in a stable condition, with adequate temporary
support at each stage to prevent risk of uncontrolled collapse.
- Prevent debris from overloading scaffolding platforms.
- Prevent access of unauthorised persons to partly demolished structure(s). Leave safe
outside working hours.
71 DANGEROUS OPENINGS: Illuminate and protect as necessary.
75 ASBESTOS BASED MATERIALS:

- Asbestos based materials are known to be present in the housing stock.
- Prior to work commencing make all necessary investigations to establish whether any
asbestos based materials and whether they are likely to be disturbed by the works.
The proposed course of action is to be agreed in writing prior to any work
commencing.
- Removal is to be carried out by a Contractor licensed by the Health and Safety
Executive and prior to any other works starting in these locations.
- Once works commences, report immediately any suspected asbestos based materials
discovered. Avoid disturbing such materials and agree methods for safe removal.
Contractor to arrange with suitably qualified asbestos analysing firm to analyse if a
material is asbestos and also with licensed contractor to remove.
80 OPEN BASEMENTS, ETC:

- Leave adequate buttress walls or provide temporary support to basement retaining
walls up to ground level.
- Make the remaining sections of any retaining and buttress walls safe and secure.
- Make holes in basement floors to allow water drainage. Provide a 600 mm diameter
hole for every 10 m².
81 FILLING OF BASEMENTS, ETC:

- Leave adequate buttress walls or provide temporary support to basement retaining
walls up to ground level.
- Make holes in basement floors to allow water drainage. Provide a 600 mm diameter
hole for every 10 m².
- Remove all organic material and soil. Fill and consolidate with a suitable material
subject to prior agreement with the CA.
86 COMPLETION: Clear away all debris and leave the site tidy on completion. Grade
the site to follow the levels of adjacent areas.
90 OWNERSHIP: Components and materials arising from the demolition work are to
become the property of the Contractor except where otherwise provided. Remove
from site as work proceeds.
95 RECYCLED MATERIALS: Materials arising from demolition work may be recycled

or reused elsewhere in the project, subject to compliance with the appropriate
specification.
C45 DAMP PROOF COURSE RENEWAL/ INSERTION
04 SURVEY OF EXISTING WALLS

- Survey generally:
- Purpose: To confirm presence and extent of rising damp and suitability of walls for
treatment by the proposed dpc system.
- Timing: Before starting dpc installation work carry out survey and submit survey
report. Contractor to arrange with damp proofing specialist
- Survey report content:
- Extent of rising damp: Determine using methods recommended in The British
Wood Preserving and Damp-proofing Association (BWPDA) ‘Code of practice for
the installation of remedial damp proof courses in masonry walls’ clause 6.
- Remedial work: Nature and extent of work required to ensure an effective dpc.
- Other information: Any considered relevant.
12 REMEDIAL WORK
- Carry out remedial work as shown to be necessary by the survey
15 BEFORE DPC INSTALLATION

- Agree with the CA positions of any DPCs not shown on the drawings. All DPCs to be
not less than 150mm above external ground level.
- Internal finishes: Remove only sufficient to expose the proposed line of dpc.
- Fungal or beetle attack to timber sections: Report any occurrences.
24 REPAIRING/ REPOINTING OF WALLS

- Location: On line of proposed dpc.
- Timing: Before installation of dpc.
- Mortar: As section Z21 and to match existing.
35 CHEMICAL INJECTION DPC SYSTEM

- System: Agrément certified.
- Product type: as recommended by survey report.
- Installation: To BS 6576 by a firm approved by the dpc manufacturer.
40 MAKING GOOD TO EXPOSED INJECTION HOLES

- Mortar mix: As recommended by the dpc manufacturer.
- Colour and texture: Match existing masonry.
- Installation: Fully fill holes. Finish neatly and flush.
- Approval of appearance: Obtain approval of first few holes before completing the
remainder.
50 GUARANTEE
- Type: Insurance backed. Administered by an independent insurance protection
company.
- Guarantee period (minimum): 20 years from Practical Completion.
- Documentation: Provide certificates/ guarantees at Practical Completion.
C46 CAVITY WALL TIE RENEWAL/INSERTION
10 INSERTING CAVITY WALL TIES

- To be carried out in accordance with a detailed specification to be provided
separately.
Proof load testing: As clause 20.
20 PROOF LOAD TESTING OF WALL TIES:

- During installation, verify that the inner leaf/background connections will achieve
tensile proof load(s) of not less than that recommended by the wall tie manufacturer.
- Use testing equipment with a gauge capacity of 0-5 kN, a current calibration test
certificate and an adaptor to suit the type of wall tie.
- Carry out tests after the ties have been installed for the appropriate period
recommended by wall tie manufacturer and before making the external leaf
connections.
- Test the first 20 ties installed. Thereafter test 10% of all ties installed.
- If the failure rate of the first 20 ties tested exceeds 10%, repeat the test on a further set
of 20 ties. If the combined failure rate of both sets exceeds 10%, seek instructions.
The failure rate of all other ties tested must not exceed 5%.
- Replace any ties that fail in a suitably adjacent location and retest. Maintain a record
of all testing.
30 INSTALLATION OF WALL TIES GENERALLY:

- Use operatives and supervisors who are skilled and experienced with the installation
and testing procedures for the specified type(s) of tie.
- Sequence installation of ties to ensure that masonry remains stable at all times.
Prevent damage to masonry and keep cavities free from debris.
- Install ties accurately and securely with fixing depths to the tie manufacturer’s
recommendations and drips centred on cavity. Slope ties without drips slightly
downwards towards external leaf.
- Keep facework clean and free from grout or mortar stains.
40 POSITIONING OF WALL TIES:

- Space evenly at the following centres:
Horizontal (staggered in alternate rows): 750 mm.
Vertical: 450 mm.
- Additional ties: Fix at not more than 300 mm centres vertically within 225 mm of
reveals of unbonded openings and unbonded edges (including gables and movement
joints).
50 REMOVING MASONRY UNITS FOR ACCESS TO TIES:

- Where masonry units are to be reused remove carefully in one piece and clean off old
mortar. Do not damage adjacent masonry or widen joints.
- Remove old mortar from units and around openings. Set aside units for reuse.
55 CORE DRILLING MASONRY WITH RENDERED FINISH:

Drill carefully and accurately to provide access to existing ties.
60 REMOVAL OF EXISTING WALL TIES FROM INNER LEAF: Remove ties

carefully and completely from joints without disturbing the inner leaf/background or
internal finishes.
65 MAKING GOOD OF CAVITY WALL INSULATION:

- Remove all dirt and debris to prevent bridging of the cavity.
Fit new insulation securely, leaving no gaps.
- Insulation: Mineral wool batts to BS 6676-1 or Agrément certified, thickness to match
existing.
70 REPLACING MASONRY UNITS:

- Masonry units: to match existing.
- Mortar: As section Z21, mix: to suit conditions.
- Clean off old mortar from joints and dampen to control suction as necessary. Lay unit
on a full bed of mortar and ensure that joints are fully filled. Prevent mortar from
dropping into cavity.
- Finish joints neatly to match existing as work proceeds or rake out for repointing
where specified elsewhere.
80 MAKING GOOD OF INSERTION/INSPECTION HOLES IN EXTERNAL LEAF:

- Mortar mix: To match existing masonry units/joints in colour and texture. Inform CA
before starting and obtain approval of first few holes before completing remainder.
- Clean out holes thoroughly and fully fill with repair mortar. Finish neatly.
82 MAKING GOOD OF EXTERNAL RENDER:

- Mortar mix: To match existing render in colour and texture. Inform CA before starting
and obtain approval of first few patches before completing remainder. Remove dust
and debris and dampen to control suction where necessary. Apply render firmly.
Finish flush with existing render.
85 RETOUCHING DECORATIVE FINISHES TO EXTERNAL LEAF: Carefully

retouch repairs using a compatible paint to blend with existing surrounding finish.
90 REPOINTING CRACKED JOINTS: Repoint joints with cracks as follows:

- Remove mortar carefully and without damaging adjacent masonry or widening joints.
Form a neat square recess of depth not less than twice thickness of joint. Remove dust
and debris.
- Dampen joints to control suction as necessary. Press mortar well into joints so that
they are fully filled. Ensure that no mortar encroaches upon the face of the masonry.
- Finish joints neatly to match existing adjacent joints.
- Mortar: As section Z21, mix: to suit conditions
95 DOCUMENTATION: At Practical Completion provide CA with a statement of all

quality control checks carried out during installation and the certificate of guarantee
for the wall tie installation.
C52 FUNGUS/BEETLE ERADICATION
10 SURVEY AND REPORT:

- Before tendering the Contractor to arrange with a timber specialist to carry out a
survey of the building to ascertain:
- The source(s) and extent of any dampness.
- The nature and extent of infestation/decay.
- Any site conditions and restrictions likely to affect the execution of the work,
including the presence of bats.
- Submit a report with the tender, describing and giving quantities for:
- Proposed eradication treatment.
- The nature and extent of removal and/or replacement of building fabric which will
be required.
- Work consequent upon treatment but not included in the tender is to be clearly
identified as such.
15 DRYING OUT: Ensure that effective measures to ventilate and dry out damp building
fabric are commenced as soon as possible. Agree methods with the CA.
20 DRY ROT:
- Do not disturb fruiting bodies. Spray with fungicide, remove carefully and clean
down.
- Agree the extent of removal of infected timber, plaster and other finishes with the CA.
- Remove infected materials immediately in bags or as necessary to ensure that no other
parts of the building become contaminated. Dispose of materials safely at a tip
approved by a Waste Regulation Authority.
25 WET ROT: Cut out all rotten material until sound timber is reached, having first
agreed with the CA that this will not adversely affect the building fabric.
30 INSECT INFESTATION: Probe timber, drilling if necessary, to determine extent of

damage. Remove timber agreed with the CA as being structurally unsound. Scrape
and trim back all friable parts of otherwise sound timber. Remove material
immediately to a tip approved by a Waste Regulation Authority.
35 CLEANING: Thoroughly clean down all surfaces in affected areas. Remove all loose
material, dust and debris and remove from site without delay.
37 PRESERVATIVES: To be Health and Safety Executive (HSE) registered and listed in

the current ‘Pesticides (Reference Book 500)’ and ‘Pesticides Register’, and applied
in strict accordance with their statutory conditions of approval given on product
labels.
39 TREATMENT METHODS GENERALLY: Select treatment method(s) from those

specified, ensuring suitability for the type, scale and location of the fungal/insect
attack. Agree treatment method in writing with CA prior to work commencing.
55 GUARANTEE: Provide an insurance backed guarantee, administered by an

independent insurance protection company, for a period of not less than 20 years from
Practical Completion.
D20 EXCAVATING AND FILLING
04 SITE INVESTIGATION
- Report: a report is to be prepared prior to any excavation works commencing on site.
10 PREPARATORY WORK
- Trees, shrubs and hedges to be removed: Cut down, grub up main roots and fill voids.
- Clear site of rubbish and vegetation. Grub up large roots.
- Arisings: Remove from site.
20 STRIPPING TOPSOIL
- General: Excavate from required areas to full depth of top soil and keep separate
ready for re-use.
25 INSPECTING FORMATIONS
- Notice: Make advance arrangements for inspection of formations for work sections as
previously agreed with CA.
27 ADJACENT EXCAVATIONS
- Timing of excavations in close proximity: Complete deepest excavation first.
30 OBSTRUCTIONS
- Recorded foundations, beds, drains, etc: Break out and seal off drain ends. Remove
contaminated earth.
- Unrecorded foundations, beds, basements, filling, tanks, service pipes, drains, etc:
Give notice.
35 EXCESS EXCAVATIONS
- Excavation taken wider than required: Backfill as instructed by CA.
- Excavation taken deeper than required: Backfill with well graded granular material or
with lean mix concrete as instructed by CA.
40 SURPLUS EXCAVATED MATERIAL

- Topsoil: Spread and level on site or as instructed by CA
- Material not specified to be spread and levelled: Remove from site.
50 HAZARDOUS, AGGRESSIVE OR UNSTABLE MATERIALS

- Generally: Do not import or use fill materials which would, either in themselves or in
combination with other material or ground water, give rise to a health hazard, damage
to building structures or instability in the filling.
- Soluble sulphate content of imported materials for filling when tested to BS 1377-3,
clause 5, using a 2:1 water-soil extract (maximum): 1 g/litre.
53 WATER
- Generally: Keep excavations free from water until foundations and below ground
constructions are completed.
55 PLACING FILL GENERALLY

- Excavations and areas to be filled: Free from loose soil, rubbish and standing water.
- Freezing conditions: Do not use frozen materials or materials containing ice. Do not
place fill on frozen surfaces.
- Fill against structures, membranes or buried services: Place and compact in a
sequence and manner which will ensure stability and avoid damage.
60 BACKFILLING TO FOUNDATIONS
- Under oversite concrete and pavings: Hardcore as clause 65.
- Under grassed or landscaped areas: Material excavated from the trench, laid and
compacted in 300 mm layers.
62 FROST SUSCEPTIBILITY
- General: Except as allowed below, fill must be non frost-susceptible as defined in
Transport Research Laboratory Report SR 829 'Specification for the TRRL frost-
heave test'.
- Frost-susceptible fill: Use only within the external walls of buildings below spaces
that will be heated. Protect from frost during construction.
65 HARDCORE
- Fill: Granular material, free from harmful matter and excessive dust or clay, well
graded, passing a 75 mm BS sieve and one of the following:
- Crushed hard rock or quarry waste.
- Crushed concrete, brick or tile, free from plaster.
- Gravel or hoggin.
- Filling: Spread and level both backfilling and general filling in layers not exceeding
150 mm. Thoroughly compact each layer.
75 BLINDING TO HARDCORE
- Surfaces to receive sheet overlays or concrete: Blind with:
- Concrete where shown on drawings; or
- Sand, fine gravel, or other approved fine material applied to provide a close
smooth surface.
- Permissible deviation on surface level: +0 -25 mm.
E10 IN SITU CONCRETE
10 DESIGNATED MIX FOR FOUNDATIONS AND MANHOLES GENERALLY

- Mix GEN 1 to BS 5328.
- The concrete will be C 20 P mix
- Nominal maximum size of aggregate: 20 mm.
- Admixtures: An accelerator or retarder may be used.
11 DESIGNATED MIX FOR HOUSE DRIVES, DOMESTIC PARKING AND

EXTERNAL PAVING
- Mix PAV 1 to BS 5328.
12 DESIGNATED MIX FOR GENERAL DRAINAGE WORKS, FILL TO WALL

CAVITIES, SOLID FILLING UNDER STEPS.
- Mix GEN 1 to BS 5328.
13 DESIGNATED MIX FOR CONCRETE IN-SITU GROUND FLOORS

- Mix GEN 1 to BS 5328
- The concrete to be C 15 P mix
30 MIXES FOR SUNDRY TYPES OF IN SITU WORK are to be specified separately

Mixes specified in this section which are equivalent to or better than the above may be
used in lieu, subject to approval.
35 SUBSTITUTION OF STANDARD FOR DESIGNATED MIXES:

- Where appropriate, Standard mix(es) to BS 5328-2, Section 4 will be permitted in
substitution for specified Designated mixes in accordance with BS 5328-1, table 13
and in each case subject to approval.
- If Standard mixes are made on site comply with BS 8000-2.1, Subsections 2, 3 and 4.
45 PROPERTIES OF FRESH CONCRETE to be determined by the Contractor in

consultation with the concrete supplier to suit the on site circumstances and methods,
but in all respects maintaining compliance with this specification.
50 UNDERLAY: Before placing structural concrete (not blinding concrete) on hardcore

or other absorbent substrates, lay building paper to BS 1521, Class B or polyethylene
sheet, 250 micrometres thick. Lap edges 150 mm.
60 PLACING AND COMPACTING:

- At time of placing ensure that all surfaces on which concrete is to be placed are clean,
with no debris, tying wire clippings, fastenings or free water.
- Place while sufficiently plastic for full compaction. Do not add water or retemper
mixes. The temperature of concrete at time of placing must be not less than 5°C. Do
not place against frozen or frost covered surfaces.
- Fully compact to full depth (until air bubbles cease to appear on the top surface),
especially around reinforcement, cast-in accessories, into corners of formwork and at
joints. Use mechanical vibration when instructed.
70 CURING AND PROTECTING:

- Prevent surface evaporation from concrete surfaces as specified below by covering
with polyethylene sheeting as soon as practicable after completion of placing and
compacting, removing only to permit any finishing operations and replacing
immediately thereafter:
- Surfaces which will be exposed to frost, and wearing surfaces of floors and
pavements, regardless of weather conditions: not less than 10 days
- Other structural concrete surfaces: not less than 5 days.
- Adequately protect concrete from shock, indentation and physical damage.
E20 FORMWORK FOR IN SITU CONCRETE
10 WORK BELOW GROUND: Vertical faces of strip footings, bases and slabs may be
cast against faces of excavation, provided the faces are sufficiently accurate and stable
and adequate measures are taken to prevent contamination of concrete.
30 UNDER-SLAB SHEET INSULATION:

- Manufacturer and reference: as specified and as suitable for design.
Thickness: as specified.
- Lay sheets on a level bed of sand, 13mm thickness minimum.
- Seal all joints with tape recommended by manufacturer or by completely overlaying
with 500 gauge polyethylene with lapped joints.
40 FORMWORK:
- Construct accurately and robustly to produce finished concrete to the required
dimensions. Formed surfaces must be free from twist and bow, all intersections, lines
and angles being square, plumb and true.
- Construct (including joints between forms and completed work), to prevent loss of
grout, using seals when necessary. Secure tight against adjacent concrete to prevent
formation of steps.
- Fix inserts or box out as required in correct positions before placing concrete. Form
all holes and chases. Do not cut hardened concrete without approval.
E30 REINFORCEMENT FOR IN SITU CONCRETE
10 PLAN BAR REINFORCEMENT

To BS 4449, Grade 250
20 DEFORMED BAR REINFORCEMENT

To BS4449, Grade 460.
30 FABRIC REINFORCEMENT FOR FOUNDATIONS

Steel fabric to BS 4483,
40 CLEANLINESS: At time of placing concrete, reinforcement to be clean and free of

corrosive pitting, loose millscale, loose rust, ice and substances which may adversely
affect the reinforcement, concrete, or bond between the two.
50 LAPS IN NOMINAL BAR REINFORCEMENT: Not less than 300 mm.
60 LAPS IN FABRIC REINFORCEMENT: Not less than 250 mm.
70 FIXING REINFORCEMENT:
- Where ground bearing slabs are reinforced with a single layer of fabric in the upper
part of the slab, the fabric may be placed in position on top of the first compacted
layer of concrete, followed by the top layer of concrete, placed within two hours of
the first layer.
- In all other cases fix reinforcement before the concrete is placed, providing suitable
spacers at not more than 1 m centres or closer spacing as necessary to support in
position and maintain the specified cover.
- Fix adequately, using tying wire, which must not intrude into the concrete cover.
E41 WORKED FINISHES TO IN SITU CONCRETE
10 FINISHING GENERALLY
- Timing: Carry out finishing operations at optimum times in relation to the setting and
hardening of the concrete.
- Prohibited treatments to surfaces: Wetting to assist working and sprinkling cement.
20 SMOOTH FLOATED FINISH

- Finish: Even surface with no ridges or steps.
30 TROWELLED FINISH
- Floating: Float to an even surface with no ridges or steps, then immediately
commence curing as section E10.
- Trowelling: When suitably stiff, trowel to a uniform, smooth but not polished surface,
free from trowel marks and other blemishes, and suitable to receive specified flooring
material. Resume curing without delay.
40 TROWELLED FINISH FOR WEARING SURFACES:

- Floating: Float to an even surface with no ridges or steps, then immediately
commence curing as section E10.
- Trowelling: Successively trowel at intervals, applying sufficient pressure to close
surface, to give a uniform smooth finish free from trowel marks and other blemishes.
Resume curing without delay.
E60 PRECAST CONCRETE FLOORS/ROOF DECKS
10 PRECAST BEAM AND BLOCK FLOOR/ROOF DECK:

- Beams manufacturer and reference: as specified and as suitable for design
- Blocks: Solid rectangular concrete to BS 6073:Part 1.
Work size: 440 x 215 x 100 mm.
Transverse load capacity measured on a 420 mm span: Not less than 3.5 kN/m².
Block density: As required by design.
- In situ concrete infill: Prior to grouting, fill troughs formed by double beams and other
holes with in situ concrete to BS 5328, Designated mix as specified.
- Grouting: Brush floor clean, wet thoroughly and brush in grout, first in direction of
joists, then across to fill all joints and surface irregularities.
Grout: 1:6 cement:sharp sand (1:4 if soft sand or in wet weather).
- Minimum 75mm sub floor void with sodium chlorate to be applied to soil beneath
building
- Also, cranked ventilators with cavity tray over to ventilate floor void spaced at 1800
mm centres.
50 DETAILING: The deck manufacturer is required to prepare location and assembly

drawings showing incorporated components and features, trimming for voids, holes
for services, and related work by others. Submit to CA for comment in advance of
construction.
60 PRECAST UNITS:
- Lift units at designed lifting points only.
- Set on level bearings ensuring not less than the minimum seating recommended by
manufacturer.
- Form openings, sinkings and junctions with walls in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations, unless detailed otherwise.
- Do not cut units except as recommended by manufacturer.
70 CONCRETE INFILL:
- Thoroughly clean and wet surfaces of precast units.
- Place concrete, avoiding segregation, and compact thoroughly to eliminate voids.
80 LATERAL RESTRAINT:
- Ensure that floors/roof decks tightly abut walls.
- Straps:
Position at centres as required to secure floors/roof decks to abutting external cavity
walls.
F10 BRICK/BLOCK WALLING
05 FACING BRICKWORK EXISTING BUILDINGS

- Bricks: to match existing.
Special shapes: do not use without approval or as per design drawings
- Mortar: As section Z21, mix: 1:1:6 cement:lime:sand or as approved to match
existing.
- Bond: to match existing.
- Joints: to match existing.
06 FACING BRICKWORK FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION

- Bricks: as detailed in specification
- Mortar: As section Z21, mix: 1:1:6 cement:lime:sand or as approved.
- Bond: English
- Joints: weathered struck.
10 SECOND HAND FACING BRICKWORK

- Bricks: Second hand bricks free from deleterious matter such as mortar, plaster, paint,
bituminous materials and organic growths. Bricks to be sound, clean and reasonably
free from cracks and chipped arrises.
Supplier/source: to be approved.
- Bond: to match existing
- Joints: to match existing
15 FACING BLOCKWORK
Minimum average compressive strength: as required by design.
Work size(s): generally 440mm x 215mm x 100mm, 140mm or 190mm
Special shapes: Do not use without approval or as per design drawings
- Mortar: As section Z21, mix: as approved.
- Bond: English.
- Joints: Bucket handle.
20 RECONSTRUCTED STONEWORK
- Walling type: to match existing
Finish/colour: to match existing
- Mortar: As section Z21.
- Joints: to match existing
35 CONCRETE COMMON BLOCKWORK

- Blocks: To BS 6073-1.
Minimum average compressive strength: as required by design.
Maximum thermal conductivity at BS 874-21.
Work size(s): 440 mm x 215 mm x 100 mm, 140 mm or 190 mm
Special shapes: Do not use without approval or as per design drawings
- Mortar: As section Z21, mix: as specified.
- Bond: English.
40 ENGINEERING BRICKWORK
- Bricks: to BS 3921, Engineering Class A
- Mortar: As section Z21, mix: as specified.
- Bond: English
- Joints: Flush.
51 BASIC WORKMANSHIP:
- Store bricks/blocks in stable stacks clear of the ground. Protect from inclement
weather and keep clean and dry.
- Build walls in stretching half lap bond when not specified otherwise.
- Lay bricks/blocks on a full bed of mortar; do not furrow. Fill all cross joints and collar
joints; do not tip and tail.
- Rack back when raising quoins and other advance work. Do not use toothing.
- Bring both leaves of cavity walls to the same level at
– Every course containing rigid ties.
– Every third tie course for double triangle/butterfly stainless steel ties.
– Courses in which lintels are to be bedded.
- Do not carry up any one leaf more than 1.5 m in one day unless permitted by the CA.
55 FACEWORK:
- Facework to start not less than 150 mm below finished level of external paving or soil.
- Select bricks/blocks with unchipped arrises. Cut with a masonry saw where cut edges
will be exposed to view.
- Keep courses evenly spaced using gauge rods. Set out carefully to ensure satisfactory
junctions and joints with adjoining or built-in elements and components.
- Protect against damage and disfigurement, particularly arrises of openings and
corners.
60 ALTERATIONS/EXTENSIONS:
- Arrange brick courses to line up with existing work.
- Unless otherwise specified or agreed block bond new walls to existing by cutting
pockets not less than 100 mm deep, the full thickness of the new wall, and:
Brick to brick: 4 courses high at 8 course centres.
Brick to block, block to brick or block to block: Every alternate block course.
Bond new walling into pockets with all voids filled solid.
- Except where a straight vertical joint is specified, new and existing facework in the
same plane to be tooth bonded together at every course to give a continuous
appearance.
- Where new lintels or walling are to support existing structure, completely fill top joint
with semidry mortar, hard packed and well rammed to ensure full load transfer after
removal of temporary supports.
- Wall starter to be fixed to wall to bond new wall to existing wall
65 FIRE STOPPING: Fill joints around joist ends built into cavity walls with mortar to
seal cavities from interior of building.
66 FIRE STOPPING: Ensure a tight fit between brickwork and cavity barriers to prevent
fire and smoke penetration.
70 HOLES, RECESSES AND CHASES IN MASONRY: Comply with the relevant

clause in section P31.
90 CRACKED BRICKS in existing facework:

