Evolution IP 20LH Technical Description 9.2 Rev A

Technical Description
Evolution® IP-20LH
June 2017 | Rev A

CeraOS: 9.2
© Copyright 2017 by Ceragon Networks Ltd. All rights reserved.
Technical Description for Evolution IP-20LH, CeraOS 9.2
Notice
This document contains information that is proprietary to Ceragon Networks Ltd. No part of this
publication may be reproduced, modified, or distributed without prior written authorization of
Ceragon Networks Ltd. This document is provided as is, without warranty of any kind.
Trademarks
Ceragon Networks®, FibeAir® and CeraView® are trademarks of Ceragon Networks Ltd.,
registered in the United States and other countries.
Ceragon® is a trademark of Ceragon Networks Ltd., registered in various countries.
Other names mentioned in this publication are owned by their respective holders.
Statement of Conditions
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Ceragon
Networks Ltd. shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential
damage in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this document or equipment
supplied with it.
Open Source Statement

The Product may use open source software, among them O/S software released under the GPL or
GPL alike license ("Open Source License"). Inasmuch that such software is being used, it is
released under the Open Source License, accordingly. The complete list of the software being
used in this product including their respective license and the aforementioned public available
changes is accessible at:
Network element site: ftp://ne-open-source.license-system.com
NMS site: ftp://nms-open-source.license-system.com/
Information to User
Any changes or modifications of equipment not expressly approved by the manufacturer could
Intended Use/Limitation
Fixed point-to-point radio links for private networks.
Authorized to Use
Only entities with individual authorization from the National Regulator to operate the mentioned
radio equipment.
The equipment can be used in the following EU countries:
Austria (AT) - Belgium (BE) - Bulgaria (BG) - Switzerland/Liechtenstein (CH) - Cyprus (CY) - Czech
Republic (CZ) - Germany (DE) Denmark (DK) - Estonia (EE) - Finland (FI) - France (FR) -Greece
(GR) - Hungary (HU) - Ireland (IE) Iceland (IS) Italy (IT) Lithuania (LT) - Luxembourg (LU)
Latvia (LV) - Malta (MT) - Netherlands (NL) - Norway (NO) - Portugal (PT) - Romania (RO) - Sweden
(SE) - Slovenia (SI) - Slovak Republic (SK) United Kingdom (UK) Spain (SP) Poland (PL)
Page 2 of 261
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential

Table of Contents
1. Synonyms and Acronyms ........................................................................................ 14
2. Introduction............................................................................................................ 17
2.1 Product Overview ...................................................................................................................... 18
2.1.1 Evolution Transceiver (XCVR) ..................................................................................................... 19
2.1.2 Evolution IP-20LH Hardware Options and Scalability ................................................................ 20
2.1.3 Evolution IP-20LH Highlights ...................................................................................................... 21
2.1.4 Evolution IP- -Single-Point-of-Failure Architecture .................................................... 23
2.2 New Features in Version T9.2 .................................................................................................... 24
3. IDU Hardware Description ....................................................................................... 25

3.1 Hardware Architecture .............................................................................................................. 26
3.2 Front Panel Description ............................................................................................................. 30
3.3 Chassis Slots and Card Population Guidelines ........................................................................... 32
3.3.1 TCC GbE Interface Limitations.................................................................................................... 33
3.3.2 Additional Slot Guidelines .......................................................................................................... 34
3.3.3 XPIC Slot Requirements ............................................................................................................. 34
3.4 Traffic Control Cards (TCC) ......................................................................................................... 35
3.4.1 TCC Redundancy ........................................................................................................................ 38
3.5 Radio Modem Card (RMC) ......................................................................................................... 40
3.6 Ethernet Line Cards (LIC-X) ........................................................................................................ 42
3.6.1 10GE Interface Protection .......................................................................................................... 44
3.7 TDM Line Cards (LIC-T) ............................................................................................................... 45
3.8 Power Distribution Cards (PDC) ................................................................................................. 48
3.9 Inventory Module (IVM) ............................................................................................................ 51
3.10 Fans Module .............................................................................................................................. 52
3.11 Filter Tray (Optional) .................................................................................................................. 53
4. XCVR Hardware Description and Branching Options ................................................. 54

4.1 Evolution XCVR Overview .......................................................................................................... 55
4.2 Main Features of the Evolution XCVR ........................................................................................ 56
4.3 Evolution XCVR Installation Options .......................................................................................... 57
4.4 Space Diversity with IF Combining ............................................................................................. 58
4.4.1 Combining Principles and Performance ..................................................................................... 58
4.5 Channel Arrangements .............................................................................................................. 59
4.6 Evolution IP-20LH XCVR Branching System ................................................................................ 60
4.6.1 Branching Block Diagrams.......................................................................................................... 60
5. Activation Keys ....................................................................................................... 63

5.1 Working with Activation Keys .................................................................................................... 63
Page 3 of 261

5.2 Demo Mode ............................................................................................................................... 63

5.3 Activation Key Reclaim ............................................................................................................... 64
5.4 Activation Key-Enabled Features ............................................................................................... 64
6. Feature Description................................................................................................. 70
6.1 Innovative Techniques to Boost Capacity and Reduce Latency ................................................. 71
6.1.1 Capacity Summary ..................................................................................................................... 72
6.1.2 Header De-Duplication............................................................................................................... 73
6.1.3 Latency ....................................................................................................................................... 76
6.1.4 Frame Cut-Through .................................................................................................................... 77
6.2 Radio Features ........................................................................................................................... 79
6.2.1 Hybrid Multi-Carrier Adaptive Bandwidth Control (Hybrid MC-ABC) ........................................ 80
6.2.2 Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) .......................................................................................... 84
6.2.3 Cross Polarization Interference Canceller (XPIC) ....................................................................... 87
6.2.4 ATPC ........................................................................................................................................... 90
6.2.5 Radio Signal Quality PMs ........................................................................................................... 91
6.2.6 Radio Utilization PMs ................................................................................................................. 92
6.3 Ethernet Features ...................................................................................................................... 93
6.3.1 Ethernet Services Overview ....................................................................................................... 94
6.3.2 IP- net Capabilities ................................................................................................109
6.3.3 Supported Standards ...............................................................................................................109
6.3.4 Ethernet Service Model ...........................................................................................................110
6.3.5 Ethernet Interfaces ..................................................................................................................126
6.3.6 Quality of Service (QoS) ...........................................................................................................136
6.3.7 Global Switch Configuration ....................................................................................................164
6.3.8 Automatic State Propagation ...................................................................................................165
6.3.9 Network Resiliency ..................................................................................................................166
6.3.10 OAM .........................................................................................................................................172
6.4 Synchronization .......................................................................................................................175
6.4.1 Synchronization Overview .......................................................................................................176
6.4.2 IP-20LH Synchronization Solution ............................................................................................177
6.4.3 Native Sync Distribution Mode ................................................................................................178
6.4.4 SyncE PRC Pipe Regenerator Mode .........................................................................................185
6.5 TDM Services............................................................................................................................187
6.5.1 Native TDM Trails .....................................................................................................................188
6.5.2 TDM Pseudowire ......................................................................................................................192
6.5.3 STM-1 Interfaces ......................................................................................................................197
6.5.4 TDM Card and Interface Protection .........................................................................................198
6.5.5 TDM Reference Solutions ........................................................................................................201
7. Evolution IP-20LH Management ............................................................................ 203

7.1 Management Overview ...........................................................................................................204
7.2 Automatic Network Topology Discovery with LLDP Protocol ..................................................205
7.3 Management Communication Channels and Protocols ..........................................................206
7.4 Web-Based Element Management System (Web EMS) ..........................................................208
7.5 Command Line Interface (CLI) ..................................................................................................209
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7.6 Slot Management and Card Configuration ..............................................................................210

7.7 Configuration Management .....................................................................................................210
7.8 Software Management ............................................................................................................211
7.8.1 Backup Software Version .........................................................................................................211
7.9 CeraPlan Service for Creating Pre-Defined Configuration Files ...............................................212
7.10 IPv6 Support .............................................................................................................................212
7.11 In-Band Management ..............................................................................................................213
7.12 Local Management ..................................................................................................................213
7.13 Alarms ......................................................................................................................................214
7.13.1 Configurable BER Threshold Alarms and Traps ........................................................................214
7.13.2 RSL Threshold Alarm ................................................................................................................214
7.13.3 Alarms Editing ..........................................................................................................................214
7.13.4 Timeout for Trap Generation ...................................................................................................214
7.14 External Alarms ........................................................................................................................215
7.15 NTP Support .............................................................................................................................215
7.16 UTC Support .............................................................................................................................215
7.17 System Security Features .........................................................................................................216
7.17.1 ........................................................................................216
7.17.2 Defenses in Management Communication Channels ..............................................................217
7.17.3 Defenses in User and System Authentication Procedures .......................................................218
7.17.4 Secure Communication Channels ............................................................................................220
7.17.5 Security Log ..............................................................................................................................222
8. Specifications........................................................................................................ 224
8.1 General Radio Specifications ...................................................................................................225
8.2 Radio Scripts ............................................................................................................................226
8.2.1 Frequency Bands and Supported SRMs ...................................................................................226
8.2.2 Supported XCVRs .....................................................................................................................228
8.2.3 Supported ODUs ......................................................................................................................228
8.2.4 Evolution IP-20LH Radio Options .............................................................................................228
8.3 Radio Capacity Specifications ..................................................................................................229
8.3.1 28 MHz Channel Bandwidth Fixed Mode (ACAP) ..................................................................229
8.3.2 28 MHz Channel Bandwidth Fixed Mode (ACCP) ..................................................................229
8.3.3 28 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Mode (ACAP 256QAM) ................................................230
8.3.4 28 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Mode (ACCP 256QAM) ................................................230
8.3.5 28 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Mode (ACCP 1024 QAM) .............................................231
8.3.6 28 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Mode (ACAP 1024 QAM) .............................................231
8.3.7 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth Fixed Mode (ACAP) ..................................................................231
8.3.8 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth Fixed Mode (ACCP) ..................................................................232
8.3.9 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Mode (ACAP 256QAM) ................................................232
8.3.10 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Mode (ACCP 256QAM) ................................................232
8.3.11 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Mode (ACCP 1024 QAM) .............................................233
8.3.12 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Mode (ACAP 1024 QAM) .............................................233
8.3.13 56 MHz Channel Bandwidth Fixed Mode ..............................................................................233
8.3.14 56 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Mode -256QAM ............................................................234
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8.4 Transmit Power Specifications (dBm) ......................................................................................235

8.5 Receiver Threshold Specifications ...........................................................................................236
8.5.1 Receiver Threshold ACM Modes ...........................................................................................236
8.5.2 Receiver Threshold Fixed Modes ..........................................................................................239
8.5.3 Receiver Threshold 28 MHz Fixed Mode .................................................................................239
8.5.4 Receiver Threshold 28 MHz ACCP Mode .................................................................................239
8.5.5 Receiver Threshold 40 MHz Fixed Mode .................................................................................239
8.5.6 Receiver Threshold 40 MHz ACCP Mode .................................................................................240
8.5.7 Receiver Threshold ~56 MHz Fixed Mode ...............................................................................240
8.6 Frequency Bands ......................................................................................................................241
8.7 Branching Network Losses .......................................................................................................243
8.7.1 RF filter loss ..............................................................................................................................244
8.7.2 Branching circulator loss B -B ..................................................................................................244
8.7.3 RF-input return loss .................................................................................................................244
8.8 Ethernet Latency Specifications ...............................................................................................245
8.8.1 Ethernet Latency 28 MHz Channel Bandwidth .....................................................................245
8.9 Ethernet Specifications ............................................................................................................247
8.9.1 Ethernet Interface Specifications .............................................................................................247
8.9.2 Carrier Ethernet Functionality .................................................................................................247
8.9.3 Approved SFP Modules ............................................................................................................248
8.10 TDM Specifications ..................................................................................................................249
8.10.1 E1 Cross Connect .....................................................................................................................249
8.10.2 E1 Interface Specifications .......................................................................................................249
8.10.3 Pseudowire Specifications .......................................................................................................249
8.10.4 Electrical STM-1 SFP Interface Specifications ..........................................................................250
8.10.5 Optical STM-1 SFP Interface Specifications .............................................................................250
8.10.6 Approved STM-1 SFP Modules .................................................................................................251
8.11 Mechanical Specifications ........................................................................................................252
8.12 Environmental Specifications ...................................................................................................254
8.12.1 Environmental Specifications for IDU ......................................................................................254
8.12.2 Environmental Specifications for XCVR ...................................................................................254
8.13 Waveguide Specifications ........................................................................................................255
8.14 Power Input Specifications ......................................................................................................256
8.15 Power Consumption Specifications .........................................................................................256
9. Standards and Certifications .................................................................................. 257

