MCQ Xi Vol - 1

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SETS
MCQ’s / 1 Marker / True or False
1. A set is a (a) 2n elements (b) n2 elements
(a) Collection of well defined object (c) nn elements (d) 2n elements
(b) Collection of numbers 9. If A is any set then which of the following isnot
(c) Well defined collection of object true ?
(d) None of these (a)   A (b) A  A
2. The set of rational numbers is usually denoted
(c) { }  A (d) A  2n
Y
by
(a) Q (b) R 10. (A  B)C 
T
(c) N (d) Z
3. What of the follwoing collections is not a set (a) AC  BC (b) AC  BC
I
(a) The collection of natural numbers between (c) AC  BC (d) none of these
d
2 and 20
n
11. (A  B)C 
N
(b) The collection of numbers which satisfy his
equation x2 – 5x + 6 = 0
o
I y
(a) AC  BC (b) AC  BC
e
(c) The collection of prime numbers between
1 and 100.
B
F
(c) AC  BC (d) none of these
(d) The collection of all beautiful women in
k
Jalandhar 12. If A and B are any two sets, then
n
hi
4. The set A ={x : x is a positive prime < 10} in the (A  B)  (A  B) is equal to
N
tabular form in (a) A – B (b) B – A
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(a) {1, 2, 3, 5, 7} (b) {1, 3, 5, 7, 0} (c) (A  B)  (B  A)
(c) {2, 3, 5, 7} (d) None of these
(d) none of these
5. Which of the following sets is empty ?
13. Which of the following statements is true ?
(a) Collection of even prime integers
(a) 0  { } (b) 0  { }
(b) Collection of whole numbers which aer not
natural numbers (c) 0  {0} (d) 0  {0}
(c) Collection of integers which are neither
14. Which of the following is not true ?
positive nor negative
(d) Collection of positive prime integers les than (a) 0  {0} (b) 0  {0}
2.
(c)   {0} (d) 0  {0}
6. Which of the following sets is an infinite set ?
15. Given the sets A = {1, 3, 5}, B = {2, 4, 6} and C
(a) Set of divisors of 24 = {0, 2, 4, 6, 8}. Which of the following may be
(b) Set of all real numbers hich lie between 1 considered as a universal set for all the three
and 2 sets A, B and C ?
(c) Set of all human beings living in India. (a) {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
(d) none of these (b) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
7. The set of all prime numbers is (c) 
(a) a finite set (b) a singleton set
(d) {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
(c) an infinite set (d) none of these
16. The set {x  R :1  x  2} can be written as
8. If a set A contains n distinct elements, then power
set of A contains (a) {1, 2) (b) (1, 2}
DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : SETS : INFINITY ... Think beyond...
SETS LEARN MATHEMATICS BY : DEEPIKA MA’AM – 14 –
(c) [1, 2] (d) (1, 2) (a) A = B (b) A  B

17. If A = {1, 2, {3, 4}, 5}, then (c) A  B  B (d) none of the above
(a) 3  A (b) 4  A 27. Two finite sets have m and n elements. The
number of subset of the first set is 56 more than
(c) {3, 4}  A {d) {3, 4}  A
that of the second. The values of m and n are
18. If A = {1, 2, {3, 4}, 5}, then which of the follow- respectively
ing statements is incorrect ? (a) 7, 6 (b) 5, 1
(a) {3, 4}  A (b) {{3, 4}}  A (c) 8, 7 (d) 6, 3
(c) {3, 4}  A (d) none of these 28. Let F1 be the set of all parallelogram, F2 the
Y
19. The set
set of all rectangles, F3 the set of all rhombi,
(A  B  C)  (A  B  C)  C
F4 the set of all squares and F5 the set of all
T
is equal to
I
trapezia in a plane, then F1 is equal to
(a) B  C (b) B  C
(a) F2  F3 (b) F3  F4
d
(c) A  C (d) A  C
n
N
20. The set (A  B)  (B  C) is equal to (c) F2  F5 (d) F2  F3  F4  F1
o
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(a) A  B  C (b) A  B 29. If set A and B are defined as

B e 
F
(c) A  C (d) A  B 1
A  (x, y) y  , 0  x  R 
k
21. If A and B are any two sets, then A  (A  B)  x 
n
hi
is equal to B = {(x, y) | y   x, x  R}, then
N
(a)  (b) B (a) A  B  A (b) A  B  B
T
I
(c) A (d) A  B
(c) A  B   (d) A  B  A
22. If X and Y are two sets then X  (X  Y) is 30. If A and B are two finite sets such that
(a) X (b) Y A  B  , then n(A  B) is equal to
(c) X  Y (d)  (a) n(A) + n(B) (b) n(A) n(B)
23. When A   , then number of elements in P(A) (c) n(A) + n(B) + n(A  B)
is (d) n(A) + n(B) – n(A  B)
(a) 1 (b) 2
31. If A and B are finite sets such that A  B, then
(c) 0 (d) none of these
24. Power set of the set A = {1, 2} is (a) n(A  B)  n(A)
(a) {, 1, 2, (1, 2)} (b) {, {1}, {2}, A} (b) n(A  B)  n(B)
(c) {, {1}, {2}, (1, 2)}
(c) n(A  B)  n(B)
(d) none of these
25. Which of the following is not equivalent to (d) none of these
A  B. 32. If A and B are two finite sets, then n(A) + n(B)
is equal to
(a) A  B   (b) A  B  A
(a) n(A  B)
(c) A  B  B (d) none of the above
(b) n(A  B)
n
26. If A = {8  7n  1| n  N} and
(c) n(A  B)  n(A  B)
B  {49n  49 | n  N} , then
(d) n(A  B)  n(A  B) 20}. Then n(S) + n(P) is

(a) 40 (b) 41
33. Suppose A1, A 2 ,.....A30 are thirty sets each
(c) 42 (d) 39
having 5 elementsand B1, B2 ,....Bn are n sets
30 n ANSWERS
each with 3 elements. If  Ai   B j  S and 1. (c)
i1 j1
By definition of a set, a set is a well defined
each element of S belongs to exactly 10 of Ai ’ss collection of objects.
2. (a)
and to exactly 9 of B j 's , then n is equal to
Y
Conventionally, set of
(a) 35 (b) 3 (i) Whole numbers is denoted by W,
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(c) 15 (d) 45 (ii) natural numbers is denoted by N
34. In a class of 60 students, 25 students play Cricket
I
(iii) integer is denoted by Z or I
and 20 studetns play Tennis and 10 students play
both the games. Then, the number of students (iv) rational numbers is denoted by Q
d
who play neither is (v) real numbers is denoted by R
n
N
(a) 0 (b) 25 3. (d)
o
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(c) 35 (d) 15 Collection of all beautiful women in Jalandhar is
e
not a set as it isnot awell defined collection. It is
35. In a town of 840 persons, 450 persons read
B
not possible to decide logically which woman is
F
Hindi, 300 red English and 200 read both. Then,
to be included in the collection and which isnot
k
the number os persons who read neither is
to be included.
n
(a) 290 (b) 210
hi
4. (c)
N
(c) 50 (d) 180
2, 3, 5 and 7 are the only positive primes less
T
I
36. A survey shows that 63% of the people watch a than 10.
news channel, whereas 76% watch another
5. (d)
channel. If x% of the people watch both the
channels, then Since the least positive prime is 2, there is no
positive prime less than 2.
(a) x = 35 (b) x = 63
6. (b)
(c) 39  x  63 (d) x = 39
Between any two real numbers there lie infi-
37. If A is a finite set containing n elements, then nitely many real numbers.
numberof proper subsets of A is
7. (c)
(a) 2 n n
(b) 2  1 Since there is no largest prime, the set of prime
numbers is an infinite set.
(c) 2n  2 (d) none of these
8. (d)
38. If A and B are any two sets, then A – B is equal
If O(A) = n, then O(P, A) = 2n.
to
9. (d)
(a) B – A (b) A  B
(c) A  (A  B) (d) A  B In general A  2A.

Remember that empty set is a subset of every
39. If A and B are any two sets, then A – B is equal
and also every set is a subset of itself.
to
10. (b)
(a) B – A (b) A  B
(c) A  B (d) A  B By Demogran’s law (A  B)C  A C  BC
40. Let S = {x | x is a positive multiple of 3 less than
100} and P = {x | x is a prime number less than
11. (a) = (B  C)  C
By Demorgan’s laws (A  B)C  A C  BC . = (B  C)  (C  C)
12. (c)
= (B  C)    B  C
(A  B)  (A  B) is equal to (A – B)  (B – 20. (b)
A) as A  B is union of three disjoint sets A –
B , A  B and B – A as is clear from the fol- (A  B)  (B  C)
lowing figure.
= (A  B)  (B  C) [using De Morgan’s law]
= A  {B  (B  C)}
Y
= A   B ( B  C  B,  B  (B  C)  B)
21. (c)
T
As A  A  B, therefore,
I
13. (c) A  (A  B)  A
d
0 {0} is a true statement. Note that ‘is a sub- 22. (d)
n
N
set of is a relation between two sets and 0 is not
o
a set so 0  {0} is not true. X  (X  Y)
I e y
14. (d) = X  (X  Y) [using De Morgan’s law]
B
F
See Ans. 13
= (X  X)  Y 
k
15. (d)
n
Only the set {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} given =   Y  
i
N
in option (d) contains all the elements which are 23. (a)
contained in A or Bor C.
T h
I
Power of set of A = is {}
16. (a)
24. (b)
Note that 1 is to be included and 2 is not to be
Power set of A = {X : X  A} ={, {1}, {2},
included.
{1, 2}} = {, {1}, {2}, A}
17. (d)
25. (d)
Note that 3 and 4 are not the elements of A.
Remember that the statement
Buit {3, 4} is an element of the set A.
(i) AB (ii) ABA
18. (c)
(iii) A  B  B and (iv) A – B =  are
Since 3 and 4 are not contained in A, therefore
{3, 4}  A. So the statement {3, 4}  A is not equivalent statements.
correct. Given anyone of these, other follow from it as is
19. (a) clear from the following diagram.
(A  B  C)  (A  B  C)  C
= (A  B  C)  (A  B  C)  C
= (A  B  C)  {A  (B  C)}]  C
[using De Morgan’s law]
26. (b)
= [{A  (B  C)}  {A  (B  C)}]  C
Here, the set
= [(A  A)  (B  C)]  C
B = {49 (n – 1) | n  N } = {0, 49, 98, 147, ...}
= [  (B  C)]  C = Set of all whole numbers which are multiples

of 49. Now 8n  7n  1 29. (c)
 1  
= (7  1) n  7n  1 Here A   x,  x  R, x  0 
 x  
= n C0  n C1 7  n C 2 7 2  n C3 73  ...  n C n 7 n
and B  {(x,  x) | x  R}
7n  1
1
= n C 2 7 2  n C3 7 3  ...  n Cn 7 n Since  x  for any x  R,
x
( n C0  1 and n C1  n) ( x 2  1 for any real x}
= 7 2 { n C 2  n C3 7  ...  n C n 7 n  2 }
Y
 1
therefore,  x,   (x,  x) for any real x.
= a multiple of 49  x
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 Every elemnet of set A is contained in B.  A and B have no element in common.
I
Hence, A  B. 30. (d)
Note : Students will be able to understand the Standard formula
d
above solution only after studying the chapter
31. (c)
n
N
on Binomial Theorem.
o
27. (d) When A  B, then A  B.
I e y
The nubmer of subsets of the first set is 2m and 32. (d)
B
that of the second is 2n. We are given ghat
F
 n(A  B)  n(A)  n(B)  n(A  B)
2m  2n  56 
n k n(A) + n(B) = n(A  B)  n(A  B)
hi
33. (d)
N
 2m  2n  56
If the set S contains k elemnts, then
T
I
 2n (2 m n  1)  8  7
O(A1 )  O(A 2 )  O(A 3 )  ...O(A 30 )  10k
 2n (2 m n  1)  23  7 ...(i)
and
By inspection, we expect that
m n O(B1 )  O(B2 )  O(B3 )  ...  O(Bn )  9k
2n  23 and 2  1  7  23  1
...(ii)
 n = 3 and m – n = 3
From (i), 30 × 5 = 10k  k = 15
 n = 3 and m = 3 + n = 3 + 3 = 6
and then from (ii), n × 3 = 9 × 15  n = 45
28. (d)
34. (c)
Sicne every rectangle is a parallelogram, there-
Let A be the set of those students play Cricket
fore, F2  F1. Similarly, F3  F1 ( Every
and B be the set of those who plat Tennis, then
sqyare is a parallelogram)
n(A) = 25, n(B) = 20 and n(A  B)  10
and F4  F1 ( Every rhombus is a parallelo-
gram)  n(A  B) = n(A) + n(B) – n(A  B)
Thus, F2  F1 , F3  F1 and F4  F1 = 25 + 20 – 10 = 35
 Required number = n{(A  B)}

 F2  F3  F4  F1
= 60 – n(A  B)
 (F2  F3  F4 )  F1  F1
= 60 – 25 = 35
35. (a)
Proceeds as in Q34
Required number =840 – {(450 + 300) – 200}

36. (c)
Let A be the set of those who watch News chan-
nel and b be the set of those who watch another
channel. If n is the total number of persons
(people) surveyed, then
63n 76n
O(A) = , O(B) = and
100 100
xn
O(A  B) =
Y
100
nx 63n
Since A  B  A, therefore 
T
100 100
I
 x  63 ...(1)
Also O(A  B)  O(A)  O(B)  O(A  B)
n d
N
 O(A  B)  O(A)  O(B)  O(A  B)
o
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nx 63n 76n 63n 76n
e
 100  100  100  O(A  B)  100  100  n
B
F
( O(A  B)  n,   O(A  B)   n)
 x  63  76  100
n k
i
N
 x  39
T h
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37. (b)
All subsets of a given set other than the set it-
self are proper subsets of A. Hence the num-
ber of proper subsets =O (P(A)) – 1 = 2n – 1.
38. (c)
Clearly, A  A  B  A  B
39. (d)
A – B ={x : x  A and x  B } ={x : x  A and
x  B}  A  B.
40. (b)
From 1 to 100, there are 33 multiples of 3 and
from 1 to 20, there are 8 prime numbers.
( 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 and 19 are the eight
prime numbers less than 20).

