Topic 2 Miraflor

Republic of the Philippines
MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGE

Main Campus: Boac / Branches: Santa Cruz • Torrijos • Gasan
Panfilo M. Manguera Sr. Rd., Tanza, Boac, Marinduque 4900
Tel. No.: (042) 332-2028 Email Address: sucpresident.msc@gmail.com
Website: www.marinduquestatecollege.edu.ph
Title: Public Elementary Master Teacher Innovative Leadership as Construct to Organizational

Citizenships Behaviors and Outcome.
Name of Researcher: Miraflor M. De La Torre
Course and Major: Masters of Arts in Education major in Educational Management
Rationale-
Human resources are one of the bases of competitive strength and a key part which means to
achieve success in competing for goals. Therefore, HR management for a company or industry is
a meaningful matter for public services (Ricardianto, 2018: 1). Human resources or employees
are one of the main strengths of the company in an organization and are often referred to as
determinants for achieving organizational goals, therefore organizations need high-performing
human resources or employees so that they can achieve predetermined organizational goals (Noe
et al., 2014: 121). Employee performance is one of the important work attitudes to be examined
and organizations often conduct regular surveys related to employee performance. High
employee performance can increase customer loyalty and trust (Supriyanto et al., 2020).
Employee performance is an important issue for non-profit and profit organizations, employee
performance serves as a benchmark in measuring the achievement of an organization or
institution. Performance can be simply expressed as the quality of work or the effectiveness and
efficiency of a particular program or activity (Kissi et al.,2020). One of the factors that can
improve performance is good structural power. Structural empowerment is an employee's access
to social forms in the workplace that allow them to get work done in a meaningful way.
Structural empowerment can be fulfilled in the area of activity through the route of
communication, support, data, and energy sources. This situation offers workers the opportunity
to contribute in the way of decisionmaking, assist in managing resources, and participate in the
development and growth of their work (Kanter, 1993; Nuvitasari, 2019).
One of the efforts to improve employee performance is with good leadership, organizations need
a leadership person who can support the organization in achieving its goals (Abouraia &
Othman, 2017). Leadership is a way in which an individual (superior) influences a group of
people to achieve a common goal (Northouse, 2018: 9). Transformational leadership is a
leadership approach by making efforts to change understanding, arouse enthusiasm and inspire
subordinates or groups to make extra efforts in achieving group goals, without feeling pressured
or squeezed (Luthan, 2006: 653; Prabowo et al., 2018).
To get optimal company goals is to build high employee job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is an
ordinary act to a person's profession, which proves the comparison between the amount of
appreciation that employees get and the amount that individuals believe they deserve (Robbins &
Judge, 2019: 46). Employees who feel uneasy, under-appreciated, and unable to improve all of
their abilities in their duties automatically cannot concentrate fully on their profession. Satisfied
employees are basically about employees who have individual characteristics (Jaworski et al.,
2018).
In addition to job satisfaction, it can improve employee performance, namely by increasing

attitudes, behavior and concern for fellow employees. Organizational citizenship behavior is an
attitude that arises on the basis of the wisdom of an employee who is tried in a sincere way and
there is no emphasis, this attitude passes through the official impact of his profession in an
official way, the factors that influence organizational citizenship behavior appear to be in the
industry, among others, because of the presence of a sense of satisfaction in carrying out
activities from employees, great commitment and a safe activity area (Nugrahaningtyas, et al.,
2017).
By looking at and observing the descriptions that have been stated above it is deemed necessary
to research the factors that affect OCB employees. This is what drives researchers to conduct
scientific research with the title, “Public Elementary School Master Teacher Innovative
Leadership as Construct to Organizational Citizenships Behaviors and Outcome.”
Statement of the Problem
Main Problem: this research ought to know the elementary perception on the Public Elementary
School Master Teacher Innovative Leadership as Construct to Organizational Citizenships
Behaviors and Outcome. This study specifically, aimed to answer the following questions;
What is the demographic profile of the respondents on terms of:
Age;
Sex;
Length in Service?
What is the effect of public elementary school master teacher innovative leadership as
construct to organizational citizenships behaviors and outcome in terms of:
Transformational leadership;
Job satisfaction and;
Organizational commitment?
Is there significant relationship among the effects of public elementary school master
teacher innovative leadership as construct to organization citizenships behaviors and
outcome when group according to demographic profile?
Based on the findings of the study, what is the organizational structure will develop for
OCB and outcome?
Theoretical Framework
Based on leadership theory there is one useful way to classify and research. It is by the level of
analysis. Lussier and Achua (2010) propose the three level of analysis of leadership theory are
individual, group, and organizational. The last one which used in this study is the third level of
analysis of leadership theory focuses on the organization. This level also called organizational
process. Performance in the long run depends on effectively adapting to the environment and
acquiring the necessary resources to survive, and on whether the organization uses an effective
transformation process to produce its product and services. Much of the current research at the
organizational level focuses on how top level managers can influence performance. There are
four major classification of leadership theory, also called research approaches.
Leadership theory classification include trait, behavioral, contingency, and integrative (Lussier
and Achua, 2010). the paradigm used in this study is the contingency leadership theory
paradigm, theories that attempt to explain the appropriate leadership style based on the leader,
followers, and situation. The contingency theory paradigm emphasizes the importance of
situational factors (Lussier and Achua, 2010). Leadership is seen by some as one of the most
influential predictors of innovation in organizations (Mumford et al., 2002).
Several studies have shown that effective leadership is critical to successful innovative efforts in
organizations (Yukl, 2009). To understand the complex process of how leaders can influence
subordinates on innovation, it can be seen from the theory of transformational leadership Next, J.
M. Burns first articulated the idea of transformational leadership in 1978 before Bernard Bass
expanded on it almost a decade later. Transformational leadership focuses largely on the leader’s
vision rather than on follower attributions. Transformational leadership serves to change the
status quo by articulating to followers the problems in the current system and a compelling
vision of what a new organization could be.
Conceptual Framework
The schematic diagram below exhibited the relationships among the major variables of
the study. The researcher used an Input Process Output Outcome (IPOO) model that would
further elaborate the relationships and would facilitate better understanding of the undertaken
study.
INPUT PROCESS OUPUT OUTCOME