9.1 Supported Ethernet Standards ................................................................................................258
9.2 MEF Certifications for Ethernet Services .................................................................................259
9.3 Supported TDM Pseudowire Encapsulations ...........................................................................260
9.4 Standards Compliance .............................................................................................................260
9.5 Network Management, Diagnostics, Status, and Alarms.........................................................261
Page 6 of 261

List of Figures
Figure 1: 1RU Chassis .............................................................................................................................25
Figure 2: 2RU Chassis .............................................................................................................................25
Figure 3: Chassis Management ..............................................................................................................27
Figure 4: Traffic Connectivity in 2RU Chassis with TCC Redundancy .....................................................27
Figure 5: IDU Block Diagram 1RU Chassis............................................................................................28
Figure 6: IDU Block Diagram 2RU Chassis with TCC and PDC Redundancy .........................................29
Figure 7: IDU Front Panel and Interfaces 1RU Chassis ........................................................................30
Figure 8: IDU Front Panel and Interfaces 2RU Chassis ........................................................................31
Figure 9: 1RU Chassis Slot Numbering ...................................................................................................32
Figure 10: 2RU Chassis Slot Numbering .................................................................................................32
Figure 11: TCC ........................................................................................................................................35
Figure 12: TCC-B-MC Interfaces .............................................................................................................36
Figure 13: TCC-B2-XG-MC Interfaces......................................................................................................36
Figure 14: TCC-B2-XG-MC Management Interface Pin Connections ......................................................36
Figure 15: RMC-E ....................................................................................................................................40
Figure 16: RMC-E Interfaces ...................................................................................................................40
Figure 17: LIC-X-E4-Elec (4x GbE) ...........................................................................................................42
Figure 18: LIC-X-E4-Opt (4x GbE) ............................................................................................................42
Figure 19: LIC-X-E10 (1x 10GE) ...............................................................................................................42
Figure 20: LIC-X-E4-Elec (4x GbE) Interfaces ..........................................................................................43
Figure 21: LIC-X-E4-Opt (4x GbE) Interfaces ...........................................................................................43
Figure 22: LIC-X-E10 (1x 10GE) Interface................................................................................................43
Figure 23: LIC-T16 (16 x E1) ....................................................................................................................45
Figure 24: LIC-T155 (1 x ch-STM-1) ........................................................................................................45
Figure 25: LIC-STM1/OC3-RST (1 x STM-1) .............................................................................................45
Figure 26: LIC-T16 (16x E1) Interfaces ....................................................................................................46
Figure 27: LIC-T155 (1 x ch-STM-1) Interfaces .......................................................................................46
Figure 28: LIC-STM1/OC3-RST (1 x STM-1) Interfaces ............................................................................46
Figure 29: Single-Input PDC ....................................................................................................................48
Figure 30: Dual-Input PDC ......................................................................................................................48
Figure 31: PDC Functional Diagram .....................................................................................................48
Figure 32: Standard PDC Interfaces .......................................................................................................49
Figure 33: Dual-Input PDC Interfaces .....................................................................................................49
Figure 34: Standard PDC Polarity ...........................................................................................................49
Figure 35: Dual-Input PDC Polarity .........................................................................................................49
Page 7 of 261

Figure 36: Power Distribution with Redundant PDCs ............................................................................50

Figure 37: Fans Module 1RU ...............................................................................................................52
Figure 38: Fans Module 2RU ...............................................................................................................52
Figure 39: Fans Module Diagram ...........................................................................................................52
Figure 40: Filter Tray Sliding into Filter Slot (2RU Chassis) .....................................................................53
Figure 41: Evolution Transceiver (XCVR) ................................................................................................55
Figure 42: Split Mount System, 4+0 .......................................................................................................57
Figure 43: IFC Space Diversity System ....................................................................................................58
Figure 44: Adjacent Channel Alternate Polarization (ACAP) Mode ........................................................59
Figure 45: Adjacent Channel Common Polarization (ACCP) Mode ........................................................59
Figure 46: Co-Channel Dual Polarized (CCDP) Mode ..............................................................................59
Figure 47: Branching Diagram 2+0 .........................................................................................................60
Figure 48: Branching Diagram 4+0 .........................................................................................................60
Figure 49: Branching Diagram 4+0 Dual Polarized .................................................................................61
Figure 50: Branching Diagram 4+0 Space Diversity ................................................................................61
Figure 51: Branching Diagrams 8+0........................................................................................................62
Figure 52: Header De-Duplication ..........................................................................................................73
Figure 53: Header De-Duplication Potential Throughput Savings per Layer ..........................................74
Figure 54: Propagation Delay with and without Frame Cut-Through ....................................................77
Figure 55: Frame Cut-Through ...............................................................................................................78
Figure 56: Frame Cut-Through Operation ..............................................................................................78
Figure 57: Multi-Carrier ABC Traffic Flow...............................................................................................80
Figure 58: Adaptive Coding and Modulation with Nine Working Points ...............................................85
Figure 59: Dual Polarization ...................................................................................................................87
Figure 60: XPIC Implementation ............................................................................................................88
Figure 61: XPIC Impact of Misalignments and Channel Degradation ..................................................88
Figure 62: Basic Ethernet Service Model ................................................................................................94
Figure 63: Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC) ........................................................................................95
Figure 64: Point to Point EVC .................................................................................................................96
Figure 65: Multipoint to Multipoint EVC ................................................................................................96
Figure 66: Rooted Multipoint EVC ..........................................................................................................96
Figure 67: MEF Ethernet Services Definition Framework ......................................................................98
Figure 68: E-Line Service Type Using Point-to-Point EVC .......................................................................99
Figure 69: EPL Application Example .....................................................................................................100
Figure 70: EVPL Application Example ...................................................................................................101
Figure 71: E-LAN Service Type Using Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVC ....................................................101
Figure 72: Adding a Site Using an E-Line Service ..................................................................................102
Page 8 of 261

Figure 73: Adding a Site Using an E-LAN Service ..................................................................................102

Figure 74: MEF Ethernet Private LAN Example ....................................................................................103
Figure 75: MEF Ethernet Virtual Private LAN Example.........................................................................104
Figure 76: E-Tree Service Type Using Rooted-Multipoint EVC .............................................................104
Figure 77: E-Tree Service Type Using Multiple Roots ...........................................................................105
Figure 78: MEF Ethernet Private Tree Example ...................................................................................105
Figure 79: Ethernet Virtual Private Tree Example ................................................................................106
Figure 80: Mobile Backhaul Reference Model .....................................................................................107
Figure 81: Packet Service Core Building Blocks ....................................................................................107
Figure 82: IP-20LH Services Model .......................................................................................................110
Figure 83: IP-20LH Services Core ..........................................................................................................111
Figure 84: IP-20LH Services Flow ..........................................................................................................112
Figure 85: Point-to-Point Service .........................................................................................................113
Figure 86: Multipoint Service ...............................................................................................................113
Figure 87: Management Service ..........................................................................................................115
Figure 88: Management Service and its Service Points .......................................................................117
Figure 89: SAPs and SNPs .....................................................................................................................118
Figure 90: Pipe Service Points ..............................................................................................................119
Figure 91: SAP, SNP and Pipe Service Points in a Microwave Network ...............................................119
Figure 92: Service Path Relationship on Point-to-Point Service Path ..................................................123
Figure 93: Physical and Logical Interfaces ............................................................................................126
Figure 94: Grouped Interfaces as a Single Logical Interface on Ingress Side .......................................127
Figure 95: Grouped Interfaces as a Single Logical Interface on Egress Side ........................................127
Figure 96: Relationship of Logical Interfaces to the Switching Fabric ..................................................131
Figure 97: QoS Block Diagram ..............................................................................................................136
Figure 98: Standard QoS and H-QoS Comparison ................................................................................138
Figure 99: Hierarchical Classification ...................................................................................................139
Figure 100: Classification Method Priorities ........................................................................................140
Figure 101: Ingress Policing Model ......................................................................................................144
Figure 102: IP-20LH Queue Manager ...................................................................................................148
Figure 103: Synchronized Packet Loss ..................................................................................................149
Figure 104: Random Packet Loss with Increased Capacity Utilization Using WRED ............................150
Figure 105: WRED Profile Curve ...........................................................................................................151
Figure 106: Detailed H-QoS Diagram ...................................................................................................154
Figure 107: Scheduling Mechanism for a Single Service Bundle ..........................................................157
Figure 108: G.8032 Ring in Idle (Normal) State ....................................................................................167
Figure 109: G.8032 Ring in Protecting State ........................................................................................168
Page 9 of 261

Figure 110: Load Balancing Example in G.8032 Ring ............................................................................168

Figure 111: IP-20LH End-to-End Service Management ........................................................................172
Figure 112: SOAM Maintenance Entities (Example) ............................................................................173
Figure 113: Ethernet Line Interface Loopback Application Examples ...............................................174
Figure 114: Native Sync Distribution Mode .........................................................................................178
Figure 115: Synchronization Configuration ..........................................................................................181
Figure 116: Native Sync Distribution Mode Usage Example ................................................................183
Figure 117: Native Sync Distribution Mode Tree Scenario ................................................................183
Figure 118: Native Sync Distribution Mode Ring Scenario (Normal Operation) ...............................184
Figure 119: Native Sync Distribution Mode Ring Scenario (Link Failure) ..........................................184
Figure 120: Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE) ..........................................................................................185
Figure 121: Hybrid Ethernet and TDM Services ...................................................................................187
Figure 122: Hybrid Ethernet and TDM Services Carried Over Cascading Interfaces ............................188
Figure 123: Hybrid Ethernet and Native TDM Services ........................................................................189
Figure 124: 1:1 TDM Path Protection Ring Topology ........................................................................190
Figure 125: 1+1 TDM Path Protection Dual Homing Topology .........................................................190
Figure 126: All-Packet Ethernet and TDM Pseudowire Services ..........................................................192
Figure 127: 1+1 HSB Card Protection for LIC-T16 (E1) Cards ...............................................................198
Figure 128: 1+1 HSB Card Protection for LIC-T155 (STM-1) Cards .......................................................199
Figure 129: Uni-directional MSP for LIC-T155 (STM-1) Cards ..............................................................200
Figure 130: Native TDM Trail Interoperability with Optical SDH Equipment .......................................201
Figure 131: Native TDM Trail Interoperability with TDM Pseudowire-over-Packet Aggregation ........201
Figure 132: TDM Pseudowire Interoperability with Optical SDH Equipment ......................................201
Figure 133: TDM Pseudowire Interoperability with Third-Party Packet Aggregation Equipment .......202
Figure 134: Integrated IP-20LH Management Tools ............................................................................204
Figure 135: Security Solution Architecture Concept ............................................................................216
Page 10 of 261