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RELATIONS & FUNCTIONS LEARN MATHEMATICS BY : DEEPIKA MA’AM – 35 –
RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

1. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {4, 5}, then (c) A × A (d) none of these
(a) (4, 1)  A × B (b) (2, 5)  A × B 10. If R is a relation on a set of A, then
(c) (1, 4)  B × A (d) none of these (a) R  A  A (b) R  A  B
2. If A and B are any two sets, then (c) R = A × B (d) none of these
(a) A × B = B × A (b) A  B  B  A 11. If R is a relation on a set A, then
(c) B  A  A  B (d) none of these (a) R  A  A (b) R  P(A)
Y
3. If A and B are finit sets then n(A × B) is equal to (c) R = A × A (d) none of these
(a) n(A) + n(B) (b) n(B) or n(A) 12. Let A = {1, 2, 3}, then domain of the relation R
T
(c) n(A) × n(B) (d) none of these = {(1, 1), (2, 3), (2, 1)} defined on A is
I
4. If A, B, C are any three sets, tehn A  (B  C) (a) {1, 3} (b) {1, 2}
is equal to (c) {1, 2, 3} (d) none of these
d
13. Let A = {1, 2, 3}, then range of the relation R =
n
N
(a) (A  B)  (A  C)
o
{(1, 1), (2, 3), (2, 1) defined on A is
I y
(b) (A  B)  (A  C) (a) {1, 3} (b) {1, 2}
(c) (A × B) – (A × C) (c) {1, 2, 3}
B e (d) none of these
F
(d) none of these 14. Let A = {a, b, c} and B ={1, 2} and R = {(a, 1),
5. If A, B, C are any three sets, then A  (B  C)
n k
(a, 2), (b, 1)} be a relation from A to B, then R is
equal to
i
is equal to
N h
(a) {(1, a), (2, a), (1, b)}
(a) (A × B)  (A × C)
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(b) {(a, 1), (1, a), (a, 2), (2, a), (b, 1), (1, b)}
(b) (A  B)  (A  C)
(c) R × R
(c) (A  B)  (A  C) (d) does not exist
(d) none of these 15. Number of relations that can be defined on the
6. If A, B, C are any three sets, then A × (B – C) is set A = {1, 2, 3} is
equal to (a) 23 (b) 6
(a) (A × B)  (A × C) (c) 2 9
(d) none of these
(b) (A  B)  (A  C) 16. Let A ={a, b} and B ={c, d)] then number rela-
tions that can be defined from A to B is
(c) (A  B)  (A  C)
(a) 4 (b) 24
(d) none of these
7. If A and B are disjoint sets, then
17. The diagram given below shows that
(a) A  B  B  A (b) B  A  A  B
(c) A × B = B × A
(d) A × B and B × A are disjoint
8. If A and B are two sets then A × B =B × A iff
(a) A  B (b) B  A
(c) A = B (d) none of these
9. If A = {0, 1} and B = {1, 0} then A × B is equal
to
(a) {(0, 1), (1, 0)} (b) {(0, 0), (1,1)} (a) f is a function from A to B
DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : RELATIONS & FUNCTIONS : INFINITY ... Think beyond...
(b) f is one-one function from A to B 1

(c) f is onto function from A to B 23. If f (x)  , then Df is equal to
x
(d) f is not a function
(a) (0, ) (b) (, 0)
18. The diagram given below shows that
(c) R – {0} (d) none of these
24. If f(x) = | x |, then R f is equal to
(a) R (b) (, 0]
(c) [0, ) (d) none of these
Y
1
25. Range of the function f (x)  is equal
1  2cos x
T
to
(a) f is a function from A to B
I
1 
(b) f is one-one function from A to B (a) (,  1]   ,  
3 
d
(c) f is a bijection from A to B
n
N
(d) f is not a function  1
(b)  1, 
 3
o
I y
1 1
19. If f (x)  x 3  , then f (x)  f   is equal
e
3
x x  1  1 
B
(c)   , 1 (d)  , 1
F
to  3  3 
(a) 2x 3
2
n k
26. The domain and range of real function f defined
i
(b) 3
N
x by f (x)  x  1 are given by
(c) 0 (d) 1
T h
I
(a) Df  (1,  ), R f  (0,  )
20. The domain and range of the real function f de-
(b) Df  [1,  ), R f  (0,  )
4x
fined by f (x)  are given by
x4 (c) Df  [1,  ), R f  [0,  )
(a) Df  R, R f  [1, 1] (d) Df  (1,  ), R f  [0,  )
(b) Df  R  {4}, R f  {1} 27. The domain of the function f given by
(c) Df  R  {1}, R f  R x 2  2x  1
f (x)  is
x2  x  6
(d) Df  R  {4}, R f  {1, 1}
(a) R – [3, –2] (b) R – {–3, 2}
21. If A and B are two finite sets containing respec-
(c) R – [–2, 3] (d) R – (–2, 3)
tively m and n elements, then the number of non-
empty relations that can be defined from A to B 28. Domain of the function
is
1
n m f(x) = is
(a) m (b) n  1 2x  3
(c) mn – 1 (d) 2mn  1 3 3 

(a) R    (b)  ,  
22. If f (x)  x , then Df is equal to 2 2 
(a) R (b) [0, ) 3

(c)  , ) (d) none of these
(c) (,0] (d) none of these 2
1 (a) 4(2 – a) (b) 2(4 – a)

29. Domain of the funtion is (c) 4(2 + a) (d) 2(4 + a)
3x  2
37. If [x] denotes the integral part of x, then the
 2   2 solution set of the equation [x]2 – 5[x] + 6 =0 is
(a)   ,   (b)   , )
 3   3 (a) [3, 4] (b) (2, 3]
 2 (c) [2, 3] (d) [2, 4]
(c) R    (d) none of these 38. The domain of the function f defined by
 3
30. If f(x) = x2 – 3x + 1 and f(2) =2f() then is 1
f (x)  4  x  is equal to
equal to x2 1
Y
1 1 (a) (,  1)  (1, 4]
(a) (b) 
T
2 2
(b) (,  1]  (1, 4]
I
 2 (c) (,  1)  [1, 4]
(c) R    (d) none of these
 3
d
(d) (,  1)  [1, 4)
n
N
31. Domain of the function f (x)  a 2  x 2 , a  0 39. The domain and range of the function f is given
by f(x) = 2 – | x – 5 | is
o
I
is
(a) (–a, a) (b) [–a, a]
e y
(a) D f  R  , R f  (, 1]
B
F
(c) [0, a] (d) (–a, 0]
(b) Df  R, R f  (, 2]
32. If f (x)  1  x 2 , then
n k
(c) Df  R, R f  (, 2)
hi
N
(a) f(xy) = f(x) f(y)
(d) D f  R  , R f  (  , 2]
T
I
(b) f(x +y) = f(x) + f(y)
40. A vertical line can meet the graph of a function
(c) f (xy)  f (x)f (y)
in :
(d) f (xy)  f (x)f (y) (a) more than one point
33. If f(x) = ax + b, where a and b are integers, (b) not more than one point
f(–1) = – 5 and (3) = 3, then the values of a and (c) infinitely many points
b are respectively
(d) none of these
(a) –3 and – 1 (b) 2 and – 3
(c) 0 and 2 (d) 2 and 3
ANSWERS
ax  b 1. (b)
34. If f(x) =  y, then f(y) is equal to
bx  a Note that A × B = {(1, 4), (1, 5), (2, 4), (2, 5), (3,
(a) x (b) y 4, (3, 5)}  (2,5)  A  B
(c) 2y (d) none of these 2. (d)
1 In general A × B and B × A are not comparable
35. If f (x)  , f(f(x)) is equal to i.e., none of the following three results hold in
1 x
general
x 1 (i) A× B = B ×A
(a) (b) f(x)
x (ii) A × B  B × A
(c) x (d) none of these (iii) B × A  A × B
2
36. If f(x) = 4x – x , then f(a + 1) – f(a – 1) is equal 3. (c)
to
When A and B are finite sets then
n(A × B) = n(A) × n(B) is equal to the number of subsetsl of A × A

4. (a)
= a(2 AA )  2 n(AA)  29
A  (B  C)  (A  B)  (A  C)
16. (b)
(Distributive Law) Number of relations from A to B = Number of
5. (b) subsets of A × B = (2A × B)
A  (B  C)  (A  B)  (A  C) = 2n(AB)  2n(A)n(B)  222  24
(Distributive Law) 17. (d)
6. (c) f is nto a function as oth (a, 1) and (a, 4)  f i.e.,
Y
A × (B – C) = A × B – A × C f (a) is not uniquely defined.
7. (d) 18. (d)
T
If (x, y)  A × B, then x  A nd y  B f is not a function as f(b) is not defined.
19. (c)
I
 x  B and y  A ( A and B are disjoint)
3 3
 (x, y)  B × A 1  1  1  1 
f (x)  f     x 3  3      
d
 0
x
   x   x   1/ x 
n
 A × B and B × A are disjoint.
N o
8. (c) 20. (b)
I e y
If x  A, y  B then (x, y)  A × B For Df , x  4  0  Df  R  {4} and x  4,
B
F
 (x, y)  B × A ( A × B = B × A) (x  4)
f (x)   1
k
 x  B, y  A x 4
i n
Hence, R f  {1}.
N
Thus, x  A, y  B  x  B, y  A
T h 21. (d)
I
 A  B and B  A  A = B
Since O(A) = m and O(B) = n, therefore, O(A
9. (c)
× B) = mn. Hence, the total number of subsets
Here, B = A, therefore, A × B =A × A of A × B is 2mn.
10. (b) The required number of non-empty rela-

By definition of a relation from A to B,
tions = O(2 AB )  1  2 mn  1.
R  A B
11. (a) 22. (b)
By definition of a relation from A to A,
R  AA Df  {x  R : x  R}  {x  R : x  0}  [0, )
12. (b) 23. (c)
Domain of R = set of first components of ele-
ments of R = {1, 3}.  1 
Df  x  R :  R   {x  R : x  0} =R–{0}
13. (a)  2 
Range of R =Set of second components of ele- 24. (c)
ments of R = {1, 2}. Since | x |  0 for all x  R, therefor,,
14. (a)
R f  [0,  )
R–1 = {(y, x) : (x, y)  R} = {(1, a), (2, a), (1, b)}.
25. (a)
15. (c)
Note that Df  R  {x  R :1  2cos x  0}
Here n(A)= 3
 n(A × A) = n(A) × n(A) = 3 × 3 = 9  1
= R   x  R : cos x  
Number of relationship on A (i.e., from A to A)  2
Given f (x)  x 2  3x  1 . Now f (2)  2f ( )

1
Also, for all x  D f ,  1  cos x  1, cos x 
2  (2 )2  3(2 )  1  2( 2  3  1)
 (1)  ( 2)  (2)cos x  1  ( 2)
 4 2  6  1  2 2  6  2
1
 2  2cos  2, cos   2 2  1
2
1 2 1 1
 1  2  1  2cos x  1  2, cos x     2  
2 2
31. (b)
Y
 3  1  2 cos x  0 or 0  2 cos x  1
For Df , we must have a 2  x 2  0
1 1
   or 0  1  2cos x  0
T

3 1  2cos x  x2  a2  | x |  a
I
1 1 1 32. (d)
    or  1   
3 1  2cos x 1  2 cos x
d
f(xy) = 2 2 2
1  (xy)  1  x y
n
N
 1 
o
 Note that when a  0, then a  0  a   
 1  x 2  y2  x 2 y 2
I y
 
