Sana’a University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Mechatronics
Electric Machines

Load (External) characteristics of

D.C separately exited Generator

Supervised by:
Eng. ALI

Members Of Team:
ABDULLAH HUSSEIN ATEF 201970198
MOHSEN MOHSEN AL_YAARI 201970363
EBRAHIM ALI SOLH 201907231
TAHA QASSAM 201970226

2019/198
 Objective:
To connect the separately exited generator to an external load, to
run at normal speed and obtain its external characteristic.

 Tools if Experiment:
1) 2 x Shunt wound machines.
2) 1 x Tacho generators.
3) 5 x A VOmeters.
4) 2 x DC power supplies.
5) Variable load (0 – 1560 Ω resistance).
6) Connection wires.

 Connection Diagram:

Fig 1

 Hardware:

Fig 2: In lab
 PROCEDURES:
1) The motor-generator set is arranged and connected to the DC
supplies as shown in the figure.
2) The generator is run up to its normal speed by means of the
shunt motor.
3) The speed is kept constant during experiment by means of the
motor field regulating resistance RL.
4) With the generator at on load, its terminal voltage is adjusted to
the rated value by adjusting Ifg which will be kept constant after
that.
5) To obtain the external characteristics a load resistance RL is
connected and a series of readings
6) Plot the relation between VL and IL

 Results:

n(rpm) Vin(V) Iin(A) Ifg(A) IL(A) Vt(V)

2000 220 0.3 0.07 0.1 170
2000 220 0.45 0.06 0.2 146
2000 220 0.67 0.07 0.3 141
2000 220 0.9 0.07 0.37 110
Table 1

 Graph:

Fig
 Discussion:
1. Comment on the shape of the curve you have obtained and state
why a DC separately exited generator is called a "constant
voltage generator".
Eg is decreased with increasing of armature current.

2. If the generator's armature resistance is 50Ω, use its to obtain

the "internal characteristics".

3. Why does the internal voltage (load voltage) decrease with

increase of the load current?
Because that increasing of load current (armature current), the
IaRa drop increases, so the terminal voltage of the generator
falls.

4. If the load resistance RL is 800 Ω, show how you can locate the
operating point on the external characteristics.

If the load current increases, the terminal voltage falls due to :

1) The armature reaction, and armature reaction
Causes flux weakening.
2) The voltage drop across armature resistance (IARA).

5. Determine the value of generator voltage regulation at full load.

The voltage regulator is determined from formula :

VR = (VNl-VFl)/VFl * 100%

6. Although at no load the value of IL is zero, Ii have a certain

value called the no load current, i.e. at zero output power there
is a Small amount of input power, comment on this result.

This small amount of power is due to residual flux.