List of Tables
Table 1: Evolution IP-20LH Scalability ....................................................................................................21
Table 2: New Features in Version T9.2 ...................................................................................................24
Table 3: Card Types Allowed Per Slot 1RU ..........................................................................................32
Table 4: Card Types Allowed Per Slot 2RU ..........................................................................................33
Table 5: Slot Limitations When Used with TCC-B2-XG-MC ....................................................................33
Table 6: 2 x FE Splitter Cable Marketing Model .....................................................................................37
Table 7: TCC Comparison Table ..............................................................................................................37
Table 8: Y-Cable for Electrical Splitter Mode FE Traffic Interface Protection ........................................38
Table 9: Activation Key Types.................................................................................................................64
Table 10: Capacity Activation Key Levels ...............................................................................................67
Table 11: CET Node Activation Key Levels .............................................................................................68
Table 12: Edge CET Note Upgrade Activation Keys ................................................................................69
Table 13: ACM Working Points (Profiles) ...............................................................................................84
Table 14: MEF-Defined Ethernet Service Types .....................................................................................98
Table 15: Ethernet Services Learning and Forwarding .........................................................................114
Table 16: Service Point Types per Service Type ...................................................................................120
Table 17: Service Point Types that can Co-Exist on the Same Interface ..............................................121
Table 18: Service Point Type-Attached Interface Type Combinations that can Co-Exist on the Same
Interface ...............................................................................................................................................122
Table 19: C-VLAN 802.1 UP and CFI Default Mapping to CoS and Color ..............................................140
Table 20: S-VLAN 802.1 UP and DEI Default Mapping to CoS and Color ..............................................141
Table 21: DSCP Default Mapping to CoS and Color ..............................................................................141
Table 22: MPLS EXP Default Mapping to CoS and Color ......................................................................142
Table 23: QoS Priority Profile Example ................................................................................................158
Table 24: WFQ Profile Example ............................................................................................................160
Table 25: 802.1q UP Marking Table (C-VLAN) ......................................................................................161
Table 26: 802.1ad UP Marking Table (S-VLAN) ....................................................................................162
Table 27: Summary and Comparison of Standard QoS and H-QoS ......................................................163
Table 28: Native Sync Interface Options ..............................................................................................179
Table 29: Y-Cable for LIC-T16 Card Protection .....................................................................................199
Table 30: Dedicated Management Ports ..............................................................................................206
Table 31: Filter Loss Standard Filters .................................................................................................244
Table 32: Filter Loss Innermost Filters...............................................................................................244
Table 33: Approved GbE SFP Modules .................................................................................................248
Table 34: Approved 10 GbE SFP Modules ............................................................................................248
Page 11 of 261

Table 35: IDU Chassis Mechanical Specifications .................................................................................252

Table 36: IDU Card and Tray Weights ..................................................................................................252
Table 37: Evolution XCVR Mechanical Specifications ...........................................................................253
Table 38: Supported Ethernet Standards .............................................................................................258
Table 39: Supported MEF Specifications ..............................................................................................259
Table 40: MEF Certifications ................................................................................................................259
Page 12 of 261

About This Guide

This document describes the main features, components, and specifications of the
Evolution IP-20 Long Haul (Evolution IP-20LH). This document applies to CeraOS
version 9.2.
What You Should Know

This document is applicable for countries that comply with ETSI standards and
specifications.
Target Audience
This manual is intended for use by Ceragon customers, potential customers, and
business partners. The purpose of this manual is to provide basic information
about the Evolution IP-20LH for use in system planning, and determining which
Evolution IP-20LH configuration is best suited for a specific network.
Page 13 of 261

1. Synonyms and Acronyms
ACM Adaptive Coding and Modulation
ACR Adaptive Clock Recovery

AIS Alarm Indication Signal
ATPC Automatic Tx Power Control
BER Bit Error Ratio
BLSR Bidirectional Line Switch Ring
BMC Best Master Clock
BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Units
BWA Broadband Wireless Access
CBS Committed Burst Size
CCDP Co-channel dual polarization
CE Customer Equipment
CET Carrier-Ethernet Transport
CFM Connectivity Fault Management
CIR Committed Information Rate
CLI Command Line Interface
CoS Class of Service
DA Destination Address
DSCP Differentiated Service Code Point
EBS Excess Burst Size
EIR Excess Information Rate
EPL Ethernet Private Line
EVPL Ethernet Virtual Private Line
EVC Ethernet Virtual Connection
FTP (SFTP) File Transfer Protocol (Secured File Transfer Protocol)
GbE Gigabit Ethernet
GMT Greenwich Mean Time
HSO Hot Switchover
HTTP (HTTPS) Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Secured HTTP)
IDC Indoor Controller
IDU Indoor unit
Page 14 of 261

LACP Link Aggregation Control Protocol

LANs Local area networks
LOC Loss of Carrier
LOF Loss of Frame
LOS Loss of Signal
LTE Long-Term Evolution
LTE-TDD LTE Time-Division Duplex
MAID Maintenance Association (MA) Identifier (ID)
MEN Metro Ethernet Network
MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching
MRU Maximum Receive Unit
MSP Multiplex Section Protection
MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol
MTU Maximum Transmit Capability
NMS Network Management System
NTP Network Time Protocol
OAM Operation Administration & Maintenance (Protocols)
OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access
OOF Out-of-Frame
PBB-TE Provider Backbone Bridge Traffic Engineering
PBS Peak Burst Rate
PCM Pulse Code Modulation
PDV Packed Delay Variation
PIR Peak Information Rate
PM Performance Monitoring
PN Provider Network (Port)
PSN Packet Switched Network
PTP Precision Timing-Protocol
PW Pseudowire
QoE Quality of-Experience
QoS Quality of Service
RBAC Role-Based Access Control
RDI Remote Defect Indication
RMON Ethernet Statistics
Page 15 of 261

RSL Received Signal Level

RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
SAP Service Access Point
SD Space Diversity
SFTP Secure FTP
SLA Service level agreements
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SNP Service Network Point
SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol
SP Service Point
STP Spanning Tree Protocol
SSH Secured Shell (Protocol)
SSM Synchronization Status Messages
SyncE Synchronous Ethernet
TC Traffic Class
TDD Time-Division Duplex
ToD Time of Day
TOS Type of Service
UE User Equipment
UNI User Network Interface
UTC Coordinated Universal Time
VC Virtual Containers
Web EMS Web-Based Element Management System
WG Wave guide
WFQ Weighted Fair Queue
WRED Weighted Random Early Detection
XCVR Transceiver
XPIC Cross Polarization Interference Cancellation
Page 16 of 261

2. Introduction
This chapter provides an overview of the Evolution IP-20 Long Haul (Evolution IP-
-carrier long-haul solution. IP-20LH is
designed for ultra-high flexibility and modularity. It is optimized for nodal
deployment, with a small footprint, high density, and a high degree of scalability
and availability.
Evolution IP-20LH enables operators to deploy high capacity, long haul microwave
systems in locations where rack space and shelter real-estate are limited.
Evolution IP-20LH supports multi-carrier solutions of up to 8+0 ABC and IF
Combining Space Diversity.
-high power transmitter transmits at one
of the highest ranges of power in the industry, and can reach longer distances
using smaller antennas. For maximum power efficiency, the Evolution IP-20LH
incorporates a dynamic biasing technique that minimizes the power consumption
of the system to the minimum required to deliver the required Tx power while, at
cost and electricity consumption are reduced, achieving an overall diminished

carbon footprint.
The IP-20 -as-you- activation key models enable operators to build
for the future by adding capacity and functionality over time to meet the needs of
network growth without the need to add additional hardware. Additionally, IP-
provides for the gradual expansion of network nodes
through the addition of line and radio cards, utilizing a single 1RU or 2RU chassis.
This chapter includes:

Product Overview
New Features in Version T9.2
Page 17 of 261

2.1 Product Overview

Evolution IP-20LH is a versatile and cost-effective microwave radio solution for
long distance, high capacity telecommunication networks. Offering superior
quality and fast deployment capabilities, it is ideal for rapid and economical
network rollouts.
Evolution IP-20LH offers a highly modular and flexible architecture that is
optimized for multi-carrier and nodal deployment, with a small footprint, high
density, and a high degree of scalability and availability.
An Evolution IP-20LH system is based on the IP-20N chassis, which is provided in
sizes that fit a single rack unit or two rack units, and which contains five or ten
slots for any mix of traffic and up to eight radio cards. IP-20LH supports any mix of
Ethernet and TDM traffic cards.
Evolution IP-20LH features an advanced feature set for Carrier Ethernet Transport,
including a sophisticated Ethernet services engine, cutting-edge header de-
duplication techniques, frame cut-through, and more.
Evolution IP-20LH enables operators to maximize Quality of Experience with an
improved customer experience by providing TCP-friendly backhaul. The system
provides support for emerging services, standards, and networking protocols
(future proof). It also enables operators to reduce TCO by supporting rich,
revenue-generating services, simplified management for reduced OPEX, and
improved service availability and time-to-revenue.
Evolution IP-20LH provides an innovative TDM and packet backhaul services
aggregation solution that is designed to meet the challenges faced by operators
building next-generation wireless backhaul networks for delivery of packet-based
services. Meeting these challenges requires the ability to maintain services with
strict SLA by enforcing a services policy that guarantees and monitors service
performance. It also requires the ability to manage the explosion of data by
ensuring capacity allocation and traffic management under wireless link
congestion scenarios.
Evolution IP-20LH is optimized for multi-carrier and aggregation nodes by means
of its high modularity, scalability, and flexibility. IP-20LH maintains high capacity at
the aggregation network, with up to 1024 QAM modulation. The IP-20LH
aggregation solution is based upon rich backhaul services and simplified
management that are supported using personalized QoS (H-QoS), superb service
OAM (CFM, PMs, service activation), and carrier-grade service resiliency (G.8032,
MSTP).
Evolution IP- rs both all-indoor and split-mount installations.
High power transceiver units with Space Diversity and protection mechanisms
make the IP-20LH an ideal choice for long distance transport networks over any
kind of terrain.
Evolution IP-20LH network elements include an embedded interactive Web-based
Element Management System (Web EMS) and can be managed and operated via
NMS. Integration of fault and performance management into third party SNMP
Managers is possible using the IP-20 MIBs provided by Ceragon.
Page 18 of 261

2.1.1 Evolution Transceiver (XCVR)

The Evolution IP-20LH system consists of an indoor unit (IDU) and one or more
Evolution LH transceivers (XCVRs).
The Evolution XCVR is a high transmit power transceiver designed for long haul
technology enables it to deliver high transmit power with low power consumption
and lower heat dissipation.
Evolution IP-20LH XCVRs support Space Diversity by means of IF Combining.
The Evolution XCVR provides a range of modulations from QPSK to 1024 QAM for
single polarization and XPIC configurations.
For additional information:

XCVR Hardware Description and Branching Options
Page 19 of 261

2.1.2 Evolution IP-20LH Hardware Options and Scalability

The Evolution IP-20LH uses the IP-20N as indoor unit (IDU). The IP-20N chassis is
available in 1RU and 2RU versions, each of which supports a common set of cards
for traffic, radio interface, and management:
Traffic/Control Card (TCC)
TCC-B-MC Contains 2 x 1 GbE Ethernet combo interfaces (electrical or
optical)
TCC-B2-XG-MC Contains 2 x GbE optical interfaces, 2 x dual mode
cascading or electrical GbE interfaces, and 2 x electrical GbE interfaces
Radio Modem Cards (RMC):
RMC-E Supports up to 1024 QAM (with ACM). RMC-E also supports XPIC,
with up to 1024 QAM modulation. The RMC-E includes an integrated
STM1/OC3-RST interface.
Line Cards (LIC)
Ethernet LIC-X-E4-Elec (4x GbE), with 1 GbE combo interface and 3 GbE
electrical (RJ-45) interfaces
Ethernet LIC-X-E4-Opt (4x GbE) with 1 GbE combo interface and 3 GbE
optical (SFP) interfaces
Ethernet LIC-X-E10 with a single 10GE optical interface
TDM LIC-T16 (16x E1)
TDM LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1)
TDM LIC-STM1/OC3-RST (1 x STM-1)
The 1RU chassis supports up to four high-power radios, with redundancy options
for radio and traffic, and a dual-feed power option for power redundancy.
The 2RU chassis supports up to eight high-power radios, with redundancy options
for management, radio, traffic, and power.
Page 20 of 261

