SHORT RESPONSE. Answer the following questions on the space provided.

Show all the

pertinent solutions and box your final answer.
1. A sample of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) contains 1.2 × 1023 molecules.
a) Calculate how many moles of phosphoric acid is this.
b) Calculate how many atoms of phosphorus will there be.
c) Calculate how many atoms of hydrogen it will contain.

2. A component of protein called serine has an approximate molar mass of 100 g/mole. The
percent composition is as follows: C = 34.95 % H= 6.844 % N= 13.59 % O = 46.56 %
a) Determine the empirical formula of serine.
b) Determine the molecular formula of serine.
c) Differentiate empirical formula from molecular formula.

3. The percentages of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in vitamin C are determined by burning a
sample of vitamin C weighing 1.000 g. The masses of CO2 and H2O formed are 1.500 g and
0.408 g, respectively.
a) Calculate the masses and amounts of carbon and hydrogen in the sample.
b) Determine the mass and amount of oxygen in the sample.
c) From the above data, determine the empirical formula of vitamin C.

4. Many antacids contain aluminum hydroxide as their active ingredient.

a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction of HCl in stomach acid with solid Al(OH)3
(aluminum hydroxide) to form water and an aqueous AlCl3 (aluminum chloride).
b) Determine the molar mass of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum chloride.
c) Calculate the number of moles of HCl that will react with 2.50 moles of aluminum
hydroxide?
d) Determine the limiting reactant and excess reactant when 7.5 g of Aluminum hydroxide
reacts with 12.0 g of hydrochloric acid.
e) Calculate for the theoretical yield of Aluminum chloride when 9.6 g of aluminum chloride
is produced.
f) Solve for the percent yield of Aluminum chloride.

5. Use oxidation states to deduce which species is oxidized and which is reduced in the
following reactions:
a) Sn2+ (aq) + 2Fe3+ (aq) à Sn4+ (aq) + 2Fe2+ (aq)
b) Cl2 (aq) + 2NaBr (aq) à Br2 (aq) + 2NaCl (aq)
c) 2FeCl2 (aq) + Cl2 (aq) à 2FeCl3 (aq)

6. Write the chemical formula of the following species:

a) calcium phosphate
b) copper (II) carbonate
c) aluminum hydroxide
d) iron (III) chloride
e) cobalt (II) nitrate