- Prior to repointing adjacent cracked joints, cut out and replace cracked bricks with
matching sound bricks to approval.
- Bedding mortar: As section Z21.
91 CRACKED JOINTS in existing facework which is not to be repointed:

- Carefully cut out joints to form a square recess of 15–20 mm depth. Remove dust,
dampen joints to control suction as necessary, and neatly point to match existing
work.
- Repointing mortar: As section Z21, mix: 1:1:6 cement:lime:sand or as approved.
-
95 REPOINTING:
- Where specified carefully rake out existing joints by hand to form a square recess of
15-20 mm depth. Remove dust, dampen joints to control suction as necessary and
neatly point to a profile to match existing in a continuous operation
F20 NATURAL STONE RUBBLE WALLING
- Cutting, dressing, laying and jointing of stone to be carried out by skilled masons.
Provide evidence of previous experience and details of work previously carried out.
- Store stone clear of the ground, protect from adverse weather and keep dry.
- Dampen stones to control suction as necessary and lay on their natural bed on a full
even bed of mortar with all joints filled and between 12–18 mm wide. Evenly
distribute different shapes, sizes and colours throughout the face of the wall to give a
consistent overall appearance and good bond with no long continuous vertical joints.
- Accurately plumb all wall faces, angles and features. Set out carefully to ensure
satisfactory junctions and joints with adjoining or built-in elements and components.
- Prevent damage to stonework and keep clean during construction and until Practical
Completion. Ensure that no mortar encroaches on face when laying. Turn back
scaffolding boards at night and during heavy rain.
25 GROUND LEVEL: Facing stonework to start not less than 150 mm below finished
level of external paving or soil except where shown otherwise.
30 CAVITY WALLS: Dress stones to give consistent thickness of leaf and ensure that
specified cavity width is maintained.
35 BONDERS: In walls which are faced both sides build in bonding stones of a length
two thirds the thickness of the wall, one to every square metre of each side of the wall
and staggered.
40 JOINTING: Finish exposed joints neatly and consistently as the work proceeds. After
the initial set has taken place, stipple joints with a stiff brush to remove laitance and
give a coarse texture.
45 ADVERSE WEATHER:
- Do not use frozen materials and do not lay on frozen surfaces.
- Do not lay stones:
- In cement gauged mortars when the air temperature is at or below 3°C.
- In hydraulic lime:sand mortars when the air temperature is at or below 5°C.
- Maintain temperature of the work above freezing until mortar has fully set.
- Protect newly erected walling against rain and snow by covering when precipitation
occurs and at all times when work is not proceeding.
- Rake out and replace mortar damaged by frost and where instructed, rebuild damaged
work.
F30 ACCESSORIES/SUNDRY ITEMS FOR BRICK/BLOCK/STONE WALLING
05 CAVITIES:
- Fill cavities with concrete up to adjoining external ground level maintaining a
minimum of 150 mm between top of fill and general ground level dpc. Concrete mix
to BS 5328, Designated mix GEN1 or Standard mix ST2, high workability.
- Clean off surplus mortar from joints on cavity faces as the work proceeds. Keep
cavities, ties and dpcs free from mortar and debris with laths or other suitable means.
08 WEEP HOLES:
- Form with plastics perpend at not greater than 1000 mm centres immediately above
base of cavity, external openings and stepped dpcs. Provide not less than two weep
holes over openings.
10 FULL FILL CAVITY INSULATION FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS:

- Insulation: granulated blown non-combustubke mineral fibre, Agrément certified for
use in all exposures.
Manufacturer and reference: as approved
- Insulation to be installed by approved installer in accordance with the Agrément
certificate.
12 PARTIAL FILL CAVITY INSULATION:

- Insulation: high performance polyurethane insulation boards
Size to suit wall tie spacings, thickness: to design.
- Fix securely to inner leaf with approved plastics clips on ties ensuring that:
– edges are not damaged and boards are close butted
– joints between boards are kept clean, dry and free from mortar and other debris
– the residual cavity is not blocked or bridged.
- Place and secure each course of insulation before building up inner leaf above level of
previous course of insulation.
15 AIR BRICKS:
To BS 493, Class 1, built in as the work proceeds.
Material/Colour/Design: clay
Work size(s): to suit surrounding wall material.
17 VENTILATION DUCTS:
- Manufacturer and reference: as approved
- Install across cavity, sloping away from inner leaf, bedding fully in mortar to seal
cavity.
26 WALL TIES FOR PARTIALLY FILLED CAVITY WALLS

Material/finish: stainless steel fitted with plastic insulation retaining clips as
recommended by manufacturers
Size(s): to suit cavity and in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
33 FIXING TIES IN MASONRY CAVITY WALLS WITH PARTIAL FILL CAVITY

INSULATION:
- Bed not less than 50 mm into bed joint of each leaf.
- Slope downwards towards outer leaf with drip centred in the cavity and pointing
downwards. Do not bend ties to suit coursing.
- Evenly space in horizontal and vertical rows (i.e. not staggered) at 750 mm centres
horizontally, and 450 mm centres vertically, unless specified otherwise.
- Space top (eaves) row of ties at 450 mm centres.
- Provide additional ties within 225 mm of reveals of unbonded openings at no more
than 300 mm centres vertically
39 WALL STARTERS/CONNECTORS:
- Manufacturer and reference: as specified and/or approved
Material and finish: stainless steel
Size(s): as specified.
- Sealant to external vertical joint: as specified.
Colour: as specified.
Prepare joint and apply sealant as section Z22.
42 JOINT REINFORCEMENT
Width: 40–50 mm less in width than wall or leaf.
- Lay on an even bed of mortar in a continuous strip with 225 mm laps at joints and full
laps at angles. Keep back 20 mm from face of external work, 12 mm back from face
of internal work and finish mortar joint to normal thickness.
46 DAMP PROOF COURSE:

Polyethylene to BS 6515.
56 PREFORMED CAVITY TRAYS:

Manufacturer: as approved
Type(s) and location(s): to suit location and design
58 PREFORMED DPC/CAVITY TRAY JUNCTION CLOAKS/STOP ENDS:

- Manufacturer: as approved
Type(s) and location(s): to suit location and design
- Seal all laps with dpcs and/or cavity trays using method recommended by
manufacturer to ensure a fully watertight installation.
62 JUNCTIONS/STOP ENDS FORMED IN SITU: Where preformed cloaks/stop ends

are not specified form three dimensional changes of shape in dpcs and/or cavity trays
carefully and neatly to ensure a fully watertight installation. Preformed cloaks/stop
ends may be used in lieu, subject to approval.
66 INSTALLATION OF HORIZONTAL DPCS:

- Lay in continuous lengths on a full even bed of fresh mortar, with 300 mm laps at
joints and full laps at angles.
- Width of dpc to be at least full width of masonry leaf. Do not cover edges of dpc with
mortar.
- Where there are separate dpcs in each leaf of a cavity wall, ensure that edges do not
project into the cavity.
- Immediately lay at least one further course of masonry on a thin even bed of fresh
mortar. Keep finished joint thickness as close to normal as practicable.
- Ensure continuity of damp proofing with polythene dpm lapped up walls up to dpc to
wall at ground level.
- Ensure that dpcs at low level in external walls are never less than 150 mm above
finished ground level.
- Sill dpcs to be in one piece and turned up at the back if the sill is in contact with any
part of the inner leaf.
- Provide rigid support for dpc in cavity walls.
68 DPCS TO PARAPET WALLS

Seal overlaps and junctions with double sided adhesive tape.
74 INSTALLATION OF VERTICAL DPCS
- Dpcs to be in one piece wherever possible; otherwise overlap by not less than 100 mm
with upper piece outermost.
- Ensure that dpcs to jambs of openings fully lap behind cavity tray/lintel at head and
over horizontal dpc at sill, project not less than 25 mm into cavity and are in full
contact with frames.
- Fix jamb dpcs to back of timber frames which are to be built in, using galvanized
clout nails or staples.
76 MOVEMENT JOINTS WITH SEALANT:

Build in as the work proceeds ensuring no projections into cavities and correct depth
of joint to receive sealant system.
Colour: to match brickwork
Prepare joints and apply sealant as section Z22.
78 MOVEMENT JOINTS WITHOUT SEALANT:

Build in as the work proceeds, completely filling the joint but without projecting into
cavities.
84 PREFABRICATED STEEL LINTELS:

- To BS 5977-2.
Material/finish: galvanized steel with integral insulation for external use.
- Bed on mortar used for adjacent work with bearing of not less than 150 mm unless
specified otherwise.
86 TILE SILLS:
- Plain clay tiles to BS EN 1304.
- Lay two courses as detailed, to break joint, fully bedded in 1:¼:3 cement:lime:sand
mortar as section Z21, with all joints filled and neatly finished flush.
88 FLUE LINING SYSTEM:

- Linings: clay/ceramic to BS EN 1457.
- Mortar: 1:2:8–9 cement:lime:sand as section Z21.
- Fully bed linings in mortar with socket or rebate uppermost and neatly finish joints
flush, to provide an unrestricted flueway with smooth interior surfaces. Fill void
between lining and surrounding work with mortar. Use correct starters, adapters,
bends, etc.
- On completion, carry out a core ball test and smoke test in the presence of the ca. If
any obstructions or leaks are revealed, submit for approval proposals for making
good.
94 FIREPLACE COMPONENTS:
To BS 1251.
96 CHIMNEY POTS:
- Manufacturer and reference: as specified and/or approved
- Bed solid in mortar specified for chimney stack.
F31 PRECAST CONCRETE SILLS/LINTELS/COPINGS/FEATURES
05 EXTERNAL EXPOSED PRECAST CONCRETE SILLS

- Concrete: To BS 5328, grade RC50 or C50.
- Reinforcement: As clause 25.
- Minimum nominal cover to reinforcement on exposed faces in the finished work: 30
mm.
- Finish: to match existing
- Other requirements: obtain approval prior to commencement of works.
25 REINFORCEMENT:
- Type of reinforcement, unless otherwise specified: To BS 4449 and/or BS 4483, cut
and bent to BS 4466.
- Fix accurately and securely. Tying wire must not encroach into the concrete cover.
Cover spacers must not be used to concrete faces which will be exposed in the
finished work.
40 LAYING:
- Unless specified otherwise, lay components on a full bed of mortar used for adjacent
work.
- Leave bed joints to one piece sills/thresholds open except under end bearings. On
completion point with mortar to match adjacent work.
- Faces which will be exposed to view in the finished work to be kept clean with no
mortar encroachment.
G12 ISOLATED STRUCTURAL METAL MEMBERS
10 FABRICATION OF MEMBERS:
- Steel sections: To BS 4-1, BS EN 10055, BS EN 10056 or BS EN 10210, as
appropriate.
- Steel: To BS EN 10025, grade S275.
- Surface condition: Free from heavy pitting and rust, burrs, sharp edges and flame
cutting dross.
- Cuts and holes: Form neatly and accurately.
- Welding: Metal arc method to BS EN 1011-2.
- Welded joints: Fully fused, with mechanical properties not less than those of the
parent metal.
- Site welding: Not allowed without permission.
20 SHOP PRIMING
- Preparation: Remove loose scale and rust, burrs, fins, sharp edges and weld spatter.
Clean out crevices. Thoroughly degrease and rinse with clean water. Allow to dry.
- Primer: Zinc phosphate modified alkyd.
- Application: Apply one full coat within 8 hours of cleaning surfaces, free from
runs and sags.
40 INSTALLATION
- Accuracy: Position members true to line and level. If necessary, use steel packs of
sufficient area to allow full transfer of loads to bearing surfaces.
- Fixing: Use washers under bolt heads and nuts.
- Tapered washers: Provide under bolt heads and nuts bearing on sloping surfaces.
Match taper to slope angle and align correctly.
G20 CARPENTRY/TIMBER FRAMING/FIRST FIXING
05 GRADED SOFTWOOD FOR JOISTS, PURLINS, RAFTERS ETC.

- Grading standard: To BS 4978 or BS EN 519 or other national equivalent and so
marked.
- Timber of a target thickness less than 100 mm and not specified for wet exposure:
Graded at an average moisture content not exceeding 20% with no reading being in
excess of 24% and clearly marked as ‘DRY’ or ‘KD’ (kiln dried).
- Timber graded undried (green) and specified for installation at higher moisture
contents: Clearly marked as ‘WET’ or ‘GRN’.
- Strength class to BS EN 338: C16 or 24.
- Treatment:
- Standard: To NBS section Z12 and British Wood Preserving and Damp-proofing
Association Commodity Specification C8.
- Type: Type B (humidity resistant).
10 UNGRADED SOFTWOOD FOR INTERNAL NONSTRUCTURAL USE

- Quality of timber: Free from decay, insect attack (except pinholes borers) and with no
knots wider than half the width of the section.
- Surface finish: as specified.
- Treatment:
15 PLYWOOD FOR PIPE CASINGS AND THE LIKE

- Standard: To an approved national standard.
- Thickness: 6 mm.
- Appearance class to BS EN 635: 1 or 11.
- Bond quality to BS EN 314-2: 1 or 11.
- Finish: Sanded.
- Treatment:
20 TRUSSED RAFTERS
- Standard: Design and fabricate to BS 5268-3 and BS EN 1059.
- Manufacturer: A firm currently registered under a third party quality assurance
scheme.
- Truss system: Agrément certified
- Types/weights of roofing/insulation/ceiling materials: as specified.
- Ancillary components to be supplied by fabricator: as specified.
- Trussed rafter treatment: as specified.
- Handling and storage: Keep trussed rafters vertical.
30 SELECTION AND USE OF TIMBER

- Timber members damaged, crushed or split beyond the limits permitted by their
grading: Do not use.
- Notches and holes: Position in relation to knots or other defects such that the strength
of members will not be reduced.
- Scarf joints, finger joints and splice plates: Do not use.
35 PROCESSING TREATED TIMBER

- Cutting and machining: Maximize before treatment.
- Extensively processed timber: Retreat timber sawn lengthways, thicknessed, planed,
ploughed, etc.
- Surfaces exposed by minor cutting and drilling: Treat with two flood coats of a
solution recommended by main treatment solution manufacturer.
40 MOISTURE CONTENT
- Moisture content of timber and wood based products at time of installation: Not more
than:
- Covered in generally unheated spaces: 24%.
- Covered in generally heated spaces: 20%.
- Internal in continuously heated spaces: 20%.
45 FRAMING ANCHORS
- Fasteners: Nails not less than 30 x 3.75 mm galvanized or sherardized square twist.
- Fixing: Fix anchors securely using not less than the number of nails recommended by
anchor manufacturer.
50 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTS
- Provision: Where not shown on drawings, position and fix additional studs, noggings
or battens for appliances, fixtures, edges of sheets, etc.
- Material properties: Additional studs, noggings and battens to be of adequate size and
have the same treatment, if any, as adjacent timber supports.
55 INSTALLING JOISTS GENERALLY

- Joist centres: Equal, and not exceeding designed spacing.
- Bowed joists: Install with positive camber.
- End joists: Position about 50 mm from masonry walls.
60 INSTALLING JOISTS ON HANGERS

- Hangers: Bed directly on and hard against supporting construction. Do not use packs
or bed on mortar.
- Joists: Cut to leave not more than 6 mm gap between ends of joists and back of
hanger. Rebate joists to lie flush with underside of hangers.
- Fixing: Fix joists to hangers with a nail in every hole.
65 JOIST HANGERS
- Material/finish: galvanised steel sheet.
- Size: To suit joist, design load and crushing strength of supporting construction.
70 TRIMMING OPENINGS
- Trimmers and trimming joists: Not less than 25 mm wider than general joists.
75 TRUSSED RAFTERS
- Inspection: Carefully inspect each truss before erection to ensure compliance with
shop drawings and specification.
- Erection: To BS 5268-3, clause 9.3 and TRA site installation guide.
- Trusses generally: Do not modify without approval.
- Damaged trusses: Do not use.
- Fixing: Fix securely with galvanized or stainless steel truss clips ensuring that bottom
chords of standard trusses and rafters of raised tie trusses bear fully on wall plates.
Use 32 x 3.5 mm galvanized or sherardized square twisted nails in every hole.
- Bottom chords of standard trusses: Do not fix to internal walls until roofing is
complete and cisterns are installed and filled.
80 PERMANENT BRACING OF TRUSSED RAFTERS

- Fixing: Fix bracing and binders to every rafter, strut or tie with not less than two 75 x
3.35 mm galvanized round wire nails.
- Lap joints: Extend over and nail to at least two truss members.
85 VERTICAL RESTRAINT STRAPS

- Material/finish: Stainless steel.
- Size:
- Cross section: Not less than 30 x 2.5 mm.
- Length: Not less than 1m, as specified as specified.
- Centres: Position at centres.
- Fixing: Fix securely to timber plate with not less than two 30 x 3.75 mm galvanized or
sheradized nails and to masonry with 50 mm x 12 gauge sheradized screws evenly
spaced. Locate at least one screw within 150 mm of the bottom end of each strap.
90 LATERAL RESTRAINT STRAPS:

- Material/finish: Stainless steel.
- Size: Not less than 30 x 5 mm cross section, 150 mm cranked end.
- Fixing: Fix straps to top of joists/rafters/ties at centres as specified and as shown on
drawings.
- Ensure that cranked end is in tight contact with cavity face of wall inner leaf and is
not pointing upwards.
- Straps spanning joists/rafters/ties running parallel to wall: Fix noggings and packs
tightly beneath straps.
- Size of noggings and packs: Not less than three quarters of joist/rafters/tie depth
and not less than 38 mm thick.
- Notching: Notch joists so that straps fit flush with surface. Do not notch
rafters/ties.
- Fasteners: Not less than four 50 mm x 8 gauge sherardized countersunk screws per
strap, evenly spread.
95 STRUTTING:
- Type: One of the following:
- Herringbone strutting: At least 38 x 38 mm softwood.
- Solid strutting: At least 38 mm thick softwood and at least three quarters of joist
depth.
- Proprietary metal strutting.
- Fixing: Fix strutting between joists as follows:
- Joist spans of 2.5 to 4.5 m: One row at centre span.
- Joist spans over 4.5 m: Two rows equally spaced.
- Strutting must not project beyond top and bottom edges of joists.
- Outer joists: Block solidly to perimeter walls.
97 EAVES SOFFIT VENTILATORS:

- Airway: Provide the equivalent of a continuous opening of not less than 10 mm for
full length of eaves and in accordance with the Building Regulations
99 PVCU FASCIAS/BARGES/SOFFITS/WEATHER BOARDING:

- Material: PVCU 18mm thick
- Finish: Gloss
- Colour: White
- Nominal depth: 200mm
- Accessories: soffit ventilators.
- Other requirements: Fascia board grooved for soffit board, all jointing pieces,
trims, corner joints, board end mouldings etc, to be supplied by same
manufacturer.
- Provide additional support at joints.
- Fixings: As recommended by manufacturer – minimum 2 x 50 mm plastic headed
stainless steel nails not exceeding 600mm centres.
- Installer: A contractor approved by the system manufacturer.
H20 RIGID SHEET CLADDING
30 TIMBER BATTENS:
- Dry regularized softwood free from decay and insect attack (except ambrosia beetle
damage).
- Preservative treatment: CCA as section Z12 and British Wood Preserving and Damp-
proofing Association Commodity Specification C8.
50 FIXING SHEETS:
- Set out sheets with joints accurately aligned, of constant width and parallel to
perimeter edges.
- Securely fix sheets to supports without distortion and true to line and level.
- Fasteners to be evenly spaced in straight lines, in pairs across joints and sufficient
distance from edge of sheet to prevent damage.
- Exposed fasteners to be sealed with plastic washers and caps to match sheet or in
accordance with sheet manufacturer’s recommendations.
- Protect sheets from dirt, stains and damage until Practical Completion.
60 COVER STRIPS:
- Form straight runs in single lengths wherever possible. Location and method of
forming running joints to be submitted to the CA where not detailed.
H30 FIBRE CEMENT PROFILED SHEET CLADDING
70 FIXING GENERALLY:
- Cut sheets to give clean true lines.
- Lay sheets with exposed joints of side laps away from prevailing wind unless shown
otherwise on drawings. Lay verge sheets terminating with a crown.
- Ensure that ends of sheets and end laps are fully supported, with fixings at top of lap.
Ensure that raking cut edges at hips and valleys are fully supported.
- Drill all holes. Position at regular intervals in straight lines, centred on support
bearings. Locate fasteners centrally within holes that are oversized.
- Remove dust, etc. before fixing sheets into position.
- Check fastenings on completion and adjust as necessary to ensure that they are
watertight and sheeting is secure.
73 FIXING FIBRE CEMENT SHEETS:

- Holes for primary fastenings to be 2 mm larger than diameter of fastener, unless using
self-drilling type with wing device to create suitable clearance. Locate not less than 40
mm from edge of sheets and fittings.
- Form mitres as the work proceeds ensuring an open butt joint of 3-6 mm after fixing.
Do not use box or check mitre joints.
75 FIXING PLASTICS SHEETS:

- Crown fixing: Where primary fastenings occur in sheets with profile heights in excess
of 20 mm, support crowns of profiles with profile fillers.
- Size holes in accordance with sheet manufacturer's recommendations.
- Seal end laps between profiled sheets with two strips of sealant tape, one along each
edge of lap, to prevent future build up of dirt between sheets.
80 SEALING LAPS ON EXTERNAL SHEETS:

- Sealant tape: As recommended for the purpose by sheet manufacturer, unless
specified otherwise.
- Position in straight, unbroken lines parallel to edge of sheet. Ensure continuity and
effectiveness of seal, especially at corners and mitres of sheets. Do not overcompress.
- At end of laps, locate single line sealant tape immediately below the line of fasteners.
Second line, if specified, to be slightly set back from edge of external sheet.
- At side laps, locate single line sealant tape outside the line of fasteners. Second line, if
specified, to be located on other side of fasteners.
90 WARNING NOTICES:
- To BS 5378:Part 3 and as follows, fixed at points indicated on drawings.
- Warning sign reference A.2.4 with supplementary text sign, 'DANGER Fragile roof'.
- Mandatory sign reference A.3.1 with supplementary text sign. 'Use crawling boards'.
H60 PLAIN ROOF TILING
03 ROOF TILING TO EXISTING ROOFS

- Underlay: breathable polyethylene or polyester underfelt
- Horizontal lap (minimum): 100 mm. Vertical lap (minimum): 100 mm.
- Battens: As clause 30.
- Size: 38 x 25 mm.
- Fixing: As clause 32.
- Tiles: to match existing
- Headlap (minimum): 65 mm.
- Fixing: As clauses 35 and 37:
05 ROOF TILING TO NEW ROOFS

- Underlay: breathable polyethylene or polyester underfelt.
- Horizontal lap (minimum): 100 mm. Vertical lap (minimum): 100 mm.
- Size: 38 x25 mm.
- Tiles: precast concrete plain tiles, interlocking slates or profiled tiles with through
colouration
- Headlap (minimum): 65 mm plain tiles.
- Fixing: As clauses 35 and 37 and in accordance with manufacturer’s
recommendations.
10 VERTICAL TILING
- Horizontal lap (minimum): 100 mm.
- Battens: As clause 30. Allow sufficient fixings to carry tiling
- Fixing: As clause 35, two nails per tile in every course.
20 REMOVING EXISTING TILING

- General: Carefully remove tiles, battens, underlay, etc. with minimum disturbance of
adjacent retained tiling.
- Undamaged tiles: Set aside for reuse.
25 UNDERLAY
- Laying: Maintain consistent tautness.
- Vertical laps (minimum): 100 mm wide, coinciding with supports.
- Fixing: Galvanized steel, copper or aluminium 20 x 3.35 mm extra large head nails.
- Eaves: Where exposed, underlay must be BS 747, type 5U, or equivalent UV durable
type.
- Penetrations: Use proprietary underlay seals or cut underlay neatly.
30 BATTENS/COUNTERBATTENS
- Timber: Sawn softwood.
- Standard: BS 5534-1.
- Moisture content at time of covering (maximum): 22%.
- Preservative treatment: CCA or OS as section Z12 and BWPDA Commodity
Specification C8.
32 BATTEN FIXING
- Batten length (minimum): 1800 mm.
- Joints in length: Butt centrally on supports. Joints must not occur more than once in
any group of four battens on one support.
- Additional battens: Provide where unsupported laps in underlay occur between
battens.
35 TILE FIXING
- General: Fix tiling and accessories to make the whole sound and weathertight at the
earliest opportunity.
- Exposed fittings and accessories: To match tile colour and finish.
- Setting out: To true lines and regular appearance. Lay tiles to a half lap bond with
joints slightly open. Align tails.
- Cut tiles: Cut only where necessary, to give straight, clean edges.
- Ends of courses: Use tile and a half tiles to maintain bond and to ensure that cut tiles
are as large as possible.
- Top and bottom courses: Use eaves/tops tiles to maintain gauge.
- Perimeter tiles: Twice nail end tile in every course. Twice nail or clip two courses of
tiles at eaves and top edges.
- Fixings: As recommended by tile manufacturer.
40 MORTAR BEDDING/POINTING TO RIDGE/BARGE/HIPTILES/ETC.

