Maa HL 3.5-3.9 Trigonometric Equations and Functions

INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE
Mathematics: analysis and approaches
MAA HL
EXERCISES MAA HL 3.5-3.9

TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
Compiled by Christos Nikolaidis
TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES
A. Practice Questions
1. Find sin 15 o and cos 15 o

(a) by using the formula for cos 2 , (b) by using the formula for sin( A  B ) and cos( A  B )
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 1

MAA HL 3.5-3.9 TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
2. (a) Use the formula for cos( A  B ) to show that
 
4 cos( x  ) cos( x  )  3  2 sin 2 x
6 3
5 7
(b) Hence find the exact value of 4 cos cos
12 12
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 2

 
3. Given that sin( x  )  2 cos( x  ) , find the values of tan x , cot x and cos x .
3 6
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 3

B. Past Paper questions (SHORT)

4. [without GDC]
In triangle ABC, AB = 9 cm, AC = 12 cm, and B̂ is twice the size of Ĉ . Find the cosine of Ĉ .
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 5 marks)
5. [without GDC]
The triangle ABC has an obtuse angle at B, BC = 10.2, Â = x and B̂ = 2x.
(a) Find AC, in terms of cos x.
(b) Given that the area of triangle ABC is 52.02 cos x, find angle Ĉ .
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 4

6. Let ABC be the right-angled triangle, where Ĉ = 90. The line (AD) bisects BȂC, BD = 3, and
DC = 2, as shown in the diagram.
Find angle DȂC
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
Hint: We are looking for angle DȂC = θ, while ΒȂC = 2θ. The common side is AC = x.
Thus, express x in terms of θ and in terms of 2θ as well. An equation is generated.
Now, you may either
(i) use a double angle identity to obtain a quadratic equation, or
(ii) solve directly the initial equation by using your GDC (graphs)
Please follow both methods for practice.
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 5

7. In the diagram below, AD is perpendicular to BC, CD = 4, BD = 2 and AD = 3, CȂD = α and

BȂD = β.
Find the exact value of cos (α – β)
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
8. Let Aˆ , Bˆ , Cˆ be the angles of a triangle. Show that tan Aˆ  tan Bˆ  tan Cˆ  tan Aˆ tan Bˆ tan Cˆ .
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
Hint: Difficult question indeed! Notice that Aˆ  Bˆ  Cˆ  180 o and compare tan( Aˆ  Bˆ ) with tan Ĉ .
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 6

9. Given that asin4x + bsin2x = 0, for 0 < x <  , find an expression for cos2 x in terms of a and b.
2
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
sin 4θ 1 – cos 2θ  π π
10. Prove that = tan , for 0 <  < , and   .
cos 2θ 1 – cos 4θ  2 4
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 5 marks)
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 7
TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS
11. Complete the general solutions in the table below
sin x  a in radians in degrees
Find x    2 k x    360 k
  sin 1 a x  (   )  2k x  (180   )  360 k

x  2k x  30  360 k
1 6
sin x 
2 5 x  150  360 k
x  2k
6
2
sin x 
2
3
sin x 
2
1
sin x  
2
2
sin x  
2
3
sin x  
2
sin x  0
sin x  1
sin x  1
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 8

12. Complete the general solutions in the table below
cos x  a in radians in degrees
Find x    2k x    360 k

  cos 1 a x    2k x    360 k

x  2k x  60  360 k
1 3
cos x 
2  x  60  360 k
x  2 k
3
2
cos x 
2
3
cos x 
2
1
cos x  
2
2
cos x  
2
3
cos x  
2
cos x  0
cos x  1
cos x  1
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 9

13. Complete the general solutions the table below
tan x  a in radians in degrees
Find
x    k x    180 k
1
  tan x

tan x  3 x  k x  60  180 k
3
tan x  1
3
tan x 
3
tan x  0
3
tan x  
3
tan x  1
tan x   3
14. Write down the general solutions (in radians) for the equations
sec x  2
csc x  2
cot x  3
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 10

