Practice Test 10

READING SUB-TEST – QUESTION PAPER: PART B & C

TIME: 45 MINUTES

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

DO NOT open this Question Paper or the Text Booklet until you are told
to do so.
Write your answers on the spaces provided on this Question Paper.
You must answer Part B & C within the 45-minute time limit.
One mark will be granted for each correct answer.
Answer ALL questions.
Marks are NOT deducted for incorrect answers.
At the end of the 45 minutes, hand in this Question Paper and the Text
Booklet.
DO NOT remove OET material from the test room.

Part B

In this part of the test, there are six short extracts relating to the work of
health professionals. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or C)
which you think fits best according to the text.

Incubators for Infant

The general principle is that air is processed before it reaches baby. An

electric fan draws room air through a bacterial filter which removes dust and
bacteria. The filtered air flows over an electric heating element. The filtered
and heated air then passes over a water tank where it is moistened. It then
flows on to the incubator canopy. The incubator canopy is slightly
pressurized. This allows expired carbon dioxide to pass back into the room
via the vent holes and most of the air to be re-circulated. It also prevents
unfiltered air entering the system.
1. The extract informs us that the incubators
A. is likely to circulate most of the air again.
B. may not work correctly in close proximity to some other devices.
C. prevents filtered air entering the system.
Nebulizers

A nebulizer is a device used to administer medication in the form of a mist

inhaled into the lungs. Nebulizers are commonly used for treatment of cystic
fibrosis, asthma and other respiratory diseases. The reason for using a
nebulizer for medicine to be administered directly to the lungs is that small
aerosol droplets can penetrate into the narrow branches of the lower airways.
Large droplets would be absorbed by the mouth cavity, where the clinical
effect would be low. The common technical principle for all nebulizers is to
use oxygen, compressed air or ultrasonic power as means to break up medical
solutions or suspensions into small aerosol droplets.
2. The notice is giving information about
A. ways of checking that a nebulizer has been placed correctly.
B. how the use of nebulizer is authorised.
C. why nebulizer are being used.
Oxygen Concentrators

Atmospheric air consists of approximately 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen.

An oxygen concentrator uses air as a source of oxygen by separating these
two components. It utilizes the property of zeolite granules to selectively
absorb nitrogen from compressed air. Atmospheric air is gathered, filtered
and raised to a pressure of 20 pounds per square inch (psi) by a compressor.
The compressed air is then introduced into one of the canisters containing
zeolite granules where nitrogen is selectively absorbed leaving the residual
oxygen available for patient use. After about 20 seconds the supply of
compressed air is automatically diverted to the second canister where the
process is repeated enabling the output of oxygen to continue uninterrupted.
3. What does this manual tell us about zeolite granules?
A. leave residual oxygen for patient use
B. selectively absorb nitrogen from air
C. absorb only nitrogen from compressed air
Arterial blood pressure
The arterial blood pressure (BP) is connected with the force, which is exerted
by the blood volume on the walls of the arteries. The level of BP is dependent
on two factors: the heart minute ejection volume and the elasticity of arterial
walls. Other factors affecting BP include: the volume and viscosity of the
blood, body position and emotional state. The BP at the top of pulse wave
(due to the constriction of heart ventricles) is called systolic BP, whereas the
respective one during the diastole is called diastolic BP. The difference
between systolic and diastolic BP is defined as amplitude or pulse pressure.
4. Which is the main factor behind BP level?
A. the heart minute rejection volume
B. volume and viscosity of the blood
C. elasticity of the arterial wall
Basic Life Support
Basic Life Support means saving lives by maintaining airway, supplying
ventilation (rescue breathing by blowing air to the victim’s mouth) and
supplying circulation (external cardiac massage – chest compressions)
performed without additional equipment. It is the first step in cardio-
pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) that should be initiated by bystanders and
continued until qualified help arrives. Next step is Advanced Life Support
(ALS), which is performed by medical services. People with cardiac arrest
(CA) need immediate CPR. First aid means BLS that is started by witnesses
before the emergency service arrival and is the key action in achieving patient
survival.
5. What does this manual tell us about cardio-pulmonary resuscitation?
A. should be initiated by bystanders
B. should be initiated immediately only for cardiac arrest
C. should be performed by medical services
Types of surgical threads
Materials, which the threads are made of, are divided into absorbable and
non- absorbable ones or natural and synthetic sutures. Non-absorbable
sutures are applied on the skin and in septic wounds. Absorbable threads,
depending on their structure are divided into monofilament, polifilament,
braided, plaits, coated and uncoated ones. Time of their absorbing is varied
and depends on material properties; it can take from 14 days to 6 months.
Absorbing progresses due to enzymatic disintegration and hydrolysis.
6. What does this extract from a handbook tell us about absorbable threads?
A. absorbing progresses due to enzymatic integration and hydrolysis
B. absorbing time is varied and depends on material properties
C. are divided into monofilament, polifilament, braided, plaits and uncoated
ones

Answer Key
“Practice Test 10”