 and when a  0, then a  0  1  
e

 
 a  = (1  x 2 )(1  y 2 )
B
F k
26. (c)  f (xy)  f (x)f (y)
n
hi
For : Df : x  1  0  x  1 33. (b)
N
f(–1) = – 5  – a + b = – 5 ...(1)
 x  y2  1  0
T
I
and f(3) = 3  3a + b = ...(2)
This means that x  R, whatever y  0 may
Find a and b from (1) and (2)
be. Hence R f  [0,  ) 34. (a)
27. (a)
 ax  b 
For Df , we must have x2 – x – 6  0 a b
ay  b  bx  a 
f(y) = 
28. (b) by  a  ax  b 
b a
 bx  a 
 1 
Df  {x  R : f (x)  R}   x  R : R
 2x  3  a(ax  b)  b(bx  a)
= b(ax  b)  a(bx  a)
 3  3 
= {x  R : 2x  3  0}  x  R : x     ,  
 2  2 
a 2 x  b2 x
29. (c) = x
a 2  b2
 1 
Df  {x  R : f (x)  R}  x  R :  R 35. (a)
 3x  2 
1
 2 Given f(x) = ...(1)
= {x  R : 3x  2  0}  x  R : x    1 x
 3
1
 2  f{f(x)} = 1  f (x)
= R   
 3
[Replacing x with f(x) in (1)]
30. (c)
1 1 x 1  x x 1
=   
1 1  x  1 x x
1
1 x
36. (a)
Given f(x) = 4x – x2
 f(a + 1) – f(a – 1) = {4(a + 1) – (a + 1)2}
– {4(a – 1) – (a – 1)2}
= 4a  4  a 2  2a  1  4a  4  a 2  2a  1
= 8 – 4a = 4(2 – a)
Y
37. (d)
T
5  25  24
[x]2  5[x]  6  0  [x]   3, 2
I
2
Now [x] = 3
 3  x  4 and [x]  2  2  x  3
n d
N o
Hence, the solution set of the given equation is
I y
[2, 3]  [3, 4] =[2, 4).
38. (a)
B e
F
Here f(x) = g(x) + h(x), where g   x and
1
n k
i
h(x) 
N h
x2 1
T
I
Hence Df  Dg  h  Dg  Dh
= {x  R : 4  x  0}  {x  R : x 2  1  0}
= (,4)  (( ,  1)  (1  ))
= (,  1)  (1, 4]
39. (b)
Obviously, Df  R as both | x | and x – 5 are
defined for all real x.
For R f , we observe that | x  5 |  0  x  R
 | x 5|  0  xR
 2 | x  5 |  2  x  R
40. (b)
A vertical line can meet the graph of a function
in atmost one point.
— Notes —
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I e y
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B
F
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n k
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
i
N h
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T
I
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TRIGONOMETRY LEARN MATHEMATICS BY : DEEPIKA MA’AM – 58 –
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
1. 25° when measured in radians is (a) 21cm (b) 35cm
c c (c) 42cm (d) 14cm
 5   5 
(a)   (b)   9. In a circle of radius 14cm an arc subtends an
 18   24  angle of 36° at the centre. The length of the arc
is
c
 5  (a) 6.6 cm (b) 7.7 cm
(c)   (d) none of these
 36  (c) 8.8 cm (d) 9.1 cm
Y
2. 162° when measured in radians is 10. The minute hand of a watch is 1.4cm long. How
far does its tip move in 45 minutes S?
T
c c
 7   9  (a) 6 cm (b) 6.3 cm
(a)   (b)  
I
 10   10 
(c) 6.6 cm (d) 7 cm
c c 11. A wire of length 121 cm is bent to form an aric
d
 4   5 
(c)   (d)   of a circle of radius 180 cm. The angle sub-
n
N
 3   4  tended at the centre by the arc is
o
I
3. 3°45' expressed in radians is
y
(a) 36° 20' (b) 34° 40'
 
c
 
c (c) 38° 30'
B e (d) 39° 10'
F
(a)   (b)   12. A horse is tied to post by a rope. If the horse
 36   54 
k
moves along a circular path, always keeping the
n
rope tight and described 88 m when it traces
hi
c c
   5  72° at the centre, then the length of the rope is
N
(c)   (d)  
 48   96  (a) 35 m (b) 70 m
T
I
4. 50°37'30'' = ? (c) 17.5 m (d) 22 m
c c 13. A wheel makes 180 revolutions in 1 minute.
 5   7  How many radians does it turn in 1 second ?
(a)   (b)  
 16   18 
(a) (3)c (b) (4 )c
c c
 9   11 
(c)   (d)   (c) (6)c (d) (12)c
 32   36 
14. When a clock shows the time 7 : 20, what is the
c angle between its minute hand and the hour
 8 
5.   ? hand?
 5 
(a) 60° (b) 80°
(a) 272° (b) 302°
(c) 100° (d) 120°
(c) 288° (d) 316°
25
15. sin ?
6. 11c  ? 3
(a) 315° (b) 372°
1 1
(c) 418° (d) 630° (a) (b)
2 2
7. 1c  ?
3  3
(a) 56°27'22'' (b) 57°16'22'' (c) (d)
2 2
(c) 55°18'32'' (d) 57°26'32''
8. In a circle, the central angle of 45° interceptsan 16. cos 41  ?
arc of length 33 cm. The radius of the circle is 4
DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : TRIGONOMETRY : INFINITY ... Think beyond...
1 1 3
(a) (b) 23. If secx = – 2 and   x  , then sin x = ?
2 2 2
3  3 3  3
(c) (d) (a) (b)
2 2 2 2
 16  1 1
17. tan  ? (c) (d)
 3  2 2
(a) (b)  3 2
3 24. If cosecx  and x lies in quadrant IV, then
Y
3
1 1 tanx = ?
(c) (d)
3 3
T
1 1
(a) (b)
3 3
I
 33 
18. cos ec   ?
 4  (c) (d)  3
3
(a)  2 (b) 2
n d
N
1
o
25. If cos   and  lies in quadrant II, then
2
I
1 1
(c)
2
(d)
2
e
(2sin   tan )  ?
y
B
F
5  3
k
19. tan ? (a) 0 (b)
4 2
n
hi
N
1 3 3
(a) 3 (b) (c) (d) none of these
3
T
I
2
(c) 1 (d) –1
3
20. sin(765°) = ? 26. If sec   2 and  0  2, then
2
3  3 (1  tan   cos ec)
(a) (b) ?
2 2 (1  cot   cos ec)
1 1 3
(c) (d) (a) (b) –1
2 2 2
21. cot(– 600°) = ?
3 3
(a) –1 (b) – (c) (d)
3 8 4
1 12 3
(c) (d) none of these 27. If cos   and     , then
3 13 2
(cot   cos ec)  ?
2 6
22. If sin x  and x lies in quadrant III, then
5 1 1
(a) (b)
cot x = ? 5 5
1 1 3 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 6 2 6 5 5
3 3 13
(c) (d) 28. If sec   and  is acute, then
2 6 2 6 5
(4  3cot ) ( 3  1) ( 3  1)
? (c) (d)
(3  4 tan ) 2 2 2
55 44 36. cos 15° = ?

(a) (b)
252 305 ( 3  1) ( 3  1)
(a) (b)
54 33 2 2 2 2
(c) (d)
255 215
( 3  1) ( 3  1)
29. sec 120° = ? (c) (d)
2 2
(a) 2 (b)  2
Y
37. tan 15° = ?
(c) 2 (d) –2
3 1 3 1
30. sin 315° = ?
T
(a) (b)
3 1 3 1
I
1 1
(a) (b) 2 1 2 1
2 2
(c) (d)
d
2 1 2 1
(c) 2 (d)  2
n
N
38. sin 75° = ?
11
o
I y
31. tan ? ( 3  1) ( 3  1)
e
6 (a) (b)
2 2 2 2
B
F
1 1
(a) (b)
k
3 3 ( 2  1) ( 2  1)
n
(c) (d)
hi
2 2 2 2
N
(c) 3 (d)  3
13
T
I
32. cot 675° = ? 39. tan ?
(a) –1 (b) 1 12
(c)  3 (d) 3 (a) (2  3) (b) (1  2)
(c) (2  3) (d) ( 2  1)
 33 
33. sec  ?
 4  40. (sin 70° cos 10° – cos 70° sin 10°) = ?
(a)  2 (b) 2 1 1
(a) (b)
2 2
 3 3
(c) (d)
2 2 3  3
(c) (d)
34. (sin105° + cos105°) = ? 2 2
41. cos 80° cos 20° + sin 80° sin 20° = ?
1
(a) 2 (b)
2 1 3
(a) (b)
2 2
1 2
(c) (d) 1
3 3
(c) (d) 1
35. sin 15° = ? 2
42. sin(40  )cos(10  )  cos(40  )
3 ( 3  1)
(a) (b) sin(10  )  ?
2 2 2 2

3 1 1 1
(a) (b) (a) (b)
2 2 2 2
(c) 2 (d) none of these 3

(c) (d) 2
2
7  7 
43. sin cos  cos sin  ? 49. sin(40° + ) cos(10° +) – cos(40° + )
12 4 12 4
sin(10° + ) = ?
1
(a) 2 (b) 1
2 (a) 2 (b)
2
Y
3
(c) (d) none of these 3
2 (c) (d) none of these
2
T
   
44. sin cos  cos sin  ? cos(90  )sec(270  )sin(180  )
I
4 12 4 12 50. ?
cos ec( )cos(270  ) tan(180  )
d
3 (a) cos (b) sec
(a) (b) 2
n
N
2
(c) cot (d) none of these
o
I y
1
(c) (d) none of these cos(  ) cos()
e
2 ?
51. cos(   ) cos     
B
F
15 12 2 
k
45. If sin   and cos   , where  and 
17 13
n
(a) – cot  (b) cot 
i
both lie in quadrant II, then sin(  )  ?
N
(c) – tan  (d) tan 
T h
I
171 180 sin 3x  sin x
(a) (b) 52. ?
221 221 cos x  cos 3x
220 181 (a) tan 2x (b) cot 2x
(c) (d)
221 221 (c) – tan 2x (d) – cot 2x
4 12 sin 7x  sin 5x
46. If cos   and cos   , where  and  53. ?
5 13 cos7x  cos5x
both lie in quadrant IV, then cos( + ) = ? (a) tan x (b) cot x
33 33 (c) tan 2x (d) cot 2x
(a) (b)
65 65 3 3
54. If tan x  and  x  2, then 3x = ?
16 16 4 2
(c) (d)
65 65 24 7
(a) (b)
47. cot 105° – tan 105° = ? 25 25
(a) 3 (b) 2 3 24 24
(c) (d)
7 7
3 ( 3  1)
(c) (d) 1  cos x
2 ( 3  1) ?
55.
1  cos x
5 
48. 2cos cos  ? x x
12 12 2 2
(a) tan (b) cot
2 2

2 x 2 x (1  tan15)
(c) sec
2
(d) cosec
2 63. (1  tan15)  ?
sin x
56. ? 3
1  cot x (a) (b) 3
2
x x 2
(a) tan (b) cot 1
2 2 (c) (d)
3 2
 x
(c) tan    (d) none of these 64. 2  2  2cos 4  ?
Y
4 2
(a) 2sin  (b) 2 cos 
T
(c) sin 2 (d) cos 2
57. (2 cos215° – 1) = ?
I
65. (cos 1° cos 2° cos 3° ... cos178° cos 179°) = ?
3 3
(a) (b) (a) –1 (b) 1
2 2
(c) 0 (d) 2
n d
N
3
o
(c) 2 3 (d) 66. (tan 1° tan 2° tan 3° .... tan 89°) = ?
I y
2 (a) 0 (b) 1
58. (3sin 40  4sin 3 40)  ? (c) 1/2
B e (d) none of these
F
67. The general solution of the equation sin = 0 is
(a)
3
(b)
3
n k
(a)   2n, n  I (b)   n, n  I
hi
2 2
N

(c) 3 3 (d) none of these (c)   (2n  1) , n  I
T
I
2
59. (8cos3 20  6cos 20)  ?
n
(d)   , nI
5 5 2
(a) (b) 68. The general solution of the equation cos = 0 is
2 3
(a)   2n, n  I (b)   n, n  I
3
(c) 1 (d)
2 
(c)   (2n  1) , n  I
2
a
60. If tan   , then a sin 2  b cos 2  ? (d) none of these
b
(a) a (b) b 69. The general solution of the equation tan = 0 is
(c) a + b (d) a – b (a)   2n, n  I (b)   n, n  I
sin 2x 
61. ? (c)   (2n  1) , n  I
1  cos 2x 2
(a) tan x (b) cot x (d) none of these
(c) sec x (d) cosec x 70. The general solution of the equation sin 3x = 0 is
62. If x  r cos  cos , y  r cos  sin  and n
(a) x  3n, n  I (b) x  ,nI
z  r sin , then x 2  y 2  z 2  ? 3
(a) 1 (b) r2 
(c) x  (2n  1) , n  I
(c) r4 (d) none ofthese 6
(d) none of these

 3
71. The general solution of the equation cos2x = 0 77. The general soltuon of the equation sin  
2
is
is
n
(a) x  , nI 4
2 (a)   n  , nI
3

(b) x  (2n  1) , n  I 4
4 (b)   2n  , n I
3
(c) x  n, n  I
Y
n 4
(d) none of these (c)   n  (1) , n I
3
72. The general solution of the equation
T
(d) none of these
sin   sin  is
78. The general solution of the equation
I
(a)    (b)   n  , n  I
cos ec  2  0 is
d
(c)   n  ( 1) n , n  I 5
n
(a)   n  , nI
N
4
o
(d) none of these
I y
73. The general solution of the equation 5
(b)   n 
e
cos   cos  is , n I
4
B
F
(a)    (b)   n  , n  I
k
n 5
(c)   n  ( 1) , n I
n
(c)   2n  , n  I 4
i
N h
(d) none of these (d) none of these
T
I
74. The general solution of the equation   tan 
1
is 79. The general solution of the equation sin 2 
2
(a)   n  , n  I (b)   2n  , n  I is
(c)   n  , n  I (d)   2n  , n  I n 
(a)    , nI
4 24
1
75. The general solution of the equation cos  
2 n 7
(b)    (1) n , nN
is 2 12
  n 
(a)   n  , n  I (b)   2n  , n  I (c)    , n I
3 3 2 12
 (d) none of these
(b)   2n  , n  I (d) none of these
3 80. The general solution of the equation 4sin 2   1
1 is
76. The general solution of the equation tan  
3 
is (a)   n  , n  I
6
  
(a)   n  , n  I (b)   2n  , n  I (b)   2n  , n  I
6 6 6
 n 
(c)   2n  , n  I (d) none of these (c)    , nI
6 4 24
(d) none :of
DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : TRIGONOMETRY these ... Think beyond...
INFINITY
81. The general solution of the equation cot 2   3 4. (c)

is
 30   75 
50o3730  50   37   50   
  60   2 
(a)   n  , n  I
6
o o o
o  75   5   405 
 = 50      50    
(b)   n  , n  I  2  60   8   8 
6
c
 o   
c o
(c)   2n  , n  I 180    1   
6  180 
Y
(d) none of these
o c c
82. In a ABC, if a = 2, b = 3, c = 4, then cosA = ?  405    405   9 
       
T
 8   180 8   32 
2 5
I
(a) (b) 5. (c)
9 7
o
d
6 7 c  180  c
(c) (d)
  180  1   
n
N
7 8   
o
I y
83. In ABC, if a = 2,b= 6 and c  8 then c o
 8   180 8 
   
e
A = ?
   288
 5    5 
B
F
(a) 60° (b) 45°
6. (d)
(c) 30° (d) 90°
n k
i
o
 180 
N
c  180  1c  
h