15. Let f ( x)  cos 2 x  cos x  1 and g ( x)  sin 2 x  sin x .

Solve the following equations in the interval 0  x  2
(a) f ( x)  0 (b) g ( x)  0 (c) f ( x)  g ( x)
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 11

16. Solve the following equations in the interval 0  x  2
(a) sin 3 x  sin x (b) 2 sin 3 x  sin x (c) 4 cos 3 x  cos x
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 12

17. Solve the following equations in the interval 0  x  2
(a) sin 2 x  2 3 cos 2 x (b) sec 2 x  2 (c) 3 csc 2 x  4
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 13

18. (a) Solve the equation sin 5 x  sin 3 x , 0  x   .

(b) (i) Explain why sin(  x )   sin x
(ii) Hence, solve the equation sin 5 x  sin 3 x  0 , 0  x   .
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 14

19. (a) Solve the equation cos 5 x  cos 3 x , 0 x

(b) (i) Explain why cos(  x )   cos x
(ii) Hence, solve the equation cos 5 x  cos 3 x  0 , 0 x
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 15

20. Solve the equations

(a) cos 5 x  sin 3 x , 0 x .
(b) cos 5 x  sin 3 x  0 , 0  x   .
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 16

21. Solve the equations

(a) cos(2 arcsin x)  0.68 , by applying a double angle identity.
(b) arctan x  arctan 2 x  arctan 2 , by applying tan( A  B )
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 17
22. (a) Write down the domain and the range of the function f ( x)  arctan x .
(b) By applying tan, find the values of

1 1
A  arctan  arctan , B  arctan 2  arctan 3
3 2
1 2 3
C  arctan  arctan 2 , D  arctan  arctan
3 3 2
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 18

Questions 23-25 : without GDC.
 
23. Solve 2 sin x = tan x, where – x .
2 2
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 5 marks)
 
24. Solve tan 2 2  1 , in the interval   
2 2
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 5 marks)
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 19

25. The angle θ satisfies the equation 2 tan2 θ – 5secθ – 10 = 0, where θ is in the second quadrant.
Find the exact value of sec θ.
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
Extra question (by GDC)
(a) Solve the equation 2 tan2 θ – 5secθ – 10 = 0 in the interval       , by using the values of
sec θ found above.
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(b) Confirm the result, either by using SolveN or by sketching a suitable graph.
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 20

Questions 26-27 , with GDC
A. Solve analytically to end up with single equations of the form sinx = a, cosx = a, tanx = a
B. Confirm by SolveN
C. Confirm by a graph.
26. Find all the values of θ in the interval [0, ] which satisfy the equation cos2 = sin2.
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
27. The angle  satisfies the equation tan + cot = 3. Find all the possible values of  in [0°, 90°].
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 21

TRIGONOMETRIC GRAPHS (without GDC)
28. Sketch the graphs of the functions

(a) f ( x )  sin 4 x , 0  x   (b) f ( x)  sin( x ) , 0  x  4
(c) f ( x )  sin 4 x ,    x  
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 22

29. (a) Sketch the graph of y  cos(4 x ) , in the interval 0  x   .
(b) On the same diagram sketch the graph of y  sec(4 x ) , for 0  x   ,

by indicating clearly the equations of any asymptotes.
(c) Use your sketch to solve
(i) the equation sec(4 x )  1 , for 0  x   .
(ii) the inequality cos(4 x )  0 , for 0  x   .
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 23

30. Consider the function f ( x )  csc( x ) .
(a) Sketch the graph of y  sin( x ) , in the interval 0  x  4 .

(b) On the same diagram sketch the graph of y  f (x ) , for 0  x  4 ,
by indicating clearly the equations of any asymptotes.
(c) Solve the equation f ( x )  1 , for 0  x  4 .
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 24