- Mortar: As section Z21, 1:3 cement:sand, with plasticizing admixtures permitted.
- Bond strength: To BS 5534-1.
- Weather: Do not use in wet or frosty conditions or when imminent.
- Appearance: Finish neatly and remove residue.
42 FIRE SEPARATING WALLS

- Separating wall: Completely fill space between top of wall and underside of tiles with
mineral wool quilt to provide fire stopping. Insulation to be cut to 300mm wide pads,
cut to fit snugly between tiling battens
- Boxed eaves: Completely seal air paths in plane of separating wall with wire
reinforced mineral wool, 50 mm thick, to provide fire stopping.
- Cavity Party Walls: Fit 100mm deep mineral wool between leaves of wall
immediately below felt, close head of cavity with same.
47 EAVES
- Ventilation components: continuous abutment ventilation system.
- Underlay support:
- Continuous to prevent water retaining troughs.
- Gutter: Dress underlay or underlay support tray to form drip into gutter.
- Undercourse and first course tiles: Fix with tails projecting 50 mm over gutter or to
centre of gutter.
52 BEDDED VERGES WITH BEDDED UNDERCLOAK

- Underlay: Carry 50 mm onto outer leaf of gable wall and bed on mortar.
- Undercloak: Matching plain tiles, sloping towards verge and projecting 38 – 50 mm
beyond face of wall.
- Bedding: On mortar identical to that used in gable walling.
- Tiling battens: Carry over undercloak and finish 100 mm from verge edge.
- Verge tiles: Bed flush with undercloak on 75 mm wide bed of mortar as clause 40.
57 MORTAR BEDDED HIPS

- Underlay: Lay courses over hip. Overlap (minimum) 150 mm.
- Roof tiles: Cut and fix closely at hip.
- Hip irons: Galvanized steel to BS 5534-1, clause 2.16.1. Fix to hip rafter or hip batten
with galvanized steel screws.
- Hip tiles:
- Bedding: Continuous to edges, solid to joints, in mortar as clause 40.
- Fixing: Where rigid masonry walls support or abut hip, secure hip tiles within 900
mm of such walls with nails/wire ties or screws.
- Bottom hip tiles: Shape neatly to align with corner of eaves and fill ends with
mortar and slips of tile finished flush.
58 ARRIS HIPS
- Arris hip tiles:
- Bedding: In mortar as clause 40. Course in with roof tiling.
- Fixing: Secure with nails.
59 BONNET HIPS
- Bonnet hip tiles:
- Bedding: In mortar as clause 40, neatly struck back about 13 mm. Course in with
roof tiling. Fill ends of bottom hip tiles with mortar and tile slips finished flush.
- Fixing: Secure with nails.
70 SIDE ABUTMENTS
- Underlay: Turn up not less than 100 mm at abutments.
- Abutment tiles: Cut as necessary. Fix close to abutments.
- Soakers: Interleave and turn down over head of abutment tiles.
71 TOP EDGE ABUTMENTS

- Top course tiles: Fix close to abutments.
72 TOP EDGE VENTILATED ABUTMENTS

- Underlay: Provide air gap at abutment as recommended by ventilator manufacturer.
- Abutment ventilator:
- Fixing: As recommended by manufacturer.
75 DRY VENTILATED RIDGES

- Underlay: Lay top courses to provide an air gap at apex.
80 DRY VENTILATED MONO-RIDGES

- Underlay: Provide air gap at apex.
- Dry mono-ridge tiles:
86 VENTILATOR TILES
- Ventilator tiles:
- Positions: as specified and required by design.
90 VERTICAL TILING BOTTOM EDGES

- Tiling base work: Fix timber tilting fillet to support bottom course of tiles in correct
vertical plane. Fix flashing to tilting fillet.
- Underlay: Dress over flashing.
- Undercourse and bottom course tiles: Fix with tails neatly aligned.
91 VERTICAL TILING TOP EDGES

- Top course tiles: Fix under abutment and make weathertight with flashing dressed
down not less than 150 mm.
92 VERTICAL TILING SIDE ABUTMENTS

- Tiling base work: Chase abutment wall and insert metal stepped flashing.
- Flashing: Return not less than 75 mm behind tiling, overlapping underlay and
battens, turn back to form a vertical welt.
- Abutment tiles: Cut and fix neatly.
93 VERTICAL TILING ANGLES WITH ANGLE TILES:

- Angle tiles: Fix right and left hand in alternate courses to break bond.
- Adjacent tiles: Cut and fix neatly.
H65 SINGLE LAP ROOF TILING
03 ROOF TILING TO EXISTING ROOFS

- Horizontal lap (minimum): 100mm.
- Size: 38 x 25 mm.
- Headlap (minimum): as manufacturer’s recommendations.
- Fixing: As clauses 35 and 37:
20 REMOVING EXISTING TILING

- General: Carefully remove tiles, battens, underlay, etc. with minimum disturbance of
adjacent retained tiling.
- Undamaged tiles: Set aside for reuse.
25 UNDERLAY
- Laying: Maintain consistent tautness.
- Vertical laps (minimum): 100 mm wide, coinciding with supports.
- Fixing: Galvanized steel, copper or aluminium felt nails.
- Eaves: Where exposed, underlay must be BS 747, type 5U, or equivalent UV durable
type.
- Penetrations: Use proprietary underlay seals or cut underlay neatly.
30 BATTENS/ COUNTERBATTENS
- Timber: Sawn softwood.
- Moisture content at time of covering (maximum): 22%.
- Preservative treatment: CCA or OS as section Z12 and BWPDA Commodity
Specification C8.
32 BATTEN FIXING
- Batten length (minimum): 1200 mm.
- Joints in length: Butt centrally on supports. Joints must not occur more than once in
any group of four battens on one support.
- Additional battens: Provide where unsupported laps in underlay occur between
battens.
35 TILE FIXING
- General: Fix tiling and accessories to make the whole sound and weathertight at the
earliest opportunity.
- Setting out: To true lines and regular appearance. Align tails.
- Ends of courses: Use special tiles to maintain bond and to ensure that cut tiles are as
large as possible.
- Perimeter tiles: Fix tiles in eaves and top courses, and at verges, abutments and each
side of valleys and hips.
- Fixings: As recommended by tile manufacturer.
37 LOCAL AND GENERAL FIXING AREAS

- Definitions:
- Local areas: Bands of tiling around all edges or obstructions of each plane of the
roof. Calculate extent of each band in accordance with BS 5534-1, section 3.
- General areas: Remaining areas of roof tiling.
40 MORTAR BEDDING/ POINTING
- Mortar: As section Z21, 1:3 cement:sand, with plasticizing admixtures permitted.
- Bond strength: To BS 5534-1.
- Weather: Do not use in wet or frosty conditions or when imminent.
- Appearance: Finish neatly and remove residue.
42 FIRE SEPARATING WALLS

- Separating walls: Completely fill space between top of wall and underside of tiles
with mineral wool quilt to provide fire stopping.
- Boxed eaves: Completely seal air paths in plane of separating wall with wire
reinforced mineral wool, 50 mm thick, to provide fire stopping.
47 EAVES
- Underlay support: as specified.
- Continuous to prevent water retaining troughs.
- Gutter: Dress underlay or underlay support tray to form drip into gutter.
- Eaves filler units for profiled tiles: Fix to close underside of first course tiles.
- First course tiles: Fix with tails projecting 50 mm over gutter or to centre of gutter.
50 DRY VERGES
- Underlay: Carry over full width of verge.
- Tiling battens: Carry over underlay and project as recommended by dry verge
Manufacturer.
52 BEDDED VERGES WITH BEDDED UNDERCLOAK

- Underlay: Carry 50 mm onto outer leaf of gable wall and bed on mortar.
- Undercloak: Fibre cement sheet, sloping towards verge and projecting 38 - 50 mm
beyond face of wall.
- Bedding: On mortar identical to that used in gable walling.
- Tiling battens: Carry over undercloak and finish 100 mm from verge edge.
- Verge clips: Fix to every tiling batten.
- Verge tiles: Bed flush with undercloak on 75 mm wide bed of mortar as clause 40.
55 DRY HIPS
- Underlay: Lay courses over hip. Overlaps (minimum) 150 mm.
56 MITRED HIPS
- Mitred tiles: Cut double and tile and a half tiles and fix to a neat mitre through
weathering unit supplied by tile manufacturer.
57 MORTAR BEDDED HIPS

- Underlay: Lay courses over hip. Overlaps (minimum) 150 mm.
- Hip irons: Galvanized steel to BS 5534-1, clause 2.16.1. Fix to hip rafter or hip batten
with galvanized steel screws.
- Hip tiles:
- Fixing: Where rigid masonry walls support or abut hip, secure hip tiles within 900
mm of such walls with nails/wire ties or screws.
- Bottom hip tiles: Shape neatly to align with corner of eaves and fill ends with
mortar and slips of tile finished flush.
67 TROUGH VALLEYS
- Underlay: Lay strips not less than 600 mm wide centred on valleys. Overlap with
general roof underlay.
- Valley battens: Fix to raise tiling battens and lift roof tiles clear of trough tiles.
- Valley trough tiles:
- Roof tiles: Cut adjacent tiles to fit neatly.
- Bedding: On mortar as clause 40 on fibre cement undercloaks laid loose each side
of valleys. Keep trough tile interlocks and channels free of mortar.
70 SIDE ABUTMENTS
- Abutment tiles: Cut as necessary. Fix close to abutments.
71 TOP EDGE ABUTMENTS

- Top course tiles: Fix close to abutments.
72 TOP EDGE VENTILATED ABUTMENTS

- Underlay: Provide air gap at abutment as recommended by ventilator manufacturer.
- Abutment ventilator:
75 DRY VENTILATED RIDGES

76 DRY RIDGES
- Underlay: Lay courses over ridge. Overlap (minimum) 150 mm.
77 MORTAR BEDDED RIDGES

- Underlay: Lay courses over ridge. Overlap (minimum) 150 mm.
- Ridge tiles:
- Fixing: Where rigid masonry walls support or abut ridge, secure ridge tiles within
900 mm of such walls with nails/ wire ties or screws.
- Gable end ridge tiles: Fill ends with mortar and slips of tiles finished flush.
80 DRY VENTILATED MONO-RIDGES

81 DRY MONO-RIDGES
- Underlay: Lay not less than 150 mm over mono-ridge.
82 MORTAR BEDDED MONO-RIDGES

- Underlay: Lay not less than 150 mm over mono-ridge.
- Mono-ridge tiles:
- Bedding: Continuous to sloping edges, solid to joints, in mortar as clause 40.
- Fixing: Secure vertical faces to ridge fixing battens with screws/ nails.
- Gable end mono-ridge tiles: Fill ends with mortar finished flush.
86 VENTILATOR TILES
- Ventilator tiles:
- Positions: as specified and required by design.
H71 LEAD SHEET COVERINGS/FLASHINGS
10 GUTTER LININGS:
- Underlay: Waterproof building paper to BS 1521, class A.
- Lead: Code 4
- Cross Joints: in accordance with Lead Sheet Association recommendations.
- Spacing: in accordance with Lead Sheet Association recommendations.
- Outlets: to design.
15 PITCHED VALLEY LININGS:

- Lining: Code 4 lead in lengths not exceeding 1500 mm and with laps in accordance
with Lead Development Association recommendations
- Fixing: Dress over, and beyond, tilting fillets and welt edges. Nail top edge of each
sheet. Dress bottom edge neatly into gutter.
20 MISCELLANEOUS WEATHERINGS
- Lead: Code 4
- Fixing: in accordance with Lead Sheet Association recommendations
25 RIDGE/HIP ROLLS TO LEAD ROOFS:

- Core: Rounded timber, 70 x 45 mm tapering to a flat base 30 mm wide. Fix with brass
or stainless steel screws at 600 mm centres.
- Capping: Lead of the same code as the roof, in lengths not exceeding roof sheet
lengths. Intersections with roof rolls to be leadwelded.
Laps: Not less than 150 mm for ridges, 100 mm for hips.
Cover: Dress roofing sheets up roll. Extend wings of capping not less than 75 mm on
to roof.
- Fixing: Nail underlapping ends and secure wings with copper or stainless steel clips
(clause) 80 at roofing bay centres and laps.
27 SOAKERS FOR MITRED HIPS:

- Lead: Code 3 cut and dressed to shape for fixing by roofer.
- Length: Slate/tile gauge + lap + 25 mm.
- Underlap: in accordance with Lead Sheet Association recommendations
30 APRON FLASHINGS
- Lead: Code 4 in lengths not exceeding 1500 mm.
- End to end joints: Laps of not less than 100 mm.
- Upstand not less than 75 mm.
- Cover to abutment: in accordance with Lead Sheet Association recommendations
- Fixing: Lead wedges into bed joint and lead clips to bottom edge at laps and 300 mm
centres.
35 COVER FLASHINGS:
- Cover: Overlap to upstand of not less than 75 mm.
- Fixing: Lead wedges into bed joint and lead clips to bottom edge at laps and 300 mm
centres.
41 SOAKERS AND STEP FLASHINGS:

- Soakers:
Lead: Code 3 cut and dressed to shape for fixing by roofer.
Dimensions:
Length: Slate/tile gauge + lap + 25 mm.
Upstand: Not less than 75 mm.
Underlap: Not less than 100 mm.
- Step flashings:
Lead: Code 4 in accordance with Lead Sheet Association recommendations
End to end joints: Laps of not less than 100 mm.
Cover: Overlap to soaker upstands of not less than 65 mm.
Fixing: Lead wedges at every course.
45 STEP AND COVER FLASHINGS:

- Dimensions:
Cover to roof: Not less than 150 mm.
- Fixing: Lead wedges at every course and lead clips at
300 mm centres along free edge.
52 CHIMNEY FLASHINGS:
- Front apron: Lead code 4.
Length: Width of chimney plus not less than 150 mm underlap to each side flashing.
Cover to roof: in accordance with Lead Sheet Association recommendations
Fixing: Lead wedges into bed joint.
- Back gutter: Lead code 4.
Length: Width of chimney plus not less than 100 mm overlap to each side flashing.
Gutter Sole: Not less than 150 mm.
Cover up roof: Not less than 225 mm.
- Back gutter cover flashing: Lead code 4.
Length: Width of chimney plus not less than 100 mm overlap to each side flashing.
Cover: Overlap to back gutter upstand of not less than 75 mm.
Fixing: Lead wedges into bed joint.
60 MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP GENERALLY:

- Lead sheet: To BS EN 12588, or Agrément certified machine cast, colour marked for
thickness and weight.
- Cut, joint and dress lead neatly and accurately, to provide fully waterproof
coverings/flashings, free from ripples, kinks, buckling and cracks.
- Comply with BS 6915 and good practice as described in the latest editions of ‘The
Lead Sheet Manual’ published by the Lead Sheet Association, unless agreed
otherwise.
- Do not use scribers or other sharp instruments to mark out lead and use solder only
where specified.
- Ensure that finished leadwork is fully supported, adequately fixed to resist wind uplift
but also able to accommodate thermal movement without distortion or stress.
- Finishing: Apply to all visible lead a smear coating of patination oil, evenly in one
direction and in dry conditions.
62 IN SITU LEADWELDING will not be permitted.

65 EXISTING LEAD TO BE REMOVED will become the property of the contractor.
The scrap value of such lead must be estimated by the contractor, itemised separately
in the tender, and set against the tender sum.
70 REPLACEMENT OF EXISTING LEAD must be carried out in small sections at a

time to reduce the risk of weather damage. Provide temporary waterproof coverings to
prevent damage to the existing base and building.
75 TIMBER FOR USE WITH LEADWORK:

- Planed, free from wane, pitch pockets, decay and insect attack except pinhole borers.
- Moisture content: Not more than 22% at time of covering.
Inform CA if moisture content greater than 16%.
- Preservative treatment: CCA as section Z12 and BWPDA Commodity Specification
C8.
76 UNDERLAY:
- Handle carefully to prevent tears and punctures.
- Lay on dry base in strips across fall of roof, lapped and fixed in position with copper
or stainless steel staples or clout nails.
- Do not lay over roof edges but do turn up at abutments.
- Wood core rolls, where used, must be fitted over the underlay.
- Keep underlay dry and cover with lead at the earliest opportunity.
78 FIXING LEAD SHEET:

- Where not specified otherwise, secure top edge of lead with two rows of fixings, 25
and 50 mm from edge.
- Fix into timber substrates with copper clout nails to BS1202-2, not less than 20 mm
long, or stainless steel (austenitic) clout nails, not less than 19 mm long.
- Fix into concrete or masonry substrates with brass or stainless steel screws to BS
1210, not less than 19 mm long, with washers and plastics plugs.
80 CLIPS:
- Generally 50 mm wide where not specified to be continuous, length to suit detail.
- Lead: Cut from sheets of the same code as the sheet being secured, or
- Copper: Cut from 0.7 mm thick sheet to BS EN 1172, temper R220 (soft) or R240
(half hard) depending on position, dipped in solder if exposed to view, or
- Stainless steel: Cut from 0.38 mm sheet to BS EN 10088, grade 1.4301(304), terne
coated if exposed to view.
- Fix with two fastenings not more than 50 mm from edge of lead sheet. Clips welted
around edges of sheets to be turned over 25 mm.
82 WOOD CORED ROLL JOINTS WITH SPLASH LAP:

- Core: Rounded timber, 45 x 45 mm tapering to a flat base 25 mm wide. Fix with brass
or stainless steel screws at 300 mm centres.
- Dress undercloak three quarters around core and fix with nails at 150 mm centres one
third the length of the panel starting from the head of the sheet.
- Dress overcloak around core and extend on to main surface to form a 40 mm splash
lap.
84 WELTED JOINTS:
- Form with a 50 mm overlap, 25 mm underlap and copper or stainless steel clips
(clause 80) at 450 mm centres.
- Welt overlap and clips around underlap, loosely turn over and lightly dress down.
90 WEDGE FIXING INTO JOINTS/CHASES:

- Carefully rake out joint/chase to a depth of not less than 25 mm.
- Dress lead into joint/chase and fix with lead wedges at not more than 450 mm centres,
at every change of direction and with at least two for each piece of lead.
- Prepare joint/chase and apply sealant as section Z22.
95 WEDGE FIXING INTO DAMP PROOF COURSE JOINTS:

- Carefully rake/cut out joint under damp proof course to a depth of not less than 25
mm.
- Dress lead into joint and fix with lead wedges at not more than 450 mm centres, at
every change of direction and with at least two for each piece of lead.
- Prepare joint and apply sealant as section Z22.
J21 MASTIC ASPHALT ROOFING/FINISHES
25 ROOFING GENERALLY
- Lay roof covering to provide a secure, free draining and completely weathertight roof.
- Ancillary products and accessories, where not specified, to be types recommended for
the purpose by the asphalt manufacturer.
- Provide temporary covers and drainage as required to keep unfinished areas of the
roof dry.
- Protect edges of phased roofing with temporary asphalt kerbs, fully sealed to base.
- Protect daywork joints in warm deck roofs with a lapped and fully bonded strip of BS
747, Type 5B felt or equivalent.
30 RENEWING EXISTING ASPHALT

- Agree with CA the extent of area(s) to be renewed.
- Remove, renew and waterproof each area on the same day, unless agreed otherwise
with the CA.
- Adequately protect existing and new area(s) of roof against damage during execution
of the work.
- Where removal results in accidental damage to existing elements which are to remain,
agree proposed repair or replacement with the CA.
35 MAKING GOOD EXISTING ASPHALT:

- Remove existing surface protection and clear roof of all dust, dirt, moss and grease.
- Remove defective areas of asphalt where instructed, using hot poultices. Cut at a
shallow angle and remove with a trowel. Do not use hammers, chisels, etc. to remove
asphalt.
- Ensure base is dry and make good separating membrane. Patch repair level with
existing surface with two coats of asphalt, the top coat being lapped not less than 75
mm on to existing asphalt and to half its depth.
40 TIMBER FOR TRIMS, ETC:

- Preservative treatment: CCA as British Wood Preserving and Damp-proofing
- Fix with sherardized steel screws at not more than 600 mm centres.
45 KEYING TO BRICKWORK/DENSE BLOCKWORK: Apply a high-bond primer
recommended for the purpose by the mastic asphalt manufacturer.
50 KEYING TO VERTICAL/SLOPING SURFACES

- Loose lay black sheathing felt to BS 747, Type 4A with 50 mm laps.
- Overlay with bitumen coated, plain expanded steel lathing, 6-10 mm short way of
mesh, not less than 0.5 mm thickness, with long side of diamond across slope, pitch of
horizontal strands inclined upwards and butt jointed to continue mesh pattern.
- Fix with galvanized or stainless steel staples or large head nails at not more than 150
mm centres in both directions. Fix edges and stitch butt joints at 75 mm centres.
55 JOINTS IN RIGID SHEET BASES: Lay at 150 mm wide strip of felt, BS 747 type
5U, centrally over joints and adhere to base with bonding compound along edges
only.
60 LAYING THE VAPOUR CONTROL LAYER: Lay sheets with fully bonded 50 mm
side and 75 mm end laps. Carry up vertically at upstands and trim level wtih first layer
of asphalt or turn back over insulation and seal down before separating membrane is
laid. Fully seal at penetrations by bonding or taping.
65 BONDING OF VAPOUR CONTROL LAYER: Lay sheets other than torch on type
on a continuous even coating of hot bonding compound by the pour and roll method.
Other methods will be permitted only where this is not practicable. Ensure that there
is a full bond over the whole surface, with no air pockets.
70 WARM DECK INSULATION/OVERLAY:

- Lay boards with long edges fully supported and running at right angles to structure,
close butted with staggered end joints and in a full bed of bonding compound.
- Set boards 25-30 mm back from walls, upstands pipes and other projections and fill
with material compatible with insulation.
- On completion of laying ensure that boards are in good condition, well fitting with no
springing or rocking.
75 SEPARATING LAYER: Black sheathing felt to BS 747, type 4A. Loose lay with 75
mm laps immediately prior to laying asphalt.
80 APPLICATION OF ASPHALT:
- Unless specified otherwise, lay roof covering in accordance with BS 8218 to provide a
secure, free draining and completely weathertight roof.
- Remelt in mechanically agitated mixers and do not heat to more that 230 degC.
- Apply each coat to even thickness free from imperfections and crazing. Apply
successive coats without delay and within the same working period. Maintain full
thickness at angles.
- Ensure complete fusion of asphalt at all joints to give a continuous watertight
membrane. Clean and heat edges by poulticing. Discard poultices and cut away edges
before jointing. Do not use torching.
- Stagger junctions of bays in successive coats by not less than 150 mm.
- Pierce any blows and make good affected areas while asphalt is still at working
temperature.
- Form 45 deg solid fillets in two layers at all internal angles, fully fused to asphalt
coating and not less than 40 mm wide.
- Turn asphalt into splayed chase at top edge of skirtings and vertical work. Splay top
surface to shed water.
- Form watertight joints around penetrations.
- Finish asphalt to a smooth flat surface, free from lipping, pitting and other
imperfections. Rub horizontal surfaces while still warm with clean, coarse sand from
natural deposits, passing to 600 micron sieve and retained on a 210 micron sieve.
90 PAVING TILES:
Tiles: to match existing.
- Where required by tile manufacturer prime contact surfaces and allow to dry.
- Apply sufficient bitumen bonding compound to fully bed tiles but avoid excess
compound being squeezed over face of tiles.
- Lay tiles with 3 mm joints and expansion gaps at 3 m intervals. Do not foul expansion
or drainage gaps with bonding compound.
- Stop tiles 75 mm short of angle fillets at upstands.
95 CHIPPINGS:
- Pea gravel or crushed rock not less than 10 mm nominal size graded as 'Single sized
aggregate for asphalt roofing', light coloured to approval.
- Ensure that gravel guards are fitted to all outlets.
- Evenly pour a hot or cold application dressing compound to BS 3690:Part 1 at 1.5
kg/sq m and scatter chippings at approximately 16 kg/sq m.
- On completion remove loose chippings without exposing the asphalt.
J30 LIQUID APPLIED DAMP PROOF MEMBRANES
- Apply all damp proofing systems in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.
- Ensure that all holes, cracks, defective joints and other defects in surfaces to be coated
have been made good. Remove dirt, laitance, grease, rust and loose material.
- Primer, if specified, to be brushed well in, ensuring complete coverage. Allow to dry
thoroughly before applying coating.
- Apply coatings to clean, dry surfaces, to give a uniform, continuous film. Do not
allow to pool in hollows.
- Coatings must adhere firmly and be free from defects likely to permit the passage of
water.
- Prevent damage and apply final covering as soon as possible after coating has
hardened.
60 JUNCTIONS WITH DPCS:

- Before applying coating, ensure that edges of dpcs to which coating must be joined
are fully exposed and free from mortar, debris, dust and other contaminants.
- Ensure full contact of coating with dpc, applying liberally to adjacent surfaces and
extending 50 mm beyond, unless detailed otherwise.
70 BLIND coatings as specified whilst still tacky. Brush away surplus material when
coatings are completely dry.
J40 FLEXIBLE SHEET DAMP PROOFING
10 HARDCORE BEDS: Blind with 12 mm of soft sand and consolidate to provide a

smooth bed free of sharp projections.
15 VENTING HARDCORE BEDS: Blind with stiff weak mix concrete to BS 5328,
Designated mix GEN 1 or Standard mix ST2, 50 mm thick. Finish with a wood float
to give a smooth surface.
TYPE(S) OF DAMP PROOFING
20 POLYETHYLENE DAMP PROOF MEMBRANE:

To PIFA Standard 6/83A or Agrément certified.
Thickness: 250 micrometres (1200 gauge)
- Lay neatly and tuck well into angles to prevent bridging and creasing.
- Form folded welts at corners in upstands.
- Joint sheets with continuous strips of mastic between 150 mm overlaps and seal with
tape along the edge of the upper sheet, leaving no gaps. Ensure that sheets are clean
and dry at time of jointing. Mastic and tape to be types recommended by sheet
manufacturer.
- If sheets cannot be kept dry, double welted joints may be used, taped to hold in
position prior to laying concrete.
30 POLYETHYLENE OVERSITE DAMP PROOF MEMBRANE:

To PIFA Standard 6/83A or Agrément certified.
Thickness: 250 micrometres (1200 gauge)
- Lay sheets neatly with edges lapped 300 mm. Fit closely against surrounding and
intermediate walls and around service entries.
- Immediately after laying, cover with weak mix concrete to BS 5328, Designated Mix
GEN 1 or Standard Mix ST2, not less than 50 mm thick.
40 SELF-ADHESIVE BITUMEN DAMP PROOF MEMBRANE/TANKING: A type

currently certified by the British Board of Agrément as suitable for the purpose and
laid in accordance with the certificate.
WORKMANSHIP
- Ensure that surfaces to be covered are clean, dry, smooth and free from voids, sharp
protrusions and frost.
- Apply materials carefully to provide a completely impervious, continuous membrane.
- Where pipes, ducts, cables, etc. pass through sheeting, make junctions completely
impervious by forming collars fully bonded/sealed to both pipes and sheeting.
- Protect finished sheeting adequately to prevent puncturing.
- Immediately prior to covering with permanent overlying construction check for
damage and repair as necessary.
60 JUNCTIONS WITH DPCS/CAVITY TRAYS:

- Thoroughly clean away all mortar, debris and dirt from vicinity of dpcs, including any
projecting portions of dpcs.
- Dpcs which project from the wall: Fully lap and fully bond/seal sheeting to dpc
projection using bonding compound or mastic tape.
- Dpcs which do not project from the wall: Extend sheeting 50 mm past dpc and fully
bond to wall using bonding compound or mastic tape.
70 PROTECTION OF EXTERNAL VERTICAL TANKING: Cover tanking against
which backfill will be placed with 12 mm bitumen impregnated fibreboard. Provide
support as necessary to ensure boards remain fully in contact with tanking during
backfilling.
J41 BUILT-UP FELT ROOF COVERINGS
10 WARM DECK ROOF COVERING:

- Base: existing roof construction
- Insulation: lightweight non-combustible mineral fibre rigid insulating board
Thickness: to design or to latest building regulations
Laying: As clause 45.
- Waterproof covering:
Manufacturer: Three layer high performance elastomeric felt, Agrément certified.
Laying: As clause 50.
- Surface protection: green mineralised finish
- Accessories: include for removal, cleaning and refixing all outlets, gratings and edge
trims unless instructed to renew.
15 ROOFING GENERALLY:
- Lay the full roof covering in accordance with BS 8217 to provide a secure, free
draining and completely weathertight roof.
- Ancillary products and accessories, where not specified, to be types recommended for
the purpose by the felt manufacturer.
- Store felt indoors in reasonably warm conditions until immediately before use.
- Provide temporary covers and drainage as required to keep unfinished areas of the
roof dry.
- Protect daywork joints in warm deck roofs with a lapped and fully bonded strip of top
layer felt.
20 RENEWING EXISTING COVERINGS:

- Agree with the CA the extent of the area(s) to be renewed.
- Remove, renew and waterproof each area on the same day, unless agreed otherwise
with the CA.
- Adequately protect existing and new area(s) of roof against damage during the
execution of the work.
- Where removal results in accidental damage to existing elements which are to remain,
agree proposed repair or replacement with the CA.
25 MAKING GOOD EXISTING FELT:

- Remove existing surface covering and clear roof of all dust, dirt, debris, moss and
grease.
- Star cut blisters, dry out and rebond.
- Cut out defective areas of felt where instructed, dry out base and patch level with
existing finish with two layers of matching felt lapped 100 mm on to under layers.
- Cut back to base 150 mm width of felt over cracks and splits, dry out and insert 150
mm strip of polyester felt bonded to base at edges only. Fully bond a further layer of
polyester felt lapping 100 mm onto existing felt at each edge.
30 TIMBER FOR TRIMS, ETC:

- Preservative treatment: CCA as British Wood Preserving Association Commodity
Specification C8.
- Fix with sherardized screws at not more than 600 mm centres.
35 PLYWOOD/CHIPBOARD: Cover joints between sheets with a 150 mm wide strip of

felt, BS 747 type 5U, centrally over joints and adhere to base with bonding compound
along edges only.
40 VAPOUR CONTROL LAYER:
- Attachment: as recommended by manufacturer.
- Lay sheets with fully bonded 50 mm side and 75 mm end laps. Leave adequate free
edge for sealing perimeter of insulation.
- Fully seal at penetrations using bonding or taping methods recommended by the
manufacturer.
- Dress vapour control layer up at all exposed edges to provide an adequate seal when
overlapped by roof covering and to form a complete envelope around insulation.
45 WARM DECK INSULATION:

- Lay boards with long edges fully supported and running at right angles to structure,
lightly butted with staggered end joints and in a full bed of bonding compound.
- Mechanical fixing: as recommended by manufacturer.
- On completion of laying ensure that boards are in good condition, well fitting and
with no springing or rocking.
50 LAYING FELT GENERALLY:

- Unless specified otherwise lay sheets on hot bonding compound, ensuring a full bond
with no air pockets. Remove any excess compound at laps of top layers.
- Lay torch-on felt using equipment and methods recommended by the sheet
manufacturer. Leave a continuous bead of compound at laps of top layers.
- Lay with not less than 50 mm side and 75 mm end laps, ensuring that water will drain
over and not into laps.
- Break bond with side laps staggered by one third sheet width in three layer coverings.
Apply successive layers with minimum delay, ensuring that moisture is not trapped.
- Form details with adequate overlapping, staggering of laps and full bonding so that
they are waterproof.
55 NAILING: Fix felt to timber base with galvanized extra large head felt or clout nails
to BS 1202, 20 mm long:
- at 50 mm centres to perimeter of roof area(s) and along centres of laps
- at 150 mm staggered centres over area of sheets.
60 PARTIAL BONDING: Loose lay the specified venting base layer to roof surfaces, but
do not carry up angle fillets and vertical surfaces or through details.
70 UPSTANDS INCLUDING SKIRTINGS:

- Angle fillets: not less than 75 mm x 75 mm.
- Form upstands at ends of rolls by carrying felt up without using separate strip.
Elsewhere use matching strips of felt, maintaining the specified laps.
- Carry all layers in staggered formation up the upstand, fully bonding each layer.
Where practicable carry top layer over top of upstand.
- Where venting base layer felt is specified, stop at angle fillet. Overlap onto upstand
with strips of BS 747, type 3B felt fully bonded with 75 mm lap onto first layer,
except where subsequent two layers are of high performance polyester based felt.
75 WELTED DRIPS:
- Form using maximum length strips.
- Nail tail of welt to face of drip batten, fold neatly and bond welt together. Carry not
less than 100 mm onto roof and overlap with top layer.
K10 PLASTERBOARD DRY LININGS/ PARTITIONS/ CEILINGS
15 LINING ON TIMBER FRAMED INTERNAL WALLS

- Background: timber studs 75 mm x 50 mm at 600 mm centres.
- Linings: 12.5mm wall board with staggered joints.
- Fixings: galvanized plasterboard nails to BS1202 or zinc/cadmium plated screws with
countersunk heads, 10 guage of length to suit board.
- Centres: 150 mm for nails, 300 mm for screws.
- Finishing: As clause 90.
- Primer/scaler: primer to painted areas.
25 LINING ON TIMBER FRAMED CEILINGS

- Background: timber studs at 450 mm centres.
- Linings: 12.5 mm
- Fixings: galvanized plasterboard nails to BS1202 or zinc/cadmium plated screws with
countersunk heads, 10 guage of length to suit board.
- Centres: 150 mm for nails, 230mm for screws.
- Finishing: As clause 90.
- Primer/ sealer: Primer to all painted areas.
65 DRY LINING GENERALLY

- General: Use fixing, jointing and finishing materials, components and installation methods
recommended by board manufacturer.
- Plasterboards: To BS 1230-1 with exposed surface and edge profiles suitable to receive the
specified finish.
- Cutting plasterboards: Neatly and accurately without damaging core or tearing paper facing.
Minimize cut edges.
- Finishing: Neatly to give flush, smooth, flat surfaces free from bowing and abrupt changes of
level.
70 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTS
- Framing: Accurately position and securely fix to fully support:
- Partition heads running parallel with, but offset from main structural supports.
- Fixtures, fittings and services.
- Board edges and lining perimeters.
75 NEW WET LAID BASES

- Dpcs: Install under partitions/ freestanding wall linings, cut to full width of partition/ lining.
85 MINERAL WOOL INSULATION

- Thickness: 100mm in stud partition walls.
- Fitting: Accurately and firmly with closely butted joints and no gaps. Fasten where necessary
to prevent slumping.
- Services: Do not cover electrical cables that are not sized accordingly. Do not lay over
luminaires.
90 SEAMLESS JOINTING
- Filling and taping: Fill joints, gaps and internal angles with jointing compound and cover with
continuous lengths of tape, fully bedded.
- Finishing: Apply jointing compound feathered out to give a flush, smooth, seamless surface.
- Nail/ screw depressions and minor indents: Fill to give a flush surface.
K20 TIMBER BOARD FLOORING/ SARKING/ LININGS/ CASINGS
10 TIMBER BOARD FLOORING

- Substrate: Timber joists at 600 mm maximum centres.
- Boards: moisture resistant tongued and grooved moisture resistant decking board
- Finished thickness: 22mm minimum
- Fixing: As clause 50, countersunk screws, length 65mm minimum at 300mm centres
maximum at perimeter and 500mm maximum elsewhere
- Junctions of adjacent boards to be bonded with glue.
50 FIXING BOARDS
- Protection during and after installation: Keep boards dry, clean and undamaged.
- Boards to be used internally: Do not install until building is weathertight.
- Moisture content of timber supports: Not more than 18% at time of fixing boards.
- Fixing: Fix boards securely to each support to give flat, true surface free from undulations,
lipping, splits and protruding fasteners.
- Timber movement: Position boards and fixings to prevent cupping. springing, excessive
opening of joints and other defects.
- Heading joints: Tightly butted, central over supports and at least two boards widths apart on
any one support.
- Edges: Plane off proud edges.
60 TREATED TIMBER
- Surfaces exposed by minor cutting and/ or drilling: Treat with two flood coats of a solution
recommended for the purpose by main treatment solution manufacturer.
L10 WINDOWS/ROOFLIGHTS/SCREENS
15 WOOD WINDOWS
- Standard: To BS 644-1 and Brutish Woodworking Federation (BWF) accredited.
- Manufacturer: A firm currently registered under a third party quality assurance
scheme.
- Timber generally: To BS EN 942.
- Wood species: European Redwood.
- Appearance class: J10 for glazing beads, drip mouldings and the like. J40 or better
for all other members.
- Moisture content on delivery: 12 – 19%.
- Preservative treatment: guaranteed for a minimum life of 30 years.
- Finish as delivered: factory painted or stained.
- Glazing details: factory glazed with hermetically sealed double glazed units to
BS6262, with low emissivity glazing. Minimum 24mm composite thickness. All
frame units to be manufactured and approved under the British Standard Kitemark
scheme and marked accordingly.
- Fixing: in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
- Fastener spacing: When not predrilled or specified otherwise, position fasteners
not more than 150 mm from ends of each jamb, adjacent to each hanging point of
opening lights, and at maximum 450 mm centres.
25 PVCU WINDOWS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
30 COMPLIANCE STANDARDS
Contractor shall ensure that the design, manufacture and installation complies with all current and
relevant British Standards, Codes of Practice, Building Regulations and manufacturers’
current printed instructions, including, but not limited to, the following standards:
BS5713: Specification for hermetically sealed flat double-

glazing units.
BS6206: Specification for impact performance requirements

for flat safety glass and safety plastics for use in
buildings.
BS6262: Glazing for buildings.
BS6375: Performance of windows:

Part 1: Classification for weather-tightness
(including guidance on selection and
specification).
Part 2: Specification for operation and strength
characteristics.
BS 7412: Specification for plastics windows made from

PVC-U extruded hollow profiles.
BS7413: Specification for white PVC-U extruded hollow

profiles with heat welded corner joints for plastic
windows: type A.
BS7950: Specification for enhanced security performance of
casement and tilt/turn windows for domestic
applications.
BS8213: Windows, doors and rooflights

Part 1: Code of practice for safety in use and
during cleaning of windows and doors.
Part 4: Code of practice for the installation of
replacement windows and doorsets in dwellings.
BS8220: Guide for security of buildings against crime.

Part 1: Dwellings.
BS8233: Code of practice for sound insulation and noise

reduction for buildings.
British Plastics Federation/ All Trade Standards and Codes of Practice

Glass & Glazing Federation
(BPF/GGF)
Building Regulations 2000 All relevant Approved Documents including new

and all amendments thereto Part L effective April 2002
BS: PAS 23-1 Secured by Design (Door Assemblies)
BS: PAS 24-1 Secured by Design (Door Assemblies)
MATERIALS
The PVCu windows shall be fabricated using the “Sheerframe”system manufactured

by LB Plastics Ltd., Firs Works, Nether Heage, Belper Derby, DE5 2JJ and
comprising:-
70 mm wide, white, high impact PVCu multi chamber sections with a minimum of 3
mm external wall thickness.
Reinforcement to be in extruded aluminium alloy sections 6063 or 6082 to BS 1474 and

provided strictly in accordance with LB Plastics’ recommendations.
External glazing beads (inconjunction with glazing tape) to be in white, high impact
PVCu with three point locking system.
Weather seals and glazing gaskets to be in peroxide cured EPDM.
Friction hinges to be heavy gauge stainless steel with head moulding to ensure a close
weather-tight fit. The type and size to be all in accordance with the table prepared by
LB Plastics Ltd. Top hung sashes over 500 mm deep window bays shall be from the
Defender range supplied by Security Ltd.
The casement fasteners to be Sonata locking handles, with polyester powder paint
finish and striking plates. 1 No. to be fixed centrally on casements not exceeding 600
mm long and 2 No. fixed equidistant from the centre on casements 600 mm long or
above, (both side and top hung). All keys to be the same differ.
Fastenings, fixings, screws, rivets, nuts and bolts to be of stainless steel, bright zinc
plated steel or dichromate zinc plated steel.
Existing window board and internal tiled cills are to be covered using 10 mm thick
PVCu board supplied by BCE Cellular Extrusions, Billet Lane, Lysaghts Enterprise
Park, Normanby Road, Scunthorpe, DN15 9YH.
GLAZING
All windows shall have hermetically sealed double glazed units Units to be
minimum 24mm thick (4-16-4) and comprise 4mm float glass, 16 mm air space
and 4mm clear low emissivity glass The windows as a whole to have a maximum U
value of 2.0 W/Ms
degree K.
FABRICATION
The windows are to meet the full requirements of the BSI Registered Firms Scheme
for plastic windows, reference QAS/M/4834/18 and QS/M/4834/19.
The windows shall reach the following performance specification of BS 6375 Part 1
“Performance of Windows when tested”, in accordance with BS 5368 Parts 1, 2 ad
3:
Air Permeability Pressure Class n - 300 Pa.

Water Tightness Pressure Class - 300 Pa.
Wind Resistance Pressure Class - 2400 Pa.
The windows are to be outward opening with top and side hung casements and to be
outward glazed.
The fabrication of all framing and opening lights is to be heat welding of the
sections using approved techniques and equipment, the corner welds being mitred,
with a grooved finish, and with profiles reinforced with aluminium sections.
Exposed drainage slots shall be cloaked with a neat white PVCu cap, permanently
glued to the face of the frame.
All screws used to attach ironmongery shall penetrate the reinforcement or at least
two separate walls of the PVCU profile. The ironmongery shall be capable of being
adjusted or replaced without removing the outer frame from the structure.
GUARANTEES
The complete windows, including the double glazing units, shall be guaranteed for a
minimum of five years against any defect.
SURVEYING
The window sizes given in the “Schedule of Rates” are approximate and the
Contractor is responsible for all measuring to obtain the exact dimensions of each
window on site and for making an allowance of 5 mm on each side, top and bottom,
for expansion, (i.e. a total of 10 mm on each dimension), all in accordance with the
“Sheerframe” installation instructions.
The vertical dimensions are to be taken to the top of any existing tiled external cill.
The use of “make up” sections to overcome shortfalls in the overall size of
manufactured windows will not be permitted.
INSTALLATION
The Contractor is to carefully take out the existing windows and remove from the site,
care is to be taken to minimise any damage to finishings and decorations.
The windows shall be fixed with plastic sheathed fixing bolts, all in accordance with
“Sheerframe” installation instructions and with flexible foam strip, SW 7091 where
recommended, and sealed all round externally with white silicone sealant, compatible
with the window.
The new windows shall, as far as is practicable, be fitted up to the existing plaster
line. Where this is not possible the Contractor shall make good to the plaster reveal
between the existing plaster and new window in plaster or, where less than 12 mm,
with a neat PVCu bead or quadrant.
MAKING GOOD
Prices for window installation shall include for all making good to any decorations,
external renderings, brickwork and claddings.
45 ROOFLIGHTS:
Type: to suit location
Glazing details: factory glazed with hermetically sealed double glazed units with low
emissivity glazing. Minimum 24mm composite thickness.
Kerb: to suit roofing type and location
Other requirements: opening device where necessary
60 PRIMING/SEALING: Before fixing components ensure that surfaces of timber which

will be inaccessible after installation are primed or sealed to full gloss or stain as
specified.
70 FIRE RESISTING FRAMES: Completely fill gap between frame of glazed screen
and reveal with tightly packed mineral wool.
75 SEALANT JOINTS:
- Sealant manufacturer and reference:, low modulus gun grade polyurethane based
elastomeric sealant to BS5889, Type A as recommended by window manufacturer.
Colour: clear
- Prepare joints and apply sealant as section Z22. Finish triangular fillets with a flat or
slightly convex profile.
- Back-up Rods:
Provide closed cell polyethylene foam back-up rods as required prior to applying
sealant.
80 IRONMONGERY: Fix carefully using fasteners with matching finish supplied by

ironmongery manufacturer. Prevent damage to ironmongery and adjacent surfaces.
- Fixings:
All fixings for ironmongery to be austenitic (non-magnetic) stainless steel to BS311
Part 2.
L20 DOORS/SHUTTERS/HATCHES
10 LEDGED FRAMED AND BRACED DOORS:

- To BS 459.
- Moisture content on delivery: 13 to 19%
- Finish as delivered: double vacuum treated, clear finish.
25 INTERNAL TIMBER PANELLED DOORS

- Type: 6-panel with softwood frame and rails and softwood panel sections of mortice
and tenon or dowelled and glued construction.
- Finish as delivered: primed for painting.
50 STEEL FACED COMPOSITE DOORSETS FOR FRONT DOORS:

- Door leaf: 24 gauge galvanised steel inner and outer leafs. High impact resistance and
dimensional stability.
- Core: Rigid CFC free polyurethane cure glued around timber stiles to give high
thermal and sound insulation properties, high impact resistance and dimensional
stability.
- Bonding: door components to be bonded together to provide a high strength bond,
resistant to delamination.
Glazing details: factory glazed with obscure, toughened hermetically sealed double
glazed units with low emissivity glazing. Minimum 24mm composite thickness.
- Frames: preservative treated softwood with compression weatherstrip and hardwood
sill as supplied by door manufacturer.
- Sub-frame: laminated timber, twist and warp resistant.
- Ironmongery: as specified
- Other requirements:
When not predrilled or specified otherwise, position fixings 150 mm from each end of
jamb, adjacent to each hanging point and at 600 mm maximum centres. Tolerance
between door and frame to be 3mm maximum, any gap between door frame and
adjacent walls or cills to be 5mm maximum. On completion any gap to be sealed with
a neat silicone joint in colour to match doorset. The junction between door frame and
internal wall to be foam filled and PVCU cover strip fixed.
Glazing system to be such that it can be replaced without damaging or replacing the
door.
General Requirements
- Doors to be supported by a current BBA Agrément certificate.
- Windows to comply with New Approved Document L of the Building Regulations.
- Secured By Design.
- Thermal performance: all doors to have U-value of 2.0 W/m 2K or better.
- Thermal breaks where required.
60 FIRE RESISTING TIMBER DOORSETS:

- Door leaf
- Core: Hardwood flush door
- Lippings: hardwood
- Frame and architraves:
- Ironmongery: as specified
- Other requirements:
When not predrilled or specified otherwise, position fixings 150 mm from each end of
jamb, adjacent to each hanging point and at 600 mm maximum centres. Tolerance
between door and frame to be 3mm maximum, any gap between door frame and
adjacent walls or cills to be 5mm maximum.
65 GARAGE DOORS:
- Type: up and over door.
- Material: galvanised steel door primed for painting.
- Frame: treated softwood timber frame painted to full gloss
- Ironmongery: as specified.
70 FIRE RESISTANCE: The specified performance is to be the minimum period

attained when tested for integrity in accordance with BS 476:Part 22.
75 FIRE RESISTING FRAMES: Completely fill gap between

frame and reveal with tightly packed mineral wool and seal with neat joint.
80 SEALANT JOINTS:
- Sealant manufacturer and reference: as appropriate
Colour: as specified.
- Prepare joints and apply sealant as section Z22.
85 IRONMONGERY: Fix carefully using fastenings with matching finish supplied by

ironmongery manufacturer. Prevent damage to ironmongery and adjacent surfaces.
All ironmongery to be kitemark certified.
L30 STAIRS/LADDERS/WALKWAYS/HANDRAILS/ BALUSTRADES
50 EXTERNAL BALUSTRADES
- Component material, grade and finish as delivered:
- Guarding: tubular galvanized steel
- Handrails: tubular galvanized steel
- Workmanship:
Metalwork: As section Z11.
50 BALUSTRADES TO BALCONIES, LANDINGS ETC IN COMMUNAL AREAS

- Component material, grade and finish as delivered:
- Guarding: tubular galvanized steel
- Handrails: nylon coated steel
- Workmanship:
Joinery: As section Z10.
Metalwork: As section Z11.
65 HANDRAILS IN COMMUNAL STAIRWELLS

- Component material, grade and finish as delivered.
- Handrails: nylon coated steel.
- Brackets: according to manufacturer’s recommendations
- Workmanship:
- Joinery: As section Z10.
- Metalwork: As section Z11.
70 HANDRAILS IN DWELLINGS
- Component material and finish as delivered:
- Handrails: softwood
- Other requirements: paint or stain finish
80 FIXING GENERALLY
- Fasteners and methods of fixing: To Section Z20.
- Structural members: Do not modify, cut, notch or make holes in structural members,
except as indicated on drawings.
- Temporary support: Do not use stairs, walkways or balustrades as temporary support
or strutting for other work.
L40 GENERAL GLAZING
- Glazing generally: to BS 6262.
- The glazing must be wind/watertight under all conditions. Make full allowance for
deflections and other movements.
- Glass generally to BS 952 and the relevant part(s) of:
 BS EN 572 for basic sodium lime silicate glass
 BS EN 12150 for thermally toughened soda lime silicate glass
 BS EN ISO 12543 for laminated glass and laminated safety glass
 BS EN 1096 for coated glass
- Sagety glazing shall be used in accordance with BS6206 where required to comply
with Approved Document N of the Building Regulations.
- Glass generally to be free from scratches, bubbles and other defects.
- Panes/sheets to be accurately sized.
- Ensure that glass/plastics, surround materials, sealers primers and paints/clear finishes
are compatible. Comply with glazing/sealant manufacturers’ recommendations.
20 REMOVAL OF GLAZING FOR REUSE:

- Carefully remove existing glazing and glazing compound, beads, etc., avoiding
damage to the frame, to leave clean smooth rebates free from obstructions and debris.
Clean glazing, beads and other components that are to be reused.
- Report to CA any signs of deterioration of the surround revealed by removal of
glazing, compounds, etc. Do not reglaze affected surrounds until instructed.
30 PREPARATION: Clean surrounds, rebates, grooves and beads, and prepare as

specified before installing glazing.
40 PUTTY FRONTED SINGLE GLAZING:

- Pane material: 6mm clear float glass
- Surround: primed softwood
- Putty: To BS 544.
- Apply sufficient putty to produce not less than 1.5 mm finished thickness of back
bedding.
- Locate glazing centrally in surround using setting and location blocks, and secure with
glazing sprigs/cleats/clips at 300 mm centres.
- Apply front putty and finish to a neat triangular profile stopping 2 mm short of sight
line. Lightly brush surface to seal putty to glass.
- Seal putty as soon as sufficiently hard; apply either the full final finish, or two coats of
undercoat applied locally.
55 BEAD FIXED INSULATING GLASS UNITS TO DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOWS

AND DOORS
- Pane material: 24mm insulating glass units to BS 5713 and BS 6262, Kitemark
certified.
Perimeter taping must not be used.
- Surround/bead: factory fitted.
Bead fixing: factory fitted internal.
- Glazing system: factory fitted of EPDM concealed gaskets.
- Locate insulating unit centrally in surround using setting and location blocks.
- Install gaskets and fit beads as recommended by manufacturer ensuring that drainage
and ventilation holes are not obstructed. Cut gasket sections over length to ensure a
tight fit without gaps at corners.
75 FIRE RESISTANT CHANNEL GLAZING TO FIRE DOORS AND SCREENS
- Fire resistance rating: as required
- Pane material: 6mm Georgian wired glazing
- Fire resistant channel: as required.
- Cover strips: as required.
- Installation to be carried out by a BM TRADA Certification or FIRAS registered
installer in accordance with glazing manufacturer’s recommendations.
M10 CEMENT BASED LEVELLING/WEARING SCREEDS
02 BONDED CEMENT:SAND LEVELLING SCREEDS TO INSITU CONCRETE

