NMIMS Global Access

School for Continuing Education (NGA-SCE)

Course: Organisational Behaviour

Internal Assignment Applicable for December 2021

Examination
 Table of Content
Q.1.............................................................................................................................................. 3

Answer ....................................................................................................................................... 3

Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 3

Concept and Analysis ............................................................................................................ 3

Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 5

Q.2.............................................................................................................................................. 6

Answer ....................................................................................................................................... 6

Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 6

Concept and Analysis ............................................................................................................ 6

Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 8

Q.3 a ........................................................................................................................................... 9

Answer ....................................................................................................................................... 9

Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 9

Concept and Analysis ............................................................................................................ 9

Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 10

Q.3 b......................................................................................................................................... 11

Answer ..................................................................................................................................... 11

Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 11

Concept and Analysis .......................................................................................................... 11

Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 12

References ................................................................................................................................ 13
Q.1

Answer
Introduction

In order to get started, you have to figure out what kind of supervisor you are. You can
develop a management style that is centred on your strong points and quality expectations
by assessing your own. As soon as your leadership style has been defined, a society of
recognising behaviour in the past must all be put in place. Everyone wants a job where
they can work with those who are passionate about what they do. Higher productivity and
high quality will result from fostering a better work atmosphere. If a worker lack both
enthusiasm and energy, this same corporate culture could well suffer.
Concept and Analysis

The following are the most important 5 skills that businesses want in candidates:

• Professionalism,
• a commitment to quality work,
• and dilemma skills are all required,
• as are teamwork attributes,
• professional competence,
• and language skills (verbal and non - verbal).

Understanding the Value of Critical Thinking

However, rationality can only be supposed to teach in a classroom if it is also practised

outside of it. In accordance with the National Institution of Schools and Business owners,
employers highly value rational thinking skills. Despite the fact that enterprises desire and
involve the ability to do analytical reasoning, employers believe that new graduates are
only "very proficient" when it comes to it. Employers prize reasoning abilities, but only
55.8% of recent grads possess them.

Learn to Think Critically

Thanks to student engagement, students' critical faculties will be going to better use in
their projects. There are numerous chances to learn by doing. Students can actively learn
through internships, work-based learning, laboratories, or practical sessions. The learner
can apply what he or she has learned instead of just memorising facts. Include critical
analysis assigned tasks in the schoolroom to standard for excellence' critical thinking
skills. Your dilemma and team - work skills will improve significantly of your
involvement in class activities, projects, and discussions with your fellow students and
professors.

Workplace Partnership and Team spirit: What Is It Good For?

Tasks in college, despite their challenges, are excellent preparation for consultation and
cooperation. In a wide variety of jobs, working with someone is critical to success.
Teamwork is required in all areas of the business to keep it running smoothly, from
building projects to advertising to breast feeding to performance.

Companies grow but also develop as a result of employees working together. It's
important to remember that everyone brings something different to the table. Discussions
with co-workers’ can result in the emergence of a brand-new notion. Knowing how to
work well with others will give you an edge over the competitors when you start a new
job. Even though many employers believed graduates must also improve their critical
thinking skills, collaborative effort was greatly valued by many businesses.

A high degree of professionalism but instead ethical conduct

One thing all managers want is for their employees to put in the effort and act
professionally. Employers anticipate work culture as well as excellence, no matter what
system or career you pursue after graduation.

A person with a good work ethic and just a competent mannerism is sought after by every
company. What was most important is that you may have good social and technical skills,
as well as a good work ethic, no matter for which you go after college. According to the
Employers Politicians Areas of expertise study, only 42.5% of workers exhibited
"Classiness Ethic" attributes.

Making Professional and Ethical Growth Progress

Many opportunities exist for you to continue your career growth while you are still in
school, participating in school activities, and working. The simplest actions like to be on
time and keeping a positive attitude can go a long way toward constructing these strengths.
Far more thing activities, such as washing or housecleaning, can help.
Ability to communicate verbally and in writing

Incorrect grammar and syntax in a short text to relatives will affect how well you can
communicate. If you don't interact with people mouth, your ability to communicate
effectively may be compromised. Computer revolution, on the other hand, is not the best
way to communicate in many fields. Secret dialogues in the office can have far-reaching
consequences. These are also areas where many recent graduates’ own room for
improvement. Despite the reality that 95% of businesses agree, only 41% of survey takers
say they possess good communication skills.