ANSWERS   
T
I
1. (c) o o
 180
c   7 
180  c  11    11  180   11
    22 
= 630°
c c c
       5  7. (b)
 1     25    25    
 180   180   36  o
 180 
2. (b) c  180  1c   
  
180  c
o o
 7   630 
c c c = 180      = 57°16'22'' (app)
       9   22   11 
 1     162    162    
 180   180   10  8. (c)
3. (c) Let C = 90°.Then,A + B = 90°
o o o o
o  45   3   15    180  o o
3 45   3    3     A–B=     12  A  B  12
 60   4   4   15  
c On solving A + B = 90 and A – B = 12, we get A
  
180  c  1    = 51° and B = 39°.
 180 
 the meassure of the smallest angle is 39°.
o c c
 15    15    
       
 4   180 4   48 
9. (c) c c
    
c c    AOB  60   60   = 
     180  3
   36      and r = 14cm
 180   5  and r = 30 cm
   22 1   
 I  r  14   cm  14    cm  l = r =  30   cm = (10) cm
 5  7 5  3
44 13. (c)
= cm =8.8 cm
5 180
Number of revolution made ni 1 second =
10. (c) 60
Y
Angle traced by the minute hand in 60 min = = 3.
(2 )c . Angle turned ni 1 revolution = (2)c

Angle traced by the minute hand in 45 min.
 2
c
  3 
=   45    
 60   2 
c
I
14. (c)
c
T
Angle turned in 3 revolutions
c
= (3  2 ) = (6) .
n d
N o
Angle traced by the hour hand in 12 hour = 360°
I ey
c
 3 
 r = 1.4 cm and     22
 2  Angle traced by the our hand in hours
B
F
3
k
 3 
 l = r = 1.4   cm  360 22 
c
n
 2     220
i
=
N
 12 3 
Th
 3 22 
I
= 1.2    cm = 6.6 cm Angle traced by the minute hand in 60 min.
 2 7 
= 360°.
11. (c) Angle traced by the minute hand in 30 min.
l = 121cm and r = 180 cm
o
 360 
c o =  20   120
l  121   121 180   60 
      
r  180   180  
Angle between the two hands = (220° – 120°)
o o = 100°
 7   77  o
= 121      38 30 15. (c)
 22   2 
12. (b) 25    3
sin  sin  8    sin 
Let O be the centre of the circle AB the chord. 3  3 3 2
[ sin(2n  )  sin ]
16. (a)
41    1
cos  cos 10    cos 
3  4 4 2
Then, OA = OB = AB = 30cm [ cos(2n  )  cos ]

 OOA is an equilateral triangle and there- 17. (b)
fore each of its angle is 60°
 16  16
tan     tan [ tan()   tan ]
 3  3
24. (d)
  
= tan  5     tan   3 In quadrant IV, cosx > 0
 3 3
2  3
[ tan(n  )  tan ] Now, cosecx =  sinx =
3 2
18. (a)
 3 1
 33  33 cos2x = (1  sin 2 x) = 1   
cos ec     cosec  4 4
 4  4
1 1
    cosx =  
=  cosec  8   =  cos ec   2 4 2
Y
 4 4
[ cosec(2n  )  cosec] sin x   3 2 

tanx = cos x   2  1    3
T

19. (c)  
I
5     1 3
tan  tan      tan  1 sin2x = (1 – cos2x) = 1   
 4 4
d
4  4 4
n
N
[ tan(   )  tan ]
o
3  3
 sin x =  
I y
20. (c) 4 2
sin (765°) = sin (360° × 2 + 45°) = sin 45° 25. (a)
B e
F
1 In quadrant II, sin > 0 and tan < 0
=
2
n k  1 3
sin 2   (1  cos 2   1   
i
N
21. (c)  4 4
T h
I
cot (– 600°) = – cot 600° = – cot (360 + 240)°
3 3
= – cot 240° = –cot(180° + 60°)  sin   
4 2
1
= – cot 60° = sin  3
3  tan     ( 2)   3
cos  2
22. (a)
In quadrant III, we know thate cos x is negative  3 
 (2sin   tan )   2   3 
 2 
 24  1
cos 2 x  (1  sin 2 x)  1   
 25  25
= ( 3  3)  0
1 26. (b)
 cos x 
5 In quadrant IV, sin   0
cos x 1 5 1 sin   0
 cot x =   
sin x 5 2 6 2 6
1
23. (b) sec   2  cos  
2
3
<x<  x lies in quadrant III and sin x <  1 1
2  sin 2   (1  cos 2 )  1   
0 in quadrant III.  2 2
1 1
sec x = – 2  cosx =  sin  
2 2

29. (d)
sin  sec 120° = sec (180° – 60°) = – sec 60° = – 2
 tan    1, cos   1,
cos 
30. (b)
cos ec   2
1
sin 315° = sin (360° – 45°) = – sni 45° =
(1  tan   cosec) (1  1  2) 2
 
(1  cot   cosec) (1  1  2) 31. (a)
 2 11    1
tan  tan  2    tan 
= = –1 6  6 6 3
2
Y
27. (b) 32. (a)
In quadrant III, sin  < 0 cot 675° = cot (720° – 45°)
T
= cot (2 × 360° – 45°)
 144  25
I
2 2
sin   (1  cos   1   = cot (–45°) = – cot 45° = –1
 169  169
33. (b)
25 5
n d
N
 sin      33  33  
sec    sec  sec  8  
o
169 13  4  4  4
I e y
cos  12 13 12 
 cot     
B
= sec  2 [ sec(2n  )  sec ]
F
sin  13 5 5 4
 144  169
cos ec2   (1  cot 2 )  1  
34. (b)
n k
hi
 25  25 sin 105° + cos 105°
N
= sin (60° + 45°) + cos(60° + 45°)
T
I
169 13
 cos ec    = (sin60° cos45° + cos60° sin45°) +
25 5
(cos60° cos45° – sin60° sin 45°)
 12 13  1  3
 (cot   cosec)      1  1 1  1 1   3 1 
5 5 5 =  2     2      
 2  2 2 2   2 2 
28. (a)
3 1 1 3 2 1
tan 2   (sec 2   1) =     
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 13 2   169  144 35. (c)
=  5   1   25  1  25 sin 15° = sni(45° – 30°)
    
= (sin 45° cos 30° – cos45° sin30°)
144 12 5
 tan    and cot    1 3  1 1  3 1 
25 5 12 =        =   
 2 2   2 2 2 2 2 2 
 5  33 
 4  3    ( 3  1)
(4  3cot )  12   12  =
 3 2
 (3  4 tan )  12  =  63 
3 4   
 5   5  36. (a)
cos15° = cos(45° – cos30°)
 33 5  55 = cos45° cos30° + sin45° sin30°
=   
 12 13  252

[ sinA cosB – cosA sinB = sin(A – B)]

 1 3   1 1  ( 3  1)
=       
 2 2   2 2 2 2 1
= sin 30° =
2
37. (b)
43. (c)
tan15° = tan (45° – 30°)
7  7   7  
sin cos  cos sin  sin   
 1  12 4 12 4  12 4 
1   ( 3  1)
tan 45  tan 30  3
= = = [ sinA cosB – cosA sinB = sin(A – B)]
1  tan 45 tan 30  1  ( 3  1)
1  
 3 4  3
Y
= sin  sin 
12 3 2
38. (a)
44. (a)
T
( 3  1)
sin 75° = sin(90° – 15°) = cos 15° =       
I
2 2 sin cos  cos sin  sin   
4 12 4 12  4 12 
39. (c)
4  3
n d
N
13    = sin  sin 
tan  tan      tan
o
12 3 2
12  12  12
I y
45. (c)
[ tan(   )  tan ]
B e
F
15
sin    cos 2   (1  sin 2 
( 3  1) 17
= tan 15° =
( 3  1)
n k
i
 225  64
N
= 1  
( 3  1) ( 3  1) ( 3  1) 2
T h  289  289
I
=  
( 3  1) ( 3  1) (3  1)
64 8
 cos   
289 17
(3  1  2 3) (4  2 3)
=   (2  3)
2 2 12
cos    sin 2   (1  cos 2 )
40. (c) 13
(sin70° cos10° – cos70° sin10°) = sin(70° – 10°)
 144  25
[ sinA cosB – cosA sinB = sin(A – B)] = 1  
 169  169
3
= sin 60° = 25 5
2  sin   
169 13
41. (a)
cos80° cos20° + sin80° sin 20° = cos(80° – 20°)  sin(  )  sin  cos   cos  sin 
[ cosA cosB +sinA sinB = cos(A + B)]
 15 12   8 5   180 40 
=      =   
1  12 13   17 13   221 221 
= cos 60° =
2
(180  40) 220
42. (b) = 
221 221
sin(40  )cos(10  )  cos(40  ) 46. (a)
sin(10  ) In quadrant IV, cos > 0, sin< 0, cos > 0 and
sin < 0,
= sin{(40  )  (10  )}

4  16   5    5  
Now, cos    sin 2 (1  cos 2 )  1   = cos     cos   
5  25   12 12   12 12 
9     1 1
=
25 =  cos  cos    0   
 2 3  2 2
9 3 49. (b)
 sin    
25 5 5 
2sin cos = sin (A +B) +sin (A – B)
12 12
12
cos    sin 2   (1  cos2 )
13  5    5  
Y
= sin     sin   
 12 12   12 12 
 144  25
= 1  
 169  169
T
    3  (2  3)
=  sin 2  sin 3   1  2  
I
25 5     2
 sin    
169 13 50. (a)
cos(  )  cos  cos   sin  sin 
n d
cos(90° + ) = – sin, sec(270° + ) =cosec,
N

o
sin(180° + ) = – sin, cosec(–) = – cosec,
I y
 4 12   3 5   48 15  cos(270° – ) = – sin, tan(180° +) = tan.
=         
 5 13   5 13   65 65 
B e( sin )(cosec)(  sin )
F
 given exp. = (  cos ec)( sin ) tan 
33
k
=
65
n
= cos.
i
N
47. (b) 51. (a)
T h
I
cot 60 cot 45  1 cos(  )   cos , cos()  cos ,
cot 105° = cot(60° + 45°) =
cot 60  cot 45
 
cos(  )   cos , cos       sin 
 1  2 
  1  1
 3   (1  3) (  cos )(cos )
=   cot 
 1  (1  3)  given exp. =
  1 ( cos )(  sin )
 3 
52. (b)
(tan 60  tan 45)
tan 105° = tan(60° + 45°) = (C  D) (C  D)
1  tan 60 tan 45 Using sinC – sinD = 2cos sin
2 2
( 3  1) (C  D) (C  D)
= and cos C  cos D  2sin sin ,
(1  3) 2 2
(1  3) (1  3) sin 3x  sin x
 cot 105° + tan 105° =  we get
(1  3) (1  3) cos x  cos3x
(1  3) 2  (1  3)2  4x   2x 
4 3 2 cos   sin  
= = 2 3  2   2  cos5x cos x
(1  3) 2 = =  cot 2x
 4x   2x  sin 2x sin x
2sin  sin
  
48. (a)  2   2 
5 
2cos cos =cos(A + B) + cos(A – B)
12 12
53. (a) 56. (a)
sin 7x  sin 5x x x
Given exp. 2sin cos
cos 7x  cos5s sin x 2 2  tan x

1  cos x x 2
2 cos 2
(4x  2x) (4x  2x) 2
2cos cos  cos3x
2 2
= (4x  2x) (4x  2x) 57. (b)
2sin cos  sin 3x
2 2 Using (2cos 2   1)  cos 2, we get
2cos3x cos x  cos 3x
= 3
Y
2sin 3x cos x  sin 3x (2cos 2 15  1)  cos(2  15) = cos30° =
2
cos3x(2cos x  1) cos3x 58. (a)
T
= sin 3x(2cos x  1)  sin 3x  cot 3x
Using (3sin   4sin 3 )  sin 3, we get
I
54. (d)
Here, x lies in quadrant IV, where cosx > 0, sinx (3sin 40  4sin 3 40)  sin(3  40) = sin 120°
< 0 and tanx < 0.
n d
N
3
o
3 = sin (180° – 60°) = sin 60° =
I
 sec 2 x  (1  tan 2 x)
y
tan x  2
e
4
59. (c)
B
F
 9  25 3
Using (4cos   3cos )  cos3, we get
 1   
 16  16
n k
(8cos3 20  6cos 20)  2(4cos3 20  3cos 20)
i
N
25 5 4
 sec x     cos x 
T h
I
16 6 5  1
= 2 × cos (3 × 20°) = 2 cos60° =  2   = 1
 2
2 2  16  9
Now, sin x  (1  cos x)  1    60. (b)
 25  25
2 tan 
9 3 Using sin 2 
 sin x    (1  tan 2 )
25 5
(1  tan 2 )
sin x  3 5  3 and cos 2  , we get
 tanx =    (1  tan 2 )
cos x  5 4  4
2a tan  b(1  tan 2 )
( 3)  3  a sin 2  b cos 2  
2 tan x
2   (1  tan 2 ) (1  tan 2 )
 4  2 
 tan2x =
1  tan 2 x  1  9   7 
    2a tan   b(1  tan 2 )
 16   16  =
(1  tan 2 )
3 16 24
=  
2 7 7
55. (b)
x
2cos2  
1  cos x  2   cot 2 x

1  cos x x 2
2sin 2  
2
 
= (tan1° cot1°)(tan2° cot2°) ...(tan44° cot44°)
 a  a2   2a 2 a 2  tan45° = 1
 2a    b 1  2    b
 b  b   b b  67. (b)
= =
 a2  (a 2  b 2 ) sin   0    0,  ,  2,  3,..
1  2  2
 b  b
   n, n  I
68. (c)
 a2 
  b  b2  3 5
 2 2
 b   (a  b )b cos      ,  ,  ,...
2 2 2
= =b
(a 2  b2 ) (a 2  b2 )
Y