GROUND FLOOR OR BEAM AND BLOCK GROUND FLOOR
- Screed construction: Bonded as clause 30
- Thickness (minimum): 25 mm.
- Thickness (maximum): 45 mm.
- Mix:
- Cement: Select from:
Portland to BS 12, class 42.5 or Portland blast furnace to BS 146, class 42.5.
- Sand: To BS 882.
Grading limit: To BS 8204-1, table 1.
- Proportions (cement:sand): 1:3 – 4.5.
- Admixture: Water reducing to BS 5075-1.
- Finish:
- Method: trowelled or mechanical finish
- To receive floor coverings
04 CEMENT:SAND LEVELLING SCREEDS

Thickness (minimum): 75mm
- Mix:
- Cement: Select from:
Portland to BS 12, class 42.5 or Portland blast furnace to
BS 146, class 42.5.
- Sand: To BS 882.
Grading limit: To BS 8204-1, table 1.
- Proportions (cement:sand): 1:3 – 4.5.
- Admixture: Water reducing to BS 5075-1.
- Finish:
- Method: trowelled or mechanical finish
- To receive floor coverings
30 FULLY BONDED CONSTRUCTION

- Removing mortar matrix: Shortly before laying screed, expose coarse aggregate over
entire area of hardened base.
- Texture of surface: Suitable to accept screed and achieve a full bond over complete
area.
35 PARTIALLY BONDED CONSTRUCTION

- Base surface: Brushed finish with no surface laitance.
- Texture of surface: Suitable to accept screed and achieve a bond over complete
area.
50 MIXING
- Water content: Minimum necessary to achieve full compaction.
- Mixing: Mix materials thoroughly to uniform consistence in a suitable forced action
mechanical mixer.
52 COMPACTION
- General: Compact thoroughly over entire area.
- Screeds over 50 mm thick: Lay in two layers of equal thickness. Roughen surface of
compacted lower layer then immediately lay upper layer.
55 JOINTS IN LEVELLING SCREEDS

- Laying screeds: Lay continuously using 'wet screeds' between strips or bays.
Minimise defined joints.
70 SMOOTH FLOATED FINISH

- Finish: Even texture with no ridges or steps.
75 TROWELLED FINISH TO LEVELLING SCREEDS

- Floating: To an even texture with no ridges or steps.
- Trowelling: To a uniform smooth surface, free from trowel marks and other
blemishes, and suitable to receive specified flooring material.
80 TROWELLED FINISH TO WEARING SCREEDS

- Floating: To an even texture with no ridges or steps.
- Trowelling: Successively trowel at intervals, applying sufficient pressure to close
surface and give a uniform, smooth finish free from trowel marks and other
blemishes.
90 CURING
- Curing period: As soon as screed has set sufficiently, closely cover with polyethylene
sheeting for not less than 7 days.
- Drying after curing: Allow screeds to dry gradually.
M20 PLASTERED/RENDERED/ROUGHCAST COATINGS
05 MASONRY CEMENT:SAND RENDER:

- Undercoat(s) (masonry cement:sand):
Cement: Masonry cement to BS 5224, class MC 12.5 (with air entraining agent).
Sand: To BS 1199, type A.
Thickness (excluding dubbing out): to design.
- Final coat (masonry cement:sand):
Cement and sand as for undercoat.
Thickness: to design.
- Finish: as specified.
10 CEMENT:LIME:SAND RENDER:
- Undercoat(s) (cement:lime:sand):
Lime:sand mix: Ready-mixed to BS 4721 using sand to BS 1199, type A.
- Final coat (cement:lime:sand):
Lime:sand mix: Ready-mixed to BS 4721 using sand to BS 1199, type A.
Thickness: to design
- Finish: as specified
20 WATERPROOF RENDER:
- Preparation: Cut out cracks and all defective areas, then make good as manufacturer's
recommendations. Form and seal all holes for fastenings. Do not make any holes after
coatings are applied.
- Application: Thoroughly soak backgrounds. Joints in successive coats, if necessary,
must be staggered by at least 100 mm and must not occur at angles.
Patch all pinholes, breaks and thin areas before applying next coat. Do not scratch to
form a key.
- Internal angles: After first coat form fillets of waterproof coating mix. After final coat
form smooth round coves.
- Finish with a wood float without drawing excessive laitance to the surface.
25 GYPSUM PLASTER ON CEMENT:SAND UNDERCOAT(S):

- Undercoat(s): One of the following mixes, in each case using sand to BS 1199, type
A:
- Cement:lime:sand, proportions 1: as specified, cement and ready-mixed lime:sand
to BS 4721.
- Cement:sand and plasticizer, proportions 1: as specified, cement and an air
entraining admixture to BS 4887:Part 1.
- Masonry cement:sand, proportions 1: as specified using masonry cement to BS
5224, class MC 12.5 (with air entraining agent).
- Final coat: Gypsum plaster to BS 1191:Part 1, Class B.
Finish: as spedified.
30 LIGHTWEIGHT GYPSUM PLASTER:

- Undercoats(s):
Premixed lightweight plaster to BS 1191:Part 2.
- Final coat:
Finish plaster to BS 1191:Part 1, Class B.
Thickness: 2 mm.
Finish: Smooth.
50 BOARD FINISH PLASTER

- Skim coat(s): Board finish plaster to BS 1191:Part 1, Class B.
Finish: Smooth.
61 CEMENT: All cements must comply with the appropriate British Standard and be
licensed under the BSI Kitemark scheme for cement. Where Portland cement,
Portland blastfurnace cement, Portland pulverised-fuel ash cement or Sulfate-resisting
Portland cement is specified use class 42.5 or 52.5 material.
63 MIXING:
- Measure materials accurately by volume using gauge boxes. Proportions of specified
mixes are for damp sand. Adjust proportions if sand is dry.
- Do not allow contamination of one type of material with another, or by any set
material.
- Do not use admixtures unless specified or approved.
- Mix materials thoroughly.
67 ADVERSE WEATHER
- Take precautions to prevent damage to internal work when air temperature is below
3°C.
- Do not carry out external work when air temperature is below 3°C and falling or
below 1°C and rising.
- Adequately protect newly applied external coatings against frost and rain for the first
48 hours using polyethylene sheet hung clear of the face, or other approved method.
71 BACKGROUNDS GENERALLY: Ensure that backgrounds are secure, free from

contamination and loose areas, reasonably dry and in a suitable condition to receive
specified coatings.
74 REPAIRING EXISTING DAMP AFFECTED PLASTER:

- Remove plaster on walls affected by rising damp up to a minimum height of one
metre above dpc and to a height of 300 mm above the highest point reached by the
damp
- Rake out perished and salt contaminated mortar joints and cut out and renew any
heavily salt contaminated bricks or blocks in the background.
- Advise CA if any built-in timbers, structural deficiencies or additional sources of
damp are revealed.
- Provide the maximum ventilation possible and leave walls to dry for as long as
possible before applying new plaster.
- Thoroughly dry brush background to remove dust, loose material and efflorescence.
76 REPAIRING EXISTING PLASTER:

- Remove plaster that is loose, soft, friable, badly cracked or affected by efflorescence.
Gently tap all remaining intact surfaces and remove hollow sounding areas of plaster.
Remove stained plaster to 300 mm beyond last point of visible staining.
- Cut back to straight horizontal and vertical edges.
- Advise CA if any built-in timbers, structural deficiencies or sources of damp are
revealed.
- Thoroughly dry brush the background and edges to remove dust, loose material and
efflorescence.
78 REPAIRING EXISTING RENDER:

- Cut out all loose, hollow, soft, friable, badly cracked or otherwise damaged areas to
form rectangular patches with straight horizontal and vertical edges, square cut or
slightly undercut.
- Cut back to imitation joint lines where they occur.
- Cut out cracks other than hairline cracks to a width of not less than 75 mm.
- Wash and brush exposed backgrounds and edges to remove dust and loose material.
80 PLASTERBOARD BACKINGS:
- Plasterboard: To BS 1230:Part 1.
Fixings: Galvanized plasterboard nails of length not less than 3 times the thickness of
board being fixed.
- Ensure that noggings, bearers, etc. to support fixtures, fittings and services are
accurately and securely fixed.
- Ensure that perimeter and unbound or cut edges of boards are supported by additional
noggings in accordance with board manufacturer's recommendations.
- Stagger end joints between rows. Gap between boards to be not more than 3 mm. Do
not use damaged boards.
- Fill and tape (scrim) all joints and angles between boards to walls and ceilings and to
wall/ceiling joint (except where coincident with a metal bead) using tape
recommended by board manufacturer.
82 BEADS/STOPS: Provide appropriate corrosion resistant beads/stops at all external

angles and stop ends unless specified otherwise. Use stainless steel beads/stops with
mechanical fixings for external render.
87 APPLICATION GENERALLY:
- All coatings to be firmly bonded, of even and consistent appearance, free from
rippling, hollows, ridges, cracks and crazing.
- Finish surfaces to a true plane with all angles and corners to a right angle unless
specified otherwise, and with walls and reveals plumb and square.
- Prevent excessively rapid or localised drying out.
89 DUBBING OUT: If necessary to correct background inaccuracies, dub out in

thicknesses of not more than 13 mm in same mix as first coat. Allow each coat to set
before the next is applied. Scratch the surface of each coat.
91 KEYING OF RENDER: Allow each undercoat to stiffen. Comb to produce wavy

horizontal lines, approximately 20 mm apart and 5 mm deep. Do not penetrate
through the coat.
93 DRYING OF RENDER:
- Keep each undercoat and final coat damp for the first 3-4 days by covering with
polyethylene sheet and/or spraying with water.
- Allow each coat to dry out thoroughly to ensure shrinkage is complete before
applying next coat.
95 FINAL COAT OF RENDER - DRY DASH:

- While coating is still plastic, throw on well washed wet aggregate. Tap particles into
coating, ensuring good adhesion and an even overall appearance.
97 FINAL COAT OF RENDER - SCRAPED FINISH: After coating has set sufficiently,
expose aggregate by scraping surface to an even texture with a saw blade.
99 FINAL COAT OF RENDER - PLAIN FLOATED FINISH: Finish with wood float to
an even, open texture. Do not apply water while working up or draw excessive
laitance to surface (either by overworking or by use of steel trowel).
M21 INSULATION WITH RENDERED FINISH
10 SURVEY OF EXISTING WALLS: Before starting work carry out a survey to

confirm suitability for application of external wall insulation.
15 REMEDIAL WORK: Include in tender for remedial work shown to be necessary by

preliminary survey.
20 EXTERNAL WALL INSULATION SYSTEM:

- Structural background: carry out inspection and hammer test remove loose/unsound
material and make good
Preparation: remove all external fittings to walls ready for application of external
insulation system
- Insulation: mineral fibre boards 900 x 600 x thickness to meet required U-values.
Method of fixing: as per manufacturers recommendations.
- Beads/Trims: Provide and fix all necessary bell casts, stop beads, movement joint
beads, etc. required to complete the installation.
- Render carrier/Reinforcement: mesh reinforcement trowelled into render base coat all
mesh to have a minimum of 100mm laps
- Render: polymer modified cement based render colour as agreed
- Decorative finish: brick finish or dashing stone of 3mm to 8mm size colour and mix
as agreed
30 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS:
- Complete the design of the system and associated features to meet the requirements of
this specification.
- The installation must be weathertight under all anticipated conditions and capable of
resisting likely impact and wind loads.
- Warranty: provide a 25 year insurance backed warranty for the installation on
completion.
- Installation to be carried out by the system manufacturer or by a contractor approved
by the system manufacturer.
- Carefully protect all existing work. Clean off any droppings from finished work
immediately.
- Form construction/movement joints where shown on drawings. If modifications are
necessary on site, agree revisions with CA before proceeding.
- Refix all removed items onto suitable grounds at completion of work
35 EXISTING OPENINGS
- Fix PVCu edging beads to all reveals to windows, doors etc. to enable windows,
doors, etc. to be removed at a later date without causing damage to render
40 ADVERSE WEATHER:
- Do not apply adhesive, mortar or render when the air temperature is at or below 5°C
on a falling thermometer
- Protect newly rendered surfaces against rain and snow by covering when precipitation
occurs.
- Replace coatings damaged by rain or frost.
50 BACKGROUNDS:
- To be structurally sound, dry, unpainted, and free from contamination by dirt, dust,
efflorescence or other deleterious substances.
- Remove efflorescence, dust and other loose material by thoroughly dry brushing.
Remove all traces of paint, dirt and other substances incompatible with adhesive by
scrubbing with water containing detergent and washing off with clean water. Allow to
dry before applying coatings.
60 PULL OUT TEST(S) ON FIXING PINS to be carried out on site to prove the
suitability of the structural background and determine the size and number of fixings
required. Notify CA to enable testing to be witnessed.
70 CURING:
- Allow primer coats and undercoats to dry out thoroughly before applying subsequent
coats.
- Take all necessary precautions to prevent newly rendered surfaces from drying out too
rapidly.
80 FIRE BARRIERS:
- Noncombustible material to BS 476:Part 4, minimum size 100 mm x total thickness of
external wall insulation.
- Install barriers in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations
- Mechanically fix back to structural background with closely butted joints, leaving no
gaps. Incorporate any intumescent materials recommended by system manufacturer.
85 SEALANT JOINTS:
- Sealant: Type recommended by system manufacturer.
- Form in accordance with system manufacturer's recommendations using any
necessary joint fillers, backing strips, etc.
90 INSPECTION OF COMPLETED INSTALLATION: As soon as possible after

completion of the work and before removing scaffolding, carry out an inspection with
the CA to identify any defects.
M40 STONE/CONCRETE/QUARRY/CERAMIC TILING
05 TILING TO KITCHEN AND BATHROOM SPLASHBACKS AND WALLS

- Tiles: glazed ceramic wall tiles
- Colour: white or from specified range
- Size: 150 x 150 mm.
- Grout: water resistant, white.
15 NEW BACKGROUNDS/BASES
- Background drying times (minimum):
- Brick/block walls: 6 weeks.
- Rendering: 2 weeks.
- Gypsum plaster: 4 weeks.
- Base drying times (minimum):
- Concrete slabs: 6 weeks.
- Cement:sand screeds: 3 weeks.
20 EXISTING BACKGROUNDS/BASES GENERALLY

- Efflorescence, laitance, dirt, loose and defective material: Remove and make good
defective areas with materials compatible with background/base and bedding.
- Deposits of oil, grease and other materials incompatible with the bedding: Remove.
- Tile, paint and other nonporous surfaces: Clean.
- Wet backgrounds: Dry before tiling.
- Paint with unsatisfactory adhesion: Remove so as not to impair bedding adhesion.
25 NEW PLASTER
- Plaster primer: Apply if recommended by adhesive manufacturer.
30 FIXING GENERALLY
- Colour/shade: Avoid unintended variations within tiles for use in each area/room.
- Adhesive: Compatible with background/base.
- Cut tiles: Neat and accurate.
- Fixing: Provide adhesion over entire background/base and tile backs.
- Final appearance: Before bedding material sets, make adjustments necessary to give
true, regular appearance to tiles and joints.
- Deviation of surface: Variations in gap under a 2 m straightedge (with feet) placed
anywhere on the surface to be not more than 3 mm.
- Surplus bedding material: Clean from joints and face of tiles.
35 SETTING OUT
- Joints: True to line, continuous and without steps.
- Joints on walls: Horizontal, vertical and aligned round corners.
- Joints in floors: Parallel to main axis of space or specified features.
- Cut tiles: Minimise number, maximise size and locate unobtrusively.
- Joints in adjoining floors and walls: Align.
- Joints in adjoining floors and skirtings: Align.
50 RIBBED ADHESIVE BEDDING TO WALLS

- Application: score existing plaster to wall ready to apply 3 mm floated coat of
adhesive to dry background. Trowel to ribbed profile.
- Tiling: Press tiles firmly onto float coat.
55 SOLID ADHESIVE BEDDING TO WALLS

- Application: score existing plaster to wall ready to apply floated coat of adhesive to
dry background. Comb surface.
- Tiling: Apply thin even coat of adhesive to backs of dry tiles. Press tiles firmly onto
float coat.
- Finished adhesive thickness: Within range recommended by manufacturer.
70 GROUTING
- Sequence: Grout when bed/adhesive has set sufficient to prevent disturbance of tiles.
- Joints: 6 mm deep (or depth of tile if less). Free from dust and debris.
- Grouting: Fill joints completely, tool to profile, clean off surface. Leave free from
blemishes.
- Polishing: When grout is hard, polish tiling with dry cloth.
75 SEALANT JOINTS BETWEEN WALLS AND KITCHEN UNITS/SANITARY

FITTINGS
- Sealant: low modulus silicone sealant.
- Colour: white.
- Preparation and application: As section Z22.
M50 RUBBER/PLASTICS/CORK/LINO/CARPET TILING/ SHEETING
10 VINYL TILING TO KITCHENS, BATHROOMS, SHOWER ROOMS, WCS AND

COMMUNAL AREAS:
- Base: existing floor construction
Preparation: in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations
- Tiles: non-slip vinyl floor tiles with ‘marbled’ finish.
Size: 300 x 300 mm.
Thickness: 2 mm minimum.
- Adhesive (and primer if recommended by manufacturer): in accordance with
manufacturer’s recommendations.
20 VINYL FLOORING TO KITCHENS, BATHROOMS, SHOWER ROOMS, WCS

AND COMMUNAL AREAS:
- Base: existing floor construction
Preparation: in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations
- Fabricated underlay: as recommended by floor manufacturer.
Flooring roll: non-slip vinyl floor sheet
Thickness: 2 mm minimum
Colour/pattern: tenant’s choice from specified range.
- Adhesive (and primer if recommended by manufacturer): in accordance with
manufacturer’s recommendations.
- Seam welding: in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
40 DAMPNESS: Where coverings are to be laid on new wet-laid bases, ensure that
drying aids have been turned off for not less than 4 days, then test for moisture
content in accordance with BS 8203, Annexe A. Do not lay coverings until all
readings show 75% relative humidity or less.
45 EXISTING FLOOR COVERING TO BE REMOVED: Remove covering and as

much adhesive as possible. Skim with smoothing compound to give a smooth, even
surface.
50 HARDBOARD UNDERLAY:
- To BS EN 622:Part 2.
Sheet size: 1200 x 1200 mm.
- Ensure that existing floor boards are securely fixed and acceptably level. Remove or
fill any gross irregularities. Punch in any protruding fastenings.
- Condition sheets by sponging the mesh side with approximately 0.5 litre of water per
1200 x 1200 mm sheet, then stack spaced horizontally for 24-48 hours before fixing.
- Lay sheets butt jointed with smooth side uppermost, cross joints staggered such that
no joint within the base and underlay is coincident.
- Fix with 25 mm ring shanked or twisted shank nails or divergent staples, commencing
at the centre of one side of each sheet, at 150 mm grid centres over the area and 100
mm centres along perimeter, set in 12 mm from edge.
- Ensure that fasteners do not project above sheet surface or through underside of base.
- Do not lay coverings until conditioned hardboard is dry.
55 PLYWOOD UNDERLAY:
- To an approved national standard.
Bonding quality to BS EN 314:Part 2:Class 3
Appearance class to BS EN 635
Finish: sanded
Sheet size: 1200 x 1200 mm.
- Ensure that existing floorboards are securely fixed and acceptably level. Remove or
fill any gross irregularities. Punch in any protruding fastenings.
- Lay sheets with cross joints staggered such that no joint within the base and underlay
is coincident and with a 0.5-1 mm gap between sheets.
- Fix with 25 mm annular ring shanked or twisted shank nails or divergent staples,
commencing at the centre of one side of each sheet, at 150 mm grid centres over the
area and 100 mm centres along perimeter, set in 12 mm from edge.
- Ensure that fastenings are driven well in, with heads set flush with surface and do not
project through underside of base.
60 SET OUT TILES from centre of space/room unless specified otherwise, so that
wherever possible:
- Tiles along opposite edges are of equal size, and
- Edge tiles are more than 50% of full tile width.
65 LAYING COVERINGS:
- Bases must be rigid, dry, smooth and free from grease, dirt and other contaminants
before coverings are applied.
- Use a primer where recommended by adhesive manufacturer. Allow to dry thoroughly
.
- Adhesive, when not specified otherwise, to be as recommended by covering
manufacturer or, in the absence of such recommendation, to be approved.
- Before laying commences thoroughly condition materials as recommended by
manufacturer.
- Before, during and after laying, provide adequate ventilation and maintain
temperature and humidity approximately at levels which will prevail after the building
is occupied.
- Finished coverings must be accurately fitted, tightly jointed, securely bonded, smooth
and free from air bubbles, rippling, adhesive marks, stains, trowel ridges and high
spots.
70 EDGINGS/COVER STRIPS:
- Manufacturer and reference(s): as recommended by floor covering manufacturer.
- Fix securely (using matching fastenings where exposed to view) ensuring that edge of
covering is firmly gripped.
75 STAIR NOSINGS/TRIM TO COMMUNAL STAIRS:

Material/finish: heavy duty aluminium alloy with rubber inserts.
- Fix securely with neatly mitred joints, adjusting to suit thickness of covering with
continuous strips of hardboard or plywood. Bed packing strips and nosings in gap-
filling adhesive. Screw fixing with matching plugs is required.
85 WASTE: Retain spare covering material suitable for patching. On completion hand
over to Employer pieces selected by CA.
M60 PAINTING/CLEAR FINISHING
10 Water Based Vinyl Matt Emulsion.

- Surfaces: ceilings. Generally white
- Initial coats: one mist coat.
- Finishing coats: two full coats.
11 Water Based Silk Vinyl

- Surfaces: walls. Generally magnolia on new build and on existing to match existing
- Initial coats: one mist coat.
- Finishing coats: two full coats.
12 High Performance Solvent Borne Flexible Gloss System

Manufacturer to supply BBA certificate for paint system or third party endorsement to
guarantee paint will last a six year paint cycle.
- Surfaces: Joinery.
- Preparation: all surfaces to be KPS and to be rubbed down before painting and
between coats, colour of gloss generally to be white or match existing.
- Initial coats: one primer coat, one undercoat.
- Finishing coats: two top coats.
13 External Quality Timber Stain.

- Surfaces: Hardwood doors, timber handrails, external joinery etc.
- Preparation: rub down with fine grade sandpaper before applying stain rub down
between coats
- Initial coats: none.
- Finishing coats: three coats minimum.
14 Intumescent Varnish.
- Surfaces: Timber surfaces in internal communal areas.
- Preparation: rub down with fine grade sandpaper before applying stain rub down
between coats
- Initial coats: as recommended by manufacturer.
- Finishing coats: as recommended by manufacturer.
15 Fleck Finish Paint.