Leadership Competencies

Only 33 percent of employees are doing think to do all of those qualities, despite the fact
that 68.6 percent of employers prefer aspirants with outstanding leadership features. You
can achieve success in your field of knowledge if you have logical thinking, teamwork,
competence, and a strong work ethic.
Conclusion

Nowadays, almost all jobs necessitate critical thinking skills. for the most part, everyone
Employees need to be able to testing theories, challenge assumptions, and draw
conclusions from data before it can be used. Reflection is a gift, but it may also be
practised as a practice to help in decision-making and problem-solving. The ability to
complete your project on time and on budget may fall under one of your obligations. Hard-
working individuals are typically the first to be given new duties. Workers with a good
work ethic and a good attitude are more likely to be promoted or given additional
responsibility in the company. About 97.5% of companies believe cooperation is
important in the workplace, and about 77.5% think fresh graduates are good at it.
Q.2

Answer
Introduction

People's endurance was put to the test is when COVID-19 outbreak forced them to work
from home. However, if returning to the workplace was truly risk-free, it's possible that
the modern office's new design would have unintended consequences. Or more 1,500
design experts polled ONE World - wide Design's 20 company collaborations on April
1st. After a few days straight, most people would be used to working from home. Now
that we've heard from you, we're better prepared for the future of remote work in 2020.
Concept and Analysis

The poll found that the five most important concerns for staff who perform from home
are fitness with well, workflow, technology, and managerial style.

Health and well-being

In the event of a pandemic, survey respondents said they'd do whatever it takes to protect
themselves first. Having close good relations was deemed essential to the happiness and
health of approximately 73% of the creatives. Work-life balance is becoming increasingly
difficult as more people choose to work from home.

A large majority of those people said they personally prefer the liberation of remote
working when asked whether it was a top priority while offices were still open. Workers
can better track how much and when individuals work best by remote employees, that
either can have a big impact on office decoration placement.

Workflow

As per a recent survey, employees with caregiving responsibilities or who can only work
from one location at home said that working remotely gave them more freedom. Because
of surveys like this one, a lot of students believe that certain tasks are more imaginative
and motivated when done at school, while others are better left to be completed on their
own time at home. Staying active, according to the researchers, continued to improve their
ability to interact and work collaboratively more than telework.
MEYER and Therefore only one New Global chairman Suzanne Nichols of such
committee report, says, "They would like to see their friends and be in community hubs
together. In spite of the fact that it's fantastic for changing their views, they wouldn't like
to be here already anymore. So maybe if I have more independence in my new job, I'll be
self - employed on processes involving my full attention one day a week."

Technology

The researchers conclude that technological advancements allow us to selectively enhance

or completely eradicate certain habits. They provide numerous examples to back up their
claim. [source] Teleworkers are just no longer the underdogs at gatherings, thanks to
advancements in technology that have effect produced and created new leadership
opportunities. When people returned to work after Zoom meetings with headset, they were
seriously concerned that decibel levels would rise.

Yet more people expect that technological advancement will be a necessity as remote
work becomes more common. Their desire to learn and digest the newest advancements
is constrained by their belief that their company could use extra training to maximise its
potential. Nicholson backs up my assertion.

Tools

People seem to be more able to understand the importance of specific instruments now
that they work from home. Most people think desk phones are overkill, while only half of
those polled said they needed a phone at their desk. There were a variety of reasons given
by those who refused to move from their assigned workspace, such as easy access to
resources, personal privacy, and knowing where things are located in the office. Many
people have mentioned the significance of aligning workplace practises with business
goals and working habits in this area.

Management style

As evidenced by their proclamations and the survey, most respondents believed their
business might adapt to these changes. Study participants stated that checking in quite
often and using software more frequently made it easier to interact with co-workers
therefore the mentorship of the group. Even though nearly everyone had the same goal of
staying in touch on a regular basis, their motivations varied.
Conclusion

Selection, organisation, and handling of sensor information are all examples of thought
functions. In terms of perception, practitioners, objects of interest, and the surrounding
environment are all included. If your core audience understands what your message is,
you can keep your viewpoint intact. This type of influence involves getting those certain
people to interpret which they tell at you in a way that is favourable to you.
Q.3 a

Answer
Introduction

When it comes to being an efficient coach, there are several characteristics required. It is
the leaders' job to guide, direct, and/or affect their own team's work in some way. Several
key nature, methods, and operations exist in leaders that can help them succeed more
quickly and effectively. Entrepreneurship depends on having individuals who can
motivate others, foster group work, and increase output.
Concept and Analysis

In order to advance effectively, managers must be able to quickly and accurately manage
their clubs while somehow taking into consideration the specific employees' needs. As a
result, they're able to work effectively with the other members of the team who have
different personalities and perspectives.

Learning provides people with the chance to improve themselves as an outcome of their
interactions with others. Knowledge gives a person this opportunity. When someone
responds to someone else or adjusts their previous behaviour, they learn. There appear to
be 4 main speculations of education:

This includes theories such as habituation, cognitive theory, cognitive learning, and
social learning.