61. (b)    (2n  1) , n  I
2
T
sin 2x 2sin x cos x sin x 69. (a)
   tanx
2cos 2 x
I
1  cos 2x cos x
sin 
62. (b) tan   0   0  sin   0
cos 
(x 2  y 2  z 2 )    n, n  I
n d
N o
70. (b)
I
= r 2 cos 2  cos 2   r 2 cos 2  sin 2   r 2 sin 2 
= r 2 cos 2  (cos 2   sin 2 )  r 2 sin 2 
B ey
sin3x = 0  3x  n  x 
n
F
3
= r 2 cos 2   r 2 sin 2   r 2 (cos 2   sin 2 )
n k 71. (b)
i
cos 2x = 0
N
= r 2.
Th
 
I
63. (b)
 2x  (2n  1)  x  (2n  1)
2 4
(1  tan15) (tan 45  tan15)
 72. (b)
(1  tan15) (1  tan 45 tan15
Remember : sin   sin     n  , n  I
= tan(45° + 15 °) = tan 60° = 3 73. (c)
64. (b) Remember : cos   cos     2n  , n  I
2  2  2cos 4 = 2  2(1  cos 4) 74. (a)

Remember : tan   tan     n  , n  I
= 2
2  4cos 2  2  2cos 2 75. (c)
= 2(1  cos 2)  2  2cos 2   4cos 2  1  

cos    cos   2n  , n  I
2 3 3
= 2cos.
76. (a)
65. (c)
cos1° cos2° ... cos 90° ... cos 178° cos 179° = 0 1  
tan    tan    n  , n  I
3 6 6
[ cos90  0]
77. (c)
66. (b)
Given Exp.  3    4
sin     sin  sin      sin
= (tan1° tan89°) (tan2° tan88°) (tan3° tan87°) 2 3  3 3
... (tan44° tan46°)tan45°

 2 
    2n   , n  I
 3 
78. (c)
cos ec   2
1    5
 sin     sin  sin      sin
2 4  4 4
n 5
   n  ( 1) , , nN
Y
4
79. (b)
T
1    7
sin 2    sin  sin      sin
I
2 6  6 6
d
7 n
 2  n  (1) , n I
n
N
6
o
I y
n 7
   ( 1) n , n I
e
2 12
B
F
80. (a)
4sin 2   1  sin 2  
1 1
2
    sin 2

n k
i
N
4 2 6
T h
I

 x  n  , n  I
6
81. (b)
2
2 1  1 
2 2
cot   3  tan       tan
3  3 6

   n  , n  I
6
82. (d)
(b 2  c 2  a 2 ) (9  16  4) 21 7
cos A    
2bc (2  3  4) 24 8
83. (c)
(b 2  c 2  a 2 ) (6  8  2)
cos A = 
2bc 2 6 8
12 3 3
=      30
4 12 2 3 2

— Notes —
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Y
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I T
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n d
N
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o
I e y
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B
F
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n k
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i
N h
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T
I
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COMPLEX NUMBERS LEARN MATHEMATICS BY : DEEPIKA MA’AM – 94 –
COMPLEX NUMBERS
9. The smallest positive integer n for which
1. i326  ?
n
(a) 1 (b) –1  1 i 
   1 is
(c) i (d) – i 1 i 
(a) 2 (b) 3
2. i 75  ?
(c) 4 (d) 6
(a) 1 (b) –1
Y
(c) i (d) – i  1  2i 
10.   lies in
 1 i 
3. For any positive integer n, ( 1) 4n 3  ?
T
(a) quandrant I (b) quadrant II
(a) 1 (b) –1
I
(c) quadrant III (d) quadrant IV
(c) i (d) –i
 a  ib 
d
4. If i  1 and n is a positive integer then 11. If (x  iy)    then (x 2  y 2 )  ?
n
 c  id 
N
(i n  i n 1  i n  2  i n 3 )  ?
o
I ey
2 2
n
(a  b ) (a  b 2 )
2
(a) i (b) i (a) (b)
(c 2  d 2 ) (c 2  d 2 )
B
F
(c) 1 (d) 0
k
5. If a and b are integers then a  b  ab is (a 2  b2 )
n
(c) 2 2 (d) none of these
i
true only when (c  d )
N Th
(a) a and b are both positive
12. (1  2i ) 2  ?
I
(b) a and b are both negative
(c) a and b are both zero  3 4   3 4 
(a)   i  (b)   i 
(d) at least one of a and b is non-negative.  25 25   25 25 
6. Which of the following statements is correct ?
 3 4 
(a) (5 + 7i) > (3 + 4i) (c)   i  (d) none of these
 25 25 
(b) (5 +7i) < (3 + 4i)
(c) (3 + 5i) > (4 + 3i) 13. (1  i )3  ?
(d) none of these
1 1   1 1 
7. Which of the folowing statements is correct (a)   i  (b)   i 
4 4   4 4 
(a) (2 + 3i) > (2 – 3i)
(b) (3 + 2i) > (–3 + 2i)  1 1 
(c)   i  (d) none of these
(c) (5 + 4i) > (–5 – 4i)  4 4 
(d) none of these 14. The multiplicative inverse of (–2 + 5i) is
2  2 5   2 5 
1 i   i
8.   ? (a)  (b)   i 
 1 i   29 29   29 29 
(a) 1 (b) –1  2 5   2 5 
(c)   i (d)   i 
1 1  29 29   29 29 
(c) (d)
2 2
DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : COMPLEX NUMBERS : INFINITY ... Think beyond...
z i        
15. The complex number z such that  1 lies (d) 2 cos    i sin  
zi   2   2 
on
21. (1  3i ) , when expressed in polar form, is
(a) the x-axis (b) the line y = 1
(c) a circle (d) none of these        
(a) 2  cos    i sin  
z  5i   3   3 
16. The complex number z such that  1 lies
z  5i
  2   2  
on (b) 2  cos    i sin  
  3   3 
(a) the x-axis (b) the y-axis
Y
(c) a circle (d) none of these   3   3  
(c) 2  cos    i sin  
T
z2   4   4 
17. The complex number z such that  2 lies
I
z2 (d) none of these
on 22. (sin 30° + i cos 30°), when expressed in polar
d
(a) the x-axis (b) the y-axis form, is
n
N
(c) a circle (d) none of these (a) (cos 60° + i sin 60°)
o
I
(b) (cos 30° – i sin 30°)
y
18. –2, when expressed in polar form, is
e
(c) (cos 150° + i sin 150°)
  
B
F
(a) 2  cos  i sin  (d) none of these
 2 2
k
23. 3(cos 300° – i sin30°), when expressed in polar
n
(b) 2(cos   i sin ) form, is
hi
N
(c) 2(cos 2  i sin 2) 3   
 cos  i sin 
T
I
(a)
(d) noe of these 2 4 4
19. (1  i 2) , when expressed in polar form, is 3        

(b)  cos  4   i sin  4  
(a) 2(cos   i sin ) 2    
   3  3 3 
(b) 2  cos  i sin  (c)  cos  i sin 
 3 3 2 4 4 
(d) none of these
 2 2 
(c) 2  cos  i sin 
 3 3  24. If z  (2  5) then | z | = ?
(a) 9 (b) 7
  2   2  
(d) 2  cos    i sin   (c) 3 (d) none of these
  3   3 
25. If z  (3  2i) then zz  ?
20. (–1 – i), when expressed in polar form, is
(a) 5 (b) 7
       
(a) 2 cos    i sin   (c) 11 (d) 11
  4   4 
26. arg (1  i 3)  ?
  3   3  
(b) 2 cos    i sin  
  4   4   2
(a) (b)
3 3
  2   2   (c)  (d) none of these
(c) 2 cos    i sin  
  3   3 
27. For any complex number z, arg (z) + arg ( z ) =? (a) (i) - (q), (ii) - (r), (iii) - (s), (iv) - (p)
(b) (i) - (r), (ii) - (q), (iii) - (p), (iv) - (s)

(a) 0 (b) (c) (i) - (r), (ii) - (q), (iii) - (s), (iv) - (p)
2
(d) none of these
(c)  (d) 2
28. The solution set of x2 + 2 = 0 is
ANSWERS
(a) { 2,  2} (b) { 2i,  2}
1. (b)
(c) { 2,  2i} (d) { 2i,  2i} i 326  (i 4 )81  i 2  (1)81  ( 1)  1  (1)  1
29. The solution set of x2 + 13 = 4x is
Y
2. (c)
(a) { 3 + 2i, 3 – 2i} (b) {2 + 3i, 2 – 3i}
1 1
i 75   i
T
(c) {3i, –3i} (d) none of these 75 75
i i i
30. The solution set of x2 + 2x + 2 = 0 is
I
(a) {i, – i} (b) {1 + i, – i} 1 1
= i   i  1 i  i
76 4 19
d
(c) {1 + i, 1 – i} (d) {–1 + i, –1 – i} i (i )
n
N
31. Compare List I with Ilst II and choose the cor- 3. (c)
rect answer using codes given below :
o
I y
4n  3 4n  3
( 1)  ( i )  [(i )] .(i )3
4 n
e
List I (Complex No.) List II(Its modulus)
= 1 × (–i) × (–i) × (–i) = i2 × (–i)
B
F
(i) (4 – 3i) (p) 10
= – 1 × (–i) = i
(ii) (8 + 6i) (q)
1
4.
n
(d)
k
hi
5
N
n 1
n
(i  i  i n  2  i n 3 )  i n (1  i  i 2  i 3 )
1
T
I
(iii) (3  4i) (r) 1
= i n (1  i  1  i )  i n  0  0
(3  4i) 5. (d)
(iv) (s) 5
(3  4i) a  b  ab is true only when at least one
(a) (i) - (p), (ii) - (s), (iii) -(r), (iv) - (q) of a and b is non-negative.
(b) (i) - (s), (ii) - (p), (iii) -(q), (iv) - (r) 6. (d)
(c) (i) - (s), (ii) - (p), (iii) - (r), (iv) - (q) Two complex numbers cannot be compared.
(d) (i) - (r), (ii) - (p), (iii) - (s), (iv) - (q) 7. (d)
Two complex numbers cannot be compared.
32. For any complex numbers z1 and z 2 , compare
8. (b)
List I with List II and choose the correct an-
swer, using codes given below :
(1  i ) (1  i) (1  i) (1  i )2
List I List II   
(1  i) (1  i ) (1  i) (1  i 2 )

(i) arg (z1z 2 ) (p)
2 1  i 2  2i 1  1  2i 2i
=    i
(1  i) 2 2
 z1 
(ii) arg  z  (q) arg (z1 ) – arg (z 2 ) 9. (c)
 2
(1  i) (1  i) (1  i) (1  i) 2
(iii) arg(z) + arg (z) (r) arg (z1 ) + arg (z 2 )   
(1  i) (1  i) (1  i) (1  i) 2
(iv) arg(i) (s) 2
1  i 2  2i 1  1  2i 2i 1 1 1 (2  5i)
=   i  z  z  ( 2  5i )  (2  5i)
(1  i) 2 2
10. (b) ( 2  5i ) (2  5i) (2  5i )
=  
2 (4  25) 20
(1  2i ) (1  2i) (1  i ) (1  2i)(1  i) (4  25i )
  
(1  i ) (1  i) (1  i ) (12  i 2 )
1  2 5 
 z    i
 29 29 
(1  2i)(1  i ) 1  3i  2i 2
= 
(12  i 2 ) (1  i) 15. (a)
2
Y
1  2  3i 1  3i  1 3  z i zi
    i 1  1
= zi zi
2 2  2 2 
T
11. (a) 2 2
x  iy  i x  i (y  1)
I
 1  1
(a  ib) x  iy  i x  i(y  1)
(x  iy) 
(a  id)
| x  i(y  1) |2
d
x 2  (y  1) 2
n
N
 1  1
o
a  i b | a  ib | | x  i (y  1) |2 x 2  (y  1) 2
 | x  iy | 
I y
c  i d | c  id |
| a  ib |2
B e
 x 2  (y  1) 2  x 2  (y  1)2
F
2 | a  ib |
 | x  iy |    (y  1)  (y  1)2  0
2
k
| c  id |2 | c  id |
n
 4y = 0  y=0
i
N
2 2
(a  b )
h
2 2  z lies on the x-axis.
 (x  y ) 
(c 2  d 2 )
T
I
16. (a)
12. (b) 2 2
z  5i z  5i z  5i
1 1  1
1 1 z  5i z  5i z  5i
(1  i) 2  
2
(1  2i) (1  4i 2  4i )
 | z  5i |2 | z  5i |2
1 1 (3  4i)
= (1  4  4i )  ( 3  4i )  (3  4i)  | x  iy  5i |2 | x  iy  5i |2
(3  4i) (3  4i)  3 4   | x  i (y  5) |2 | x  i(y  5) |2