- Surfaces: Walls to communal areas.
- Initial coats: primer/base coat as recommended by manufacturer.
- Finishing coats: coloured fleck coat and clear top coat. Colour to be agreed
20 COATING MATERIALS
- Selected manufacturer: Submit name before commencement of any coating work.
26 SURFACES TO BE CLEANED BUT NOT COATED

- Self finished items.
30 PREPARATION GENERALLY
- To BS 6150, Section 4.
- Preparation materials: Types recommended by their manufacturers and the coating
manufacturer for the situation and surfaces being prepared.
- Substrates: Sufficiently dry in depth to suit coating.
- Efflorescence salts, dirt, grease and oil: Remove.
- Organic growths and infected coatings: Remove with assistance of biocidal solution.
Apply residual effect biocidal solution to inhibit regrowth.
- Joints, cracks, holes and other depressions: Fill with stoppers/fillers. Abrade to a
smooth finish.
- Surface irregularities: Abrade to a smooth finish.
- Dust, particles and residues from abrasion: Remove.
- Doors, opening windows and other moving parts: Ease before coating. Prime resulting
bare areas.
32 PREVIOUSLY COATED SURFACES GENERALLY

- Preparation: To BS 6150, Section 6.
- Removing coatings: Do not damage substrate and adjacent surfaces or adversely
affect subsequent coatings.
- Loose, flaking or otherwise defective areas: Carefully remove to a firm edge.
- Alkali affected coatings: Completely remove.
- Discovery: Give notice of:
- Coatings suspected of containing lead.
- Substrates suspected of containing asbestos.
- Significant rot, corrosion or other degradation of substrates.
- Retained coatings: Thoroughly clean. Abrade gloss coated surfaces to provide a key.
- Partly removed coatings: Apply additional preparatory coats.
- Completely stripped surfaces: Prepare as for uncoated surfaces.
37 TIMBER PREPARATION
- General: Abrade to a smooth, even finish with lightly rounded arrises.
- Degraded or weathered surface timber: Abrade to remove.
- Degraded substrate timber: Repair with sound timber of same species.
- Heads of fasteners: Countersink sufficient to hold stoppers/fillers.
- Resinous areas and knots: Apply two coats of knotting.
- Defective primer: Abrade back to bare timber.
- Rub down with fine grade sandpaper before applying gloss/stain rub down between
coats
39 STEEL PREPARATION
- Corrosion and loose scale: Abrade back to bare metal.
- Residual rust: Treat with a proprietary removal solution.
- Primer: Apply as soon as possible.
41 MASONRY/RENDERING PREPARATION
- Loose and flaking material: Remove.
43 PLASTER PREPARATION
- Nibs, trowel marks and plaster splashes: Scrape off.
- Overtrowelled ‘polished’ areas: Abrade lightly.
45 PREVIOUSLY PAINTED WINDOW FRAMES

- Paint encroaching beyond glass sight line: Remove:
- Loose and defective putty: Remove.
- Putty cavities and junctions between previously painted surfaces and glass: Clean
thoroughly.
- Finishing: Patch prime, reputty and allow to set. Seal and coat as soon as sufficiently
hard.
50 EXTERNAL POINTING TO EXISTING FRAMES

- Defective sealant pointing: Remove.
- Joint depth: Approximately half joint width; adjust with backing strip if necessary.
52 POINTING TO INTERNAL LOW MOVEMENT JOINTS
- General: Apply to junctions of walls and ceilings with architraves, skirtings and other
trims.
- Sealant: Water based acrylic.
55 EXISTING GUTTERS
- Dirt and debris: Clean from inside of gutters.
- Defective joints: Clean and seal with suitable jointing material.
61 COATING GENERALLY
- Application: To BS 6150, Section 5.
- Conditions: Maintain suitable temperature, humidity and air quality.
- Surfaces: Clean and dry at time of application.
- Thinning and intermixing: Not permitted unless recommended by manufacturer.
- Priming coats: Apply as soon as possible on same day as preparation is completed.
- Finish: Even, smooth and of uniform colour. Free from brush marks, sags, runs and
other defects. Cut in neatly.
65 CONCEALED JOINERY SURFACES

- General: After priming, apply additional coatings to surfaces that will be concealed
when fixed in place.
66 CONCEALED METAL SURFACES

- General: Apply additional coatings to surfaces that will be concealed when fixed in
place.
68 STAINING TIMBER
- Primer: Apply if recommended by stain manufacturer.
- Stain: Apply in flowing coats. Brush out excess stain before set. Produce uniform
depth of colour.
70 EXTERNAL DOORS
- Bottom edges: paint to full gloss or stain before hanging doors.
- New external doors and new ply panels to bottom of door to be painted to white gloss
internally.
75 BEAD GLAZING TO COATED TIMBER

- Before glazing: Apply first two coats to rebates and beads.
80 PUTTY GLAZING
- Setting: Allow putty to set for seven days.
- Sealing: Within a further 14 days, seal with an oil based primer. Fully protect putty
with coating system as soon as it is sufficiently hard. Extend finishing coats on to
glass up to sight line.
N10 FIXTURES/FURNISHINGS/EQUIPMENT
20 KITCHEN UNITS:
- To BS 6222 and BS EN 1153.
Structural performance grade: H
Surface finishes performance to BS 6222:Part 3.
Doors/drawer finish/colour: melamine faced moisture resistant particle board. Colour
and finish choice from specified range.
Side panel/plinth/shelves finish/colour: white melamine faced moisture resistant
particle board
Worktop classification to BS 6222:Part 3 Type: 2
Worktop finish/pattern/colour: post formed plastics laminate board, colour from
specified range.
- Fixing: in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.
80 SEALANT POINTING TO JUNCTION OF WORKTOPS AND TILING

- Sealant: low modulus silicone based to BS 5889, Type B with fungicide.
Colour to approval.
- Application: As section Z22.
N13 SANITARY APPLIANCES/FITTINGS
10 WC PAN AND FLUSHING ARRANGEMENT:

- To the DETR WC suite performance specification or equivalent approved by the
relevant water undertaker.
Type: close coupled suite
- Pan: vitreous china
Seat: timber effect seat and lid, chrome plated hinges.
Pan connector: to BS 5627, colour: white
- Flushing arrangement: white vitreous china cistern with chrome finish siphon lever
25 KITCHEN SINK:
- Type: stainless steel inset 1½ bowl with draining board.
- Taps: ½” chrome plated deck sink mixer with twin flow cast swivel spout and chrome
plated metal handles.
- Waste: 40 mm chrome plated brass plug waste to BS 3380 with black plastic plug and
chrome plated chain and stay.
- Trap: 40 mm plastics trap
30 WASH BASIN:
- Type: vitreous china basin
- Taps: ½” hot and cold washbasin pillar taps with chrome plated handles.
35 BATH:
- Type: 1700 x 700 mm enamelled steel bath with slip resistant base to BS 1390.
Colour: white
- Taps: For balanced supplies: ¾” deck mounted bath and shower mixer with flexible
hose, handspray and cradle bracket, chrome plated handles. Where no balanced
supply is available: ½” hot and cold bath pillar taps with chrome plated handles.
- Other accessories: chrome plated grab handles, and WBP plywood side/end panels
with mouldings as required.
65 SMALL BORE MACERATOR/PUMPING UNIT:

- Macerator/pumping unit, Agrément certified.
70 INSTALLATION GENERALLY:
- Fix appliances securely to structure, without taking support from pipelines, level and
plumb and so that surfaces designed to fall drain as intended.
- Unless specified otherwise, use jointing and bedding compounds recommended by the
manufacturers of appliances, accessories and pipes to form watertight joints between
appliances and backgrounds (except cisterns) and between appliances and discharge
pipes.
75 CISTERNS:
- Obtain cistern operating components from cistern manufacturer. Ensure that ballvalve
matches pressure of water supply.
- Ensure that overflow pipe is fixed to falls, and located to give visible warning of
discharge. Agree position with CA.
80 SEALANT POINTING:
- Sealant: low modulus silicone based to BS 5889, Type B with fungicide.
Colour: white.
- Application: As section Z22.
P10 SUNDRY INSULATION/PROOFING WORK/FIRE STOPS
05 EAVES ROOF VENTILATORS FOR EXISTING ROOFS:

- Fix at eaves between all rafters to ensure free air space not less than required by
Building Regulations for ventilation of roof space.
10 LOFT INSULATION:
- Insulating material: To BS 5803.
Type: flexible non-combustible mineral fibre rolls laid between and across joists.
Depth: 250mm minimum
- Installation: To BS 5803-5, a copy of which must be kept on site.
20 LOFT ACCESS HATCH(ES):

- Insulate with mineral wool mat, the same thickness as the loft insulation, cut to fit with
no gaps and securely fixed.
- For new installations provide self finished insulated loft access and frame.
- Seal edges of hatch with an approved compressible draught excluder.
25 INSULATION TO WATER CISTERN(S):

- Mineral wool mat to BS 5803-1, Kitemark certified, where factory fitted insulation
does not already exist.
- Installation: To BS 5803-5.
40 INSULATION FITTED BETWEEN STUDS:

- Fit tightly with closely butted joints, leaving no gaps. Use fasteners where necessary
to prevent slumping.
60 VAPOUR CONTROL LAYER FIXED TO STUDS/JOISTS/FRAMING:

- Before fixing vapour control layer moisture content of timber must be below 20%.
- Set out with continuity, the minimum of joints and no sagging.
- Fix securely with staples at not more than 250 mm centres along all supports. Lap
only at supports and not less than 150 mm. Lap over and fix to reveals of openings.
- Seal all joints and edges with double sided tape.
- Seal at penetrations.
65 BREATHER MEMBRANE:
- Set out with continuity to form a barrier to prevent water, snow and wind blown dust
reaching the substrate.
- Lap joints not less than 100 mm horizontally and 150 mm vertically.
- Fix with galvanized, sherardized or stainless steel large head nails or stainless steel
staples.
- Seal at penetrations.
- Lap bottom edges over flashings, sills, etc. to allow free drainage to the exterior.
80 FIRE STOPPING: Ensure that any imperfections of fit between building elements
which are required to have fire resistance and/or resist the passage of smoke, are
completely sealed. Where not specified otherwise, tightly pack gaps with mineral
wool.
P11 FOAMED/FIBRE/BEAD CAVITY WALL INSULATION
10 SURVEY OF EXISTING WALLS: Before tendering carry out a survey to BS 8208:-1

to confirm suitability for filling with insulation. Submit a report with the tender
stating:
- Form of construction, materials used and any other variables.
- General condition of walls.
- Thickness of walls.
- Width and condition of cavity.
- Exposure to wind driven rain.
- Nature and extent of remedial work and other work required to ensure suitability.
- Any other information considered relevant.
20 REMEDIAL WORK: Include in the tender for remedial work shown to be necessary
by the survey.
21 REMEDIAL WORK shown to be necessary by the survey will be the Employer's

responsibility (but not sealing of gaps/ openings - see clause 70). Obtain instructions
or otherwise ensure that the remedial work has been satisfactorily completed before
starting insulation work.
25 SUITABILITY OF WALLS: Before and during filling of cavities, check suitability of

walls to BS 8208-1. Report any defects to CA as soon as possible and stop filling until
rectified.
50 CAVITY FILL:
- Granulated blown mineral fibre full fill cavity wall insulation of a type currently
certified by the British Board of Agrément (BBA) as suitable for the purpose and
exposure situation.
- Installed by an approved firm in accordance with the BBA Surveillance Scheme.
70 GAPS/OPENINGS:
- Seal openings into cavity where necessary to prevent loss of fill, using mineral wool
packed tightly.
- Remove air bricks/grilles of untrunked vents. Seal openings into cavity with mineral
wool or insert an approved sleeve to keep opening permanently clear.
75 INJECTION HOLES: Form neatly to a regular pattern and to sizes recommended by

cavity fill manufacturer. Avoid damage to dpcs, cavity trays, flues, etc. and prevent
debris falling into cavity. Form all holes in any one wall before commencing filling of
that wall.
80 MAKING GOOD: Remove any blockages from vents and refix or replace any air
bricks. Fill injection holes, replacing existing materials where possible to ensure a
close match of colour and texture with existing surface. Obtain approval of finished
appearance of first few holes before completing the remainder.
85 FLUES WITH NO APPLIANCE: Check for and remove any blockages. Carry out a
smoke test if a full inspection cannot be made. Inform CA before inspecting and
testing.
90 FLUES WITH AN APPLIANCE FITTED to be tested before and after filling

cavities. Inform CA before testing. Remove any blockages and retest as necessary
until performance is satisfactory.
95 DOCUMENTATION: Copies of all certificates, records, guarantees and other
documents provided by the subcontractor to be submitted to CA on completion.
P20 UNFRAMED ISOLATED TRIMS/SKIRTINGS/SUNDRY ITEMS
To be read with Preliminaries/General conditions.
10 SOFTWOOD SKIRTINGS
- Quality of timber and fixing: To BS 1186-3.
- Moisture content at time of fixing: 9 to 13 %.
- Profile: Bull nosed
- Finished size: 100mm minimum x 25 mm or to match existing.
- Finish as delivered: wrot.
10 SOFTWOOD ARCHITRAVES
- Profile: Bull nosed
- Finished size: 75mm minimum x 25 mm or to match existing.
- Finish as delivered: wrot.
10 OTHER ISOLATED JOINERY ITEMS

- Joinery workmanship: As section Z10.
- Methods of fixing and fastenings: As section Z20.
- Straight runs: Form in single lengths wherever possible.
- Running joints: Location and method of forming to be agreed where not detailed.
- Joints at angles: Mitre unless shown otherwise.
- Moisture content of timber and wood based boards: Maintain within the range
specified for the component during storage and installation.
P30 TRENCHES/PIPEWAYS/PITS FOR BURIED ENGINEERING SERVICES
10 ROUTES OF SERVICES BELOW GROUND

- Locations of new service runs: Submit proposals.
- Temporary marking: Indicate service runs with marker posts.
20 TRENCHES
- Width: As small as practicable.
- Trench sides: Vertical.
- Trench bottoms: Remove mud, rock projections, boulders and hard spots. Trim level.
- Give notice: To inspect trench for each section of the work.
30 PIPEDUCTS
- Types and sizes: As recommended by the service undertaker.
- General: Lay pipes straight to line, true to gradient or level on an even, continuous
bed.
- Bedding thickness: 100 mm minimum
- Clearance between pipe ducts where they cross (minimum): 50 mm.
- Drawlines: During laying, thread through pipeducts.
- Material, strength and length: As specified by service undertaker.
- Protection: Protect from ingress of debris. During construction, temporarily seal all
exposed ends.
- Inspection: Before backfilling, allow service undertakers to inspect installation.
- Surround material: Lay and compact to a level not less than 150 mm above pipeduct
crown.
40 BEDDING/SURROUND FOR PIPEDUCTS

- Selected as dug fill: Material free from vegetable matter, rubbish, frozen soil and
excluding lumps and stones retained on a 40 mm sieve, thoroughly compacted by
hand in layers not exceeding 150 mm, or
- Granular material: Single size 10 mm aggregate laid and compacted in 100 mm layers.
50 BACKFILLING
- Backfill from top of pipeduct surround: Material excavated from the trench.
- Backfilling: Lay and compact in 300 mm maximum layers. Do not use heavy
compactors before backfill is 600 mm deep.
P31 HOLES/CHASES/COVERS/SUPPORTS FOR SERVICES
10 HOLES, RECESSES AND CHASES IN MASONRY

- Locations: To maintain integrity of strength, stability and sound resistance of
construction.
- Sizes: Minimum needed to accommodate services.
- Holes (maximum): 300 x 300 mm.
- Walls of hollow or cellular blocks: Do not chase.
- Walls of other materials:
- Vertical chases: No deeper than one third of single leaf thickness.
- Horizontal or raking chases: No longer than 1 m. No deeper than one sixth of the
single leaf thickness.
- Chases and recesses: Do not set back to back. Offset by a clear distance at least equal
to the wall thickness.
- Cutting: Do not cut until mortar is fully set. Cut carefully and neatly. Avoid spalling,
cracking and other damage to surrounding structure.
20 NOTCHES AND HOLES IN STRUCTURAL TIMBER

- General: Avoid if possible.
- Sizes: Minimum needed to accommodate services.
- Position: Do not locate near knots or other defects.
- Notches and holes in same joist: Minimum 100 mm apart horizontally.
- Notches in joists: Locate at top. Form by sawing down to a drilled hole.
- Depth (maximum): 0.25 x joist depth.
- Distance from supports: Between 0.07 and 0.25 x span.
- Holes in joists: Locate on neutral axis.
- Diameter (maximum): 0.25 x joist depth.
- Centres (minimum): 3 x diameter of largest hole.
- Distance from supports: Between 0.25 and 0.4 of span.
- Notches in roof rafters, struts and columns: Not permitted.
- Holes in struts and columns: Locate on neutral axis.
- Diameter (maximum): 0.25 x minimum width of member.
- Centres (minimum): 3 x diameter of largest hole.
- Distance from ends: Between 0.25 and 0.4 of span.
30 PIPE SLEEVES
- Sleeves: Extend through full thickness of wall or floor. Position accurately.
- Clearance around service (maximum): 20 mm or diameter of service, whichever is
the lesser.
- Installation: Bed solid.
Q10 KERBS/EDGINGS/CHANNELS/PAVING ACCESSORIES
10 PRECAST CONCRETE KERBS, EDGINGS ETC.

- To BS 7263-1.
40 LAYING GENERALLY
- Cutting: Neatly, and accurately and without spalling. Form neat junctions.
- Bedding units on foundation: Allow mortar bedding to set and secure with a
continuous haunching of concrete.
- Concrete for foundations and haunching: To BS 5328, Designated mix GEN0 or
Standard mix ST1 or better, low workability.
- Mortar bedding: 1:3 cement:sand as section Z21.
- Bed thickness: 10-40 mm.
45 ACCURACY
- Deviations (maximum):
- Level: ± 6 mm.
- Horizontal and vertical alignment: 3 mm in 3 m.
50 TOOLED MORTAR JOINTS

- Jointing: As laying proceeds, butter ends of units with bedding mortar. Completely fill
joints. Tool to a neat flush profile.
- Joint width: 6 mm.
51 TOOLED COLOURED MORTAR JOINTS

- Jointing: As laying proceeds, butter ends of units with bedding mortar. Completely fill
joints and rake out to a depth of 10 mm for pointing.
- Pointing: Refill joints and tool to a neat flush profile.
- Pointing mortar: 1:3 cement:sand.
60 SEALANT MOVEMENT JOINTS

- Joint filler: Compressible cellular rubber or plastics. Build in as work proceeds,
extending through haunching and foundation and positioned to support correct depth
of sealant.
- Sealant application: As section Z22.
Q20 GRANULAR SUB-BASES TO PAVINGS
10 THICKNESSES OF SUB-BASES
- Thicknesses: As specified in the relevant paving section.
30 COMPACTION OF SUBGRADE
- Final excavation to formation level: Carry out immediately before compaction of
subgrade.
- Soft spots: Give notice.
- Wet conditions: Do not excavate or compact when the subgrade may be damaged or
destabilised.
- Thorough compaction:
- Use a mechanical rammer where use of a roller is not practical.
- Provide additional compaction where local excavation and backfilling has taken
place.
- Immediately before placing sub-base thoroughly compact subgrade with a roller
weighing not less than 2.5 tonnes or equivalent other plant.
- Apply weedkiller to ground before laying sub-stone
40 SUB-BASE
- Granular material: Free from ice, harmful matter and excessive dust or clay, well
graded, all pieces less than 75 mm in any direction, and selected from one of the
following:
- Crushed rock (other than argillaceous rock) or quarry waste.
- Crushed concrete, crushed brick or tile, free from plaster, timber and metal.
- Gravel or hoggin.
- Crushed nonexpansive slag.
- Well burned nonplastic colliery shale.
- Natural sand or gravel.
45 LAYING AND COMPACTING SUB-BASE

- Subgrade: Not frozen and free from loose soil, rubbish and standing water.
- Structures, membranes and buried services: Ensure stability and avoid damage.
- Spread and level and, as soon as possible thereafter, compact with a roller weighing
not less than 2.5 tonnes or other equivalent plant.
50 ACCURACY
- Permissible deviation (maximum) from required levels, falls and cambers:
Subgrade ± 20 mm
Sub-base ± 12 mm
60 BLINDING
- Locations: Surfaces to receive sand bedded interlocking brick or block paving to
section Q24 and Q25.
- Material: Sand, fine gravel, PFA or other approved.
- Finish: Vibrated to provide a close, smooth surface.
70 PROTECTION:
- Sub-bases: As soon as practicable, cover with subsequent layers, specified elsewhere.
- Subgrades and sub-bases: Prevent damage from construction traffic, construction
operations and inclement weather.
Q22 COATED MACADAM PAVINGS
10 COATED MACADAM PAVING TO DRIVEWAYS AND ALLOCATED

PARKING AREAS
- Materials and workmanship: To BS 4987.
- Granular sub-base: As clause Q20/40.
- Base:
- Type: Dense base macadam.
- Compacted thickness: 100 mm.
- Binder course:
- Type: Dense binder course macadam.
- Surface course:
- Type: 10 mm size close-graded macadam.
30 LAYING GENERALLY
- Preparation: Remove all loose material, rubbish and standing water.
- Adjacent work: Form neat junctions. Do not damage.
- Channels, kerbs, inspection covers etc: Keep clean.
- Permissible deviation from the required levels, falls and cambers (maximum):
- Finished surface: ±6 mm.
- Adjacent to gullies and manholes: +6 – 0 mm.
- New paving:
- Keep traffic free until it has cooled to prevailing atmospheric temperature.
- Do not allow rollers to stand at any time.
- Prevent damage.
- Lines and levels: With regular falls to prevent ponding.
- Overall texture: Smooth, even and free from dragging, tearing or segregation.
- State on completion: Clean.
Q28 TOPSOILING
10 UNDISTURBED TOPSOIL TO BE LANDSCAPED

- General: Prepare as necessary for subsequent cultivation operations.
- Hard ground: Break up with a ripper.
- Ground covered with turf or a thick sward: Plough or dig over to full depth of topsoil.
20 IMPORTED TOPSOIL
- Quantity: Provide as necessary to make up any deficiency existing on site and to
complete the work.
- Grade: General purpose to BS 3882.
- Grading: Reasonably free of stones and with maximum size of 50 mm in any
dimension.
- Purity: Free of weed seeds, roots of perennial weeds, sticks, subsoil and foreign
matter.
30 SPREADING TOPSOIL
- Temporary roads or surfacing: Remove before spreading topsoil.
- Spreading: Spread when reasonably dry, maintaining crumb structure. Do not
compact.
- Layers:
- Depth (maximum): 150 mm.
- Gently firm each layer before spreading the next.
40 FINISHED LEVELS OF TOPSOIL AFTER SETTLEMENT

- Above adjoining paving or kerbs: 30 mm.
- Within the root spread of existing trees: Unchanged.
- Below dpc of adjoining buildings: Not less than 150 mm.
- Shrub areas: Higher than adjoining grass areas by 30 mm.
- Adjoining soil areas. Marry in.
Q40 FENCING
05 CHAIN LINK FENCING:

- To BS 1722-1
Height: 1200 mm.
- Mesh and wire: galvanized chain link.
- Posts and struts: precast concrete.
Set posts and struts in concrete.
20 CLOSE BOARDED FENCING:

- To BS 1722-5.
Height: 1800 mm.
- Boards/rails: softwood feather edge boarding on 75 x 50 mm arris rails.
- Posts: precast concrete.
Set posts in concrete.
- Other requirements: 150 mm wide gravel board.
33 STEEL ANGLE BAR VERTICAL PALE
- To BS 1722-12:1999
- Height: Minimum 1 metre
- Vertical pales:30mm x 30mm x 3mm RSA flat or single pointed tops.
- Rails: 45mm x 45mm x 5mm RSA
- Posts: 102mm x 44mm RSJ
- Other requirements: All steel hot dipped galvanised.
- Pale to rail fixings M10 saddle bolts and nuts.
- Rail to post fixings M10 x 30mm cup square bolts with cone nuts.
34 STEEL PALLISADE VERTICAL PALE

- To BS 1722-12:1999
- Height: As specified
- Vertical pales: W steel section tri-pointed or round tops.
- Posts: 102mm x 44mm RSJ
- Other requirements: All steel hot dipped galvanised.
- Pale to rail fixings M8 T bolts with cone nuts.
- Rail to post fixings M12 x 30mm cup square bolts with cone nuts.
-
35 TIMBER GATE(S)/GATE POSTS:
- Timber to BS EN 942, Class J40.
- Preservative treatment: As section Z12 and British Wood Preserving Association
Commodity Specification C3.
Type and desired service life: CCA, 20 years.
- Adhesive: Synthetic resin to BS EN 301, type 1.
- Joinery workmanship: As section Z10.
- Fittings: heavy gauge galvanized tee hinges, heavy duty galvanized ring latch and pad
bolt with eye for padlock. Galvanised self-closing spring device, galvanized cabin
hook and eye.
40 STEEL GATE(S)/GATE POSTS:

- Materials and workmanship: As section Z11.
Jointing: Welded.
Finish as delivered: Hot dip galvanized to BS EN ISO 1461 after fabrication.
- Fittings: as specified.
43 STEEL ANGLE BAR VERTICAL PALE GATES & POSTS

Frame: 50mm x 50mm x 3mm SHS
Posts: 100mm x100mm x 5mm SHS
Jointing: Welded.
_ Finish as delivered: Hot dip galvanized to BS EN ISO 1461 after fabrication.
_ Cladding: to match fence.
44 STEEL PALLISADE VERTICAL PALE GATES & POSTS

Frame: 50mm x 50mm x 3mm SHS
Posts: 100mm x100mm x 5mm SHS
Jointing: Welded.
_ Finish as delivered: Hot dip galvanized to BS EN ISO 1461 after fabrication.
_ Cladding: to match fence.
60 INSTALLATION: Fencing to be set out and erected:

- By an experienced fencing contractor.
- In straight lines or smoothly flowing curves.
- With tops of posts following profile of the ground.
- With posts set rigid, plumb and to specified depth, or greater where necessary to
ensure adequate support.
- With correct fastenings and all components securely fixed.
70 SETTING POSTS IN CONCRETE:

- Mix: To BS 5328, Designated mix GEN1 or Standard mix ST2 or better (alternative
mix 50 kg Portland cement, class 42.5 to 150 kg fine aggregate to 250 kg 20 mm
nominal maximum size coarse aggregate, mixed thoroughly to give medium
workability). Do not use admixtures.
- Excavate holes neatly and with vertical sides.
- Unless specified otherwise position post/strut and fill hole with concrete to not less
than half the depth, well rammed as filling proceeds and consolidated.
- Backfill with excavated material, well rammed and consolidated.
80 TIMBER RAILS: Each rail must span not less than two bays with joints in adjacent
rails staggered. Nail each length of rail to each post with two 100 mm galvanized wire
nails. Rails with split ends must be replaced.
85 SITE CUTTING OF TIMBER to be kept to a minimum with no cutting where to be

used below or near ground level. Treat surfaces exposed by minor cutting and drilling
with two flood coats of a solution recommended for the purpose by main treatment
solution manufacturer.
R10 RAINWATER PIPEWORK/GUTTERS
15 ALUMINIUM GUTTERS:
- Gutters and fittings: To BS 2997.
Profile: 100mm minimum diamter ogee section.
Type/Grade: seamless aluminium
Colour: black or brown.
- Fixing: in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations
20 PLASTICS PIPEWORK
- Pipes, fittings and accessories: PVC-U.
- Sections/ Nominal sizes: half round, 65mm minimum diameter.
- Colour: black or brown.
- Fixing: in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations
40 RAINWATER OUTLETS:
Outlet: Type and direction to suit pipework with adaptors and connections
recommended for the purpose by outlet manufacturer.
- Install to ensure the complete discharge of rainwater from the building without
leaking.
- Obtain all components for each type of pipework/guttering from the same
manufacturer unless specified otherwise.
- Provide access fittings and rodding eyes as necessary in convenient locations to
permit adequate cleaning and testing of pipework.
- Provide for thermal and building movement when fixing and jointing, and ensure that
clearances are not reduced as fixing proceeds.
- Where not specified otherwise use plated, sherardized, galvanized or nonferrous
fastenings, suitable for the purpose and background, and compatible with the material
being fixed or fixed to.
60 GUTTERS:
- Set out to a true line to ensure no ponding or backfall. Position high points of gutters
as close as practical to the roof and low points not more than 50 mm below the roof.
- Overlap joints in direction of fall and seal as specified to make watertight.
- Ensure that roofing underlay is dressed into gutter.
70 PIPEWORK:
- Fix securely at specified centres plumb and/or true to line with additional supports as
necessary to support pipe collars, particularly at changes in direction.
- Make changes in direction of pipe runs only where shown on drawings unless
otherwise approved.
- Cut ends of pipes to be clean and square with burrs and swarf removed.
80 INTERNAL PIPEWORK TEST:

- Temporarily seal open ends of pipework with plugs.
- Connect a U tube water gauge and pump air into pipework until gauge registers 38
mm.
- Allow a period for temperature stabilization, after which the pressure of 38 mm is to
be maintained without loss for not less than 3 minutes.
R11 FOUL DRAINAGE ABOVE GROUND
10 PVC-U SOIL/VENT PIPEWORK AND WC BRANCHES

- Pipes, fittings and accessories:
- Standard: To BS EN 1329-1 or BS 4514, Kitemark certified.
- Additional requirements: weather resistance to BS 4514, clause 3.2 for external
pipework.
- Colour: white.
- Fixing: plastics clips, colour to match pipes
20 PLASTICS BRANCH PIPEWORK

- Pipes, fittings and accessories:
- Material/Standard: plastics to BS 5255, BS EN 1329-1, BS EN 1451-1 or BS EN
1455-1, Kitemark certified.
- Colour: white.
- Fixing: plastics clips, colour to match pipes
45 AIR ADMITTANCE VALVES

- Standard: To prEN 12380 and/or Agrément certified.
- Position: Vertical.
- Unheated locations: Fit manufacturer’s insulating cover.
50 INSTALLATION GENERALLY
- Standard:
- BS EN 2056-1, clauses 3-6.
- BS EN 2056-2, clauses 3-6, National Annex NA-NG, System III.
- BS EN 2056-5, clauses 4-6, 8, 9 and 11.
- Drainage from appliances: Quick, quiet and complete, without blockage, crossflow,
backfall, leakage, odours, noise nuisance or risk to health.
- Components: From same manufacturer for each type of pipework.
- Access: Provide access fittings in convenient locations to permit cleaning and testing
of pipework.
- Thermal and building movement: Provide and maintain clearance as fixing and
jointing proceeds.
- Fixings: To allow the pipe to slide.
- Finish: Plated, sherardized, galvanized or other nonferrous.
- Compatibility: Suitable for the purpose, material being fixed and background.
60 PIPEWORK
- Fixing: Securely at specified centres plumb and/or true to line. Fix every length of
discharge stack pipe at or close below socket collar or coupling.
- Additional supports: Provide as necessary at junctions and changes in direction.
- Cut ends of pipes: Clean and square with burrs and swarf removed.
70 PIPEWORK TEST
- Preparation: Temporarily seal open ends of pipework with plugs.
- Testing: Connect a ‘U’ tube water gauge and pump air into pipework until gauge
registers 38 mm.
- Required performance: Allow a period for temperature stabilisation, after which the
pressure of 38 mm is to be maintained without loss for not less than three minutes.
R12 DRAINAGE BELOW GROUND
02 EXISTING DRAINS: Before starting work, check levels and positions of existing
drains, inspection chambers and manholes against drawings and report any
discrepancies.
04 IN SITU CONCRETE: To BS 5328 or equivalent or better mix subject to approval.

Different mixes may be used for different parts of the drainage work.
14 PLASTICS PIPELINES
- Pipes, bends and junctions: PVC-U to BS EN 1401-1, class SN4, Kitemark certified.
- Bedding class: as required by location.
- Warning marker tape: as required by location.
19 EXCAVATING PIPE TRENCHES:

- Trench width to be as small as practicable but not less than external diameter of pipe
plus 300 mm. Deep trenches to be shored and protected.
- Trench sides must be vertical from bottom up to 300 mm above crown of pipe.
- Where the type of subsoil at the level of the crown of the pipe differs from that stated
for the type of pipeline, obtain instructions before proceeding.
- Excavate to formation immediately before laying beds or pipes.
- Remove mud, rock projections, boulders and hard spots and replace with bedding
material, well consolidated.
- Harden local soft spots by tamping in bedding material.
21 BEDDING/JOINTING GENERALLY:
- Lay pipes to true line and regular gradient on an even bed for the full length of the
barrel with sockets (if any) facing up the gradient.
- Joint using recommended lubricants, leaving recommended gaps at ends of spigots to
allow for movement.
- Comply with local authority requirements in respect of arrangement, flexible jointing,
bedding and surround of pipes at junctions with manholes, foundation walls and other
points where differential settlement may occur.
23 CLASS D NATURAL BED:

- Hand trim to accurate levels, levelling up any overdig with compacted spoil.
- Cut holes for couplings/sockets and lay pipes resting uniformly on their barrels,
adjusting to line and gradient. Do not use hard packings under pipes.
- After initial testing, backfill to 150 mm above crown of pipe with a protective cushion
of selected fill, free from vegetable matter, rubbish and frozen soil and material
retained on a 40 mm sieve. Thoroughly hand compact in 100 mm layers.
25 CLASS F GRANULAR BED:

- Granular material: 10 mm single sized aggregate to BS 882.
- Lay and compact to a thickness suitable for the pipe and ground conditions. Scoop
out locally at couplings/sockets and lay pipes digging slightly into bed and resting
uniformly on their barrels. Adjust to line and gradient.
- After initial testing, backfill to 150 mm above crown of pipe with a protective cushion
of selected fill, free from vegetable matter, rubbish and frozen soil and material
retained on a 40 mm sieve. Thoroughly hand compact in 100 mm layers.
27 CLASS P FULL DEPTH GRANULAR SUPPORT:

- Lay and compact to a thickness appropriate to ground conditions. Scoop out locally at
couplings/sockets and lay pipes digging slightly into bed and resting uniformly on
their barrels. Adjust to line and gradient.
- After initial testing, lay and compact by hand more granular material uniformly to 100
mm above crown of pipe.
29 CLASS Q GRANULAR SURROUND WITH PROTECTION:

- Granular material: As for Class P bedding.
- Lay pipes as for Class P bedding (clause 27).
- After initial testing, lay and compact by hand more granular material to 75 mm above
crown of pipe. Rake out to an even bed and lay precast paving flags to BS 7263, 450
mm wide and butted together (if necessary increasing width of upper part of trench).
Backfill with soil or topsoil as appropriate.
31 CLASS W GRANULAR SURROUND:

- Excavate trench after hardcore has been laid and compacted.
- Lay and compact to a thickness not less than 100 mm. Scoop out locally at
couplings/sockets and lay pipes digging slightly into bed and resting uniformly on
their barrels. Adjust to line and gradient.
- After initial testing, lay and compact by hand more granular material to 100 mm
above crown of pipe.
- Backfill with hardcore or granular material compacted in layers not exceeding 300
mm thick up to slab formation.
35 CLASS X GRANULAR SURROUND FOR GROUND WATER:

- Lay 75 mm deep bed, at least 100 mm wider than pipe, with 10 mm single size
material to BS 882.
- Lay pipes and adjust to line and gradient.
- Complete surround with more 10 mm single size material compacted to 150 mm
above crown of pipe.
37 CLASS Y CONCRETE SURROUND FOR SHALLOW PIPES UNDER

BUILDINGS:
- Where crown of pipe is less than 300 mm below underside of slab, encase pipe in
concrete, of same mix as slab and cast integrally with slab. Extend length of concrete
surround to within 150 mm of nearest flexible joint.
- Excavate trench after hardcore has been laid and compacted.
- Lay concrete blinding, 25 mm thick, over full width of trench.
- Lay pipes on folding wedges of compressible board not less than 100 mm above
blinding.
39 CLASS Z CONCRETE SURROUND:

- Concrete mix: As clause 04.
- Lay concrete blinding, 25 mm thick, over full width of trench.
- Lay pipes on blinding on folding wedges of compressible board not less than 100 mm
above blinding.
- Form vertical construction joints in surround at face of flexible pipe joints using 18
mm thick compressible board precut to profile of pipe. Fill any gap between spigot
and socket with resilient material to prevent entry of concrete.
- After testing, place and compact concrete for full width of trench to encase pipe to
150 mm above crown or to other height as specified or shown on drawings.
41 TRENCHES LESS THAN 1 M FROM FOUNDATIONS: Where bottom of trench is
lower than bottom of foundation, use Class Z concrete surround. Top of concrete to be
not lower than bottom of foundation.
44 BENDS AT BASE OF SOIL STACKS:

- Unless specified otherwise, use a 90° nominal rest bend with a minimum radius of
200 mm to centreline of the pipe.
- Invert of horizontal drain at base of stack to be not less than 450 mm below centreline
of lowest branch pipe.
- Stabilize bend(s) by bedding in concrete without impairing the flexibility of
couplings.
47 DIRECT CONNECTION OF GROUND FLOOR WCS TO DRAINS: Drop from

crown of WC trap to invert of drain must not exceed 1.5 m. Horizontal distance from
the drop to a ventilated drain must not exceed 6 m.
58 INSTALLATION OF FITTINGS:
- Set fittings square with and tightly jointed to adjacent construction as appropriate.
- Bed and surround fittings, traps, etc. in concrete, 150 mm thick, mix as clause 04.
- Permissible deviation in level of gullies to be +0 to -10mm.
61 BRICK MANHOLES/INSPECTION CHAMBERS:

- Bases: 150 mm thick plain concrete, mix as clause 04.
- Brickwork: Type F10 with frogs facing upwards.
- Steps: galvanized step irons to BS 1247.
Bed in joints to all chambers over 900 mm deep at 300 mm vertical centres staggered
300 mm horizontally, with top step not more than 450 mm below top of cover.
- Cover slabs: openings to suit required access covers.
Concrete mix as clause 04.
Reinforcement: Steel fabric to BS 4483.
- Access covers and seating: Cast iron as clause 79.
64 PLASTICS INSPECTION CHAMBERS

- Bedding: Granular material to BS 882
- Backfilling: Granular material to 100 mm above crown of pipes then selected as dug
material
- Access covers and seating: as specified and according to location.
69 CONVENTIONAL CHANNEL(S), BRANCHES AND BENCHING:

- Bed main channel solid in 1:3 cement:sand mortar. Connect branches to main channel,
preferably at half channel level, so that discharge flows smoothly in direction of main
flow.
- Form concrete benching, mix as clause 04, to rise vertically from main channel to a
height not lower than soffit of outlet pipe, then slope upwards at 10% to walls. Within
3 hours steel float with coat of 1:3 cement:sand mortar.
71 PREFORMED PLASTICS CHANNEL(S), BRANCHES AND BENCHING:

Sizes and integral branches to suit each manhole.
- Remove temporary caps as necessary and make pipework connections. Bed
component in 1:3 cement:sand mortar. Form concrete benching, mix as clause 04,
with 10% fall from manhole walls to component rim. Within 3 hours steel float with
coat of 1:3 cement:sand mortar.
74 SEALED ACCESS FITTING(S), BRANCHES AND BENCHING:

Sizes and integral branches to suit each manhole.
- Make pipework connections and fit caps to unused branches. Bed component in 1:3
cement:sand mortar. Form concrete benching, mix as clause 04, with 10% fall from
manhole walls to component rim. Within 3 hours steel float with coat of 1:3
cement:sand mortar.
79 CAST IRON ACCESS COVERS AND SEATING:

- Covers: Grey iron or ductile iron to BS EN 124.
- Seating: Make up in engineering bricks to BS 3921,
Class B, laid in 1:3 cement:sand mortar.
- Bed and haunch frame solidly in 1:3 cement:sand mortar square with joints in
surrounding finishes. Cut back top of haunching to 30 mm below top of cover.
81 CONNECTION TO SEWERS: Connect new pipework to existing sewers to the

requirements of the Adopting Authority.
84 TESTING/INSPECTION GENERALLY:
- Check that all sections of installation are free from obstruction and debris before
testing.
- Provide water, assistance and apparatus as required.
- All lengths of drain, manholes and inspection chambers must pass the tests specified.
If permitted test loss or infiltration is exceeded, remedy defect(s) before retesting after
an appropriate period.
87 WATER/AIR TESTING OF DRAINS:

- To ensure that pipelines are sound and properly installed, air test short lengths to BS
8301, clause 25.6.3 immediately after completion of bedding/surround.
- For final checking and statutory authority approval, water test to BS 8301, clause
25.6.2 all lengths of pipeline from terminals and connections to manholes/chambers
and between manholes/chambers.
89 WATER TESTING OF MANHOLES/INSPECTION CHAMBERS: Before

backfilling test each manhole or chamber in accordance with BS 8301, clause 25.7
for:
- Exfiltration: Drop in water level to be not more than relevant dimension in Table 9.
- Infiltration: Inflow to be not more than 1 litre per hour per m² of manhole/inspection
chamber wall. Repair any visible leaks.
91 BACKFILLING TO PIPELINES GENERALLY: Unless specified otherwise, backfill

from top of specified surround or protective cushion with material excavated from the
trench, compacted in 300 mm layers. Do not use heavy compactors before there is 600
mm of material over pipes.
94 BACKFILLING UNDER ROADS AND PAVINGS: Backfill from top of specified

surround or protective cushion up to formation level with well graded gravel or
hardcore passing a 75 mm sieve, well compacted in 150 mm layers.
97 CLEANING: Flush out the whole installation and remove all silt and debris
immediately before handing over.
S12 HOT AND COLD WATER
- Complete the design and install the systems to comply with BS 6700 and be free from
leaks and water hammer.
- All installation work to be carried out by qualified operatives.
- Electrical work in connection with the installation must be in accordance with BS
7671 (The IEE Wiring Regulations).
- Comply with restrictions on the cutting of holes, chases, notches, etc. specified in
section P31.
- In locations where moisture is present or may occur, use corrosion resistant
fittings/fixings and avoid contact between dissimilar metals by use of suitable
washers, etc.
- All equipment, pipework, components, valves, etc. to be fully accessible for
maintenance, repair or replacement.
- Installation to be fitted with vents at high points and draining taps at low points to
facilitate purging and draining.
10 CENTRAL HOT WATER STORAGE:

- System: Open vented.
Capacity: to design.
Insulation: factory fitted CFC free.
- Heat source: Primary circuit from heating boiler (see section T32) to be capable of
raising temperature of water from 10°C to 60°C within 1 hour.
- Temperature of stored hot water: 60-65°C.
- Thermostat for primary heat source: To the relevant parts of BS 3955, BS EN 60730
and BS EN 61058, strap-on type.
- Immersion heater: To BS EN 60335-2-73, with thermostat, BEAB Approved.
18 CENTRAL HOT WATER STORAGE:

- System: Open vented.
Capacity: to design.
Insulation: factory fitted CFC free.
- Heat source: Immersion heater to BS EN 60335-2-73, with thermostat, BEAB
Approved.
To be capable of raising temperature of water from 10°C to 60°C within 1 hour.
- Temperature of stored hot water: 60-65°C.
36 CISTERN(S):
- Moulded plastics to BS 4213, Kitemark certified, and complying with the additional
requirements of BS 7181 unless specified otherwise. Size: 250 litres.
- Valve: Float operated diaphragm type to BS 1212 with plastics float to BS 2456, size
to suit water pressure.
- Outlet pipe to be at least 30 mm above bottom of cistern.
40 VALVES:
- Types approved for the purpose by the local water undertaker and of the appropriate
pressure/temperature ratings. Kitemark certified.
- Provide in convenient locations for isolation and regulation of all equipment and
subcircuits.
- Fit with handwheels where appropriate for isolation by the building user.
45 SERVICE PIPELINE TO BUILDING:

- Tube: Blue polyethylene to BS 6572, Kitemark certified.
- Jointing: As recommended by tube manufacturer.
- Lay not less than 750 mm below finished ground level.
- If rising into building within 750 mm of external wall or passing through a void below
floor level, fit insulation from floor level to 600 mm beyond external face of building.
- Seal both ends of pipeducts with nonhardening, noncracking, water resistant
compound.
- Testing: Disconnect from the mains, fill with potable water, and apply at least twice
the working pressure for one hour, during which there must be no leakage.
50 COPPER PIPELINES:
- Tube: To BS EN 1057, Kitemark certified.
- Joint fittings: To BS EN 1254, Kitemark certified. Capillary fittings to be lead-free.
- Supports: plastic with pipe clip.
- Do not use formed bends on exposed pipework except for small offsets. Form changes
of direction with radius fittings.
- Use purpose designed adaptors for connecting dissimilar materials: do not improvise.
- Protect background and plastics pipes and fittings from heat damage when forming
soldered joints. Clean off all flux residue. Do not use ‘self-cleaning’ fluxes.
55 WATER PIPELINE SIZES: Calculate sizes to suit the probable simultaneous demand
for the building and to ensure:
- A water velocity of not more than 1.3 m/s for hot water and 2.0 m/s for cold water.
- Suitable discharge rates at draw off points.
- A filling time for the cold water storage cistern of not more than one hour.
60 FIXING PIPELINES:
- Runs to be straight and parallel or perpendicular to walls, floors, ceilings, etc. as
appropriate. Obtain approval of routes before commencing work.
- Where reasonably possible conceal pipe runs within floor, ceiling or roof voids.
- Run hot pipes above cold where routed together horizontally. Do not run pipes
through electrical enclosures or above switch gear, distribution boards or the like.
- Fix at adequate centres with minimum of bends and offsets.
- Allow for thermal movement and isolate from structure where necessary to prevent
noise or abrasion caused by movement. Pipes passing through walls to be sleeved as
specified in section P31.
- Prevent ingress of dirt during installation.
- Completed pipelines to be of consistent bore, clean and free from external scratching,
toolmarks, distortion, cracks and other defects.
66 INSULATION TO PIPELINES:
- Fit to all hot and cold water pipelines, including those which are concealed from view,
but not to short lengths in prominent positions adjacent to appliances.
- Material: Preformed flexible closed cell or mineral fibre preformed split tube with
thermal performance to BS 5422.
- Fit insulation after completion of testing, ensuring continuity over fittings and at
supports, leaving no gaps and with the split on ‘blind’ side of pipeline.
70 EXTERNAL WATER PIPELINES to be insulated where exposed to air and where

less than 750 mm below ground level.
75 WARNING PIPE:
- Material: PVC-U to BS 5255, solvent welded joints. Outside diameter to be greater
than that of inlet pipe but not less than 22 mm.
- Difference between normal water level and overflow level to be not less than bore of
warning pipe.
- Fall to be not less than 1 in 10 with supports to prevent sagging, with turned down
end, discharging in approved prominent position.
- Turn down end within the cistern, terminating 50 mm below normal water level.
- Fit with insulation where the pipe is in an uninsulated space.
80 VENT PIPE to be not less than 20 mm diameter with no restrictions or valves and to
discharge over cistern.
85 DISCHARGE PIPE from unvented hot water storage system to be sized to suit the
outlet on the safety device, laid to a fall not less than 1 in 80 and to discharge via an
air break and tundish to drain.
90 GAS SUPPLY PIPELINES/INSTALLATION GENERALLY:

- Install and test to BS 6891.
- Ensure that gas supply meter and distribution pipelines are adequate for the maximum
anticipated demand.
- Fit service cocks to permit removal of appliances.
95 TESTING THE SYSTEM:

- Give at least 3 days notice to CA before testing.
- Thoroughly flush out all parts of the system, fill with water, remove all air and check
for leaks. Carry out hydraulic pressure test to twice the working pressure on all
inaccessible or buried pipelines. If leaks are evident, repair and repeat test.
- Run system to maximum operating temperature and allow to cool for at least 3
hours.Test to 1.5 times the design maximum pressure, to the Water Supply (Water
Fittings) Regulations, Schedule 2, paragraph 12, and check for leaks. If leaks are
evident, repair and repeat test.
- Check and adjust operation of all equipment, controls and safety devices. Check
operation of all outlets for satisfactory rate of flow and temperature.
T32 LOW TEMPERATURE HOT WATER HEATING
02 THE INSTALLATION:
- Heat source: gas fired boiler
- Heat emitters: steel panel round top radiators
- Circulation: pumped
- Other requirements: 7-day time clock, hot water storage, thermostatic controls.
04 BASIC DESIGN TEMPERATURES: Design the system to achieve the following

temperatures assuming the stated ventilation rates and an appropriate base external air
temperature:
Room(s) Air temp °C Ventilation rate
Lounge/Dining 21 1
Kitchen 18 1½
Hall/Landing 18 1½
Bedrooms 20 ½
Bathroom 22 2
08 WATER TEMPERATURE AND VELOCITY: Design the system to operate within

the following maxima:
- Boiler flow temperature: 82 °C
- Difference across primary heating circuit: 11 °C.
- Difference across primary hot water circuit: 11 °C.
- Velocity: 1.0 m/sec.
10 SYSTEM CAPACITY:
- Output of heating surface area in any space to be near to, but not less than, the design
heat loss for that space, making appropriate additional allowances for anticipated
pattern of use, thermal capacity of the construction and any special exposure
conditions.
- Boiler output to be not less than the total calculated heat loss, including emission from
the system pipelines.
- Boiler output must, at the same time, be capable of meeting the hot water supply
requirements specified in section S12.
12 SYSTEM CONTROL:
- Provide fully automatic and independent temperature and time control of the system.
Ensure that all controls are compatible with each other and with the central heating
boiler. Controls are to include:
 3-port control valve
 Room thermostat
 Cylinder thermostat
 7-day digital timeclock with 2 on/offs per day
 Control junction box
- Gravity circulation must not occur in the heating circuit. Design the system
accordingly or fit an antigravity valve.
- Bypass and pump overrun to be fitted if recommended by the boiler manufacturer.
- Complete the design, install and balance the system so that it complies with the water
supply byelaws/regulations, and is safe, efficient, free from leaks, excessive noise and
vibration.
- All installation work to be carried out by qualified operatives.
- Electrical work in connection with the installation must be in accordance with BS
7671 (The IEE Wiring Regulations).
- Comply with restrictions on the cutting of holes, chases, notches, etc. specified in
section P31.
- In locations where moisture is present or may occur, use corrosion resistant
fittings/fixings and avoid contact between dissimilar metals by use of suitable
washers, etc.
- All equipment, pipework, components, valves, etc. to be fully accessible for
maintenance, repair or replacement.
- Installation to be fitted with vents at high points and draining taps at low points to
facilitate purging and draining.
- Each time system is refilled provide a liquid corrosion inhibitor (percentage to
manufacturers design/recommendations). Provide a certificate confirming the
percentage corrosion inhibitor, with date. Apply a self adhesive label repeating this
information to the casing of the boiler, fixed in a prominent location.
20 CENTRAL HEATING BOILER:

Type: gas fired, Sedbuck rated A
Casing/Finish: white.
Flue: balanced flue.
24 GAS FIRE WITH BACK BOILER:

To BS 5258-8 and BS 6332-3, installed to BS 5871-1.
28 GAS FIRE:
To BS 5258 and BS 6332-2, installed to BS 5871.
30 EXISTING CHIMNEY: Thoroughly clean. Carry out a smoke test. If any obstructions
or leaks are revealed, submit proposals for making good and obtain approval.
32 FLUE LINER:
- Flexible, spirally wound, austenitic stainless steel tube, size to suit boiler, with all
necessary fittings.
- Ensure that flue is unobstructed and clean. Install liner in one piece, fixing securely at
top of stack and to boiler with clamps supplied for the purpose by liner manufacturer.
- Seal joint at boiler with recommended jointing material, to give a gas tight
installation.
34 FLUE PIPE:
- Size to suit appliance, with all fittings necessary to provide a complete installation.
Finish/Colour: white
- Install with sockets uppermost, fully supported and with joints filled with approved
jointing material to give a gas tight installation. Keep bends to a minimum and slopes
at not more than 30° from vertical. Do not locate joints within the depth of floors.
- Ensure that flue pipe is not less than the required minimum distance from combustible
materials and can adequately accommodate thermal movement.
- Roof terminal: ridge terminal, wherever possible. Other locations only with express
permission.
38 AIR SUPPLY TO APPLIANCE: Inform CA of air supply requirements and agree

size(s) and location(s) of vent(s).
50 FEED AND EXPANSION CISTERN:

- Moulded plastics to BS 4213, Kitemark certified with removable cover. Size to suit
system requirements.
- Valve: Float operated diaphragm type to BS 1212 with plastics float to BS 2456, size
to suit water pressure.
- Insulation: factory fitted CFC free.
Fix securely to sides and top of cistern using suitable tape/ adhesive, leaving no gaps
but allowing removal of access cover with minimum disturbance to insulation.
Insulate underside of cistern where exposed in unheated spaces.
52 CIRCULATING PUMP(S):
- To BS 1394-2 or BS EN 1151 and BS EN 60335-2-51. Kitemark certified.
- Adjustable to give the required temperature differential between flow and return and
with a facility for venting.
56 RADIATORS:
To BS EN 442.
Material: steel round top
Finish: white enamel.
64 VALVES GENERALLY:
- Types approved for the purpose by the local water supply undertaker and of the
appropriate pressure/temperature ratings. Kitemark certified.
- Provide in convenient locations for isolation and regulation of all equipment, heat
emitters and subcircuits.
- Fit with handwheels where appropriate for isolation by the building user.
66 MANUAL RADIATOR VALVES:

- Copper alloy to BS 2767.
Finish: chromium plated.
- Fit handwheel on flow side of radiator and lockshield on return side.
68 THERMOSTATIC RADIATOR VALVES:
- To BS EN 215-1 and capable of providing isolation.
Finish: chromium plated.
- Fit lockshield valve to BS 2767 with matching finish to return side of radiator.
72 COPPER PIPELINES:
- Tube: To BS EN 1057, Kitemark certified.
- Joint fittings: To BS EN 1254, Kitemark certified. Capillary fittings to be lead-free.
- Supports: plastic two piece with pipe clip.
- Do not use formed bends on exposed pipework except for small offsets. Form changes
of direction with radius fittings.
- Use purpose designed adaptors for connecting dissimilar materials: do not improvise.
- Protect background and plastics pipes and fittings from heat damage when forming
soldered joints. Clean off all flux residue. Do not use 'self cleaning' fluxes.
76 FIXING PIPELINES:
- Runs to be straight and parallel or perpendicular to walls, floors, ceilings, etc. as
appropriate. Obtain approval of routes before commencing work.
- Where reasonably possible, conceal pipe runs within floor, ceiling or roof voids.
- Run hot pipes above cold where routed together horizontally.
- Do not run pipes through electrical enclosures or above switch gear, distribution
boards or the like.
- Fix at adequate centres with minimum of bends and offsets.
- Allow for thermal movement and isolate from structure where necessary to prevent
noise or abrasion caused by movement. Pipes passing through walls to be sleeved as
specified in section P31.
- Prevent ingress of dirt during installation.
- Completed pipelines to be of consistent bore, clean and free from external scratching,
toolmarks, distortion, cracks and other defects.
81 INSULATION TO PIPELINES:
- Fit to all pipelines, but not to short lengths in prominent positions adjacent to emitters.
- Material: Preformed flexible closed cell or mineral fibre preformed split tube with
thermal performance to BS 5422.
- Fit insulation after completion of testing, ensuring continuity over fittings and at
supports, leaving no gaps and with the split on the 'blind' side of the pipeline.
84 WARNING PIPE:
- Material: PVC-U to BS 5255, solvent welded joints. Outside diameter to be greater
than that of inlet pipe but not less than 22 mm.
- Difference between normal water level and overflow level to be not less than bore of
warning pipe.
- Fall to be not less than 1 in 10 with supports to prevent sagging, with turned down
end, discharging in an approved prominent position.
- Turn down end within the cistern, terminating 50 mm below normal water level.
- Fit with insulation where the pipe is in an uninsulated space.
86 VENT PIPE to be not less than 20 mm diameter with no restrictions or valves and to
discharge over feed and expansion cistern.
90 GAS SUPPLY PIPELINES/INSTALLATION GENERALLY:

- Install and test to BS 6891.
- Ensure that gas supply meter and distribution pipelines are adequate for the maximum
anticipated demand.
- Fit service cocks to permit removal of appliances.
95 TESTING AND BALANCING:
- Give at least 3 days notice to CA before testing.
- Thoroughly flush out all parts of the system without contaminating circulating pump.
Remove pump if necessary.
- Completely fill system, remove all air and check for leaks.
- Run system to maximum operating temperature and allow to cool for at least 3 hours.
Test to 1.5 times the design maximum pressure, to the Water Supply (Water Fittings)
Regulations, schedule 2, paragraph 12, and check for leaks. If leaks are evident, repair
and repeat test.
- When boiler is operating check and adjust operation of all equipment, controls and
safety devices. Balance system to achieve satisfactory temperature at each heat emitter
and in the hot water system.
U10 GENERAL VENTILATION
05 VENTILATION GENERALLY:
- All units to be BEAB approved and Kitemark certified.
- Comply with BS 3535 for water ingress protection for all units located in wet areas
(i.e. bathrooms and kitchens).
10 VENTILATOR FOR HEATING APPLIANCES:

- Do not use ventilators fitted with insect mesh, or any means of adjusting or restricting
the opening.
- Type/Size: to meet the heating appliance manufacturer, British Standard and CORGI
requirements.
- Free area: white
20 VENTILATION FAN UNIT TO WC AND BATHROOMS

- To BS EN 60335-2-80, BEAB approved. Long life lo-watt motors IP44 rated.
- Performance: WCs: 6 l/s, Bathrooms: 15 l/s with 15 minute overrun.
- Mounting: to external wall duct to discharge directly to outside
- Controls: light switch operated and 15 minute overrun timer.
- Accessories/Other Requirements: 100mm telescopic wall kit and external grille,
electronic shutters.
21 VENTILATION FAN UNIT TO KITCHENS

- To BS EN 60335-2-80, BEAB approved. Long life lo-watt motors IP44 rated.
- Performance: Utility: 30 l/s, Kitchens: 60 l/s.
- Mounting: to external wall duct to discharge directly to outside
- Controls: humidistat sensor
- Accessories/Other Requirements: 100mm telescopic wall kit and external grille,
electronic shutters.
30 RIGID DUCTING:
- Type/size(s): PVCu 200mm x 60mm.
Complete with all necessary fixings, jointing, bends, junctions, reducers, connectors,
adaptors, etc.
32 FLEXIBLE DUCTING:
- Type/size(s): 50mm or 100mm PVC coated glass fibre fabric on PVC coated steel
wire helix.
Complete with all necessary jointing, junctions, reducers, connectors, adaptors, etc.
36 SUPPLY/EXTRACT AIR TERMINAL:
- Type/Size: PVCu to match fan/duct
- Colour/Finish: plastic to match brickwork externally, white internally.
38 EXTERNAL GRILLE:
- Type/Size: PVCu to match fan/duct
- Colour/Finish: plastic to match brickwork.
60 DUCTWORK GENERALLY:
- Seal joints to provide a robust airtight installation.
- Support ductwork correctly without distortion or reduction in cross-sectional area and
without strain on joints.
- Fully extend flexible ductwork, without overstretching, and support to form smooth
curvature without kinking, sagging or slumping.
- Install ductwork with a fall away from fans, dampers and other accessories wherever
possible.
62 PASSIVE STACK VENTILATION SYSTEMS:

- Install ductwork in runs that are as short and straight as possible, with smooth
curvature and at an angle of not more than 45° from vertical.
64 COMPLETION:
- Thoroughly examine ductwork for obvious leakage, and make good if necessary.
- Test for correct operation of all fans, equipment, controls and sensors, and make good
if necessary.
- At Practical Completion hand over to the CA all necessary instructions, tools, keys,
etc.
V90 GENERAL LIGHTING AND POWER
05 THE INSTALLATION
- Special systems: night storage heaters.
10 INSTALLATION GENERALLY
- Electricity supply company: Confirm or determine suitability of supply and earthing
arrangement, and connection when required.
- Standard: Install, test and commission the electrical work in accordance with BS 7671
(The IEE Wiring Regulations) and requirements of the electricity supply company to
provide a safe, well insulated, earth protected system capable of supplying the
anticipated maximum demand.
- Accessories, fasteners, connectors, etc: Types recommended for the purpose by
electrical equipment manufacturer.
- Fasteners: Avoid contact between dissimilar metals. Use corrosion resistant fasteners
in locations where moisture may occur.
16 PVC CONDUIT AND FITTINGS

- General: To BS EN 50086-1 and BS EN 50086-2-1, duty appropriate to usage,
complete with all necessary junction boxes, fixings, etc.
- Fixing and jointing: Minimise number of joints. Use proprietary bends and/ or
junction boxes at changes of direction. Fix boxes independently of conduit.
20 PVC SURFACE TRUNKING SYSTEM

- To BS 4678-4.
- Colour: white.
- Fixing and jointing: Use proprietary units to form junctions and changes of direction
wherever possible.
25 INSTALLING CABLES GENERALLY
- Standard: BASEC certified.
- Orientation: Straight, vertical and/ or horizontal and parallel to walls.
- Cable routes: Conceal cables wherever possible:
- Concealed cable runs to wall switches and outlets: Vertically in line with the
accessory.
- Exposed cable runs: Submit proposals.
- Distance from other services running parallel: 150 mm minimum.
- Position cables below heating pipes.
- Cables passing through masonry walls: Sleeve with conduit bushed at both ends.
- Cables surrounded or covered by insulation: Derate.
27 CABLES IN PLASTER
- Protection: Cover with galvanized steel or plastic channel nailed to substrate.
30 MICC CABLES
- Bending: Do not corrugate sheath.
- Connection to equipment and boxes: PVC shrouded glands.
- Testing: Test each length immediately after fixing. Repeat test between 24 and 48
hours later.
40 CABLES ENTERING BUILDINGS FROM BELOW GROUND

- General: Seal both ends of pipeduct to a minimum depth of 150 mm, with an
approved nonhardening, noncracking, water resistant compound. Alternatively, fit a
proprietary moulded pipeduct seal.
45 CONSUMER CONTROL UNITS/ DISTRIBUTION BOARDS

- Standard: To BS 5486-12, BS 5486-13 or BS EN 60439-3.
- Main control: isolator.
- Rating: To suit maximum demand.
- Number of ways: One per circuit plus 2 spares.
- Labelling: Each way to be permanently labelled to identify circuit and rating.
- Circuit protection: Miniature circuit breakers to BS EN 60898.
- Additional circuit protection:
- Standard: To BS EN 61008 or BS EN 61009.
- Enclosure: plastic.
51 ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES
- Manufacturer:
- Submit name of selected manufacturer and submit relevant catalogues if requested.
60 NIGHT STORAGE HEATERS

- Heat Emitters: electric storage heaters.
- Other Requirements:
Control network for 3 independently controlled channels adjustable by time and
temperature.
Hot water storage.
- Basic Design Temperature: design the system to achieve the following temperatures
assuming the stated ventilation rates and an appropriate base external air temperature:
Room(s) Air temp °C Ventilation rate
Lounge/Dining 21 1
Kitchen 18 1½
Hall/Landing 18 1½
Bedrooms 20 ½
Bathroom 22 2
- System Design: in living rooms, dining rooms and hallways install slim storage fan
heaters with boost facility (187mm deep). Control for heat storage and comfort levels.
The system shall run on 7-hour economy tariff electricity and the meter shall be
changed as required.
- Control Panel: network panel to control 3 independent channels adjustable by time
and temperature..
- Hot Water Heating: to be by electricity utilising a non-vented direct hot water storage
vessel as detailed in section S12.
70 FIXING HEIGHTS ABOVE FINISHED FLOOR LEVEL

- Light switches: 1200 mm (where possible).
- Sockets: 450 mm (where possible).
80 EMERGENCY LIGHTING SYSTEM

- Standard: To the most onerous requirements of BS 5266-1, BS EN 1838, BS EN
50171, pr EN 50172 and the Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals)
Regulations.
- Luminaires and related components: Registered under the Industry Committee for
Emergency Lighting Product Registration Scheme.
- Mode of operation and duration: 3 hours, key switch testing.
- Inspection and testing: To BS 5266-1.
- Notice before commencing tests (minimum): 24 hours.
- Certificate of testing:
- Standard: BS 5266-1, Annex B.
- Number of copies: Submit two.
85 FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM

- Standard: To BS 5839.
- Inspection, initial testing, commissioning and certification: To BS 5839-1, clause 26.
- Certificate of testing:
- Standard: BS 5839-1, Appendices B and C.
- Number of copies: Submit two.
90 SMOKE ALARMS
- Type: Self-contained to BS 5446-1, Kitemark certified.
- Operation: Mains with DC battery back-up.
90 SMOKE DETECTORS
- Type: Self-contained to BS 5446-1, Kitemark certified.
- Operation: optical detector, battery operated with 10 year life lithium battery and hush
button facility..
95 GENERAL INSPECTION AND TESTING

- Standard: To BS 7671-7.
- Labels and signs: Fix securely before system is tested.
- Inspection and completion certificates, Supply test equipment calibration certificate :
Submit two copies of completion certificate.
Z10 PURPOSE MADE JOINERY
10 FABRICATION
- Sections: Accurate in profile and length, and free from twist and bowing. Form out of solid
unless shown otherwise.
- Machined surfaces: Smooth and free from tearing, wooliness, chip bruising and other
machining defects.
- Joints: Tight and close fitting.
- Assembled components: Rigid. Free from distortion.
- Screws: Provide pilot holes. Sink heads of countersink screws at least 2 mm below timber
surfaces visible in completed work.
20 CROSS SECTION DIMENSIONS OF TIMBER

- Dimensions on drawings are finished sizes.
- Maximum permitted deviations from finished sizes:
- Softwood sections: To BS EN 1313-1.
- Hardwood sections: To BS EN 1313-2.
30 PRESERVATIVE TREATED TIMBER

- Cutting and machining: Maximise before treatment.
- Extensively processed timber: Retreat timber sawn lengthways, thicknessed, planed, ploughed,
etc.
- Surfaces exposed by minor cutting and/or drilling: Treat with two flood coats of a solution
recommended by main treatment solution manufacturer.
40 MOISTURE CONTENT
- Timber and wood based products: Maintain within range specified for the component during
manufacture and storage.
50 FINISHING
- Joinery surfaces: Smooth, even and suitable to receive finishes.
- Arrises: Eased unless shown otherwise on drawings.
- End grain in external components: Seal with primer or sealer as section M60 and allow to dry
before assembly.
Z11 PURPOSE MADE METALWORK
10 FABRICATION GENERALLY:
- Grades of metals, section dimensions and properties to be to the appropriate British Standard.
When not specified, select grades and sections appropriate for the purpose.
- Unless specified otherwise, fasteners to be of the same metal as the component, with matching
coating or finish.
- Do not permit contact between dissimilar metals in components which are to be fixed where
moisture may be present or occur.
- Finished components to be rigid and free from distortion, cracks, burrs and sharp arrises.
Moving parts must move freely and without binding.
20 COLD FORMED WORK: Use brake presses or cold rolling to produce accurate profiles with
straight arrises.
30 WELDING/BRAZING GENERALLY:
- Thoroughly clean surfaces to be joined.
- Ensure accurate fit using clamps and jigs where practicable. Use tack welds only for temporary
attachment.
- Make joints with parent and filler metal fully bonded throughout with no inclusions, holes,
porosity or cracks.
- Prevent weld spatter falling on surfaces of materials which will be self-finished and visible in
completed work.
- Remove all traces of flux residue, slag and weld spatter.
40 WELDING OF STEEL: Metal arc welding to BS 5135 and BS EN 1011-1, or other methods
subject to approval.
50 FINISHING WELDED/BRAZED JOINTS:

- Butt joints which will be visible in completed work to be smooth, flush with adjacent surfaces.
- Fillet joints which will be visible in completed work to be executed neatly. Grind smooth
where specified.
60 PREPARATION FOR APPLICATION OF COATINGS:

- Before applying coating ensure that fabrication is complete and all fixing holes have been
drilled, unless otherwise specified.
- Remove all paint, grease, flux, rust, burrs and sharp arrises.
- Make good all defects which would show after application of coating and finish surfaces
smooth.
70 GALVANIZING: To BS EN ISO 1461. Provide all necessary vent and drain holes and seal to
approval after galvanizing.
80 ANODIZING: To BS 1615 unless specified otherwise. Provide a certificate of assurance that

anodizing has been carried out as specified.
90 ANODIZING: To BS 3987.
NELC Housing Standard Technical Standards Volume 3

Z12 PRESERVATIVE/FIRE RETARDANT TREATMENT
10 GENERALLY:
- Application to be carried out after cutting and machining, but before assembly, by a processor
licensed by the treatment solution manufacturer for the specified treatment.
- For each batch of timber, provide a certificate of assurance that treatment has been carried out
as specified.
20 BWPDA COMMODITY SPECIFICATIONS, where specified, are those defined in the latest
edition of the British Wood Preserving and Damp-proofing Association Manual. Solution
strengths and treatment cycles to be selected to achieve the service life (if specified) and to suit
timber treatability.
30 COPPER/CHROMIUM/ARSENIC (CCA) PRESERVATIVE TREATMENT:

- Moisture content of timber at time of treatment to be not more than 28%. Allow timber to dry
for at least 14 days before use.
- Application: High pressure.
40 ORGANIC SOLVENT PRESERVATIVE TREATMENT:

- Moisture content of timber at time of treatment to be as specified for the component at time of
delivery. After treatment, timber to be surface dry before use.
- Application: Double vacuum/low pressure.

Z20 FIXINGS/ADHESIVES
10 FIXING GENERALLY: Use fixing and jointing methods and types, sizes, quantities and
spacings of fasteners which are suitable having regard to:
- Nature of and compatibility with product/material being fixed and fixed to,
- Recommendations of manufacturers of fasteners and manufacturers of components, products
or materials being fixed and fixed to,
- Materials and loads to be supported,
- Conditions expected in use,
- Appearance, this being subject to approval.
25 FASTENERS for materials and components:

- Forming part of external construction but not directly exposed to the weather to be of
corrosion resistant material or have a corrosion resistant finish.
- Directly exposed to the weather to be of corrosion resistant material.
30 FIXING THROUGH FINISHES: Ensure that fasteners and plugs (if used) have ample
penetration into the backing.
35 PACKINGS
- Provide non-compressible, rot proof packings at fixing points to take up tolerances and prevent
distortion.
- Ensure that packings do not intrude into zones that are to be filled with sealant.
40 CRAMP FIXING:
- When not specified otherwise, position cramps not more than 150 mm from each end of frame
sections and at 600 mm maximum centres.
- Secure cramps to frames with matching screws as masonry work proceeds, and fully bed in
mortar.
50 PELLETING: Countersink screw heads 6 mm below timber surface and glue in grain-matched
pellets cut from matching timber. Finish off flush with face.
60 ADHESIVES:
- Types: As specified in the relevant section.
- Surfaces to receive adhesive to be sound, unfrozen and free from contamination likely to affect
bond. Where necessary, clean as recommended by manufacturer.
- Adjust surface regularity and texture as necessary to suit bonding and gap filling
characteristics of adhesive.
- Observe manufacturer's and statutory requirements for storage and safe usage of adhesives.
- Do not use in unsuitable environments or beyond the storage period recommended by the
manufacturer.
- Apply using recommended spreaders/applicators to ensure correct coverage. Bring surfaces
together within recommended time period and apply pressure to ensure full bonding.
- Remove surplus using methods recommended by manufacturer, without damaging surfaces.

Z21 MORTARS
10 MORTAR MIX PROPORTIONS and other particular requirements are specified elsewhere.
20 SAND FOR CEMENT GAUGED MORTARS:

- To BS 1200 unless specified otherwise.
- Sand for facework mortar to be from one source, different loads to be mixed if necessary to
ensure consistency of colour and texture.
- When a range is specified (e.g. 1:1:5-6) use lower proportion of sand for Grade G sands and
higher proportion for Grade S.
25 SAND FOR HYDRAULIC LIME:SAND MORTARS: Sampling, testing and quality

requirements to BS 1200. Source/type of sand specified elsewhere.
30 READY-MIXED LIME:SAND FOR CEMENT GAUGED MORTARS: Unless specified

otherwise, use ready-mixed lime:sand to BS 4721. Coloured mortar, where required, to be
made using a proprietary coloured ready-mixed lime:sand; colour to approval where not
specified.
40 CEMENT FOR MORTAR: When not specified otherwise, to be Portland cement or Portland
blastfurnace cement, to class 42.5 or 52.5, manufactured and supplied under the BSI Kitemark
scheme for cement. All cements must comply with the appropriate British Standard.
50 ADMIXTURES: To BS 4887. Do not use in mortar unless specified or approved. Do not use
calcium chloride or any admixtures containing calcium chloride.
60 MAKING MORTAR GENERALLY:

- Keep plant and banker boards clean at all times.
- Measure materials accurately by volume using clean gauge boxes or clean, undamaged
buckets. Proportions of mixes are for dry sand; allow for bulking if sand is damp.
- Mix ingredients thoroughly to a consistence suitable for the work and free from lumps. Do not
overmix mortars containing air entraining admixtures.
- Do not mix:
- Cement gauged mortars when the air temperature is at or below 3°C and falling or below
1°C and rising.
- Hydraulic lime:sand mortars when the air temperature is at or below 5°C and falling or
below 3°C and rising.
- Do not use mortar after the initial set has taken place and do not retemper.
70 MAKING HYDRAULIC LIME:SAND MORTAR: Mix thoroughly, first in the dry state and
then with water. Follow the lime manufacturer’s recommendations for each stage of the mix.
Add only sufficient water to produce a workable mix.

Z22 SEALANTS
10 SEALANTS: LOW MODULUS SILICONE

- Classification: As specified in the relevant section.
20 SUITABILITY OF JOINTS
- Presealing checks:
- Joint dimensions: Within limits specified for the sealant.
- Substrate quality: Surfaces regular, undamaged and stable.
- Joints not fit to receive sealant: Submit proposals for rectification.
30 PREPARING JOINTS
- Surfaces to which sealant must adhere: Remove temporary coatings, tapes, loosely adhering
material, dust, oil, grease, surface water and contaminants that may affect bond.
- Vulnerable surfaces adjacent to joints: Mask to prevent staining or smearing with primer or
sealant.
- Primer, backing strip, bond breaker: Types recommended by sealant manufacturer.
- Backing strip and/or bond breaker installation: Insert into joint to correct depth, without
stretching or twisting, leaving no gaps.
- Protection: Keep joints clean and protect from damage until sealant is applied.
40 APPLYING SEALANTS
- Substrate: Dry (unless recommended otherwise) and unaffected by frost, ice or snow.
- Environmental conditions: Mix and apply primers and sealants within temperature and
humidity ranges recommended by manufacturers. Do not dry or raise temperature of joints by
heating.
- Sealant application: Fill joints completely and neatly, ensuring firm adhesion to substrates.
- Sealant profiles:
- Butt and lap joints: Slightly concave.
- Fillet joints: Flat or slightly convex.
- Protection: Protect finished joints from contamination or damage until sealant has cured.

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RIDGE

MINOR WORKS VERSION - JCT

D20 Excavating and filling

E10 In situ concrete

F10 Brick/ Block walling

G12 Isolated structural metal members

H20 Rigid sheet cladding

J21 Mastic asphalt roofing/ finishes

K10 Plasterboard dry linings/ Partitions/ Ceilings

L10 Windows/ Rooflights/ Screens

M10 Cement based levelling/ wearing screeds

P10 Sundry insulation/ proofing work/ fire stops

Q10 Kerbs/ Edgings/ Channels/ Paving accessories

R11 Foul drainage above ground

S12 Hot and cold water

T32 Low temperature hot water heating

U10 General ventilation

V90 General lighting and power

Z10 Purpose made joinery

10 EXTENT OF DEMOLITION: Agree in writing with the CA prior to commencement.

20 FEATURE(S) TO BE RETAINED: shall be identified and agreed with the CA prior

25 LOCATION OF SERVICES: Locate and mark the positions of services affected by

30 DISCONNECTION OF SERVICES: before starting demolition arrange with

32 DISCONNECTION OF DRAINS: Locate and disconnect all disused drain

40 BYPASS CONNECTIONS: Provide as necessary to maintain continuity of services to

45 SERVICES WHICH ARE TO REMAIN: Notify the CA and service authority or

70 PARTLY DEMOLISHED STRUCTURE(S):

71 DANGEROUS OPENINGS: Illuminate and protect as necessary.

75 ASBESTOS BASED MATERIALS:

80 OPEN BASEMENTS, ETC:

81 FILLING OF BASEMENTS, ETC:

95 RECYCLED MATERIALS: Materials arising from demolition work may be recycled

04 SURVEY OF EXISTING WALLS

15 BEFORE DPC INSTALLATION

24 REPAIRING/ REPOINTING OF WALLS

35 CHEMICAL INJECTION DPC SYSTEM

40 MAKING GOOD TO EXPOSED INJECTION HOLES

10 INSERTING CAVITY WALL TIES

20 PROOF LOAD TESTING OF WALL TIES:

30 INSTALLATION OF WALL TIES GENERALLY:

40 POSITIONING OF WALL TIES:

50 REMOVING MASONRY UNITS FOR ACCESS TO TIES:

55 CORE DRILLING MASONRY WITH RENDERED FINISH:

60 REMOVAL OF EXISTING WALL TIES FROM INNER LEAF: Remove ties

65 MAKING GOOD OF CAVITY WALL INSULATION:

70 REPLACING MASONRY UNITS:

80 MAKING GOOD OF INSERTION/INSPECTION HOLES IN EXTERNAL LEAF:

82 MAKING GOOD OF EXTERNAL RENDER:

85 RETOUCHING DECORATIVE FINISHES TO EXTERNAL LEAF: Carefully

90 REPOINTING CRACKED JOINTS: Repoint joints with cracks as follows:

95 DOCUMENTATION: At Practical Completion provide CA with a statement of all

10 SURVEY AND REPORT:

30 INSECT INFESTATION: Probe timber, drilling if necessary, to determine extent of

37 PRESERVATIVES: To be Health and Safety Executive (HSE) registered and listed in

39 TREATMENT METHODS GENERALLY: Select treatment method(s) from those

55 GUARANTEE: Provide an insurance backed guarantee, administered by an

D20 EXCAVATING AND FILLING