Name: Marvin L. Gendive Jr.

Course Code/Section: IJK1

Program and Year Level: BS MngE - 4 Date Submitted: 04/04/2022

Assignment No. 2 in Topic 2. Drilling Methods

Instruction: You can add major or supporting ideas from other resources provided that proper
citation is observed in your final output. The submission will be on or before April 1, 2022, on or
before 1pm. Kindly take note of the details provided at the bottom of this file.

1. What is the main purpose of drilling exploration program?

• To ascertain the composition of known mineral resources or to investigate possible
geological/commercially valuable sites. Geologists can retrieve and analyze sample
core profiles at the surface using exploration drilling since it has a low
environmental impact and is less expensive.

2. Give at least three (3) types of drilling equipment used in drilling exploration and briefly
define it. Answers should be presented in bullet form.
• Drilling Rig - A drilling rig is the equipment used to drill a wellbore. Major
components of the drilling rig include the mud tanks and pumps, the derrick,
the drawworks, the rotary table, the drill string, the power generation equipment
and auxiliary equipment. A complete drilling rig may be assembled on a barge and
the vessel used for drilling wells in lakes and in inland waters and marshes.

• Drill Rod - segments of stainless-steel piping, which are joined together to form a
drill string. The drill string connects the drilling rig at the surface to the drilling head
at the tunnel face.
• Boring Machine - device for producing smooth and accurate holes in a workpiece by
enlarging existing holes with a bore, which may bear a single cutting tip of steel,
cemented carbide, or diamond or may be a small grinding wheel.
3. What is a Diamond Core Drilling?

• a form of core drilling which uses a rotary drill with a diamond drill bit attached in
order to create precisely measured holes. As diamond is the hardest naturally
occurring material in the world, it is ideal for creating openings in a range of
materials including concrete, metal and glass.
4. Give the two major types of core drilling and differentiate. Their differences must be
presented in bullet. Also show a picture of the methods presented.
 Conventional Drilling
• the entire drill string needs to be
pulled out of the bore hole for each
drilling cycle.
• all the drill rods must be removed
from the hole and the threads must
be taken apart and rejoined for each
core sample.
5. Briefly define the following and provide a picture/diagram if applicable.
a. Annulus - The space between
two concentric objects, such
as between the wellbore and
casing or between casing and
tubing, where fluid can flow.
Pipe may consist of drill
collars, drillpipe, casing, or
tubing.
b. Bailing - recover bottomhole
fluids, samples, mud, sand,
or drill cuttings by lowering
a cylindrical vessel called a
bailer to the bottom of a well,
filling it, and retrieving it.
Wire line drilling
• a piece of equipment
called an overshot is sent
down the hole to release
and retrieve the inner
tube.
• The overshot and inner
tube are then brought up
to the surface using a
wireline hoist, allowing
the rods and core bit to
remain in the hole. A new
inner tube is then lowered
down and locked into
place.
c. Bit - a tool used to cut or
crush rock.
d. Borehole - A hole that is
drilled into the earth, as in
exploratory well drilling or
in building construction
e. Core - The material left
inside the drill bit
f. Core barrel - a tube inside a
drill pipe and supported by a
bit to receive the core in core
boring.
g. Core drill - a hollow,
cylindrical drill that is used
 to make holes through a
surface. It is made of metal,
and the drill tips are usually
coated with either diamond
or carbide.
h. Down-the-hole drill -
involves a drilling hammer
at the bottom of a drill string.
It relies on three elements for
drilling holes: bit loading
(weight), rotation and air.
These active elements
combine to be efficient at
crushing rock.
i. Drill casing - a large
diameter pipe that is
assembled and inserted into
a recently drilled section of a
borehole.
j. Drill cuttings - broken bits of
solid material removed from
a borehole drilled by rotary,
percussion, or auger
methods and brought to the
surface in the drilling mud.
k. Drill platform - structure,
either fixed to the sea bed or
mobile, which supports the
machinery and equipment
(the drilling rig), together
with the stores, required for
digging an offshore oil well.
l. Drill rod - segments of
stainless-steel piping, which
are joined together to form a
drill string. The drill string
connects the drilling rig at
the surface to the drilling
head at the tunnel face.
m. Drill run – an act of
conducting drilling
n. Drill string - a column, or
string, of drill pipe that
transmits drilling fluid (via
the mud pumps) and torque
to the drill bit. A drill string
is made up of consecutive
drilling rods attached to the
drilling head on one end and
the drilling rig on the other.
o. Driller - the person on a rig
who is in charge of the well
drilling process, they
supervise the crew and the
running of the rig itself.
p. Drillhole - hole or passage
made by a drill; usually
made for exploratory
purposes
q. Drilling fluid - a mixture of
clay and other chemicals
with oil or water that is
circulated around the drill bit
in oil-well drilling in order to
lubricate and cool the bit,
flush rock cuttings to the
surface, and plaster the side
of the well to prevent cave-
ins.
r. Mast - a structure over an oil
well which supports the
drilling equipment and
allows it to be lifted into and
out of the wellbore.
s. Mud/water pump - a
reciprocating pump used to
circulate fluid (mud) through
a well during drilling.
t. Roughneck - A floor hand, or
member of the drilling crew
who works under the
direction of the driller to
make or break connections as
drillpipe is tripped in or out
of the hole
 u. Sludge - The mud and w. Top hammer drill
chippings made during
- primarily used in mining,
boring with a diamond or
construction and quarrying of
churn drill and sometimes
rock material. In top hammer
used for sampling purposes.
drilling, the activity is
v. Toolpusher - a foreman who concentrated at the top of the
supervises drilling drill string, above the hole, as a
operations at an oil well or hammer transmits cyclical shock
group of oil wells. waves to the drill bit by applying
a percussive force on the drill
rods or tubes (With DTH drills,
the hammer is placed down-the-
hole at the bit).

References:

Committee on Advanced Drilling Technologies, National Research Council. (1994). Read

“Drilling and Excavation Technologies for the Future” at NAP.edu. THE NATIONAL
ACADEMIC PRESS. https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/2349/chapter/4

boring machine. (n.d.). Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/boring-

machine#:%7E:text=boring%20machine%2C%20device%20for%20producing,be%20a%

20small%20grinding%20wheel./

Trenchlesspedia. (n.d.). Drill Rod. https://www.trenchlesspedia.com/definition/2269/drill-

rod#:%7E:text=Drill%20rods%20are%20segments%20of,head%20at%20the%20tunnel%20face.
/

Corecut. (2020, June 25). What is Diamond Drilling? | Core Drilling.

https://www.corecut.co.uk/corecut/diamond-drilling/what-is-diamond-drilling/

McCoremick, R. (2016). ABCs of Diamond Drilling - The Core Drilling Process. FORDIA.

http://blog.fordia.com/blog/abcs-of-diamond-drilling-the-core-drilling-process/