= 2
    i
(9  16i ) 25  25 25 
 x 2  (y  5)2  x 2  (y  5) 2
13. (b)
 (y  5) 2  (y  5) 2  0
1 1
(1  i )3    20y = 0  y = 0
3 2
(1  i ) 1  i  3(1  i)
 z lies on the x-axis.
1 1 ( 2  2i) 17. (c)
= 1  i  3i  3  ( 2  2i)  ( 2  2i)
2
z2 z2 | z  2 |2
2 4 4
(2  2i) (2  2i)  1 1  z2 z2 | z  2 |2
= 2
    i
4  4i 8  4 4 
 | x  i y  2 |2  4 | x  i y  2 | 2
14. (c)
z = (–2 5i)  (x  2) 2  y 2  4{(x  2)2  y 2 }
 x 2  4x  4  y 2  4{x 2  4x  4  y 2 } 1 1  3
= 3   i   (1  i)
2 2  2
 3(x 2  y 2 )  20x  12  0, which is a
circle. 3   
= . 2  cos  i sin 
18. (b) 2  4 4
Let z = – 2 + 0.i and let z = r(cos   i sin )
3        
Then r cos   2 and r sin   0 =  cos  4   i sin  4  
2    
Squaring and adding, we get r 2  4  r  2 24. (c)
Y
 [cos   1 and sin   0]     z  (2  5i )  | z |2  {2 2  ( 5) 2 }
 2  2[cos   i sin ] = (4 + 5) = 9  | z | = 3
T
25. (c)
19. (c)
I
Let z  (1  i 3) and let z = r(cos + isin) zz  | z |2  [32  ( 2) 2 ]  (9  2)  11
d
26. (b)
Then, r cos   1 and r sin   3
n
N o
 2 2 
Squaring and adding, we get r 2  4  r  2 (1  i 3)  2  cos  i sin 
I y
 3 3 
 3
B e
F
1 2 2
  cos   and sin       arg(1  i 3) 
2 2 3 3
k
 
n
27. (d)
i
N
 2 g2 
h
 (1  i 3)  2 cos  i sin Let z  r(cos   i sin ). Then
 3 3 
T
I
z  r(cos   i sin )
20. (b)
Let z = (–1 – i) and let z  r(cos   i sin ) = r[cos(2  )  i sin(2  )]
Then, r cos   1 and r sin   1  arg (z) + arg (z) =   (2  )  2

28. (d)
Squaring nd adding, we get r2 = 2  r  2
x 2  2  0  x 2  2  x   2i
 1 1  3
 cos   and sin      4 Solution set is { 2i,  2i}
 2 2
29. (b)
  3   3  
 (1  i )  2 cos  4   i sin  4   x 2  13  4x  x 2  4x  13  0
    
21. (b)
4  16  52 4  36
22. (a)  x 
2 2
(sin30° + i cos30°)
4  6i
= sin(90° – 60°) + icos(90° – 60°) =  (2  3i)
2
= (cos60° + i sin60°)
 solution set = {2 + 3i, 2 – 3i}
23. (b)
30. (d)
3(cos300° – i sni30°)
x2 + 2x + 2 = 0
= 3[cos(360° – 60°) – i sin 30°]
= 3 (cos 60° – i sin 30°)
2  4  8 2  4 2  2i
 x  
2 2 2
 x = –1 ± i
 solution set = {–1 + i, –1 – i}
31. (b)
(i)  | 4  3i | 16  9  25  5
(ii)  | 8  6i | 64  36  100  10
1 1 1 1
Y
(iii)    
| 3  4i | 9  16 25 5
T
3  4i | 3  4i | 25 5
(iv)     1
I
3  4i | 3  4i | 25 5
 the correct answer is
(i) - (s), (ii) - (p), (iii) -(q), (iv) - (r)
n d
N o
32. (c)
I y
(i)  {arg(z1z 2 )  arg(z1 )  arg(z 2 )}  3
B e
F
  z1  
(ii)  arg  z   arg(z1 )  arg(z 2 )   2
  2  
n k
i
N
(iii)  {arg(z)  arg(z)  2}  4
T h
I
 
(iv)  arg (i)   1
 2
 the correct answer is
(i) - (r), (ii) - (q), (iii) - (s), (iv) - (p)
— Notes —
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LINEAR INEQUALITIES LEARN MATHEMATICS BY : DEEPIKA MA’AM – 109 –
LINEAR INEQUALITIES
1. Solution set of the inequality 2x  0 is (c) { } (d) none of these
(a) half of XOY-plane which is on the left of 10. Solutions of the inequalities comprising a sys-
y-axis tem in variable x are represented on number lines
(b) half of XOY-plane which lies on teh right as given below, then
of y-axis.
(c) half of XOY-plane which lies on the right
of y-axis and including points on y-axis
Y
(d) none of these
2. Solution set of the inequality y < 0 is (a) x  (,  4]  [3, )
T
(a) half of XOY-plane which lies below x-axis (b) x  [ 3, 1]
I
(b) half of XOY-plane which lies above X-axis (c) x  ( ,  4)  (3, )
(c) half of XOY-plane which lies below x-axis
(d) x [ 4, 3]
d
including the points on X-axis
n
N
(d) none of these 11. The inequality representing the following graph
o
is :
I
3. Region represented by the system x  0, y  0
of inequations is
e y
B
F
(a) first quadrant (b) second quadrant
k
(c) third quadrant (d) fourth quadrant
n
4. Graph of the system of inequations x  0, y  0
i
N
is
T h
I
(a) first quadrant (b) second quadrant
(c) third quadrant (d) fourth quadrant
5. If x < 5 then (a) | x | < 5 (b) | x |  5
(a) – x < – 5 (b)  x  5 (c) | x | > 5 (d) | x |  5
(c) – x > – 5 (d)  x  5 12. Solution of a linear inequation is represented on
the number lies as shown. The solution set is
6. Solution set of the inequations x  2, x  3 is
(a) [–3, 2] (b) (–3, 2)
(c) [2, –3] (d) { } (a) (, 5) (b) (, 5]
7. Solution set of the inequations 2x – 1  3 and (c) [5, ) (d) (5, )
3x  1  5 is 13. Solution of a linear inequality is represented on
(a) (–2, 2) (b) [–2, 2] the number line as shown. The solution set is
(c) ( ,  2)  (2, )
(d) ( ,  2]  [2, ) (a) (,  2) (b) ( ,  2]
8. If –3x + 17 < –13, then (c) (2, ) (d) [–2, )
(a) x  (10, ) (b) x  [10, ) 14. Solution of a linear inequation is represented on
(c) x  ( ,10] (d) (d)  (, 10) the number line as shown. The solution set is
9. The region of XOY-plane which is represetned

by the inequalities 2  0, y  0, 2x  y  6  0
 7  7
is (a)  ,  (b)  , 
 2  2
(a) a triangle (b) a square
DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : LINEAR INEQUALITIES : INFINITY ... Think beyond...
2. (a)
7  7 
(c)  ,   (d)  ,   Graph of y < 0 is the set all poitns where y coor-
2  2 
dinates is –ve i.e, the set of all points which lie
15. Solution of a linear inequality is represented on below the x-axis.
the number line as shown. The solution is 3. (a)
Both the conditions x  0 and y  0 are satis-
fied by all points in the first quadrant (including
9  9 
(a)  ,   (b)  ,   the points on the axes) and by no other point.
2  2  4. (b)
Y
 9  9 The condition x  0 and y  0 are satisfied by
(c)  ,  (d)  , 
 2  2 all points in the second quandrant (including the
points on the axis) and by no other point.
T
l6. If x is a real number and | x | < 3, then
5. (c)
I
(a) x  3 (b) x  3
x<5
(c) –3 < x < 3 (d) 3  x  3
 x–5<0
d
17. If | x – 1 | > 5, then
 – (x – 5) > 0
n
N
(a) x  (4, 6) (b) x [ 4, 6]
o
 –x – (–5) > 0
I y
(c) x  ( ,  4]  [6, )  –x > – 5
(d) x  ( ,  4]  (6, )
6. (d)
B e
F
Solution set of x  5, x  3 is
k
l8. If | x  2 | 9, then
n
( ,  3]  [2, )  { }
i
(a) x  (7, 11) (b) x  [11, 7]
N
No real number satisfies given inequations.
(c) x  ( ,  7)  (11, )
T h 7. (b)
I
(d) x  ( ,  7)  [11, ) Given inequations are
19. If | x  3 | 10, then 2x  1  3, 3x  1  5
(a) x  (13, 7) (b)  x  5  2x  4, 3x  6

(c) x  (,  13)  (7, )  x  2, x  2
(d) x  ( ,  13]  [7, )  2  x  2
8. (a)
|x 2| –3x + 17 < –13  –3x < – 30  x > 10
20. If  0, then
x2
9. (c)
(a) x [2, ) (b) x  (2, ) The graph of given inequalities is common to
(c) x  ( , 2) (d) x  ( , 2] the graphs of x  2, x  2, y  2, y  2
ANSWERS
1. (c)
2x  0
 x 0
 x>0
or x = 0
 Graph of the given inequality contains all
points which lie either in first quadrant or in
fourth quadrant or on the Y-axis.
10. (a)
((,  4)  [3, ))  (( , 3)  (1  ))
= ( ,  4]  [3, )
11. (a)
–5<x<5  |x|<5
12. (d)
x > 5  x  (5, )
13. (b)
x  2  x  ( ,  2]
Y
14. (a)
T
7  7
x  x   , 
I
2  2
15. (b)
9 9 
n d
N
x  x  , 
o
2  2 
I y
16. (c)
| x | < 3  –3 < < 3
B e
F
17. (d)
| x – 1 | > 5  x – 1 < –5 or x – 1 > 5
n k
i
18. (b)
N h
| x  2 | 9   9  x  2  9
T
I
19. (d)
| x  3 |  10
 x  3  10 or x  3  10
20. (b)
|x 2|
 0  x  2  0, x  2
x2
( Numerator is non-negative, denominator
cannot be negative)
 x>2
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PERMUTATION & COMBINATION LEARN MATHEMATICS BY : DEEPIKA MA’AM – 124 –
PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS

1 1 x 11. How many 3-digit numbers are there ?
1. If   , then x = ? (a) 648 (b) 729
6! 7! 8!
(a) 32 (b) 48 (c) 900 (d) 1000
(c) 56 (d) 64 12. Howmany 3-digit numebrs can be formed with
no digit repeated by using the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
n 1
2. If P3 : n P4  1: 9, then n = ? and 5 ?
Y
(a) 12 (b) 11 (a) 50 (b) 52
(c) 9 (d) 10 (c) 54 (d) 56
T
13. The number of positive integers greater than
3. If 15
Pr  2730, then r = ? 6000 and les than 7000 which are divisible by 5
I
with no digit repeated, is
(a) 3 (b) 4
(a) 28 (b) 56
(c) 5 (d) 6
(c) 84 (d) 112
n d
N
15
4. If Pr 1 : 16 Pr 2  3: 4 then r = ?
o
14. How many words begiining with T and ending
I y
(a) 8 (b) 10 with E can be made with no leter repeated out
e
of the letters of the word ‘TRIANGLE’ ?
(c) 12 (d) 14
B
F
(a) 8 (b) 720
5. n n
If C10  C14 , then n = ? P6
(a) 4 (b) 24
n k
(c) 722 (d) 1440
i
N
15. How many words can be formed fro the letters
h
(c) 14 (d) 10
of th word ‘DAUGHTER’ so that the vowels
T
I
6. If n C r  n C r 1  n 1C x , then x = ? always come together ?
(a) 720 (b) 2160
(a) r – 1 (b) r
(c) r + 1 (d) n
16. In how many ways can the letters of the world
7. In how many ways can 5 persons occupy 3
‘PENCIL’ be arrnged so that N is always next
seats?
to E ?
(a) 15 (b) 20
(a) 120 (b) 240
(c) 30 (d) 60
(c) 720 (d) 1440
8. In how many ways can 5 persons occupy 3
17. In how many ways can the letters of the word
seats?
‘APPLE’ be arranged ?
(a) 4 (b) 8
(a) 6 (b) 60
(c) 24 (d) 16
(c) 90 (d) 120
9. Three different rings aer tobe worn in 4 figures.
18. How many words can be formed by using all
In how many ways can this be done ?
the letters of the word ‘ALLAHABAD’ ?
(a) 12 (b) 24
(a) 91 (b) 1890
(c) 64 (d) 81
(c) 3780 (d) 7560
10. Howmany words with or without meaning can
19. In how many ways can 10 books be arranged in
be formed by using all the letters of the word,
a shelf so that a particular pair of books shall be
‘DELHI’, using each letter exactly once ?
always together ?
(a) 20 (b) 60
(a) 8 ! (b) 9 !
(c) 120 (d) 5
(c) 2 × 8! (d) 2 × 9!
DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : PERMUTATION & COMBINATION : INFINITY ... Think beyond...
20. In how many ways can 6 girls be seated in a (a) 1364 (b) 364
circle ? (c) 1001 (d) none of these
(a) 6 (b) 6! 30. In an examination, a candidate has to pass in
(c) 5! (d) 2 × 5! each of the five subjects. In how many ways
21. How many diagonals are there in a polygon of n can be fail ?
sides ? (a) 5 (b) 10
1 1 (c) 21 (d) 31
(a) n(n  1) (b) n(n  2) 31. The digit in the units place of
2 2
1  2  3  4  ...  n, where n > 4, is
1 1
(c) n(n  3) (d) n(n  1)
Y
2 2 (a) 0 (b) 3
22. How many diagonals are there in an octagon ? (c) 1 (d) 2
T
(a) 28 (b) 24 32. Total number of words that can be formed by
using 2 vowels and 3 consonants selected from
I
(c) 20 (d) 36
4 vowels and 5 comnsoants is equal to (no rep-
23. A polygon has 54 diagonals. Number of sides in etition is allowed)
d
this polygon is
(a) 60 (b) 7200
n
N
(a) 9 (b) 12
o
(c) 120 (d) 720
I
(c) 20 (d) 36
y
33. There are 4 letters boxes in a post office. In
e
24. There are 10 points ni a plane, out of which 4 how many ways can a man post 8 distinct let-
B
F
points are collinear. The number of line segments ters ?
obtained from the pairs of these points is
k
(a) 4 × 8 (b) 84
n
(a) 39 (b) 40
(c) 48
i
(d) P(8, 4)
N
(c) 41 (d) 45
h
34. There are n points on a circle. The number of
T
25. There are 10 points in a plane, out of which 4
I
straight lines formed byjoining them is equal
points are collinear. The number of triangle
formed with vertices as these point is (a) n (b) n
C2 P2
(a) 20 (b) 120
(c) n (d) none of these
C2  1
26. Out of 7 consonants and 4 vowels, how many 35. In an examination there are three multiple choice
words of 3 consonants and 2 vowels can be questions and each question has 4 choices. Num-
formed ? ber of ways in which a student can fail to get all
answer correct is
(a) 330 (b) 1050
(a) 11 (b) 12
(c) 6300 (d) 25200
(c) 27 (d) 63
27. 12 persons meet in a room and each shakes
hands with all the others. How many handshakes 36. Ten different letters of English alphabet are
are there ? given. Words with five letters are formed from
these given letters. Then the number of words
(a) 144 (b) 132 which have atleast one letter repeated is
(c) 72 (d) 66 (a) 69760 (b) 30240
28. In how many ways can we select 9 balls out of (c) 99748 (d) 99784
6 red balls, 5 white balls and 5 blue balls if 3
balls of each colour are selected ? 37. A coin is tossed n times. The number of pos-
sible outcomes is
(a) 40 (b) 200
(a) 2n (b) n
(c) 2000 (d) 400 C2
29. In how many ways can a cricket team be cho- (c) n 2 (d) 2n
sen out of a batch of 15 players, if a particular
player is always chosen ?
38. There are four bus routes between A and B; ANSWERS

three bus routes between B and C. A man can 1. (d)
travel round-trip in number of ways by bus from
A to C via B. If he does not want to use a bus 1 1 x 8 7 8 x
route more than once, in how manyways can be     
6! 7! 8! 8  7  (6!) 8  (7!) 8!
makde round trip ?
(a) 72 (b) 144 56 8 x
    x = 56 + 8 = 64
(c) 14 (d) 19 8! 8! 8!
39. The number of parallelograms that can be formed 2. (c)
from a set of four parallel lines intersecting an-
n 1
Y
other set of three parallel lines is P3 1
n