Interface Type 1RU Chassis 2RU Chassis

Maximum Number of Maximum Number Maximum Number of Maximum Number of
RMCs/LICs of Radio/Line RMCs/LICs Radio/Line Interfaces
Interfaces
Radio (XCVR) 4 x RMC-E 4 x XCVR 8 x RMC-E 8 x XCVR
Ethernet (GbE/FE) 1 x LIC-X-E4-Elec/Opt 10 X GbE/FE1 2 x LIC-X-E4-Elec/Opt 10 x GbE/FE2
(4x GbE) or LIC-X-E10 (4x GbE) or LIC-X-E10
(10GE) (10GE)
TDM E1s 4 x any combination of LIC-T16 (16x E1) and LIC- 8 x any combination of LIC-T16 (16x E1) and LIC-
TDM ch-STM-1 T155 (1x ch-STM-1) T155 (1x ch-STM-1)
TDM STM-1 4 x LIC-STM1/OC3-RST or STM-1/OC-3-RST 8 x LIC-STM1/OC3-RST or STM-1/OC-3-RST

interface on RMC-E interface on RMC-E
2.1.3 Evolution IP-20LH Highlights

Highest capacity, scalability and spectral efficiency
Space-efficient low loss branching system
Low power consumption
Specifically built to support resilient and adaptive multi-carrier radio links,
scaling to GbE capacity
Modulations up to 1024 QAM
Rich packet processing feature set for support of engineered end-to-end
Carrier Ethernet services with strict SLA
Integrated support for multi-operator and converged backhaul business
models, such as wholesale services and RAN-sharing
Best-in-class integrated TDM migration solution
Future-proof with maximal investment protection
1
2 x GbE interfaces on the TCC-B-MC or 6 x GbE interfaces on the TCC-B2-XG-MC, and 4 x GbE interfaces
on the Ethernet LIC, for a total of 6 or 10 GbE interfaces per chassis.
2
When an Ethernet LIC is installed in slot 12, the two GbE interfaces on the TCC-B-MC are disabled,
leaving a total of 8 GbE interfaces per chassis. When using a TCC-B2-XG-MC, four GE interfaces on the
TCC are disabled, leaving a total of 10 GE interfaces per chassis.
Page 21 of 261

An Evolution IP-20LH system can be used in the following configurations:

1+0
2+0 Single Polarization/Dual Polarization (XPIC)
Page 22 of 261

2.1.4 Evolution IP-20LH’s No-Single-Point-of-Failure Architecture

The Evolution IP-20LH is built according to a no-single-point-of-failure
architecture, with full support for the hot-swapping of cards.
The 2RU IDU supports TCC Redundancy, with two TCCs for full redundancy of the
Redundancy for both Ethernet and radio interfaces is available by using link
aggregation groups (LAG). LAGs can provide redundancy for Ethernet and radio
interfaces on separate cards as well as on the same card.
Interface protection is available for the 10GE interface on LIC-X-10 Ethernet LICs,
using an optical Y-splitter cable to connect the two 10GE interfaces and the
external switch.
Radio redundancy can also be provided by Multi-Carrier ABC, which groups up to
eight carriers into a single group. In the event that a carrier goes out of service,
the remaining carriers continue to operate with graceful degradation of service to
ensure that data is not lost, but rather, a reduction of bandwidth occurs.
TDM redundancy is provided as follows:
LIC-T16 (16x E1) Redundancy is available using 1:1 or 1+1 Path Protection, or
1+1 HSB Card Protection.
LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1) Redundancy is available using 1:1 or 1+1 Path
Protection, 1+1 HSB Card Protection, and Uni-Directional MSP Card
Protection.
Evolution IP-20LH provides fully distributed power supply architecture, with an
option for power redundancy using two Power Distribution Cards (PDCs)
connected to independent power sources.
Evolution IP-20LH includes a set of redundant fans that can maintain sustained
operation in the event of a single fan failure.
Page 23 of 261

2.2 New Features in Version T9.2

The following table lists the features that have been added in CeraOS version
T9.2, and indicates where further information can be found on the new features
in this manual and where configuration instructions can be found in the User
Guide.
Feature Further Information Configuration Instructions in the User’s

Guide
Unit & Radio Summary Page Section 1.3.3,
in Web EMS on page 208
Alarm Statistics Page in the n/a Section 12.2,
Web EMS
Quick Platform Setup Section 2.6,
on page 208
CeraPlan Service for Creating Section 2.5,
Pre-Defined Configuration on page 212
Files
10GE Interface Protection on page 44 Section 6.4,
Activation Key Reclaim on page 64

, Rev A.15 or later,
Chapter 7,
LAG Group Shutdown in Case on Section 3.6.4,
of Degradation Event Option page 134
Enhanced LAG Distribution on Section 3.6.5,

page 134
RSL Threshold Alarm on page 214 Section 2.16,
Page 24 of 261

3. IDU Hardware Description

This chapter describes the Evolution IP-20LH IDU and its components. Evolution
IP-20LH uses the IP-20N IDU.
Two types of chassis are available for the IDU:
1RU Fits in a single rack unit, with support for a mixture of up to four radio
carriers or five line cards.
2RU Fits in a double rack unit, with support for a mixture of up eight radio
carriers or ten line cards.
The IDU can be used with the following card types:

Traffic Control Card (TCC-B-MC)
Radio Modem Cards (RMC-E) (includes an STM-1/OC3-RST interface)
Line Cards (LIC), including:
Ethernet LIC-X-E4-Elec (4x GbE), with 1 GbE combo interface 1 GbE
electrical (RJ-45) interface, and 2 dual mode electrical or cascading
interfaces
Ethernet LIC-X-E4-Opt (4x GbE), with 1 GbE combo interface, 1 GbE
optical (SFP) interface, and 2 dual mode optical or cascading interfaces
Ethernet LIC-X-E10 (1x10GE), with a single 10GE optical interface
TDM LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1)
TDM LIC-STM1/OC3-RST (1 x STM-1)
Hardware Architecture
Front Panel Description
Chassis Slots and Card Population Guidelines
Traffic Control Cards (TCC)
Radio Modem Card (RMC)
Ethernet Line Cards (LIC-X)
Power Distribution Cards (PDC)
Inventory Module (IVM)
Fans Module
Filter Tray (Optional)
Page 25 of 261

3.1 Hardware Architecture

The IDU is a modular unit based on a 1RU or 2RU chassis into which a variety of
cards can be inserted for traffic, radio interface, management, and power supply.
The IDU backplane provides connectivity among the slots in the chassis for
management, power distribution, and traffic aggregation.
The chassis and the cards it contains are managed by a Traffic Control Card (TCC).
A 2RU chassis can contain two TCCs for TCC Redundancy. TCCs also include GbE
Ethernet traffic and FE management interfaces.
Note: The optical GbE traffic interfaces on the TCC can be used with
TCC Redundancy in CeraOS version 8.2 and higher.
Radio Module Cards (RMCs) are responsible for the interface between the IDU
and the XCVR. A 1RU chassis can contain up to four high-power RMCs. A 2RU
chassis can contain up to eight high-power RMCs.
Line Interface Cards (LICs) can be added to provide additional traffic interfaces.
Ethernet and TDM LICs can be used. A 2RU chassis can contain up to ten LICs, up
to two of which can be Ethernet LICs. A 1RU chassis can contain up to five LICs,
one of which can be an Ethernet LIC.
Note: In a chassis with two Ethernet LICs, the GbE interfaces on the TCC
cannot be used.
The IDU receives an external supply of -48v via a Power Distribution Card (PDC).
For power redundancy, a 1RU chassis can contain a dual-feed PDC that can be
connected to separate power sources. A 2RU chassis can contain two PDCs
connected to separate power sources. The PDC or PDCs distribute the power via
the backplane to all the modules in the chassis.
The IDU implements internal chassis management via a dedicated channel
between the TCCs and each slot in the chassis, including the PDCs and the FAN
slots.
Page 26 of 261

The fol
interconnections.
The IDU implements traffic connectivity via a star topology in which the TCC
serves as the main switch, aggregating traffic from all the LICs in the chassis. In a
2RU chassis with TCC redundancy, a dual star topology is utilized to provide full
redundancy.
Page 27 of 261

The following figure provides detailed block diagrams of the IDU.
Page 28 of 261

Page 29 of 261

3.2 Front Panel Description
detailed descriptions of the available cards and interfaces.

IP-20LH provides two basic chassis options:
1RU
(TCC), five universal slots for a combination of up to four Radio Modem Cards
(RMCs) and/or five Line Cards for traffic (LICs). Additional slots are provided
for a Power Distribution Card (PDC) and a fans tray.
2RU
Cards (TCCs), with ten universal slots for a combination of up to eight Radio
Modem Cards (RMCs) and/or ten Line Cards for traffic (LICs). Additional slots
are provided for two Power Distribution Cards (PDCs) and a fans tray.
Note: Ethernet LICs can only be placed in slots 2 and 12.
Page 30 of 261

Page 31 of 261

3.3 Chassis Slots and Card Population Guidelines

The figures below show the 1RU and 2RU chassis slot numbers.
The following table lists the card types that can be placed in each slot:
Slot Allowed Card Type Notes

Number
1 TCC-B-MC
2 Ethernet X-LIC
Ethernet LIC-X-E10
(1x10GE)
TDM LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-
1)
3-6 RMC-E
1)
TDM LIC-STM1/OC3-RST
Page 32 of 261

Slot Allowed Card Type Notes

Number
1 TCC-B-MC
2, 12 Ethernet X-LIC
Ethernet LIC-X-E10
(1x10GE)
1)
3-10 RMC-E
1)
TDM LIC-STM1/OC3-RST
11 TCC-B-MC Only valid when TCC Protection Mode is
enabled.
3.3.1 TCC GbE Interface Limitations

When an Ethernet LIC is installed in slot 12, the two GbE interfaces on the TCC-B-
MC are disabled, leaving a total of 8 GbE interfaces per chassis.
When using a TCC-B2-XG-MC, you should avoid placing any type of traffic cards
(Ethernet LIC, TDM LIC, and RMC) in certain slots. If you place a traffic card in one
of these slots, some interfaces on the TCC-B2-XG-MC cannot be used, as described
in the following table.
Traffic Card in Slot: TCC-B2-XG-MC Interfaces Not Available for Use:
9 GbE5
10 GbE6
12 Ethernet LIC in Slot 12: SFP1, SFP2, GbE3/CS3,
GbE4/CS4
TDM LIC or RMC in Slot 12: GbE3/CS3 only
Page 33 of 261

3.3.2 Additional Slot Guidelines

The maximum number of RMCs in a Multi-Carrier ABC configuration is eight,
which can be arranged in an 8+0 configuration.
When using a TCC-B2-XG-MC in 2.5 Gbps mode, the following four slots can only
be used by RMC-E and LIC-STM1/OC3-RST cards. Other types of cards, or radio
cards in Multi-Directional mode, will not operate in these slots. Therefore, to
facilitate future upgrades, it is recommended to populate these slots with RMC-E
and/or LIC-STM1/OC3-RST cards that belong to or may later be assigned to a
Multi-Carrier ABC group.
1RU chassis Slots 3, 4, 5, and 6.
2RU chassis Slots 3, 4, 7, and 8.
Certain slots, if they are populated at all, must be populated with cards (RMC-E or
LIC-STM1/OC3-RST) that belong to a Multi-Carrier ABC group. This depends on
which Group Numbers are configured, as shown in the following table. For
example, if two Multi-Carrier ABC groups are created, and assigned the names
Group 1 and Group 2, any cards in slots 3 and 4 must be assigned to a Multi-
Carrier ABC group.
Note: The cards do not have to be assigned specifically to the group
that corresponds to the slot. For example, the card in slot 3 could
be assigned to ABC Group 2.
Group Number 2RU Chassis 1RU Chassis
1 3 3
2 4 4
3 7 5
4 8 6
3.3.3 XPIC Slot Requirements

RMCs that are part of an XPIC pair must be placed in adjacent slot pairs, as
follows:
Slots 3 and 4
Slots 5 and 6
Slots 7 and 8
Slots 9 and 10
Page 34 of 261

3.4 Traffic Control Cards (TCC)

The Traffic Control Card (TCC) provides the control functionality for the IP-20LH
unit. It also provides two combo interfaces (electrical or optical) for Ethernet
traffic and two FE interfaces for management traffic. IP-20LH utilizes the TCC-B-
MC, which is optimized to support multi-carrier operation.
Evolution IP-20LH offers the following types of TCC:

TCC-B-MC Provides 2 x FE Ethernet management interfaces and 2 x GbE
combo interfaces (electrical or optical) for Ethernet traffic. Supports Multi-
Carrier ABC with capacity of up to 1 Gbps.
TCC-B2-XG-MC Provides 2 x FE Ethernet management interfaces, 2 x GbE
optical interfaces, 2 x GbE electrical interfaces, and 2 x dual mode electrical or
cascading interfaces. Supports single Multi-Carrier ABC groups with capacity of
up to 1 or 2.5 Gbps (user-configurable) or multiple (up to four) Multi-Carrier
ABC groups with capacity of up to 1 Gbps per group.
The TCC is responsible for the following IP-20LH functionality:
Provides the main CPU for the IP-20LH chassis
Responsible for chassis management
Responsible for switch aggregation
Responsible for synchronization in the IP-20LH chassis3
3
Synchronization support is
Page 35 of 261

TCC-B-MC contains two GbE Ethernet interfaces and two FE interfaces for
management.
For the GbE interfaces, you can choose between two optical (SFP) and two
electrical (RJ-45) physical interfaces. The electrical interfaces are labeled GbE1 and
GbE2. The optical interfaces are labeled SFP1 and SFP2. The optical interfaces are
located to the right of the electrical interfaces.
The FE management interfaces are labeled MGMT1 and MGMT2. These interfaces
are 100BaseT with auto negotiation and auto crossover.
TCC-B2-XG-MC contains two FE management interfaces, which connect to a single

RJ-45 physical connector on the front panel (MGMT).
Page 36 of 261

If the user only needs to use a single management interface, a standard Cat5 RJ-
45 cable (straight or cross) can be connected to the MGMT interface.
To access both management interfaces, a special 2 x FE splitter cable can be
ordered from Ceragon.
Marketing Model Marketing Description Part Number
SPL-ETH-CBL Ethernet split cable rohs WA-0245-0
TCC-B2-XG-MC contains two optical GbE interfaces: SFP1 and SFP2.