In contrast to what conditioners theory predicts, people who've had training have an
unusually strong response. Every day when this in our immediate changes in the
environment, we gain a new perspective on what's to come. Endurance creates actions and
establishes a connection to a rewarding experience in order to make learning processes
more understandable to the learner. When researchers think of conditioning, we
automatically conjure up the name of Russian scientist Ivan Pavlov. As a hard drug as in
throat, this dish enhances salivation when eaten in moderation. And from the other hand,
the mere thought of sweet, juicy peaches may cause your salivary glands to swell. As a
result, the actions of others represent the circumstances of others. This operation's cooling
step is what we're talking about.
Principles of Operant

Programming for operational purposes differs from other types of conditioning in this
regard. There are various types of behaviour that are rewarded and penalised in this
section. Ivan Pavlov had accomplished for operant trying to train what Social psychologist
B.F. Skinner could have accomplished for systematic desensitisation. An individual's
leadership as “depending on the situation, according to operant conditioning Those who
benefit from behaving in a particular way will keep going to do so. So instead of
participating in negative behaviour, they'll try to stay away from it. According to Skinner,
people are more likely to behave in a certain way if the results are satisfying.

Cognitive Learning Theory

In cognitive science, researchers examine how and why folks think, as well as their beliefs
and perceptions of the world. Cognitive functions like training a skill or relying on one's
memory can make it easier to learn new skills. As just an illustration, consider how you
learned the time by staring at a clock. It's not uncommon to see images of people with
large or small hands in popular culture. It takes a lot of practise to become an expert at
telling time. This learner did not involve any state of activity or behaviours.

Collective Intelligence Theory

One of the most important things to remember is that people could learn from their
surroundings, as the social cognitive hypothesis states. Educators, parents, co-workers,
and moviegoers the key to being a successful TV entertainer or leader is knowing how
other people are reacting and what happens while they follow your instructions (or orders).
According to this viewpoint, the female's impact is the most essential thing. There are four
ways to gauge a model's responsivity to cognitive science. To be successful, follow these
guidelines.

To Increase Concentration, Use Procreation Modelling.

Conclusion

Having true leadership qualities is a given if you want to be likely to succeed in just about
any field and otherwise company. Female leaders get the chance to understand not only
the capabilities they'll want on the job, but also how to become better leaders.
Q.3 b

Answer
Introduction

Learning necessitates strengthening. To the rule of impact, a perpetuating activity is one

that increases the reaction's potentiality while also having an effect that had been initially
reinforcement. It's only compelling if it raises the reply before it.
Concept and Analysis

Many behaviour modification strategies can be used by managers to help employees learn
in the workplace. It's critical to place an emphasis on positive reinforcement while
avoiding negative consequences, such as withholding, excluding, or punishing. Each type
serves different purposes based on how much the children learn. They'll go through each
one at a time until they've finished.

Results. results are most effective when several conditions are met.

Here's a rundown of what each one means:

For this reason, the prize should be customised to meet this same needs of each individual.
While a compensation system which benefits the entire company can be an option,
executives can also choose to give incentives that are specific to the needs of employees.
A single individual's financial reward may behave as an enforcer, but appreciation for
one's efforts may be a more effective enforcer. It's critical that rewards are linked to the
value provided when it comes to incentives. Because the medal is based on ability, a
higher standard of expertise should be applied. • This assumes that any incentive given
ought to be linked to the value received in return A whole other important factor to think
about is when you'll receive your prize. We refer to it as the principle of immediate
encouragement. Faster reward systems have an impact than those that take time. As time
passes without providing an incentive to engage in desired behaviours, positive attitude
becomes increasingly ineffective.

To learn how to avoid certain places or situations, training avoidance starting to learn.

Evasion learning is a part of remuneration that uses shows a lack. An example of

"avoidance learning" is the practise of preparing employees ahead of time to avoid
uncomfortable situations or results that may give rise. Employees become more skilled as
a result of following directions. Staff who consistently do their jobs well or run on time
cannot be ridiculed, harassed, or criticised by their business owners.

Extinction.

Lack of positive validation leads to decreased frequency in accordance with the extinction
theory. If an insistently tardy employee receives management kudos but does not receive
a raise in pay, it can prompt to the "disappearance" of time management if that is not
reinforced (Figure). If showing up late in the previous era seems to have no effect, it's
plausible that even an executive will decide to show up for work soon.

Prison time

Sanction damages actions and makes it less likely that it will occur again. Prison sentence
is the methodology to change in behaviour that has sparked the most debate. A person
will be held responsible if they engage in risk - taking behaviour in the past. To put it
another way: discipline works by discouraging poor behaviour and eventually getting rid
of it completely.
Conclusion

It's critical to recognize the difference between motivating employees and rewarding
them. Focuses on the cognitive aspects of motivation, showing how important they are.
Motivating employees comes from within, from something they sense but don't express
in their acts until they have it first-hand. When it comes to support, however, it is
immediately evident and usually comes outside the system. Some managers unwittingly
encourage desirable behaviours in their employees.
References

Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational behavior (Vol. 4). New Jersey: Pearson
Education.

Ivancevich, J. M., Matteson, M. T., & Konopaske, R. (1990). Organizational behavior and
management.

Argyris, C. (1960). Understanding organizational behavior.