(a) 6 (b) 18 P4 9
T
(c) 12 (d) 9
(n  1)! (n  4)! 1
 
I
40. The number of all five digit numbers that can be  (n  1  3)! n! 9
formed by using the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 is
d
(a) 5 (b) 5 5 1 1
P5   n=9
n

N
n 9
(c) 4  4 P4 (d) 4  54
o
I y
3. (a)
e
41. A fair dice is rolled n times. The number of all 15
2730 = (15 × 14 × 13) = P3  r  3
B
the possible outcome is
F
4. (d)
k
(a) 6n (b) 6n
n
15
hi
(c) n 6 (d) none of these Pr 1 3
N
16

Pr  2 4
42. The number of words which can be formed out
T
I
of the letters of the word ‘ARTICLE’, so that
vowels occupy the even places is 15! {16  (r  2)}! 3
 {15  (r  1)}!  16!

4
4
(a) 1440 (b) C 4  3C3
1 (18  r)! 3
(c) 144 (d) 7  16  (16  r)!  4  (18 – r)(17 – r) = 12
43. Given five different green dyes, four different
blue dyes and three different red dyes; the num-  r 2  35r  294  0
ber of combinations of dyes which can be cho-
 (r – 21)(r – 14) = 0
sen taking atleast one green and one blue dye is
(a) 3600 (b) 3720  r = 14 [ r  16]
(c) 3800 (d) 3600 5. (b)
n
44. The straight lines 1 ,  2 and  3 are parallel and C p  n Cq  p  q  n
lies in the same plane. A total number of m points
n
are taken on  , n points on  2 and k points on  C10  n C14  (10 + 14) = 24
 3 . The maximum number of triangles with ver- 6. (c)
tices at these points is n n 1
We know that C r  n C r 1  Cr 1
(a) mn k (b) m n k
C3 C3  C3  C3 So, x =(r + 1)
(c) m
C3  n C3  k C3 7. (d)
Required number of ways
mn k m
(d) C3  C3  n C3  k C3
them as one letter.

5 5! 5  4  3  2 1
= P3  (5  3)!  2 1
 60 Then, the letters to be arranged are D, G, H, T,
R, (A U E).
8. (c) These 6 letters can be arrnaged in 6 places in 6!
Required number of ways = 4! = (4 × 3 × 2 × 1) ways.
= 24 Now, 3 letters A, U, E among themselves can
9. (b) be arranged in 3! = 6 ways
Required number of ways = (4 × 3 × 2) = 24  required number o words = (6!)
10. (c) = (6 × 5 × 4 ×3 × 2 × 1) = 4320
Required number of words = number of arrange- 16. (a)
Y
ments of 5 letters taken all at a time Keeping EN together and considering it as one
5
= P5 = 5! =(5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1) = 120 letter, we have to arrange 5 letters at 5 places.
T
11. (c) This can be done in 5 P5  5! =120 ways.
I
The hundreds place can be filled by any of the 9 17. (b)
d
nonzero digits. There are in all 5 letters out of which there are
n
N
So, there are 9 ways of filling this place. The 2P, 1A, 1L and 1E.
o
tens place can be filled by any of the 10 digits. required number of ways
I

y
So, there are 10 ways of filling it.
The units place can be filled by ansy of the 10dig- 5!
B e
= (2!)(1!)(1!)  60
F
its. So, there are 10 ways of filling it.
The units place can be filled by any of the 10
digits. So, there are 10 ways of filing it.
18. (d)
n k
i There are 9 letters in all. Out of these A is re-
N h
 total number of 3-digit numbers peated 4 times, L is repeated 2 times and the
T
I
= (9 × 10 × 10) = 900 rest are different.
12. (b) Required number of words
Numbers with 0 at units place = (5 × 4 × 1) =20
9!
Numbers with 2 at unit place = (4 × 4 × 1) = 16 =  7560
(4!).(2!)
Numbers with 4 at units place =(4 × 4 × 1) =16
19. (d)
Total numbers =(20 + 16 + 16) = 52
Let us keep the two particular books together
13. (d) and treat them as one.
Clearly, thousands digit is 6. Now, 9 books can be arranged among them-
Number of numbers with units digit 0 selves in 9! ways.
= (1 × 8 × 7 × 1) = 56 Also, 2 books can be arranged among theselves
Number of numbers with units digit 5 in 2! = 2 ways
= (1 × 8 × 7 × 1) = 56  required number of ways = 2 × 9!

Required number of numbers =(56 + 56) = 112 20. (c)
14. (b) 6 girls can be aranged in a row in 5! ways.
Fixing T at the beginning and E at the end, the 21. (c)

remaining 6 lettes can be arranged in 6 places in In a polygon of n sides, number of diagonals =
6! = 720ways 1
n(n  3).
 required number of words = 720 2
15. (c) 22. (c)
Total all the voweels A U E together and take
1 12 12  11
Putting n = 8 in n(n  3), we get 20. Number of handshakes = C2   66
2 2
 number of diagonals in an octagon = 20. 28. (c)
23. (b) Required number of ways
1 = (6 C3  5C3  5 C3 )
n(n  3)  54  n(n – 3) =108
2
= (6 C3  5C 2  5C 2 )
 n2 –3n – 108 = 0
 n2 – 12n + 9n – 108 =0  6 5 4 5 4 5 4 
 
Y
=  = 2000
 n(n – 12) + 9(n – 12) = 0  3  2 1 2 1 2 1 
 (n – 12)(n + 9) = 0  n = 12 29. (c)
T
24. (b) When a particular players is always chosen, then
I
Number of line segments formed by joining pairs we have to select 10 players outof 14.
14
10  9  required nubmer of ways = C10  14 C 4
d
10
of points out of 10 = C2   45
2
n
N
14  13  12  11
o
Number of line segments formed by joining pairs =  1001
I y
4  3 2 1
e
4 43
of 4 points = C2  6 30. (d)
B
2
F
The candicate can fail by failing in 1 or 2 or 3 or
But, these points being collinear give only one
k
4 or 5 subjects out of 5 in each case.
line.
n required number of ways
hi

N
 required number of line segments
= (45 – 6 + 1) = 40 = 5 C1  5C 2  5C3  5C 4  5C5
T
I
25. (c)
= 5 C1  5C 2  5C(53)  5C(54)  1
Number of triangles obtained from 10 points =
10 10  9  8 = 5 C1  5C 2  5C 2  5 C1  1
C3   120
3  2 1
= 2( 5C1  5C 2 )  1
Number of triangles obtained from 4 points
= 4 C3  4 C1  4  5 4 
= 2 5    1 = (30 + 1) = 31
 2 1 
But, these 4 points being collinear will give no
triangle. 31. (b)
 required number of triangles When n > 4, n is divisible by 10. Hence, the
= (120 – 4) = 116. digit in unit’s place of n is 0 for n > 4.
26. (d)
Also, 1  2  3  4 = 1 + 2 + 6 +24 = 33
Number of ways of selecting 3 consonants out
of 7 and 2 vowels out of 4 Hence, for n > 4, the digit in unit’s place of
1  2  3  ...  n is 3.
7 4  7 65 43
= ( C3  C 2 )      210 32. (b)
 3  2 1 2 1 
Now, 5 letters can be arranged among them- Required number = ( 4 C 2  5C3 )  5 P5
selves in 5! ways =120ways.
(Here, first we make a choice of 5 letters and
Required number of words = (210 × 120) = 25200 then arrange them in a row)
27. (d) 33. (c)
Each letter can be posted in 4 ways as it can be
3 vowels can occupy 3 even places in 3 P3  3
put into any one of the four letter boxes. Hence
all the 8 letters can be posted in 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × ways and 4 consonants can occupy 4 odd places
4 × 4 × 4 × 4 = 48 ways in 4 P4  4 ways.
34. (a)
Hence, the required number of words = 3 4
Each selection of a pair of points gives us a line.
43. (b)
Required number of lines = C2 n
 Required number of selections
35. (d) = ( 5C1  5C 2  5 C3  5C 4  5 C5 )
Total number of ways of giving answers is 4 × 4
Y
×4 = 64 out of which only one is totally correct ( 4 C1  4 C 2  4 C3  4 C 4 )
(i.e., all correct) answer.
× ( 3C0  3C1 3 C2  3C3 )
T
36. (a)
I
Requierd number 105  10 P5 = (25  1)  (2 4  1)  23
37. (d)
( n C0  n C1  n C 2  ...  n C n  2 n )
When a coin is tossed once, there are only two
n d
N
outcomes either ‘head’ or ‘tail’. When the coin 44. (d)
o
I
is tossed n times, the number of outcomes = 2×
y
m points which lies on 1 give no triangle in-
e
2 × 2 × 2 × ... × 2 = 2n.
stead of m
C3 . Similar is the situation with n
B
F
38. (a)
points on  2 and k points on  3 .
k
For going from A to C via B, there are 4 × 3 =
n
12 possible ways and for the return journey from  Required number of triangles
hi
N
C to A via B there are (3 – 1) × (4 – 1) = 6 ways
mn k m
as the routes used in the direct journey are not = C3  C3  n C3  k C3
T
I
to be used in the return journey. Hence, the total
number of possible ways = 12 × 6
39. (b)
Required number = 4 C 2  3C 2
( Every choice of a pair of lines from one sys-
tem and a apir of lines from the second system
gives us a parallelogram)
40. (d)
In this case, extreme left place can be filled in
only 4 ways as 0 cannot be place there. Corre-
sponding to each way of doing so, each of the
remaining four places can be filled in 5 ways.
 Required number of numbers
= 4 × 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 = 4 × 5 4.
41. (b)
When a dice is rolled once, there are 6 possible
outcomes.
 When the dice is rolled n times, the num-
ber of outcomes = 6n.
42. (c)
— Notes —
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i
N h
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BINOMIAL THEOREM LEARN MATHEMATICS BY : DEEPIKA MA’AM – 140 –
BINOMIAL THEOREM
1. The number of terms in the expansion of 8. The 5th term from the end in the expansion of
(2x  3y)17 is  1
12
x   is
(a) 16 (b) 17  x
(c) 18 (d) 34 (a) 99x4 (b) 495x4
2. The number of terms in the expansion of
495
10 (c) – 99x4 (d)
Y
 5 x4
 3x   is
 y
10
T
(a) 9 (b) 11  1 
9. The middle term in the expansion of  x  
 2y 
I
(c) 5 (d) 9
is
{( 2x  3y)10  ( 2x  3y)10 } is (a)
63 5 5
x y (b)
n
x y
d
21 6 6
N
8 4
o
(a) 11 (b) 9
I y
(c) 6 (d) 5 63 4 4 63 4 4
e
(c) x y (d) x y
8 8
B
F
{(x  a)16  ( 2x  3y)10 } is
k
6
 1
10. The coefficient of x in expansion of  3x  
2
(a) 7 (b) 8
i n  x
N h
(c) 9 (d) 17 is
T
I
12
(a) 405 (b) 1215
 2 1 
5. The 10th term in the expansion of  2x  2  (c) 2430 (d) 3645
 x 
11. The coefficient of x 2 in the expansion of
is
9
16 12  2 1 
(a) 264x (b) 1760x  3x   is
 3x 
(c) 792x 14 (d) none of these (a) 378 (b) 756
6. The 13th term in the expansion of (c) 189 (d) 567
18 12. The term independent of x in the expansion of
 1 
 9x   , x  0 is 10
 3 x  1
x   is
(a) 16854 (b) 18564  x
(c) 17954 (d) 18832 (a) 210 (b) 252
7. The 5th term form the end in the expansion of (c) 504 (d) 756
9 13. The term independent of x in the expansion of
 x3 2 
  7  is 12
 1
 2 x  
x   is
 x
(a) 252x2 (b) –252x2
(a) 924 (b) 462
(c) –2520x3 (d) 2520x3
(c) 231 (d) 693
DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : BINOMIAL THEOREM : INFINITY ... Think beyond...
14. Which term contains x3 in the expansion of (a) 6th (b) 7th
8 (c) 8th (d) none
 1 
 3x   ? 22. The term independent of x in the expansion of
 2x 
9
(a) 2nd (b) 3rd 3 2 1 
 x   is
(c) 4th (d) none 2 3x 
15. The coefficients of x–4 in the expansion of 1 7