TCC-B2-XG-MC contains two electrical GbE interfaces: GbE5 and GbE6.
GbE3/CS3 and GbE4/CS4 can be configured as normal GbE traffic interfaces or as
cascading interfaces. When operating in cascading mode, these interfaces can handle
hybrid Ethernet and Native TDM traffic, enabling operators to create links among
multiple IP-20 units in a node for multi-directional applications.
Note: TCC-B2-XG-MC cannot be used with software versions prior to
T8.2.
All TCC models also contain the following interfaces:
One RJ-45 terminal interface (RS-232)
One DB-9 interface for external alarms, supporting four pairs of signals
One RJ-45 synchronization interface for clock input and clock output
All TCC models contain the following LED:
ACT Indicates whether the card is working properly (Green) or if there is an
All TCC models can be used in both 1RU and 2RU IP-20LH chassis.
The following table summarizes the functionality supported by the various TCC
models.
TCC Type Ethernet Traffic Ethernet Sync External Supports Multi-Carrier

Interfaces Management Interface Alarms ABC
Interfaces
TCC-B-MC 2 x GbE combo 2 x FE interfaces Yes Yes Supports single Multi-

(optical or electrical) Carrier ABC group of
interfaces up to 1 Gbps
TCC-B2-XG-MC 2 x GbE electrical 2 x FE interfaces, Yes Yes Supports single Multi-
interfaces which connect to Carrier ABC group of
2 x GbE optical a single RJ-45 up to 2.5 Gbps.
interfaces physical Also supports multiple
connector on the Multi-Carrier ABC
2 x dual mode
front panel groups of up to 1 Gbps
electrical or
cascading interfaces per group.
Page 37 of 261

3.4.1 TCC Redundancy

The 2RU IP-20N can have two TCCs for TCC redundancy. TCC protection must be
enabled in order for TCC redundancy to operate. The database and configuration
of the active TCC must be copied manually from the active TCC to the standby
TCC. All TCC models support TCC redundancy, but the two TCCs must be the same
model.
In a redundant TCC configuration, the TCCs share chassis configuration and status
Activation key information, MAC addresses, and serial numbers, are stored in the
Inventory Module (IVM). In a redundant TCC configuration, both TCC cards can
access the IVM.
TCC switchover takes place automatically upon failure of the active TCC. TCC
switchover can also be performed manually by the user.
Hot Switchover (HSO) is also available for all TCC models. HSO takes place with no
unit reset and a minimal traffic disruption.
There are three modes for Ethernet interface protection with TCC redundancy:
Ethernet Line Protection Mode Traffic is routed to the Ethernet interfaces on
the TCC via two interfaces on an external switch. Ethernet Line Protection
requires that the external switch support LACP. Ethernet Line Protection
Mode can be used with optical and electrical Ethernet interfaces.
Optical Splitter Mode An optical splitter cable is used to connect both the
active and the standby Ethernet ports. Optical Splitter Mode can be used with
optical Ethernet interfaces only.
Electrical Splitter Mode - A Y-cable is used to connect to both the active and
the standby Ethernet ports. With Electrical Splitter Mode, interface protection
is only supported for speeds up to 100 Mbps (Fast Ethernet). Electrical Splitter
Mode can be used with electrical Ethernet interfaces only.
All of these methods are supported with all TCC models.
For Electrical Splitter Mode, the following Y-cable must be connected to the
relevant interfaces on the active and standby TCCs:
Part Number Marketing Model Description
WA-0244-0 15P-PROT-CBL CABLE,RJ45F TO 2XRJ45, 1.34M,CAT-5E,
T3 synchronization input via the TCC Sync interface is supported with TCC
Redundancy. A Y cable is used to connect to the relevant interfaces on the active
and standby TCCs.
T4 synchronization output is not supported with TCC Redundancy.
Page 38 of 261

The following events trigger TCC switchover:

Manual or Forced Switch
Removal of the active TCC from the chassis
Loss of Carrier (LOC) in any of the optical Ethernet interfaces on the TCC
LOC takes place if the Admin status of the interface is Enabled and the
Operational status is Down. If the interface is closed as a result of ASP, the
interface is considered to be in LOC state, and TCC switchover is not triggered.
Following TCC switchover triggered by LOC, there is an automatic timeout of one
minute before any further TCC switchover can take place due to LOC.
Page 39 of 261

3.5 Radio Modem Card (RMC)

The Radio Modem Card (RMC) provides the modem interface between the IDU
and the XCVR. The 1RU model of IP-20LH can accommodate up to four RMCs. The
2RU model of IP-20LH can accommodate up to eight RMCs.
Evolution IP-20LH operates with the RMC-E. RMC-E supports up to 1024 QAM
(with ACM). RMC-E also supports XPIC, with up to 1024 QAM.
RMC-E includes an IF interface to connect to the XCVR (radio unit) and an STM-1
interface for native TDM support.
Page 40 of 261

RMC_Es can be placed in slots 3 to 6 in a 1RU IDU and slots 3 to 10 in a 2RU IDU.
The RMC-E uses a TNC interface to connect to the XCVR.
The RMC-E STM1/OC3-RST STM-1 interface is an SPF port.
RMC-E provides the following LEDs:
error or a problem with
LINK Indicates status of the radio link.
XCVR Indicates status of the XCVR.
STM1/OC-3 - Indicates the status of the STM-1/OC-3 interface.
These LEDs indicate the following:
ACT
Green The card is operating properly.
Blinking Green
Red
Blinking Red The card is in troubleshooting mode.
Off There is no power to the card or the card is disabled.
LINK
Green The radio link is operational.
Blinking Green An IF loopback has been activated and the result is OK.
Red There is a Radio LOF or Radio Excessive BER alarm.
Blinking Red An IF loopback has been activated and the result is Failed.
XCVR
Green The XCVR is functioning normally.
Blinking Green An RF loopback has been activated and the result is OK.
Yellow There is a warning or minor severity alarm on the radio, the XCVR
is in TX mute mode, or the XCVR is in Standby mode.
Red There is a critical or major severity alarm on the radio, or a cable is
disconnected or shorted.
Blinking Red - An RF loopback has been activated and the result is Failed.
STM1/OC-3
Indicates whether the STM-1/OC-3 interface is enabled with no alarms
(Green), with alarms (Red), or with no interfaces enabled (Off).
Page 41 of 261

3.6 Ethernet Line Cards (LIC-X)

IP-20LH offers the following types of Ethernet Line Cards (Ethernet LICs):
LIC-X-E4-Elec (4x GbE), with 1 GbE combo interface, 1 GbE electrical (RJ-45)
interface, and 2 dual mode electrical or cascading interfaces
LIC-X-E4-Opt (4x GbE), with 1 GbE combo interface, 1 GbE optical (SFP)
interface, and 2 dual mode optical or cascading interfaces
LIC-X-E10, with a single 10GE optical interface
GbE3 and GbE 4 in LIC-X-E4-Elec, and SFP3 and SFP4 in LIC-X-E4-Opt, can be
configured as normal GbE traffic interfaces or as cascading interfaces. When
operating in cascading mode, these interfaces can handle hybrid Ethernet and
Native TDM traffic, enabling operators to create links among multiple IP-20 units
in a node for multi-directional applications.
Notes: The 10GE interface on the LIC-X-E10 cannot be used as a
cascading interface.
The LIC-X-E10 requires TCC-B2-XG-MC.
Page 42 of 261

In a 1 RU chassis, an Ethernet LIC can only be placed in slot 2.

In a 2RU chassis, Ethernet LICs can only be placed in slots 2 and 12.
Page 43 of 261

An Ethernet LIC contains the following LEDs:

Interface LEDs Each interface has a LED that indicates whether the interface
is operational (Green), operational with traffic (Blinking Green), or not
operational (Off).
3.6.1 10GE Interface Protection

Interface protection is available for the 10GE interface on LIC-X-10 Ethernet LICs.
An optical Y-splitter cable is used to connect the two 10GE interfaces and the
external switch.
The following events trigger switchover from the active to the standby interface:
Loss of Carrier (LOC) on the active interface.
Operational state on the active interface is Down.
The LIC with the active interface is removed from the chassis.
The LIC with the active interface is disabled.
Manual switch.
Force switch.
Lockout.
Page 44 of 261

3.7 TDM Line Cards (LIC-T)

IP-20LH offers the following types of TDM Line Cards (TDM LICs):
LIC-T16 (16 x E1)
LIC-T155 (1 x ch-STM-1)
LIC-STM1/OC3-RST (1 x STM-1)
LIC-T16 and LIC-T155 cards can be placed in any slot except the TCC and PDC slots
(slot 1 and, in a 2RU chassis, slot 11). LIC-STM1/OC3-RST cards can be placed in
any slot except the TCC and PDC slots (slot 1 and, in a 2RU chassis, slot 11) and
slot 2 and, in a 2RU chassis, slot 12.
Page 45 of 261

Notes: Support for the synchronization interface on the LIC-T16 and LIC-
T155 for T3 synchronization input and T4 synchronization output
is
A model of the LIC-T16 is available without the synchronization
interface (Part Number: 24-L004-0). This model cannot be used
with software versions prior to T8.0.
Page 46 of 261

A TDM LIC contains the following LEDs:

ed).
Interface Indicates whether the interfaces are enabled with no alarms
(Green), with alarms (Red), or with no interfaces enabled (Off).
Page 47 of 261

3.8 Power Distribution Cards (PDC)

Evolution IP-20LH receives an external supply of -48V current via one or two
Power Distribution Cards (PDCs). The PDC or PDCs distribute the power via the
backplane to all the modules in the chassis. Each module receives the 48V input
and regulates it down to the operating voltage required by that module. XCVRs
are powered from the PDC, via the RMC that is connected to the XCVR.
The PDC monitors the power supply for under-voltage. The PDC includes a LED
labeled ACT, which displays Green during normal operation. If the voltage goes
below -38V, the LED displays Red. When the voltage returns to -40V or higher, the
Red indication goes off and the Green indication reappears.
The PDC includes reverse polarity protection, so that if the positive (+) and
negative (-) inputs are mixed up, the system remains shutdown.
The PDC can tolerate up-to -60V, with a maximum current of 30A.
A 1RU chassis includes a single power distribution card (PDC) with a dual-feed
option for power redundancy. With the dual-feed option, users can connect two
power supplies to the PDC for power redundancy.
Page 48 of 261

When connecting the power, it is important to verify that the wiring is according
to the correct polarity.
Page 49 of 261

