PROJECT PAPER ee Dr. Masri bin Abdul Lasi CITY UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA Learning Outcome * Chapter Ill is your thesis or project “recipe”. + You describe the steps you took to conduct your research or designed your project. + How detailed should it be? + The reader should have enough information that he/she could replicate your research with the same or similar population and arrive at the same results.Re-Introduce the Reader + What is it again you are doing? — Purpose statement - Objective — Aparagraph or two. If the reader is interested in your methodology, he/she does not have to go back and forth through Chapter | to revisit the purpose and objectives. ae, Operational Framework + Avisual representation of your steps to complete your research, + Construct a flow-chart with labels. + Make it a “figure” for your document. + Follow APA style for formatting a “figure”. + Be sure to have a narrative of your Operational Framework. + Tell the reader what occurs at each step. CITY UNIVERSE MALAYSIAMethodology + Type of research + Design + Population + Sample & sampling + Data gathering procedure + Data analysis procedure ae, Type of Research of Project + Descriptive + Experimental + Historical + Qualititative + Project (Curriculum design)Design + Survey + Interrelationships studies + Developmental studies + Experimental studies Surveys + School surveys (ie. Teachers, students, administrators, etc.) + Job analysis + Documentary analysis + Public opinion surveys * Community surveysInterrelationships + Case studies + Causal comparative + Correlational studies Developmental Studies + Growth studies + Trend studies + Model or system developmentExperimental Studies + True experimental designs * Quasi-experimental designs + Pre-experimental designs ae, Data Gathering Procedures + Instrument development + Instrument description + Validity + Reliability + How will you get the information? — Self-administered survey questionnaire + Mailed + Online + Ask in person + Ask over the phone CITY UNIVERSE MALAYSIAData Gathering Procedures — Interview + Face to face + Open-ended + Follow-up questions - Observation (Ethnographic) + Watching + Listening + Recording + Non-participatory ae, Instrument Validation — Does the instrument measure the constructs we intend to measure? — Is the instrument reliable? + If we retest the subjects with the same instrument over a period of time (with no treatment in between), will they respond the same? + Is there inter-item reliability?Instrument Validation — Is the instrument valid? — Does it measure what you want it to measure? ae, Population — Describe the subjects of your study. — What characteristics do they share that includes them in your population of interest? — Will you include all members of the population in your study? (Census). — What is the total number? (N) CITY UNIVERSE MALAYSIASampling + Is the size of our population so big that a census is too costly, or will take too much time? Sample the population — Random - Stratification — Proportional — Clusters — Purposive + Sample must be representative of the population ae, Response Rate — How many participants responded to your survey? + Early vs late respondents + Respondents vs non-respondents + Controlling for non-response error — Reporting your response rateData Analysis Procedures — Statistical procedures (ie. use of SAS, SPSS, or another analysis software program) — Descriptive — Inferential — Qualitative — transcription of interviews (coding, categorizing, etc.) — Use of specialized procedures