1. The demographic The researcher will Development Harmonious
profile of the students on employ the following: of culture and
terms of: organizational organizational
Development of structure as citizenship
Age;
Survey guide of the behavior.
Sex; Questionnaire, elementary
Length in Service. Validation and teachers.
Conduct of Survey,
2. The effect of public
elementary school master Statistical Treatment
teacher innovative of Data Analysis
leadership as construct to
organizational citizenships
behaviors and outcome in
terms of:
2.1Transformational
leadership;
2.2Job satisfaction and;
2.3 Organizational
commitment.
Figure 1. The Conceptual Paradigm Showing the Public Elementary School Master
Teacher Innovative Leadership as Construct to Organizational Citizenships Behaviors and
Outcome.
The researchers will use the Input Process Output Outcome (I.P.O.O.) Model to determine the
public elementary school master teacher innovative leadership as construct to organizational
citizenships behaviors and outcome.As an input of the study, the demographic profile of the
respondents such as age, sex and length in service. The effect of public elementary school master
teacher innovative leadership as construct to organizational citizenships behaviors and outcome
in terms of: transformational leadership, job satisfaction and, organizational commitment. As the
Process of this study the researcher will employ development of survey questionnaire, validation
and conduct of survey, statistical treatment of data analysis. And as the Output of this study
which is development of organizational structure as guide of the elementary teacher. Lastly the
Outcome is to have harmonious culture and organizational citizenship behavior.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The researcher will use explanatory research with quantitative approach using a survey is employ
in this study. A survey is defined as “a method for gathering information from a sample of
individuals” (Scheuren, 2004). A five-step process for conducting survey research in
organizations was proposed by Bartlett (2005). This process consists of defining the purpose and
objectives, deciding on the sample, creating and pre-testing the instrument, contacting the
respondents, and collecting and analyzing data. Population of this research are elementary grade
teacher in Catanauan District Catanauan, Quezon. This research will use proportionate stratified
random sampling design. Once the population has been proportional in some meaningful way, a
sample of members from each stratum can be drawn using either a simple random sampling or a
systematic sampling procedure. Members represented in the sample from each part will be
proportionate to the total number of elements in the respective part. The sample size was
determined proportionately taken from elementary grade teacher in Catanauan District
Catanauan, Quezon organizational structure and counted using the Slovin’s formula with 29
elementary grade school. The instrument for this study was composed of some sections, such as:
general description information of innovative leadership, creative leadership, organizational
learning, organizational adaptation, and adaptive performance. There are items in the survey with
a 5-point Likert-type response scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The
criteria for an item are said to be valid if it has a positive correlation coefficient and is greater
than 0.3. Moreover, a research instrument is said to be reliable if the Cronbach's Alpha value is ≥
0.6 (Solimun, Fernandes, and Nurjannah, 2017). All items in this research are valid. This proved
from the Corrected item-total correlation value for all items ≥ 0.3. Reliability investigation result
of variables are reliable. This proved from the value of Cronbach's Alpha ≥ 0.6.

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Republic of the Philippines

MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGE

Title: Public Elementary Master Teacher Innovative Leadership as Construct to Organizational

Name of Researcher: Miraflor M. De La Torre

Course and Major: Masters of Arts in Education major in Educational Management

In addition to job satisfaction, it can improve employee performance, namely by increasing

Statement of the Problem

INPUT PROCESS OUPUT OUTCOME

2.2Job satisfaction and;

Teacher Innovative Leadership as Construct to Organizational Citizenships Behaviors and

public elementary school master teacher innovative leadership as construct to organizational

teacher innovative leadership as construct to organizational citizenships behaviors and outcome

Outcome is to have harmonious culture and organizational citizenship behavior.

individuals” (Scheuren, 2004). A five-step process for conducting survey research in

determined proportionately taken from elementary grade teacher in Catanauan District

general description information of innovative leadership, creative leadership, organizational

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