A 2RU chassis can use two PDC cards for redundancy. Each PDC provides 48V
power to all modules in the chassis via the backplane, on different lines. A diode
bridge in the modules prevents power spikes and unstable power from the two
power sources.
Page 50 of 261

3.9 Inventory Module (IVM)

Each IDU includes an Inventory Module (IVM). The IVM is used to store inventory
information for the chassis. It is part of the basic chassis package, and is located
on the backplane of the chassis. There is no user access to the IVM.
Note: The same IVM is used for 1RU and 2RU chassis.
The IVM contains pre-programmed information that defines the chassis and its
slots, including:
Module types that can be inserted into the chassis, per slot
Product and card names
Internal MAC addresses
Serial number
Hardware versions
Activation-key-enabled features and capacities
Upon software initialization, the IP-20LH software accesses the IVM to validate
the chassis type and hardware revision, and to verify the activation key for
enabled features and capacities.
Page 51 of 261

3.10 Fans Module

The IDU uses a fans module in both 1RU and 2RU chassis.
Note: Separate fans modules are used in a 1RU and a 2RU chassis.
The fans module contains four 48V fans. The fans draw air into one side of the
chassis, and push the air out the other side.
of the IDU. The fan controller regulates the speed of the fans and thus the airflow
through the chassis, keeping the internal temperature within the operating
speed, and the fans do not stop completely at any temperature range.
Page 52 of 261

3.11 Filter Tray (Optional)

IP-20LH offers a filter as optional equipment. If a filter tray is not ordered, the IDU
is delivered with a blank Filter Slot cover.
Page 53 of 261

4. XCVR Hardware Description and Branching Options

Evolution Transceivers (XCVRs) were designed with sturdiness, power, simplicity,
and compatibility in mind. These advanced systems provide high-power
transmission for short and long distances and can be assembled and installed
quickly and easily.
Evolution XCVRs deliver high capacity with configurable modulation schemes.
Modulations range from QPSK to 1024 QAM for single polarization and XPIC
configurations.
The XCVRs support low to high capacities for traditional voice, mission critical, and
emerging Ethernet services, with any mix of interfaces, pure Ethernet, pure TDM,
or hybrid Ethernet and TDM interfaces (Native2).
High spectral efficiency can be ensured with XPIC, using the same bandwidth for
double the capacity, via a single carrier, with vertical and horizontal polarizations.
The IDU and XCVR are connected by a coaxial cable RG-223 (up to 100 m/300 ft),
Belden 9914/RG-8 (up to 300 m/1000 ft) or equivalent, with TNC interfaces on the
XCVR and the RMC in the Evolution IP-20LH chassis.
Evolution XCVR Overview
Main Features of the Evolution
Evolution XCVR Installation Options
Space Diversity with IF Combining
Channel Arrangements
Evolution IP-20LH XCVR Branching System
Page 54 of 261

4.1 Evolution XCVR Overview

The Evolution XCVR utilizes state-of-the-art technology to achieve low power
consumption and high reliability. The XCVR is connected to the branching system
by means of coaxial connectors.
An Evolution IP-20LH system can include up to eight XCVRs and the RF branching
system. The XCVR hardware is capacity and modulation independent. The XCVR
consists of the transmitter, including direct RF modulation, and the receiver. It is
tunable over the whole frequency band, both high and low part. It can be
mounted both indoor and outdoor.
The XCVR can be ordered with or without IFC Space Diversity.
Page 55 of 261

4.2 Main Features of the Evolution XCVR

Frequency range 4-11 GHz
Frequency source Synthesizer
Installation type Split Mount (Remote Mount), All indoor
Diversity Optional innovative IF Combining Space Diversity for improved
system gain
High transmit power Up to 31 dBm in All Indoor and Split Mount
installations
Configurable Modulation
Single Polarization: QPSK 1024 QAM
XPIC: QPSK 1024 QAM
Configurable Channel Bandwidth Up to 56 MHz
Channel Arrangement Supports ACCP, ACAP and CCDP
XPIC and CCDP Built-in XPIC (Cross Polarization Interference Canceller) and
Co-Channel Dual Polarization (CCDP) feature for double transmission capacity,
and higher bandwidth efficiency
Transmitter power output control rate > 50 dB/s
Typical ATPC-range 20-25 dB
Guaranteed ATPC-range 20 dB 4
RF Channel Selection Via EMS/NMS
4
20 dB ATPC range is referenced to maximum output power. Link capacities with lower output power
will have a corresponding reduction of the ATPC range.
Page 56 of 261

4.3 Evolution XCVR Installation Options

In an all-indoor system, the XCVRs and IDU chassis are instal
rack and connected to the antenna or antennas by means of an elliptical
waveguide.
The split-mount version has an outdoor branching housing with capacity of up to
four XCVRs, with the options of IFC Space Diversity and XPIC. There is also a
configuration option for connecting two outdoor branching housings, enabling the
use of up to eight XCVRs on a single polarization. Another configuration option is
to use two housings with dual polarized antennas enabling up to eight XCVRs with
up to four XCVRs per polarization.
In split-mount configuration, the indoor and outdoor parts of the system are
connected via coaxial cable. This eliminates the need for expensive waveguide,
while still providing the convenience and interface accessibility of an all-indoor
system.
Page 57 of 261

4.4 Space Diversity with IF Combining

Space Diversity with IF combining (IFC) is available for all configurations, both All-
Indoor and Split-Mount. An IFC Space Diversity system includes a separate
branching system for the Space Diversity antenna and Space Diversity transceiver
units. An IFC Space Diversity system uses a transceiver unit with one transmitter
and two receivers. One receiver is connected to the main antenna and the other
receiver to the space diversity antenna. The system can contain several radios for
each antenna using the branching system. Space Diversity can be used on difficult
paths with fading and if one of the signals is affected, the combiner will choose
the better signal or combine the two signals to one. The control functions are
included in the transceiver unit.
4.4.1 Combining Principles and Performance

The Evolution XCVR uses in-phase combining
effect of this combining is an improvement of the receiver threshold in fading
situations when input levels are low. The improvement is at least 2.5 dB for
signals of the same level at an arbitrary phase difference.
The maximum difference of waveguide lengths between main and diversity
antennas is 30 meters for a standard space transceiver. The static delay
compensation is automatically adjusted during system installation. External delay
compensation or external instruments are not needed.
Page 58 of 261

4.5 Channel Arrangements

An Evolution IP-20LH system has a very flexible branching system which allows for
all operation modes; Adjacent Channel Alternate Polarization (ACAP), Adjacent
Channel Co-Polarization (ACCP) and Co-Channel Dual Polarized (CCDP).
Page 59 of 261

4.6 Evolution IP-20LH XCVR Branching System

The Evolution branching system is very flexible and supports adjacent and co-
channel operation in all frequency bands for 28, 40 and 56 MHz channels. The low
loss RF branching system combines up to 10 channels to one antenna port. The
branching system contains narrow band RF-filters for each channel and circulators
connecting the channels together. The branching system can be split for
transmission on both polarizations. In Space Diversity configurations, two receive
branching systems are used in parallel connecting the two antennas to two
receivers inputs for each channel.
If system expansion is planned, the branching should be delivered for the final
configuration. The branching system has the same branching loss for all channels.
4.6.1 Branching Block Diagrams
Page 60 of 261

The following diagrams show only one terminal and refer to both channel
positions.
Page 61 of 261

Page 62 of 261

5. Activation Keys
This chapter describes IP- -20LH uses
the IP-20N activation key scheme. IP-20LH offers a pay as-you-grow concept in
which future capacity growth and additional functionality can be enabled with
activation keys. For purposes of the activation keys, each IP-20LH chassis is
considered a distinct device, regardless of which cards are included in the chassis.
Each device contains a single unified activation key cipher.
Activation keys are divided into two categories:
Per Carrier The Activation Key is per carrier.
Per Device The Activation Key is per device, regardless of the number of
carriers supported by the device.

Working with Activation Keys
Demo Mode
Activation Key Reclaim
Activation Key-Enabled Features
5.1 Working with Activation Keys

Ceragon provides a web-based system for managing activation keys. This system
enables authorized users to generate activation keys, which are generated per
IDU serial number.
In order to upgrade an activation key, the activation key must be entered into the
IP-20LH. The system checks and implements the new activation key, enabling
access to new capacities and/or features.
In the event that the activation-key-enabled capacity and feature set is exceeded,
an Activation Key Violation alarm occurs and the Web EMS displays a yellow
background and an activation key violation warning. After a 48-hour grace period,
all other alarms are hidden until the capacity and features in use are brought
5.2 Demo Mode

The system can be used in demo mode, which enables all features for 60 days.
Demo mode expires 60 days from the time it was activated, at which time the
most recent valid activation key cipher goes into effect. The 60-day period is only
counted when the system is powered up. Ten days before demo mode expires, an
alarm is raised indicating to the user that demo mode is about to expire.
Page 63 of 261

5.3 Activation Key Reclaim

If a customer needs to deactivate an IP-20 device, whether to return it for repairs
obtain a credit that can be applied to activation keys for other devices.
Where the customer has purchased upgrade activation keys, credit is given for the
full feature or capacity, not for each individual upgrade. For example, if the
customer purchased five capacity activation keys for 300M and later purchased
three upgrade activation keys to 350M, credit is given as if the customer had
purchased three activation keys for 350M and two activation keys for 300M.
Note: Activation Key Reclaim is only available for IP-20 devices running
CeraOS 9.2 or later.
5.4 Activation Key-Enabled Features

The default (base) activation key provides each carrier with a capacity of 10 Mbps.
In addition, the default activation key provides:
A single management service, with MSTP available for this service.
Unlimited Smart Pipe (L1) services.
A single 1 x GbE port for traffic.
Unlimited Native TDM services (but no TDM pseudowire services)
Full QoS with basic queue buffer management (fixed queues with 1 Mbit
buffer size limit, tail-drop only).
LAG
No synchronization
No TCC redundancy
Note: As described in more detail below, a CET Node activation key
allows all CET service/EVC types including Smart Pipe, Point-to-
Point, and Multipoint, and MSTP for all services, as well as an
additional GbE traffic port for a total of 2 x GbE traffic ports.
As your network expands and additional functionality is desired, activation keys
can be purchased for the features described in the following table.
Marketing Model Type (Per Description For Addition Information

Carrier/Per Device)
Refer to Per Carrier Capacity Summary

radio capacity in gradual steps by
on page 67. upgrading your capacity activation key
level. Without a capacity activation
key, each carrier has a capacity of 10
Mbps. Activation-key-enabled capacity
is available from 50 Mbps to 500
Mbps. Each RMC can be activation-key-
enabled for a different capacity.
Page 64 of 261


Carrier/Per Device)
IP-20-SL-ACM Per Carrier Enables the use of Adaptive Coding Adaptive Coding Modulation
and Modulation (ACM) scripts. (ACM)
IP-20-SL-MC-ABC Per Carrier Enables Multi-Carrier ABC. Hybrid Multi-Carrier Adaptive
Bandwidth Control (Hybrid MC-
ABC
IP-20-SL-Header- Per Carrier Enables the use of Header De- Header De-Duplication
DeDuplication Duplication, which can be configured
to operate at L2 through L4.
IP-20-SL-XPIC Per Carrier Enables the use of Cross Polarization Cross Polarization Interference
Interference Canceller (XPIC). Each Canceller (XPIC)
carrier in the XPIC pair must be
activation-key-enabled.
IP-20-SL-GE-Port Per Port Enables the use of a TCC/LIC Ethernet Traffic Control Cards (TCC)
traffic port in GbE mode
(10/100/1000baseT or 1000baseX). An
activation key is required for each
Ethernet traffic port that is used on the
device. An activation key can be
installed multiple times with dynamic
allocation inside the unit to enable
multiple GbE ports.
IP-20-SL-10GE-Port Per Port Enables the use of the 10GE optical Ethernet Line Cards (LIC-X)
interface on an LIC-X-E10.
Page 65 of 261


