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Madas

TRIGONOMETRIC
IDENTITIES

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 Created by T. Madas

1. ( 2cos x + sin x )2 + ( cos x − 2sin x )2 ≡ 5 (**)

2. secθ − secθ sin 2 θ ≡ cos θ (**)

cos x sin x cos ( x + y )

3. − ≡ (**)
sin y cos y sin y cos y

 π  π
4. cos  2 x +  + cos  2 x −  ≡ cos 2 x (**)
 3  3

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 Created by T. Madas

5. ( cos x + sec x )2 ≡ tan 2 x + cos 2 x + 3 (**)

6. cos x sin x ( cot x + tan x ) ≡ 1 (**)

7. cos x + sin x tan x ≡ sec x (**)

8. cosec x − sin x ≡ cos x cot x (**)

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 Created by T. Madas

 π  π
9. sin  x +  − 3 cos  x +  ≡ 2 sin x (**)
 3  3

 π  π
10. cos  x +  + 3 sin  x +  ≡ 2 cos x (**)
 3  3

11. tan θ + cot θ ≡ 2 cosec 2θ (**)

12. sec θ cosec θ ≡ 2 cosec 2θ (**)

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 Created by T. Madas

cos 2θ
13. ≡ cos θ + sin θ (**)
cos θ − sin θ

1 − cos 2 x
14. ≡ tan x (**)
sin 2 x

cot 2 x
15. 2
≡ cos 2 x (**)
1 + cot x

1 1
16. + ≡ 2sec x (**)
sec x − tan x sec x + tan x

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 Created by T. Madas

 π  π
17. tan  x +  tan  x −  ≡ −1 (**)
 4  4

1 1
18. − ≡ 2 sin θ sec 2θ (**)
cos θ − sin θ cos θ + sin θ

tan x sec x
19. ≡ sin x (**)
1 + tan 2 x

sin ( x + y )
20. ≡ tan x + tan y (**)
cos x cos y

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 Created by T. Madas

21. cot x + tan x ≡ sec x cosec x (**)

22. sec2 θ cos5 θ + cot θ cosecθ sin 4 θ ≡ cos θ (**)

tan 2 x − 3
23. tan ( x + 60° ) tan ( x − 60° ) ≡ (**)
1 − 3tan 2 x

24. ( )
cosec 2 x tan 2 x − sin 2 x ≡ tan 2 x (**+)

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 Created by T. Madas

25. tan 2θ sec θ ≡ 2sin θ sec 2θ (**+)

26. (1 − cos x )(1 + sec x ) ≡ sin x tan x (**+)

cosecθ
27. ≡ sec 2 θ (**+)
cosecθ − sin θ

28. cos 2 x + tan x sin 2 x ≡ 1 (**+)

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 Created by T. Madas

29. (1 − sin θ )(1 + cosec θ ) ≡ cos θ cot θ (**+)

cot x cosec x
30. ≡ cos x (**+)
1 + cot 2 x

1 1
31. − ≡ 2 tan x (**+)
sec x − tan x sec x + tan x

sin x sin x
32. − ≡ 2 tan 2 x (**+)
1 − sin x 1 + sin x

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 Created by T. Madas

33. ( )
sec2θ cot 2 θ − cos 2 θ ≡ cot 2 θ (**+)

34. cosec x sec2 x ≡ cosec x + tan x sec x (**+)

cos 2 x sin 2 x
35. + ≡ cosec x (**+)
sin x cos x

 π  π
36. sin  x +  ≡ cos  x −  (***)
 4  4

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 Created by T. Madas

37. ( cosecθ − sin θ ) sec2 θ ≡ cosecθ (***)

1 1
38. 2
+ ≡ 1 (***)
1 + sin θ 1 + cosec2θ

1 + tan 2 x
39. ≡ sec 2 x (***)
1 − tan 2 x

40. cot 2 x + cosec 2 x ≡ cot x (***)

