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Diketahui : 1.

a. Materials and labor for servicing machine tools $ 1,000,000


b. Rework costs $ 100,000
c. Expediting costs caused by work delays $ 70,000
d. Materials-handling costs $ 80,000
e. Materials-procurement and inspection costs $ 50,000
f. Preventive maintenance of equipment $ 60,000
g. Breakdown maintenance of equipment $ 60,000
Biaya Nominal Kategori
a. Materials and labor for servicing machine tools $ 1,000,000 Value-added costs

b. Rework costs $ 100,000 Nonvalue-added costs


c. Expediting costs caused by work delays $ 70,000 Nonvalue-added costs
g. Breakdown maintenance of equipment $ 60,000 Nonvalue-added costs
Total $ 230,000

d. Materials-handling costs $ 80,000 Gray area


e. Materials-procurement and inspection costs $ 50,000 Gray area
f. Preventive maintenance of equipment $ 60,000 Gray area
Total $ 190,000
2. Total biaya pada gray area $ 190,000

value added cost (65% x $190.000) $ 123,500


nonvalue added cost (35% x $190.000) $ 66,500

Total value added cost ($1.000.000 + $123.500) $ 1,123,500


Total nonvalue added cost ($230.000 + $66.500) $ 296,500
Total costs $ 1,420,000

Nonvalue-added costs ($296.500 : $1.420.000) 21%


value-added costs ($1.123.500 : $1.420.000) 79%

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