Carrier/Per Device)
Refer to Per Device Enables Carrier Ethernet Transport Ethernet Service Model
(CET) and a number of Ethernet Quality of Service (QoS)
on page 68. services (EVCs), depending on the type
of CET Node activation key:
Edge CET Node Up to 8 EVCs.
Aggregation Level 1 CET Node Up
to 64 EVCs.
Aggregation Level 2 CET Node Up
to 1024 EVCs.
A CET Node activation key also enables
the following:
A GbE traffic port in addition to the
port provided by the default
activation key, for a total of 2 GbE
traffic ports.
Network resiliency (MSTP/RSTP)
for all services.
Full QoS for all services including
basic queue buffer management
(fixed queues buffer size limit, tail-
drop only) and eight queues per
port, no H-QoS.
IP-20-SL-Network- Per Device Enables the following protocols for Network Resiliency
Resiliency improving network resiliency:
G.8032
TDM Services 1:1/1+1 path
protection
IP-20-SL-H-QoS Per Device Enables H-QoS.5 This activation key is Quality of Service (QoS)
required to add service-bundles with
dedicated queues to interfaces.
Without this activation key, only the
default eight queues per port are
supported.
IP-20-SL-Enh- Per Device Enables configurable (non-default) Quality of Service (QoS)
Packet-Buffer queue buffer size limit for Green and
Yellow frames. Also enables WRED.
The default queue buffer size limit is
1Mbits for Green frames and 0.5 Mbits
for Yellow frames.
5
H-QoS support is
Page 66 of 261


Carrier/Per Device)
IP-20-SL-Sync-Unit Per Device Enables the G.8262 synchronization

unit. This activation key is required in
order to provide end-to-end
synchronization distribution on the
physical layer. This activation key is
also required to use Synchronous
Ethernet (SyncE).
IP-20-SL-Frame-Cut- Per Device Enables Frame Cut-Through. Frame Cut-Through
Through
IP-20-SL-Main-Card- Per Device Enables the use of a second TCC in a TCC Redundancy
Redundancy 2RU chassis for TCC Redundancy.
IP-20-SL-TDM-PW Per Device Enables TDM pseudowire services on Pseudowire Services
units with TDM interfaces. Without
this activation key, only native TDM
services are supported.
IP-20-SL-Secure- Per Device Enables secure management protocols Secure Communication
Management (SSH, HTTPS, SFTP, SNMPv3, and Channels
RADIUS).
IP-20-SL-Eth-OAM- Per Device Enables Connectivity Fault Connectivity Fault Management
FM Management (FM) per Y.1731 (CET (FM)
mode only).
IP-20-SL-Eth-OAM- Per Device Enables performance monitoring
PM pursuant to Y.1731 (CET mode only).6
Marketing Model Description
IP-20-SL-Capacity-50M IP-20 SL - Capacity 50M, per carrier

6
PM support is
Page 67 of 261

Marketing Model Description

IP-20-SL-Upg-50M-100M IP-20 SL - Upg 50M - 100M, per carrier
Marketing Model # of Bundled Management # of Pipe # of CET (L2) # of

GbE Ports for Service (L1) Ethernet Native
User Traffic Ethernet Services7 TDM
Services Services
Default (No Activation 1 Yes Unlimited - 512

Key)
IP-20-SL-Edge-CET-Node 2 Yes Unlimited 8 512
IP-20-SL-Agg-Lvl-1-CET- 2 Yes Unlimited 64 512
Node
IP-20-SL-Agg-Lvl-2-CET- 2 Yes Unlimited 1024 512
Node
7
Including Point-to-Point, Multipoint, and TDM Pseudowire services. An IP-20-SL-TDM-PW activation key
is also required to enable TDM Pseudowire services.
Page 68 of 261

If a CET activation key is not generated on the IP-20 device upon initial configuration,
the device uses by default a base smart pipe activation key (SL-0311-0). If the
operator later wants to upgrade from the base smart pipe activation key to a CET
activation key, the customer must use a CET upgrade activation key. The following
table lists the CET upgrade activation keys:
Marketing Model Upgrade From Upgrade To
IP-20-SL-Upg-Pipe/Edge-CET NG Smart Pipe Activation Key (SL-0311-0) IP-20-SL-Edge-CET-Node (SL-0312-0)
IP-20-SL-Upg-Edge/Agg-Lvl-1 IP-20-SL-Edge-CET-Node (SL-0312-0) IP-20-SL-Agg-Lvl-1-CET-Node (SL-0313-0)
IP-20-SL-Upg-Agg-Lvl-1/Lvl-2 IP-20-SL-Agg-Lvl-1-CET-Node (SL-0313-0) IP-20-SL-Agg-Lvl-2-CET-Node (SL-0314-0)
Page 69 of 261

6. Feature Description
This chapter describes the main Evolution IP-20LH features. The feature
descriptions are divided into the categories listed below.

Innovative Techniques to Boost Capacity and Reduce Latency
Radio Features
Ethernet Features
Synchronization
TDM Services
Page 70 of 261

6.1 Innovative Techniques to Boost Capacity and Reduce Latency

IP- -capacity low-
latency solution. IP-20LH -Duplication option is one of the innovative
techniques that enables IP-20LH to boost capacity and provide operators with
efficient spectrum utilization, with no disruption of traffic and no addition of
latency.
IP-20LH utilizes established Ceragon technology to provide low latency
representing a 50% latency reduction for Ethernet services compared to the
industry benchmark for wireless backhaul.
-Through, which provides
unique delay and delay-variation control for delay-sensitive services. Frame Cut-
Through enables high-priority frames to bypass lower priority frames even when
the lower-priority frames have already begun to be transmitted. Once the high-
priority frames are transmitted, transmission of the lower-priority frames is
resumed with no capacity loss and no re-transmission required.
This section includes:

Capacity Summary
Header De-Duplication
Latency
Frame Cut-Through
Page 71 of 261

6.1.1 Capacity Summary

Each carrier in an IP-20LH system provides the following capacity:
Supported Channels 28/40/56 MHz channels.
Frequency Range 4, 5, L6, U6, 7, 8, 10, 11 GHz
High scalability From 10 Mbps to 500 Mbps, using the same hardware,
including the same XCVR.
Modulations - QPSK to 1024 QAM with single polarization and XPIC.

Radio Capacity Specifications
Page 72 of 261

6.1.2 Header De-Duplication

Evolution IP-20LH offers the option of Header De-Duplication, enabling operators
to significantly improve Ethernet throughput over the radio link without affecting
user traffic. Header De-Duplication can be configured to operate on various layers
of the protocol stack, saving bandwidth by reducing unnecessary header
overhead. Header De-duplication is also sometimes known as header
compression.
Note: Without Header De-Duplication, IP-20LHN still removes the IFG
and Preamble fields. This mechanism operates automatically,
even if Header De-Duplication is not selected by the user.
Header De-Duplication identifies traffic flows and replaces the header fields with a
"flow ID". This is done using a sophisticated algorithm that learns unique flows by
looking for repeating frame headers in the traffic stream over the radio link and
compressing them. The principle underlying this feature is that frame headers in
redundant information.
Header De-Duplication can be customized for optimal benefit according to
network usage. The user can determine the layer or layers on which Header De-
Duplication operates, with the following options available:
Layer2 Header De-Duplication operates on the Ethernet level.
MPLS Header De-Duplication operates on the Ethernet and MPLS levels.
Layer3 Header De-Duplication operates on the Ethernet and IP levels.
Layer4 Header De-Duplication operates on all supported layers up to Layer
4.
Tunnel Header De-Duplication operates on Layer 2, Layer 3, and on the
Tunnel layer for packets carrying GTP or GRE frames.
Tunnel-Layer3 Header De-Duplication operates on Layer 2, Layer 3, and on
the Tunnel and T-3 layers for packets carrying GTP or GRE frames.
Tunnel-Layer4 Header De-Duplication operates on Layer 2, Layer 3, and on
the Tunnel, T-3, and T-4 layers for packets carrying GTP or GRE frames.
Page 73 of 261

Operators must balance the depth of De-Duplication against the number of flows
in order to ensure maximum efficiency. Up to 256 concurrent flows are
supported.
The following graphic illustrates how Header De-Duplication can save up to 148
bytes per frame.
Depending on the packet size and network topology, Header De-Duplication can
increase capacity by up to:
50% (256 byte packets)
Page 74 of 261

6.1.2.1 Header De-Duplication Counters

In order to help operators optimize Header De-Duplication, IP-20LH provides
counters when Header De-Duplication is enabled. These counters include real-
time information, such as the number of currently active flows and the number of
flows by specific flow type. This information can be used by operators to monitor
network usage and capacity, and optimize the Header De-Duplication settings. By
monitoring the effectiveness of the Header De-Duplication settings, the operator
can adjust these settings to ensure that the network achieves the highest possible
effective throughput.
Page 75 of 261

6.1.3 Latency
IP-20LH provides best-in-class latency (RFC-2544) for all channels, making it the
obvious choice for LTE (Long-Term Evolution) networks. Refer to
on page 245.
IP-
provides the key to expanded broadband wireless services:
Longer radio chains
Larger radio rings
Shorter recovery times
More capacity
Easing of Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) limitations

Ethernet Latency Specifications
Page 76 of 261

6.1.4 Frame Cut-Through
Related topics:
Ethernet Latency Specifications
Egress Scheduling
Frame Cut-Through is a unique and innovative feature that ensures low latency
for delay-sensitive services, such as CES, VoIP, and control protocols. With Frame
Cut-Through, high-priority frames are pushed ahead of lower priority frames, even
if transmission of the lower priority frames has already begun. Once the high
priority frame has been transmitted, transmission of the lower priority frame is
resumed with no capacity loss and no re-transmission required. This provides
operators with:
Immunity to head-of-line blocking effects key for transporting high-priority,
delay-sensitive traffic.
Reduced delay-variation and maximum-delay over the link:
Reduced end-to-end delay for TDM services.
Improved QoE for VoIP and other streaming applications.
Expedited delivery of critical control frames.
Page 77 of 261

6.1.4.1 Frame Cut-Through Basic Operation

Using Frame Cut-Through, frames assigned to high priority queues can pre-empt
frames already in transmission over the radio from other queues. Transmission of
the preempted frames is resumed after the cut-through with no capacity loss or
re-transmission required. This feature provides services that are sensitive to delay
and delay variation, such as VoIP and Pseudowires, with true transparency to
lower priority services, by enabling the transmission of a high-priority, low-delay
traffic stream.
Frame 4 Frame 4
Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 Frame Cut-Through Frame 5
Start End
When enabled, Frame Cut-Through applies to all the high priority frames, i.e., all
frames that are classified to a CoS queue with 4th (highest) priority.
Page 78 of 261

6.2 Radio Features

This chapter describes the main IP-20LH radio features.
Multi-Carrier ABC enables separate radio carriers to be shared by a single
Ethernet port. This provides an Ethernet link over the radio with multiple capacity,
while still behaving as a single Ethernet interface.
Ceragon was the first to introduce hitless and errorless Adaptive Coding
Modulation (ACM) to provide dynami
shifts modulations instantaneously in response to changes in fading conditions. IP-
QPSK to 1024 QAM.

IP-20LH also supports Cross Polarization Interference Canceller (XPIC). XPIC
enables operators to double their capacity by utilizing dual-polarization radio over
a single-frequency channel, thereby transmitting two separate carrier waves over
the same frequency, but with alternating polarities. For XPIC, IP-20LH provides a
modulation range of QPSK to 1024 QAM.
This section includes:

Hybrid Multi-Carrier Adaptive Bandwidth Control (Hybrid MC-ABC)
Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)
Cross Polarization Interference Canceller (XPIC)
ATPC
Radio Signal Quality PMs
Radio Utilization PMs
Page 79 of 261

6.2.1 Hybrid Multi-Carrier Adaptive Bandwidth Control (Hybrid MC-ABC)

Hybrid Multi-Carrier Adaptive Bandwidth Control (Hybrid MC-ABC) is an
innovative technology that creates logical bundles of multiple radio links
optimized for wireless backhaul applications. Hybrid Multi-Carrier ABC enables
separate radio carriers to be combined into a virtual transport pipe for a high
capacity Ethernet link and individual TDM links. Both the Ethernet link and the
TDM links will be available over radios with individual variable capacity, and
handled by a prioritizing scheme.
In Hybrid Multi-Carrier ABC mode, traffic is split over the available carriers
optimally at the radio frame level irrespectively of the traffic type.
For Ethernet traffic, Hybrid MC-ABC eliminates the need for Ethernet link
aggregation (LAG). Load balancing is performed regardless of the number of MAC
addresses or number of traffic flows.
During fading events which cause ACM modulation changes, each carrier
fluctuates independently with hitless switchovers between modulations,
increasing capacity over a given bandwidth and maximizing spectrum utilization.
In such conditions, the TDM links can be preserved by a sophisticated prioritizing
scheme configured by the user. The result is 100% utilization of radio resources in
which traffic load is balanced based on instantaneous radio capacity per carrier.
The following diagram illustrates the Multi-Carrier ABC traffic flow.
Page 80 of 261

6.2.1.1 Multi-Carrier Configurations

In Hybrid MC-ABC mode, Evolution IP-20LH configurations of up to 8+0 ABC.
With TCC-B2-XG-MC, Evolution IP-20LH also supports the following configurations:
4 X 2+0 Multi-Carrier ABC
2 X 4+0 Multi-Carrier ABC
When using more than one Multi-Carrier ABC group, LIC-STM1/OC3-RST cards and
STM1/OC3-RST interfaces on RMC-E cards can only be assigned to Multi-Carrier
ABC Groups 1 and 3.
RMC-E cards can be assigned to any Multi-Carrier ABC Groups, even though the
STM1/OC3-RST interface on the RMC-E card can only be assigned to Groups 1
and 3.
6.2.1.2 Multi-Carrier ABC Operation

The MC-ABC engine divides the data flows into blocks of data. Each radio carrier is
assigned blocks at a rate which is based on the ACM profile of the carrier. Once
the ACM profile of a carrier changes, the rate at which the data blocks are
delivered to this carrier changes. The higher the ACM profile of a certain carrier,
the higher the block rate assigned to this carrier.
On the receiving side of the link, all blocks are synchronized, meaning that blocks
are delayed based on the last arriving block. The latency of the aggregated data
flow is determined by the slowest arriving block.
A low ACM profile means more latency compared to a higher ACM profile. When
all channels run the same radio script, the latency variation for the aggregated
data stream is determined by the latency variation of one radio channel. This
latency variation is slightly more complicated to predict when the radio carriers
runs at different radio scripts, since each radio script has a unique delay
distribution. Multi-Carrier ABC can tolerate a large delay variance between the
slowest and the fastest arriving blocks.
6.2.1.3 Graceful Degradation of Service

Multi-Carrier ABC provides graceful degradation and protection of service in the
event of XCVR failure or carrier fading. In the case of carrier fading, the system
reduces the number of data blocks assigned to this carrier, until the carrier losses
the connection with the other end of the link. In this case, no data blocks will be
assigned to this carrier. In case of sudden hardware failure, only data in data
blocks that have already been transferred to the radio will be lost. Once the
carrier is lost, the system will stop assigning data blocks to this carrier.
The system determines which radio carriers contribute to the aggregated MC-ABC
link, based on the received channel qualities. Other criteria, such as ACM profile and
latency, are also considered. Adding or removing a carrier is hitless.
Page 81 of 261

When all carriers are up and running, MC-ABC provides the maximum available
aggregated capacity. Even when one or more carriers are operating at limited
capacity or are totally down, the data path remains error free. In the event of
degradation in a particular carrier, the carrier is removed from the aggregated link
before bit errors occur, so the aggregated data flow is hitless.
6.2.1.4 Multi-Carrier ABC and ACM

Multi-Carrier ABC automatically adapts to capacity changes that result from
changes in the current ACM profile. When an ACM profile change takes place on a
specific carrier, MC-ABC responds by changing the block size of that channel. The
process of changing the block size is performed dynamically and is hitless. Since
the ACM profile changes are also hitless, the overall Multi-Carrier ABC traffic is
hitless.
6.2.1.5 Ethernet Traffic Handling

Ethernet traffic, either from the Ethernet LICs (LIC-X-E4-Elec, LIC-X-E4-Opt, or LIC-
X-10) or from the Ethernet ports on the TCC, are forwarded to the Network
Processor module on the TCC. The Network Processor implements the Ethernet
features described elsewhere in this document.
6.2.1.6 TDM Traffic Handling

Three types of TDM services are supported by the system:
STM-1-RST Services
Native E1 Trails
E1 Pseudowire Services
STM-1 RST Traffic

The Hybrid MC-ABC engine converts the Native TDM trails into dedicated blocks.
These Native TDM blocks are assigned higher priority than standard blocks and
are transmitted first, giving high priority to the Native TDM traffic. In case of
decrease in the link performance, the Hybrid-MC-ABC continues to transmit
Native TDM blocks while blocking other types of traffic. This priority mechanism
ensures the high availability of Native TDM trails.
Native TDM trails are forwarded directly from the STM-1 RST interface to the
Hybrid-MC-ABC engine.
Hybrid MC-ABC requires that one side of the link be defined as the
synchronization source for STM-1 RST traffic.
Any cross connect of the SDH traffic should be done externally.
Native E1 Trails
E1 services are implemented by the LIC-T16 or LIC-T155. The E1 services enable
use of the internal Cross Connect functionality of the system. E1 Service trails are
passed from the TDM LICs to the Cross Connect function of the system. From the
Cross Connect function of the system, the E1 service trails are forwarded to the
Hybrid MC-ABC with specific VC marking.
Page 82 of 261

E1 Pseudowire Services
Pseudowire E1 services using LIC-T16 or LIC-T155 LICs are handled by the Hybrid
MC-ABC as Ethernet frames.
Page 83 of 261

6.2.2 Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)
This feature requires:

ACM script
Related topics:
Cross Polarization Interference Canceller (XPIC)
Quality of Service (QoS)
Evolution IP-20LH employs full-range dynamic ACM. IP- ACM mechanism
copes with 100 dB per second flat fading in order to ensure high transmission
quality. IP- -
mechanism to ensure that high priority voice and data frames are never dropped,
thus maintaining even the most stringent service level agreements (SLAs).
The hitless and errorless functionality of IP-
advantage in that it ensures that TCP/IP sessions do not time-out. Without ACM,
even interruptions as short as 50 milliseconds can lead to timeout of TCP/IP
sessions, which are followed by a drastic throughout decrease while these
sessions recover.
6.2.2.1 Up to Nine Working Points

Evolution IP-20LH implements ACM with up to nine available working points, as
follows:
Working Point (Profile) Modulation
Profile 0 QPSK
Profile 1 8 PSK
Profile 2 16 QAM
Profile 3 32 QAM
Profile 4 64 QAM
Profile 5 128 QAM
Profile 6 256 QAM
Profile 7 512 QAM
Profile 8 1024 QAM
Page 84 of 261

6.2.2.2 Hitless and Errorless Step-by Step Adjustments

ACM works as follows. Assuming a system configured for 128 QAM with ~160
Mbps capacity over a 28 MHz channel, when the receive signal Bit Error Ratio
(BER) level reaches a predetermined threshold, the system preemptively switches
to 64 QAM and the throughput is stepped down to ~133 Mbps. This is an
errorless, virtually instantaneous switch. The system continues to operate at 64
QAM until the fading condition either intensifies or disappears. If the fade
intensifies, another switch takes the system down to 32 QAM. If, on the other
hand, the weather condition improves, the modulation is switched back to the
next higher step (e.g., 128 QAM) and so on, step by step. The switching continues
automatically and as quickly as needed, and can reach all the way down to QPSK
during extreme conditions.
6.2.2.3 ACM Radio SRMs

An ACM radio SRM is constructed of a set of profiles. Each profile is defined by a
SRM is activated, the system automatically chooses which profile to use according
to the channel fading conditions.
The ACM TX SRM can be different from the ACM RX SRM.
The ACM TX SRM is determined by remote RX MSE (Minimum Square Error rate)
performance. The RX end is the one that initiates an ACM SRM upgrade or
downgrade. When MSE improves above a predefined threshold, RX generates a
request to the remote TX to upgrade its SRM. If MSE degrades below a predefined
threshold, RX generates a request to the remote TX to downgrade its SRM.
ACM SRMs are decreased or increased in an errorless operation, without affecting
traffic.
Page 85 of 261

6.2.2.4 ACM Benefits

The advantages of Evolution IP-20
Maximized spectrum usage
Increased capacity over a given bandwidth
Nine modulation working points (~3 dB system gain for each point change)
Hitless and errorless modulation changes, based on signal quality
An integrated QoS mechanism that enables intelligent congestion management
to ensure that high priority traffic is not affected during link fading
6.2.2.5 ACM and Built-In QoS

IP- -
ensure that high priority voice and data frames are never dropped, thus
maintaining even the most stringent SLAs. Since QoS provides priority support for
different classes of service, according to a wide range of criteria, you can
configure IP-20LH to discard only low priority frames as conditions deteriorate.
flow control mechanism supported in the radio.
Page 86 of 261

6.2.3 Cross Polarization Interference Canceller (XPIC)
This feature requires:

2+0 configuration
XPIC is one of the best ways to break the barriers of spectral efficiency. Using
dual-polarization radio over a single-frequency channel, a dual polarization radio
transmits two separate carrier waves over the same frequency, but using
alternating polarities. Despite the obvious advantages of dual-polarization, one
must also keep in mind that typical antennas cannot completely isolate the two
polarizations. In addition, propagation effects such as rain can cause polarization
rotation, making cross-polarization interference unavoidable.
The relative level of interference is referred to as cross-polarization discrimination

(XPD). While lower spectral efficiency systems (with low SNR requirements such
as QPSK) can easily tolerate such interference, higher modulation schemes cannot
and require XPIC. IP-
even under the worst levels of XPD such as 10 dB. IP-20LH accomplishes this by
adaptively subtracting from each carrier the interfering cross carrier, at the right
phase and level.
6.2.3.1 XPIC Benefits

The advantages of Evolution IP- -6 at a co-
channel sensitivity of 5 dB.
Page 87 of 261

Evolution IP 20LH Technical Description 9.2 Rev A

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Evolution IP 20LH Technical Description 9.2 Rev A

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Technical Description

June 2017 | Rev A

Open Source Statement

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3. IDU Hardware Description ....................................................................................... 25

4. XCVR Hardware Description and Branching Options ................................................. 54

5. Activation Keys ....................................................................................................... 63

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5.2 Demo Mode ............................................................................................................................... 63

7. Evolution IP-20LH Management ............................................................................ 203

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7.6 Slot Management and Card Configuration ..............................................................................210

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8.4 Transmit Power Specifications (dBm) ......................................................................................235

9. Standards and Certifications .................................................................................. 257

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Figure 36: Power Distribution with Redundant PDCs ............................................................................50

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Figure 73: Adding a Site Using an E-LAN Service ..................................................................................102

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Figure 110: Load Balancing Example in G.8032 Ring ............................................................................168

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Table 35: IDU Chassis Mechanical Specifications .................................................................................252

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About This Guide

What You Should Know

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1. Synonyms and Acronyms

ACM Adaptive Coding and Modulation

ACR Adaptive Clock Recovery

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LACP Link Aggregation Control Protocol

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RSL Received Signal Level

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cost and electricity consumption are reduced, achieving an overall diminished

This chapter includes:

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2.1 Product Overview

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2.1.1 Evolution Transceiver (XCVR)

For additional information:

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2.1.2 Evolution IP-20LH Hardware Options and Scalability

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Interface Type 1RU Chassis 2RU Chassis

TDM STM-1 4 x LIC-STM1/OC3-RST or STM-1/OC-3-RST 8 x LIC-STM1/OC3-RST or STM-1/OC-3-RST

2.1.3 Evolution IP-20LH Highlights

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An Evolution IP-20LH system can be used in the following configurations:

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2.1.4 Evolution IP-20LH’s No-Single-Point-of-Failure Architecture

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2.2 New Features in Version T9.2

Feature Further Information Configuration Instructions in the User’s

Activation Key Reclaim on page 64

Enhanced LAG Distribution on Section 3.6.5,

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3. IDU Hardware Description

The IDU can be used with the following card types:

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3.1 Hardware Architecture