APLICACIONES SEMÁNTICAS

- Discuss functional models of language and describe their main traits.

- Describe the syntagmatic and the paradigmatic approaches to morphology.
- Explain the notion of annotation and give some examples of types of annotation.
- Explain what terminologies are.
- Describe the differences between an onomasiological and a semasiological perspective in
lexicological analysis.
- Explain in your own words and with your own examples how the concepts of entities and
relations affect the construction of an ontology.
- Describe different levels of language analysis.
- Explain in your own words what a parser is and provide at least two examples showing
how it works.
- Explain Apresjan’s approach to lexicography.
- Describe the concept of hapax in lexicographic studies.
- Describe and explain how pragmatic information can be annotated.
- Describe the typological classification of languages.
- Explain what a metalanguage is and why it is useful for building ontologies.
- Explain the difference between the notions of LEXEME and LEMMA. Provide some
examples.
- Give a concise description of dictionaries, thesauri and glossaries, highlighting the
differences between them.
- Explain what the index of synthesis of a language is and how it relates to the typological
classification of languages.
- Describe Marchand’s (1966) form-related criteria to analyze word-formation phenomena.
Give examples. (p. 58, Chapter 2)
- Different perspectives in ontology definition and its description. (Chapter 5)
- Describe parsing as a type of annotation. (Chapter 4)
- What are the two main approaches to the study of word grammar? (Chapter 3)
- Explain the different positions towards the understanding of language as a conceptual
system.
- Explain in your own words and with your own examples, the concept of predication and
how it affects the construction of the grammar of a language.
- Explain with examples (at least 2) the difference between inflection and derivation.
- Explain in your own words what a dictionary entry is, what it includes, and provide at least
two examples that show this information.
- Summarize the similarities and differences between the European and the American
structuralist perspectives for lexical description.
- Describe the different types of information that a dictionary entry includes in monolingual
dictionaries.
- Explain the criteria for a basic classification of ontologies.
- What a zero derivation? Give at least 2 examples in English.
- Explain how Marchand identifies primitive and derived words (Marchand’s criteria).
- What is the difference between lexicology and lexicography, and between terminology and
terminography?
- What does annotation have to do with corpus analysis?
- What does opacity mean in derivational morphology?
- Based on examples, discuss the differences between language dependent and language
independent concepts.
- Describe Ogden and Richard’s triangle.
- Sometimes, the representation of knowledge is based on lexical organization. Explain the
form this organization may take.
- Describe how knowledge can be represented in linguistic applications.
- Explain the relation between communication and cognition and how it affects different
representational models.
- What is the difference between Stem and Root? Give examples.
- Explain how the way of codifying categories in a language affects its linguistic construction
and knowledge representation.
- Use examples to illustrate the different word formation processes.
- Explain how dictionaries and ontologies capture meaning.
- Can morphology help us understanding how meaning is organized in English? Give some
examples.
- Provide a definition of the concept of morphological derivation and illustrate your definition
with examples.
- Explain the differences between general ontologies and restricted or field ontologies.
- Explain why conceptualization is a basic process for the construction of ontologies.
- Describe how the English language captures certain important general meanings to fix
them in morphological terms.
- Explain which linguistic disciplines and subdisciplines parts should be used to analyse the
different units of the sentence: There are also other alcohol-free beverages.
- Describe similarities and differences between ontologies and dictionaries.
- Explain and give examples of how language is a source of data for ontology building.
- Explain how to set word boundaries; its description and the problems of word identification
using examples.
- Explain how the concept-word relationship works using one example to illustrate it.
- How can we split a word into meaningful parts?
- Explain what terminologies are in semantic analysis.
- Types of languages according to their inflectional system. Provide examples.
- Explain how a dictionary definition captures ontological information.
- Describe, with an example, Marchand’s (1966) content-dependent criteria to explain the
non-transparent derivative process of word.
- Explain the problems of defining what a word is if you want to start writing a dictionary. Are
meaning definition and dictionary definition the same? Explain.
- Describe different types of ontologies.
- Explain what a database is in semantic analysis.
- Explain the relation between the source of data in linguistic analysis and the different
theories about how knowledge is acquired.
- Explain and exemplify the main characteristics of a corpus.
- The concept of lemmatization.
- Types of derivation.
- Explain in which way Ontology as a philosophical discipline affects the structure of modern
ontologies.
- Different kinds of lexical representation in language applications.
- Types of lexical products: dictionaries and ontologies.
- Describe the main differences between ontologies and thesauruses.
- Explain and give examples of the differences between conceptualization and
verbalization.
- Types of dictionaries.