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 Created by T. Madas

2 tan x
41. sin 2 x ≡ (***)
1 + tan 2 x

sec2 θ
42. ≡ sec 2θ (***)
1 − tan 2 θ

tan 2θ − sin 2θ
43. ≡ 2sin 2 θ (***)
tan 2θ

cosec x − sin x
44. ≡ sec x (***)
cos 2 x cot x

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 Created by T. Madas

2cot θ
45. sin 2θ ≡ (***)
1 + cot 2 θ

sin 2θ cos 2θ
46. − ≡ sec θ (***)
sin θ cos θ

sin θ 1 + cos θ
47. + ≡ 2 cosec θ (***)
1 + cos θ sin θ

1 − tan 2 θ
48. cos 2θ ≡ (***)
1 + tan 2 θ

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 Created by T. Madas

49. 2 + 2cos 2θ ≡ 2 cos θ (***)

1 1
50. + ≡ 2 sec θ tan θ (***+)
cosec θ − 1 cosec θ + 1

51. ( 3sin θ + 5cosθ )2 ≡ 17 + 8cos 2θ + 15sin 2θ (***+)

2 2
 1 + sin θ   1 − sin θ  2
52.   +  ≡ 2 + 4 tan θ (***+)
 cos θ   cos θ 

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 Created by T. Madas

53. 2 cot 2θ + tan θ ≡ cot θ (***+)

cos x
54. cos x + sin x tan 2 x ≡ (***+)
cos 2 x

55. 4cosec2 2θ − sec 2θ ≡ cosec2θ (***+)

sin 2 x + sin x
56. ≡ tan x (***+)
cos 2 x + cos x + 1

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 Created by T. Madas

tan A − cot B
57. ≡ tan A cot B (***+)
tan B − cot A

58.
(1 + sec x )(1 − cos x ) ≡ sin x (***+)
tan x

59. cos 3 x ≡ 4cos3 x − 3cos x (***+)

tan x sec x − 1
60. − ≡ 2 cot x (***+)
sec x − 1 tan x

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 Created by T. Madas

61. cot x − tan x ≡ 2 cot 2 x (***+)

62. sin 3 A ≡ 3sin A − 4sin 3 A (***+)

sec x − cos x
63. ≡ tan 3 x (***+)
cosec x − sin x

cot 2 x + 1
64. cosec 2 x ≡ (***+)
2cot x

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 Created by T. Madas

sec 2 x − 1
65. ≡ tan 2 x (***+)
sec 2 x + 1

66. 4cosec2 2θ − cosec2θ ≡ sec2θ (***+)

cos 2 x − cos x + 1
67. ≡ cot x (***+)
sin 2 x − sin x

68. ( tan θ + cot θ )( sin θ + cos θ ) ≡ sec θ + cosec θ (***+)

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 Created by T. Madas

 π  π
69. sin 2  θ +  + sin 2  θ −  ≡ 1 (***)
 4  4

70. tan A (1 + sec 2 A ) ≡ tan 2 A (****)

1 − cos 2 x + sin 2 x
71. ≡ tan x .
1 + cos 2 x + sin 2 x

72. cos ( x + y ) cos ( x − y ) ≡ cos 2 x − sin 2 y (****)

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 Created by T. Madas

tan 2θ + sin 2θ
73. ≡ 2cos 2 θ (****)
tan 2θ

sec x sec x
74. − ≡ 2cosec 2 x (****)
1 + sec x 1 − sec x

cot 2 x − 1
75. cot 2 x ≡ (****)
2 cot x

sin 3θ cos 3θ
76. − ≡ 2 (****)
sin θ cos θ

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 Created by T. Madas

2 tan x 2
77. 2 − 2 tan x − ≡ (1 − tan x ) (****)
tan 2 x

1 + cos x 1
78. ≡ cot 2 x (****)
1 − cos x 2

79. 2 ( secθ − cos θ )( cosecθ − sin θ ) ≡ sin 2θ (****)

80. cot x − 2 cot 2 x ≡ tan x (****)

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 Created by T. Madas

1 1 2secθ
81. + ≡ (****)
cos θ − sin θ cos θ + sin θ 1 − tan 2 θ

1 + sin x cos x
82. ≡ (****)
cos x 1 − sin x

83. cos3 θ + sin 3 θ ≡ ( cos θ + sin θ )(1 − sin θ cos θ ) (****)