πx
31. The graph of y  cos x is transformed into the graph of y  8  2 cos . Find a sequence of
6
simple geometric transformations that does this.
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
32. The graph below represents f ( x )  a sin( x  b)  c , where a,b, and c are constants.
Find values for a, b, and c .
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
Extra questions
(b) Write down the number of solutions of the equation f ( x)  2 ,  2π  x  2 π _________
(c) Consider the equation f ( x)  k , in the interval  2π  x  2π . Write down the values of k,
given that the equation has
(i) exactly 2 solutions: ________________ (ii) exactly 4 solutions: ________________
(iii) no solutions: ________________
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 25

33. The depth, h(t) metres, of water at the entrance to a harbor at t hours after midnight on a
particular day is given by
(a) Find the maximum depth and the minimum depth of the water __________________
(b) Find the values of t for which h(t )  8 . ____________________________________
(Total 6 marks)
34.
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 26
35. The diagram below shows the boundary of the cross-section of a water channel.
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 27

TRIGONOMETRIC GRAPHS (with GDC)
36. Let f ( x)  2 sin(3 x  1) and g ( x )  x 2 .

(a) Describe the sequence of transformations from y  sin x to f (x )
(b) Solve the inequality
f ( x )  g ( x) .
(i) by sketching the graphs of the functions f and g
(ii) by sketching the graph of one function only.
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 28

37. (a) Sketch the graph of f (x) = sin 3x + sin 6x, 0 < x < 2.
(b) Write down the exact period of the function f. ___________________________

(Total 5 marks)
πx
38. Consider the functions f ( x )  e 2 x and g ( x)  sin .
2
(a) Find the period of the function f g
(b) Find the intervals for which ( f g ( x))  4
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 29

1
39. Let f be the function f ( x )  x arccos x  x for  1  x  1 and
2
g the function g ( x)  cos 2 x for  1  x  1 .
(a) On the grid below, sketch the graph of f and of g.
(b) Write down the solution of the equation f ( x)  g ( x) . _______________
(c) Write down the range of g. ______________________

(Total 6 marks)
40. A system of equations is given by

cos x  cos y  1.2 sin x  sin y  1.4
(a) For each equations express y in terms of x.
(b) Hence solve the system for 0  x  π , 0  y  π .
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 30

C. Past Paper Questions (LONG)

(Please answer on separate answer sheets)
41. (a) Using the formula for cos( A  B ) and suitable double angle identities or any other
appropriate trigonometric identity, prove the following triple angle identity
cos 3  4 cos 3   3 cos  , [3 marks]
(b) Find a similar expression for sin 3 in terms of sin  only. [3 marks]
(c) Find the exact values of cosθ that satisfy the equation cos 3  11 cos 2  [2 marks]
(d) Hence or otherwise, solve the equation cos 3  11 cos 2  , 0  x  π . [2 marks]
42. [past paper question slightly modified]
2 1
(a) Show that   arctan  arctan (4)
x x
ax
(b) Express θ in the form   arctan , where a, b  R (3)
x b
2
(c) Find the maximum value of angle θ, and the value of x where this maximum occurs. (2)
(d) Find where the observer should stand so that the angle of vision is 15o. (3)
(Total 12 marks)
43. (a) Show that cos(A + B) + cos(A – B) = 2 cosAcosB (2)

(b) Let Tn(x) = cos(n arccosx) where x is a real number, x  [–1, 1] and n is a positive integer.
(i) Find T1(x).
(ii) Show that T2(x) = 2x2 – 1. (5)
(c) (i) Use the result in part (a) to show that Tn+1(x) + Tn–1(x) = 2xTn(x).
(ii) Hence or otherwise, prove by induction that Tn(x) is a polynomial of degree n. (12)
(Total 19 marks)
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 31

44. [slightly modified]

The function f is defined by f ( x )  cosec x  tan 2 x .
π π
(a) Sketch the graph of f for   x  . Hence state
2 2
(i) the x-intercepts;
(ii) the equations of the asymptotes;
(iii) the coordinates of the maximum and minimum points. (8)
(b) Show that the roots of f ( x )  0 satisfy the equation
2 cos 3 x  2 cos 2 x  2 cos x  1  0 (5)

