Schools Division Office

ANTONIO A. MACEDA INTEGRATED SCHOOL (HS)

Buenos Aires St. corner. Manga Ave. Sta. Mesa, Manila

Grade Level Grade 7

Quarter Third Quarter
Subject Mathematics 7
Topic Properties of Equality and Inequality

I. OBJECTIVE
S
A. Content The learner demonstrates understanding the properties of equality and inequality.
Standards
B. Performance The learner should
Objective
1. be able to identify the properties of equality and inequality

2. be able to state and apply the properties of equality and inequality

C. Learning At the end of the period, atleast 75% of the students with 75% proficiency are expected to identify and
Competencies/ apply the properties of equality and inequality.
Objectives
II. CONTENT ALBEBRA

III. LEARNING
RESOURCE Math Time Vol. XXIV No. 2 Printed 2022
S
A. References
1. Teachers Guide p.44, p.53
pages
2. Learners Material Quarter 3 Topic 4.3.1
pages
3. Textbook pages Math Time Vol. XXIV No. 2 Printed 2022 p.44-47, p.53 - 54
4. Additional
material from https://depedtambayan.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Math7_Quarter2_Module9.pdf
LRDMS
5.
B. Other Learning https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/university-of-eastern-philippines/bachelor-of-secondary-
Resources education/math-detailed-lesson-plan/39484571
IV. IV. PROCEDURES
A. Reviewing past Let us review the basic concepts of equation and inequalities
lesson or
Presenting the  In an equation, the two expressions are deemed equal which is shown by the symbol =
new lesson (Drill,  Where as in an inequality, the two expression are not necessarily equal which is indicated by
the symbols: >, <, ≥ , ≤ , ≠ 
Review,
Unlocking of
Difficulties)

B. Establishing a Let’s play a game!

purpose of the
REARRANGE THE JUMBLED WORDS.
lesson
(Motivation)
 Schools Division Office
ANTONIO A. MACEDA INTEGRATED SCHOOL (HS)
Buenos Aires St. corner. Manga Ave. Sta. Mesa, Manila

AQULETYI

QLAUIINTYE

PORPRETEIS

C. Presenting PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY

examples / Let a, b and c be any real numbers.
1. Addition Property of Equality (APE)
instances of the If 𝑎 = 𝑏, then 𝑎 + 𝑐 = 𝑏 + 𝑐.
new lesson 2. Subtraction Property of Equality (SPE)
(Presentation) If 𝑎 = 𝑏, then 𝑎 − 𝑐 = 𝑏 − 𝑐.
3. Multiplication Property of Equality (MPE)
If 𝑎 = 𝑏, then 𝑎𝑐 = 𝑏𝑐,
4. Division Property of Equality (DPE)
If 𝑎 = 𝑏 and 𝑐 ≠ 0, then 𝑎/𝑐 = 𝑏/𝑐 .
5. Substitution Law
If 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑐 and 𝑎 = 𝑏, then 𝑏 + 𝑏 = 𝑐 or 𝑎 + 𝑎 = 𝑐
PROPERTIES OF INEQUALITY
1. Trichotomy Property For all real number a and b, only one of the following is true: a < b, a =b,
or a > b
Example: Let a = 1 and b = 2, by substitution we have 1 < 2, 1 = 2 , 1 > 2. Of these 3, only one
is true which is 1 < 2.
2. Transitive Property of Inequality
For all real numbers a, b and c: If a < b and b< c, then a < c. If c > b and b > a, then c > a.
Examples: Let a = 1 and b = 2 and c = 3: If 1 < 2 and 2 < 3, then 1 < 3. If 3 > 2 and 2 > 1, then
3 > 1.
3. Addition Property of Inequality (API)
For all real numbers a, b and c: If a > b, then a + c > b + c. If a < b, then a + c < b + c.
Examples: If 3 > 2, then 3+ 1 > 2 + 1. If 1 < 2, then 1+ 3 < 2 + 3.
4. Subtraction Property of Inequality (SPI)
For all real numbers a, b and c: If a > b, then a - c > b - c. If a < b, then a - c < b - c. Examples:
If 3 > 2, then 3 - 1 > 2 - 1. If 3 < 5, then 3 - 2 < 5 - 2.
5. Multiplication and Division Properties of Inequality by Positive Numbers For all numbers a, b
and c, with c positive,
If a > b then ac >bc and 𝑎/𝑐 > 𝑏/𝑐 . If a < b then ac<bc and 𝑎/𝑐 < 𝑏/c
Examples: If 5 > 3, then (5)(2) > (3)(2). If 3 < 5, then (3)(2) < (5)(2).
6. Multiplication and Division Properties of Inequality by Negative Numbers For all numbers a, b
and c, with c negative,
If a > b then ac<bc and a/c< b/c. If a < b then ac >bc and 𝑎/𝑐 > 𝑏/c
D. Discussing new Note: The Subtraction Property of Equality and the Division Property of Equality are special cases of
concept and the Addition and Multiplication Properties of Equality, respectively. Think of subtracting 1 both sides of
practicing new an equation as adding -1 on both sides. Also, dividing on both sides by 2 of the equation is also the same
skills no.1 as multiplying both sides by 1 2 . To complete the properties of equality, we state the following
(Modelling) properties.

Other Properties of Equality For any real value of a, b, and c,

1. Reflexive Property. Any number is equal to itself. 𝑎 = 𝑎, 𝑏 = 𝑏, 𝑐 = 𝑐

2. Symmetric Property. The expressions on the both sides of the equation may be interchanged. If a = b,
then b = a.

3. Transitive Property If a = b and b = c, then a = c.

E. Finding practical Most of the time, we have to choose what’s more important. Like for example, sometimes your crush is
application of more important than your friends or there are others who prioritize their studies rather than roaming
around because there’s an exam.
concept and skills
in daily living In real life situation, there are inequalities or some things have bigger weight than the other, taller than
(Application/Valu the other, smaller than the other.
ing)
 Schools Division Office
ANTONIO A. MACEDA INTEGRATED SCHOOL (HS)
Buenos Aires St. corner. Manga Ave. Sta. Mesa, Manila

F. Making
Generalization We have mainly nine properties of equality, namely addition property, subtraction property,
and Abstraction multiplication property, division property, reflexive property, symmetric property, transitive property,
substitution property, and square root property of equality. Properties of equality give the relation
about the lesson
between two quantities that are equal and how the equation remains balanced after applying an
(Generalization) operation. When an operation (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) is applied on both
sides of an equation, the equation still holds true.

We have several properties of inequality namely trichotomy property, transitive property, addition,
subtraction property, multiplication and division property.

G. Evaluating Examples. Solve each equation using the properties.

Learning a. 2𝑥 – 4 = 𝑥 + 6 c. 3(𝑥 + 4) = −3
b. 3/4 𝑥 + 5 = 8 d. 2(𝑥 − 3) = 𝑥 + 1

Solution:

Write the original equation APE (add 4 on both sides). Simplify SPE (subtract x from
both sides) The graph of the solution of the equation 2𝑥 – 4 = 𝑥 + 6 which is 𝑥 = 10 is
shown below.

Write the original equation SPE (Subtract 5 from both sides. Simplify MPE (Multiply
both sides by 4/3 , the inverse of ¾. The graph of the solution of the equation 3/4 𝑥 + 5
= 8 which is x = 4 is shown below.

Write the original equation Distributive Property

(Multiply 3 to x and 3 to 4) SPE(Subtract 12 from both sides). Simplify DPE (divide
both sides by 3)
The graph of the solution of the equation 3(𝑥 + 4) = −3 which is 𝑥 = −5 is shown
 Schools Division Office
ANTONIO A. MACEDA INTEGRATED SCHOOL (HS)
Buenos Aires St. corner. Manga Ave. Sta. Mesa, Manila

below.

Write the original equation Distributive Property

(Multiply 2 to x and 2 to -3) APE (add 6 to both sides). Simplify SPE (subtract x from
both sides)
The graph of the solution of the equation 2(𝑥 − 3) = 𝑥 + 1 which is 𝑥 = 7 is shown
below.

H. Additional Match the solutions under Column B to each equation or inequality in one
activities for variable under Column A. Remember that inequalities can have more than one
application or solution. List all acceptable solutions.
remediation
(Assignment) COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. 4𝑥 − 4 = 12 A. −1
2. 2𝑥 − 1 = 3 B. 0
3. 𝑥 – 2 > 7 C. 1
4. 4𝑥 > 12 D. 2
5. 𝑥 – 5 > 3 E. 3
6. 𝑥 + 4 = 5 F. 4
7. 7𝑥 – 5 = 16 G. 5
8. 5𝑥 = 30 H. 6
9. 3𝑥 – 1 < −1 I. 9
10. 2𝑥 – 5 = 13 J. 10

Prepared by: Checked by:

JOMAR S. DE CHAVEZ MIMILANIE F. DELA MERCED

Pre – Service Teacher Critic Teacher

Noted by:

CECILLE D. RESPALL
Master Teacher

Approved by:
 Schools Division Office
ANTONIO A. MACEDA INTEGRATED SCHOOL (HS)
Buenos Aires St. corner. Manga Ave. Sta. Mesa, Manila

JUVY G. DELOS SANTOS

Mathematics Head Teacher