2 tan 2 x
84. ≡ cosec2 x (****)
tan 2 x − sin 2 x

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 Created by T. Madas

85. cosec2θ − cot 2θ ≡ tan θ (****)

sin x 1
86. ≡ cot x (****)
1 − cos x 2

2 tan x x
87. ≡ sec 2   (****)
tan x + sin x 2

cosec x cosec x
88. − ≡ 2sec 2 x (****)
1 + cosec x 1 − cosec x

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 Created by T. Madas

89. sin ( x + y ) sin ( x − y ) ≡ cos 2 y − cos 2 x (****)

cot x cot y − 1
90. cot ( x + y ) ≡ (****)
cot x + cot y

cos x 1 − sin x
91. + ≡ 2 sec x (****)
1 − sin x cos x

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 Created by T. Madas

 π  π
92. sin 2  θ +  − sin 2  θ −  ≡ sin 2θ (****)
 4  4

 π  π
93. tan  θ +  + tan  θ −  ≡ 2 tan 2θ (****)
 4  4

94. ( cos x + sin x )( cosec x − sec x ) ≡ 2 cot 2 x (****)

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 Created by T. Madas

 P +Q   P −Q 
95. sin P − sin Q ≡ 2 cos   sin   (****)
 2   2 

cot θ cos θ
96. − ≡ 2 tan θ (****)
cosec θ − 1 1 + sin θ

1
97. cosec θ − cot θ ≡ tan θ (****)
2

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 Created by T. Madas

sin 3θ cos 3θ
98. + ≡ 2 cot 2θ (****)
cos θ sin θ

cot x cosec x − 1
99. − ≡ 2 tan x (****)
cosec x − 1 cot x

100. sin 2 ( x + y ) − sin 2 ( x − y ) ≡ sin 2 x sin 2 y (****)

 P+Q  P −Q 
101. cos P + cos Q ≡ 2 cos   cos   (****)
 2   2 

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 Created by T. Madas

cos 4θ + cos 2θ
102. ≡ cot θ (****+)
sin 4θ − sin 2θ

sin x cos x
103. ≡ (****+)
1 + tan x 1 + cot x

1 + sin θ 2
104. ≡ ( secθ + tan θ ) (****+)
1 − sin θ

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 Created by T. Madas

105. cot 2 x − tan 2 x ≡ 4 cot 2 xcosec2 x (****+)

 π  sin 2θ − 1
106. tan  θ −  ≡ (****+)
 4 cos 2θ

1 + cos θ 2
107. ≡ ( cosecθ + cot θ ) (****+)
1 − cos θ

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 Created by T. Madas

2sin x cos x − cos x

108. ≡ cot x (****+)
1 − sin x + sin 2 x − cos 2 x

 π
109. tan  θ +  ≡ sec 2θ + tan 2θ (****+)
 4

1
110. 2 cos 4 θ + sin 2 2θ − 1 ≡ cos 2θ (****+)
2

111. 1 + sin 2θ ≡ sin θ + cos θ (****+)

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 Created by T. Madas

1 
112. 8cos 4  θ  ≡ cos 2θ + 4cos θ + 3 (****+)
2 

tan A + tan B + tan C − tan A tan B tan C

113. tan ( A + B + C ) ≡ (****+)
1 − tan A tan B − tan B tan C − tan C tan A

2sec2 θ − cos 2θ − 1
114. ≡ tan θ (****+)
2 tan θ + sin 2θ

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 Created by T. Madas

3tan x − tan 3 x
115. tan 3x ≡ (****+)
1 − 3tan 2 x

2 − 2 cos x x
116. ≡ sec (*****)
sin x 2

117. sin 2 θ tan θ + cos 2 θ cot θ + 2sin θ cos θ ≡ tan θ + cot θ (*****)

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 Created by T. Madas

1
118. sin 4 θ + cos 4 θ ≡
2
(2 − sin 2 2θ ) (*****)

119. sin θ (1 + tan θ ) + cos θ (1 + cot θ ) ≡ sec θ + cosec θ (*****)

120. cos 6 x ≡ 32 cos6 x − 48cos 4 x + 18cos 2 x − 1 (*****)

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 Created by T. Madas

121. 32sin 2 x cos 4 x ≡ 2 + cos 2 x − 2cos 4 x − cos 6 x (*****)

1
122. sin 4 θ + cos 4 θ ≡ ( 3 + cos 4θ ) (*****)
4

cos 2 x
123. ≡ cos x − sin x (*****)
1 + sin 2 x

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 Created by T. Madas

sin 4θ − 8sin 3 θ cos θ

124. ≡ 4cos 3θ (*****)
sin θ

125. cos 2 x + sin 2 x ≡ 1 (*****)

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