(a) (b)
10 24 18
 2 1 
 3x  3  is
 3x  8 5
Y
(c) (d)
27 36
40 40
(a) (b) 23. Let the coefficient of xn in the expansion of
T
27 27
(1  x) 2n be p and the coefficient of x in the
n
I
80 80
(c) (d) expansion of (1  x)2n 1 be q, then
9 9
d
16. Total number of termsin the expansion of (a) p = 2q (b) 2p = q
n
N
(a  b  c)n is (c) 2p = 3q (d) 3p = 2q
o
I y
24. If p and q are positive integers, then the coeffi-
(a) (n + 1) (b) (2n + 1)
e
cients of xp and xq expansion of (1 + x)p+q are
B
F
1 1 (a) equal
(c) n(n  1) (d) (n  1)(n  2)
k
2 2 (b) equal with opposite signs
n
hi
(c) reciprocal to each other
N
(a  b  c)10 is (d) none of these
T
I
(a) 11 (b) 21
(c) 55 (d) 66 ANSWERS
3 1. (c)
18. The coefficient of x in the expansion of
(1  2x)6 (1  x)7 is The expansion of (2x  3y)17 has 18 terms.
(a) 43 (b) –43 2. (b)
(c) 63 (d) –63 10
 5
7 8
19. If the coefficients x and x are equal in the The expansion of  3x   has 11 terms.
 y
n
 x 3. (d)
expansion of  2   , then n = ?
 3 The expansion of
(a) 15 (b) 45 10
{( 2x  3y)10  ( 2x  3y)10 } has =
(c) 55 (d) 56 2
5terms.
20. The total number of terms in the expansion of
4. (c)
(x  k)100  (x  k)100 after simplication is
The expansion of {(x  a)16  ( 2x  3y)10 }
(a) 50 (b) 51
(c) 101 (d) 202  16 
has   1 = 9 terms.
21. Which term contains x7 in the expansion of  2 
11
 2 3
 2x   ?
 x
5. (b)
(9 r) r
12  x3 
r9  2 
 2 1  Tr 1  (1) . Cr   . 2 
In the expansion of  2x  2  , we have  2  x 
 x   

r
 1  (9 5)
Tr 1  12 Cr .(2x 2 )12r .    x3   2 
5
 x2  T6  T(51) 5 9
 (1) . C5 .   . 2 
 2  x 
 
9
12 3 (129)  1 
 T10  T91  C9 .(2x ) .   x3 
4 5
 x2  9  2 
=  C .
4   . 2 
Y
 2  x 
9
12  1 
= C3 .(2x 2 )3 .  
T
 x2  9  8  7  6 x12 32
=  .   252x 2
4  3  2  1 16 x10
I
12  11 10 1
=  8x 6 . 8. (d)

3  2 1 x 18
12
n d
N
1760  1
12 Given expansion is  x  
o
=  1760x x
x12 
I e y
6. (b) pth term from the end = (n – p + 2)th term from
B
the beginning,
F
18
5th term from the end = (12 – 5 + 2)th term
k
 1 
In the expansion of  9x   , we have
n
 3 x = 9th term
hi
N
r r
1
(18r)  1  Tr 1  (1)r . 12 Cr x (12 r) .  
T
I
18
Tr 1  C r (9x)  
3 3  x
12 8 12 (128) 1
 1   T9  T81  ( 1) . C8 .x .
 T13  T121  C12 (9x)
18 (1812)
.  x8
3 x 
12 1
12 = C4 .x 4 .
18  1  x8
= C6 (9x)6 .  
3 x 
12  11  10  9 1 495
= . 
18  17  16  15  14  13 6 6 1 4  3  2 1 x4 x4
= 9 x .
6  5  4  3  2 1 312.x 6 9. (a)
= 18564 10
 1 
7. (b) Given expansion is  x  
 2y 
9
 x3 2  Total number of terms in the expansion is 11
Given expansion is   
2
 2 x  r
 1 
Tr 1  (1)r . 10 C r x (10 r) .  
pth term from the end = (n – p + 2)th term from  2y 
the beginning
 middle term = 6th term
 5th term from the end = (9 – 5 + 2)th term
= 6th term 5
5 10 (105)  1 
= T51  (1) . C5 .x . 
 2y 
63 5 5 1
r
= x .y r 12
Tr 1  (1) . Cr .x (12 r)
. 
8
x
10. (b)
= ( 1) r . 12 C r  x (12 2r)
6
 1
General term in the expansion of  3x   is Now, 12 –2r =0  2r = 12  r = 6
 x
Tr  (1) 6 . 12 C6  12 C6
r
1
Tr 1  (1)r .6 Cr (3x)(6r) .   12  11  10  9  8  7
x = = 924
6  5  4  3  2 1
Y
= ( 1) r . 6 C r 3(6 r) x (62r) 14. (d)
T
Putting 6 – 2r = 2, we get 2r = 4  r = 2 8
 1 
I
 T3  (1)2 . 6 C 2 .3(62) x 2  2x 
65
d
6 4 r
= C2  3   81 = 1215  1 
Tr 1  ( 1) r . 8Cr (3x)(8r) .  
n
2 1
N
 2x 
11. (a)
o
I y
(8r) 1 (82r)
e
r 8
9 = (1) . Cr .3 . .x
 2 1  2
B
F
 3x 
k
5
Putting 8 – 2r = 3, we get 2r = 5  r =
n
r 2
i
 1 
Tr 1  (1)r . 9 Cr .(3x 2 )(9 r) .  
N
no term contains x3.
h
 3x  
T
I
15. (b)
r 9
= (1) . C r .3 (9 2r) (18 2r  r)
.x
10
Putting 18 – 3r = 6, we get 3r = 12  r = 4  2 1 
In the expansion of  3x  3  , we have
 3x 
 T5  (1) 4 . 9 C 4 .e1.x 6
r
 1 
9 8 7  6 Tr 1  ( 1) r . 10 C r .(3x 2 )(10 r) .  
 Coefficient of x6 = 3   378  3x 3 
4  3  2 1
12. (b) = ( 1) r . 10 C r .3(10 2r).x (20 2r 5r)
10 Putting 20 – 5r = – 15, we get 5r = 35  r = 7
 1
In the expansionof  x   , we have
 x
T8  ( 1)7 . 10C r .3(1014).x 18
r
(10 r) 1 1
10
Tr 1  C4 .x .    10 Cr x (102r) 10
=  C3 . x 15
x 34
Putting 10 – 2r = 0, we get 2r = 10  r = 5
(10  9  8) 1 18 40 15
=  x = x
10  9  8  7  6 (3  2  1) 81 27
T6  10 C5  = 252
5  4  3  2 1 16. (d)
13. (a)
(a  b  c)n  {(a  (b  c)}n
12
 1
In the expansion of  x   , we have = a n  n C1a n 1 (b  c)  n C 2 .a n 2 (b  c) 2
 x
...  n C n (b  c) n n 
{(x  y) n  (x  y) n } is  2  1
Total number of terms in this expansion  
1  100 
= 1 + 2 + 3 +... (n + 1) =
2
(n  1)(n  2)  (x  k)100  (x  k)100 has  2  1
 
17. (d) = 51 terms.
Putting n = 10, required of terms 21. (a)
1 11
=  11 12  66  2 3
2 In the expansion of  2x   , we have
 x
Y
18. (b)
r
(1  2x)6 (1  x)7 3
Tr 1  (1) r . 11Cr .(2x)(11r) .  
T
x
I
= {1  6C1.2x  6C 2 .(2x) 2  6 C3 .(2x)3  ...}
= (1) r . 11C r .2(11r).3r.x 223r
{1  7 C1.x  7 C 2 .x 2  7 C3 .x 3  ...}
d
Putting 22 – 2r = 7, we get 3r = 15  r = 5
n
N
= (1  12x  60x 2  160x 3  ...) Hence, the 6th term contans x7.
o
I y
22. (b)
e
(1  7x  21x 2  35x 2  ....)
B
9
F
Coefficient of x3 = 1 × (–35) + (12 × 21) + 3 2 1 
 In the expansion of  x   , we have
k
60 × (–7) +(160 × 1) 2 3x 
= (–35 + 252 – 420 + 160) = – 43
i n (9r) r
N
3   1 
h
19. (c) Tr 1  9Cr .  x 2  .  .( 1) r
2   3x 
T
I
n
 x
In the expansion of  2   , we have (9 2r) 1
 3
r 9
 Tr 1  ( 1) . C r .3 . .x (183r)
(9  r)
2
n Putting 18 – 3r = 0, we get r = 6
n (n r) x
Tr 1  Cr .2 .   , we have
3  the term inedependent of x
Puting r = 7 and 8, we get 6 9 3 1

= T7  ( 1) . C6 .3 .
23
T8  n C 7 .2(n 7).37 x 7 and
9 1 98 7 1 7
T9  n C8 .2 (n 8).38 x 8 = C3 .   =
8  27 3  2  1 8  27 18
 n
C7 .2(n 7).37  n C8 .2(n 8).38 23. (a)
In the expansion of (1 + x)2n, we have
n (n 8) 8
C8 2 3
. (n 7) . 7  1
 n
C7 2 3 t r 1  2n C r x 2n r
 Tn 1 2n C n x n  2n
Cn  p
(n  8  1) 1 1
   1
8 2 3 In the expansion of (1  x) 2n 1 , we have
 n – 7 = 48  n = 55 2n 1
Tr 1  Cr x 2n 1r
20. (b)
Putting 2n – 1 – r = n, we get r = n –1
When n is even, the number of term in
2n 1
 Tn  T(n 1) 1  C n 1.x n  2n 1C n 1  q
2n
p C (2n)! {(n  1)!(n!)}
  2n 1 n  
q C n 1 (n!)(n!) (2n  1)!
2n
=  2  p  2q
n
24. (a)
Tp1  (p q) Cp .x p and Tq 1  (p q) Cq .x q .
(p  q)
But Cp  (p q) C(p q)p  (p q) Cq
So, the coefficient of x p and x q are equal.
T Y
N I o n d
F I i n k B e y
I N T h
— Notes —
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Y
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I T
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n d
N
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
o
I e y
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B
F
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
n k
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
i
N h
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
T
I
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To get more sample papers,practice papers,study material (Only for CBSE XI )Join my whatsapp group at

(c) [1, 2] (d) (1, 2) (a) A = B (b) A  B

(d) n(A  B)  n(A  B) 20}. Then n(S) + n(P) is

(c) A  (A  B) (d) A  B In general A  2A.

DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : SETS : INFINITY ... Think beyond...

n k n(A) + n(B) = n(A  B)  n(A  B)

 Required number = n{(A  B)}

Required number =840 – {(450 + 300) – 200}

DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : SETS : INFINITY ... Think beyond...

RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

B e (d) none of these

(b) f is one-one function from A to B 1

(a) R (b) (, 0]

(c) [0, ) (d) none of these

(c) mn – 1 (d) 2mn  1 3 3 

(a) R (b) [0, ) 3

1 (a) 4(2 – a) (b) 2(4 – a)

n(A × B) = n(A) × n(B) is equal to the number of subsetsl of A × A

Given f (x)  x 2  3x  1 . Now f (2)  2f ( )

= (,4)  (( ,  1)  (1  ))

B e (d) 39° 10'

55 44 36. cos 15° = ?

(c)  3 (d) 3 (a) (2  3) (b) (1  2)

DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : TRIGONOMETRY : INFINITY ... Think beyond...

(c) 2 (d) none of these 3

DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : TRIGONOMETRY : INFINITY ... Think beyond...

B e (d) none of these

(c) a + b (d) a – b (a)   2n, n  I (b)   n, n  I

(d) none of these

81. The general solution of the equation cot 2   3 4. (c)

(2 )c . Angle turned ni 1 revolution = (2)c

Then, OA = OB = AB = 30cm [ cos(2n  )  cos ]

[ cosec(2n  )  cosec] sin x   3 2 

DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : TRIGONOMETRY : INFINITY ... Think beyond...

DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : TRIGONOMETRY : INFINITY ... Think beyond...

[ sinA cosB – cosA sinB = sin(A – B)]

DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : TRIGONOMETRY : INFINITY ... Think beyond...

B e( sin )(cosec)(  sin )

53. (a) 56. (a)

= r 2 cos 2  (cos 2   sin 2 )  r 2 sin 2 

2  2  2cos 4 = 2  2(1  cos 4) 74. (a)

= 2(1  cos 2)  2  2cos 2   4cos 2  1  

DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : TRIGONOMETRY : INFINITY ... Think beyond...

DEEPIKA MA’AM # 8743011101 : CLASS – XI : TRIGONOMETRY : INFINITY ... Think beyond...

19. (1  i 2) , when expressed in polar form, is 3        

(3  4i) (3  4i)  3 4   | x  i (y  5) |2 | x  i(y  5) |2

Squaring and adding, we get r 2  4  r  2 24. (c)

Then, r cos   1 and r sin   1  arg (z) + arg (z) =   (2  )  2

9. The region of XOY-plane which is represetned

(a) x  (13, 7) (b)  x  5  2x  4, 3x  6

PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS

(c) 9 (d) 10 (c) 54 (d) 56

38. There are four bus routes between A and B; ANSWERS

them as one letter.

= (1 × 8 × 7 × 1) = 56  required number of ways = 2 × 9!

14. (b) 6 girls can be aranged in a row in 5! ways.

Fixing T at the beginning and E at the end, the 21. (c)