(c) Show that f ( π  x)  f ( π  x)  0 (4)
(Total 17 marks)
45. [without GDC]
(Total 21 marks)
46. (a) Sketch the graph of the function

1
C ( x)  cos x  cos 2 x for –2  x  2 (5)
2
(b) Prove that the function C(x) is periodic and state its period. (3)
(c) For what values of x, –2  x  2, is C(x) a maximum? (2)
(d) Let x = x0 be the smallest positive value of x for which C(x) = 0. Find an approximate
value of x0 which is correct to two significant figures. (2)
(e) (i) Prove that C(x) = C(–x) for all x. (2)
(ii) Let x = x1 be that value of x,  < x < 2, for which C(x) = 0. Find the value of x1 in
terms of x0. (2)
(Total 16 marks)
NOTICE. In fact, the following question is not part of the syllabus anymore! But it is interesting!
 π
47. The function f with domain 0,  is defined by f (x) = cos x + 3 sin x.
 2
π
This function may also be expressed in the form R cos(x – ) where R > 0 and 0 < α < .
2
(a) Find the exact value of R and of α. [Hint: expand R cos(x – ) and compare with f ] (3)
(b) Find the range of the function f. (3)
(c) Find the exact value of x satisfying the equation f(x) = 2 . (3)
(Total 9 marks)
(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 32

Maa HL 3.5-3.9 Trigonometric Equations and Functions

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Maa HL 3.5-3.9 Trigonometric Equations and Functions

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE

Mathematics: analysis and approaches

EXERCISES MAA HL 3.5-3.9

Compiled by Christos Nikolaidis

1. Find sin 15 o and cos 15 o

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 1

2. (a) Use the formula for cos( A  B ) to show that

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 2

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 3

B. Past Paper questions (SHORT)

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 4

Find angle DȂC

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 5

7. In the diagram below, AD is perpendicular to BC, CD = 4, BD = 2 and AD = 3, CȂD = α and

Find the exact value of cos (α – β)

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 6

11. Complete the general solutions in the table below

sin x  a in radians in degrees

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 8

12. Complete the general solutions in the table below

cos x  a in radians in degrees

Find x    2k x    360 k

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 9

13. Complete the general solutions the table below

tan x  a in radians in degrees

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 10

15. Let f ( x)  cos 2 x  cos x  1 and g ( x)  sin 2 x  sin x .

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 11

16. Solve the following equations in the interval 0  x  2

(a) sin 3 x  sin x (b) 2 sin 3 x  sin x (c) 4 cos 3 x  cos x

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 12

17. Solve the following equations in the interval 0  x  2

(a) sin 2 x  2 3 cos 2 x (b) sec 2 x  2 (c) 3 csc 2 x  4

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 13

18. (a) Solve the equation sin 5 x  sin 3 x , 0  x   .

(ii) Hence, solve the equation sin 5 x  sin 3 x  0 , 0  x   .

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 14

19. (a) Solve the equation cos 5 x  cos 3 x , 0 x

(ii) Hence, solve the equation cos 5 x  cos 3 x  0 , 0 x

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 15

20. Solve the equations

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 16

21. Solve the equations

(b) arctan x  arctan 2 x  arctan 2 , by applying tan( A  B )

(b) By applying tan, find the values of

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 18

B. Past Paper questions (SHORT)

Questions 23-25 : without GDC.

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 19

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 20

Questions 26-27 , with GDC

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 21

TRIGONOMETRIC GRAPHS (without GDC)

28. Sketch the graphs of the functions

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 22

29. (a) Sketch the graph of y  cos(4 x ) , in the interval 0  x   .

(b) On the same diagram sketch the graph of y  sec(4 x ) , for 0  x   ,

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 23

30. Consider the function f ( x )  csc( x ) .

(a) Sketch the graph of y  sin( x ) , in the interval 0  x  4 .

(MAA HL 3.5-3.9) – Page 24

B. Past Paper questions (SHORT)

(i) exactly 2 solutions: (ii) exactly 4 solutions: