1

DON MARIANO MARCOS MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY

MID LA UNION CAMPUS
La Union Philippines

COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT

Introduction to MICE Management

(HMGT 105)

EDREN F. RAMIREZ
Instructor-1

3
GRADING SYSTEM Course Outline

In
OBJECTIVES
INTRODUCTION
Introduction to MICE Management
(HMGT 105)
¥COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course is intended for students taking up Hospitality Management. It is focused on
giving a comprehensive view of the principles of conceptualizing, planning, managing,
promoting, funding and evaluating MICE events. Topics on risk management, professional ethics
and the changes affecting the convention industry shall also be included in the discussion.
Lessons are presented in a simple and easy to understand manner suitable for the students

At the end of the course, the students should be able to:

1. Explain the basic knowledge and concept of the MICE industry.

2. Explain the characteristics of the MICE industry compared to the

tourism industry.

3. Explain the unique characteristics of businesses in the MICE industry.

1. Regularly attend the class

2. Have active class participation

3. Take the oral and written quizzes

4. Take and pass the required periodical examination; and

5. Submit the required case analysis, class activities before the end of the
term

Module Assignments – 40%

Case Analysis, Class Activities
Midterm/Final Examination - 60%

Total 100%

COURSE CONTENT

Module I THE M.I.C.E. INDUSTRIES

 Lesson 1 The Meaning and Importance of MICE Industries

Lesson 2 The Key Players in the Industry

Lesson 3 Meeting Management

Lesson 4 Characteristics of a meeting planner

Lesson 5 Roles of Meeting Planners

Module II Meeting Responsibilities

Lesson 1 Pre- meeting Responsibilities

Lesson 2 Meeting Technology

Lesson 3 Planning Meetings, Exhibitions and Conventions Part 1

Lesson 4 Planning Meetings, Exhibitions and Conventions Part 2

Lesson 5 Negotiations and Contracts

Module III Planning Meetings, Exhibitions and Conventions Part 3

Lesson 1 Formulating Committees

Lesson 2 Food and Beverage Functions
Lesson 3 Evaluation
Lesson 4 Basic Facts About Events
Lesson 5 Marketing Events

Module IV Event Proposal

Lesson 1 Funding of Events

Lesson 2 Risk Management

Lesson 3 The Role of Ethics in Convention Management

Lesson 4 Formulation of Event Proposal

Lesson 5 Events Management Services NC III

 MODULE I
THE M.I.C.E. INDUSTRIES

Lesson 1 The Meaning and Importance of MICE Industries

Lesson 2 The Key Players in the Industry
Lesson 3 Meeting Management
Lesson 4 Characteristics of a meeting
planner
Lesson 5 Roles of Meeting Planners

MODULE I
THE M.I.C.E. INDUSTRIES

This module gives you ideas about the meaning and importance of MICE
Industries. It is focused on giving a comprehensive view of the principles of
conceptualizing, planning, managing, promoting, funding and evaluating MICE
 events. Topics on risk management, professional ethics and the changes
affecting the convention industry shall also be included in the discussion.
Lessons are presented in a simple and easy to understand manner suitable for
the students

After studying the module, you should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of MICE
2. Define meeting, incentive, conference, convention, exhibition, exposition, and
event

3. Describe the role of the MICE industry in the tourism and hospitality industry

4. Identify the components of the MICE industry

5. Describe the history of the MICE industry

6. Explain the growth of the MICE industry

7. Discuss the importance of the MICE industry
8. Describe the key players in the MICE industry and discuss the roles of key players
in the tourism and hospitality industry
?
9. Explain the meaning of a MICE planner
SUMMATIVE TEST
10. Understand the characteristics of successful MICE planner

11. Explain the responsibilities of MICE planners and discuss the activities of MICE
planners

There are five lessons in the module. Read each lesson carefully then
answer the exercises/activities to find out how much you have benefited from
it. Work on these exercises carefully and submit your output to your instructor.

Good luck and happy reading!!!

Lesson 1

The Meaning and Importance of MICE Industries

MICE – Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions

What is the meaning / definition of MICE in the hospitality industry?

The acronym MICE stands for Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and

Exhibitions. It refers to a group of tourism that plans, books and organises
conferences, seminars and other events. The industry is nowadays often also
referred to as the meeting industry and event industry, to avoid the affiliation
with rodents.

The MICE industry is one of the hospitality industries most profitable

sectors, as MICE travellers typically spend large amount of their budget on-site.
MICE groups use the hotels banquet facilities the most, making them highly
important for many hotels. Some hotels are even geared towards this type of
business, such as conference/ convention hotels. These bookings are usually
planned a year or two in advance to give proper notice to the hotel and
outlets.

Meetings:

Meetings, refers to any kind of occasion where multiple people come together
with a particular interest in mind/ uncommon, often for business.

Incentives:

Incentive tourism is a result of organisations rewarding their employees for

meeting or exceeding on goals set. They are therefore rewarded with a stay at
a hotel to incentivise further work.

Conferences:

Conferences are similar to meetings as they also have a common interest, topic
or reason for exchange. Though conferences are generally larger and often are
spread over multiple days.

Events:

Events refers to any planned public or social occasion. Examples of such are
range from Weddings, Company Parties, and Graduation Celebrations etc.

Importance of MICE

1. The meetings and events industry creates more direct jobs than large
 manufacturing sectors such as automotive, chemicals, and food. The industry
also employs more workers than the telecommunications sector or oil and gas
2. Financial benefits that meetings tourism can bring to a destination, are quite
substantial. Putting an end to the seasonal nature of a destinations is one of
these. Normally meetings are organized outside of the holiday periods, this
means that the financial benefits generated are spread over the year more
uniformly and the jobs created by the tourism industry become more
stable.
3. The average daily spend by a business traveler is double or triple that of a
holiday traveler, and a high percentage of these business travelers will return to
the destination at a later date for a leisure trip or even take the opportunity to
extend their stay and discover more about the city or destination.

    

       Learning Exercise No.1 (will be sent thru google forms)

Multiple Choice: Read the statement Carefully and choose the best answer 10
points

1. The acronym MICE stands for;

a. Meetings, Incovenience, Conferences, Exhibitions
b. Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, Experiences
c. Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, Exhibitions

d. Meetings, Incentives, Confessions, Exhibitions

2. The MICE industry is one of the most ___________ sectors, as MICE travelers
typically spend large amount of their budget on-site.

a. Achievable

b. Profitable
c. Unbelievable
d. Undeniable
3. Refers to any kind of occasion where multiple people come together with a
particular interest in mind/ uncommon, often for business.

4. Refers to any planned public or social occasion. Examples of such are range from
Weddings, Company Parties, and Graduation Celebrations etc.

5. Are generally larger and often are spread over multiple days.

6. Is a result of organization’s rewarding their employees for meeting or exceeding

on goals set

7. TRUE or FALSE: The average daily spend by a business traveler is double or triple
that of a holiday traveler, and a low percentage of these business travelers will
return to the destination at a later date for a leisure trip or even take the
opportunity to extend their stay and discover more about the city or
destination.

8. TRUE or FALSE: The meetings and events industry creates less direct jobs than
large manufacturing sectors such as automotive, chemicals, and food. The
industry also employs more workers than the telecommunications sector or oil
and gas

9. TRUE or FALSE: Financial benefits that meetings tourism can bring to a

destination, are quite substantial.

10. TRUE or FALSE: MICE groups use the hotels banquet facilities the most, making
them highly important for many hotels.
Lesson 2

                         

The Key Players in the Industry

• The size of the convention and meetings industry has greatly expanded.  These
players are the following:
1. Association
2. Convention Centers
3. Conference Centers
4. Corporate Meeting: Planners
5. Independent Meeting Planners
6. Tour Operators
7. Tradeshows and Expositions
8. Hotels
9. Conventions and Visitors Bureaus
10. Incentive Travel

1. Associations

Association may refer to:

• Club (organization), an association of two or more people united by a common

interest or goal
• Trade association, an organization founded and funded by businesses that
operate in a specific industry
• Voluntary association, a body formed by individuals to accomplish a purpose,
usually as volunteers

2. Convention Centers

• is a large building that is designed to hold a convention, where individuals and

groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers
typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand
attendees.
• typically have at least one auditorium and may also contain concert halls, lecture
halls, meeting rooms, and conference rooms. Some large resort area hotels
include a convention center.

3. Conference Centers
• a large venue designed for conferences often consisting of a large hall as well as
a number of smaller lecture rooms and other facilities.
• specializes in conferencing. Its focus is meetings. Its main customer base is
corporates, government, universities. A hotel, motel, guesthouse that provides
accommodation for many kinds of customers - holiday makers, families,
weddings - that are often not in the best interests of conference clients seeking
a quiet, distraction free environment.

4. Corporate Meeting: Planners

• Corporate planners are responsible for organizing business meetings including

intimate dinners, trade shows and board meetings. Since these events often
take place in an office setting, corporate planners must deal with organizing
meetings under tight deadlines. If the meeting is out of the office, the
corporate planner, along with support staff, must choose a venue at which to
hold the event. Other duties include selecting a caterer, securing a keynote
speaker, sending out invitations and handling seating arrangements.

5. Independent Meeting Planners

• Meeting planners are professional decision makers who manage all facets of
meeting preparation and presentation. Depending on their employer, meeting
planners may be known as association executives, corporate meeting planners,
or independent meeting planners. An association executive plans meetings for
a small business association or organization. A corporate meeting planner is
employed by a large company or business. An independent meeting planner
works on a freelance basis for businesses that do not have meeting planners on
staff.

6. Tour Operator
• Typically combines tour and travel components to create a package holiday. They
advertise and produce brochures to promote their products, holidays and
itineraries.
• The most common example of a tour operator's product would be a flight on a
charter airline plus a transfer from the airport to a hotel and the services of a
&
local representative, all for one price. each tour operators may specialise in
The Key
destinations, e.g. Italy, activities Players ine.g.
and experiences, theskiing, or a combination
thereof. Industry

7. Tradeshows and Expositions

• Trade show, trade exhibition, trade exposition, or expo) is an exhibition

organized so that companies in a specific industry can showcase and
demonstrate their latest products and services, meet with industry partners
and customers, study activities of rivals, and examine recent market trends
 and opportunities. In contrast to consumer fairs, only some trade fairs are open
to the public, while others can only be attended by company representatives
(members of the trade, e.g. professionals) and members of the press,
• Trade shows are classified as either "public" or "trade only". A few fairs are
hybrids of the two; one example is the Frankfurt Book Fair, which is trade only
for its first three days and open to the general public on its final two days.
They are held on a continuing basis in virtually all markets and normally attract
companies from around the globe. For example, in the U.S., there are
currently over 10,000 trade shows held every year, and several online
directories have been established to help organizers, attendees, and marketers
identify appropriate events.

8. Hotels

• A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis.

Facilities provided inside a hotel room may range from a modest-quality
mattress in a small room to large suites with bigger, higher-quality beds, a
dresser, a refrigerator and other kitchen facilities, upholstered chairs, a flat
screen television, and en-suite bathrooms.
• Small, lower-priced hotels may offer only the most basic guest services and
facilities. Larger, higher-priced hotels may provide additional guest facilities
such as a swimming pool, business center (with computers, printers, and other
office equipment), childcare, conference and event facilities, tennis or
basketball courts, gymnasium, restaurants, day spa, and social function
services.
• Hotel rooms are usually numbered (or named in some smaller hotels and B&Bs) to
allow guests to identify their room. Some boutique, high-end hotels have
custom decorated rooms. Some hotels offer meals as part of a room and board
arrangement. In the United Kingdom, a hotel is required by law to serve food
and drinks to all guests within certain stated hours.In Japan, capsule hotels
provide a tiny room suitable only for sleeping and shared bathroom facilities

9. Conventions and Visitors Bureaus

• A convention and visitor bureau is a “destination marketing” organization.

• Most convention and visitor bureaus are not-for-profit organizations that work
independently under the auspices of a board of directors.
• The fundamental mission of a convention and visitor bureau is the promotion of
visitor and business travel, which generates overnight lodging for a destination.
They are directly responsible for travel and tourism "product awareness" to
visitors.
• Billions of direct and indirect revenue, and taxes are generated into the state
and local economy due to the marketing efforts of convention and visitor
bureaus.

10. Incentive Travel

• Incentive travel is the reward element of an incentive, recognition, or loyalty

program, which takes the form of an all-expenses paid trip with a program of
scheduled events and activities.

INCENTIVE PROGRAMS
• Incentive, recognition, and loyalty programs (from here on referred to as just
‘incentive programs’) are used by companies as a motivational tool to achieve
certain business objectives, for example to increase sales.

• Participants—which might be the company’s employees, distributors / re-sellers,

or customers—usually have to qualify by achieving a certain level of
performance, pre-defined by the terms of the incentive program, e.g.
 achieving pre-set sales targets.

• Those that meet the relevant criteria are then rewarded by taking part in the
incentive travel trip (sometimes referred to as the ‘award’). These are usually
group trips with a set itinerary where all those qualifying take part in the same
program of events and activities, however individual incentive trips are also
used by some companies.

INCENTIVE TRIPS/AWARDS
• To fulfill the award, the company will use some form of event / meeting planner
to co-ordinate the trip and design the itinerary, including all travel
arrangements, accommodation, receptions, dinners, activities, excursions,
entertainment, and special events.

• Often, this will involve the meeting planner hiring a Destination Management
Company (DMC), located in the city where the event is being held, to assist
them in booking and managing local elements, such as restaurants, venues,
transport, staffing, production, décor, entertainment, activities, and
excursions.

http://becomeaneventplanner.org/incentive-travel.html#IT

Learning Exercise No.2 (Google Forms)

Fill in the blanks: Read the statement carefully and fill out the missing words.

1. Voluntary ________, a body formed by individuals to accomplish a purpose,

usually as volunteers.

2. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to ________ several

thousand attendees.

3. An accommodation for many kinds of guest that are often not in the best
_______ of conference clients seeking a quiet environment.

4. Corporate planners are responsible for organizing business meetings including

_______ dinners, trade shows and board meetings.

5. Meeting planners are professional decision makers who manage all ______ of
meeting preparation and presentation.

6. Tour operator _________ and produce brochures to promote their products,

holidays and itineraries.

7. Trade show is an exhibition organized so that companies in a specific industry

can _______ products and services,

8. In the United Kingdom, a hotel is required by law to serve food and drinks to all
guests within certain stated ________.

9. A convention and visitor bureau is a _________ _________” organization.

10. __________ ____________is the reward element of an incentive which takes
the form of an all-expenses paid trip.

Lesson 3
                               

The ability to successfully organize and assemble a group of people with

shared interests, usually in a formal setting, for the purpose of discussions is
known as meeting management skill. Effective meeting management involves
planning and organizing well-structured meetings where members of the team
can accomplish more in less time.

Within an organization, various types of meetings are conducted where

information sharing takes place e.g. for the purpose of problem-solving,
planning, decision making, or a general staff meeting. Such meetings serve as
an important means for coordination between teams and constitute a
significant part of the life of every organization.

Why is meeting management important?

According to studies conducted, about 30% of the work time of an

average employee is spent in meetings. It is believed that only 38% of the true
meaning and feeling of any message is conveyed by the manner in which things
are said, 7% is carried by the choice of words and the remaining 55%, which is
the largest fraction, is carried by facial expressions and other non-verbal cues.
These statistics obviously make written memos and telephonic conferences
relatively less important than face-to-face meetings.

Therefore, if meetings are so important, so is the ability to manage

them effectively. Cost efficiency serves as the primary importance of meeting
management skills. The more organized a meeting is, the lesser time will be
wasted by employees, resulting in increased productivity and revenues for the
organization.

Good meeting management skills also ensure valuable contribution by all

team members, which helps in finding the optimum solutions for issues at
hand. Meeting management also plays an important role in improving
communication, interpersonal relationships, teamwork, as well as employee
morale and satisfaction.

How to improve meeting management skills?

 Since effective meetings are indispensable to the success of an
organization, the success of your job as well as your career depends to a great
extent on your meeting management skills. Following are the tips that will help
you improve:

Begin by communicating the purpose. Within the first five to seven

minutes, outline the purpose of the meeting very clearly by telling what goals
and objectives you wish to accomplish through this meeting. Also use this time
to set a foundation, establish certain parameters, and decide a timeframe to
run the meeting in.

Encourage participation by all. In order to make a meeting more

effective, you must be able to manage it in a way that allows for open
discussions. The participants of the meeting who are shy or reluctant should be
given equal opportunity and encouragement to share their opinions and
contribute their ideas.

Press for closure. A decision is not necessarily made at the end of the
meeting only. There can be several items on the agenda of a meeting. To
ensure that the members do not lose track of time or topic, press for closure
after a decision is made for each and every item on the agenda. Summarize the
main point at each step i.e. the end of every discussion, as well as at the end
of the meeting. Allocate the roles and responsibilities and have everyone
acknowledge their agreement.

Learning Activity No.3

TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is incorrect.

1. The ability to organize and assemble a group of people with shared interests,
usually in a formal setting, for the purpose of discussions is known as meeting
management.

2. The meeting management involves planning and organizing well-structured

meetings where members of the team can accomplish less in  time.

3. In the association, various types of meetings are conducted where information

sharing takes place e.g. for the purpose of problem-solving, planning, decision
making, or a general staff meeting.

4. According to research conducted, about 30% of the work time of an average

employee is spent in meetings.

5. The more organized a meeting is, the more time will be wasted by employees,
resulting in increased productivity and revenues for the organization.

6. Meeting management plays a significant role in improving communication,

interpersonal relationships, teamwork, as well as employee morale and
satisfaction.

7. Within the first four to eight minutes, outline the purpose of the meeting very
clearly by telling what goals and objectives you wish to accomplish through this
meeting.

8. In order to make a meeting more effective, you must be able to manage it in a

way that allows for close discussions.

9. A decision is not necessarily made at the end of the meeting only.

10. Finalize the roles and responsibilities and have everyone acknowledge their
agreement.
 Lesson 4

& Characteristics of a Meeting Planner

                           

The role of an event planner is rarely easy, but it can be extremely

rewarding. However, event planning isn’t a career for everyone. The event
planning industry can be extremely stressful and requires you to have
seemingly never-ending energy.

& words, it takes a special kind of person to thrive in event

In other
planning. In addition to event planning knowledge and skills, your personality
Meeting Management
needs to be a good fit if you want to be one of the most successful event
planners. With that in mind, here are 10 traits and skills the best event
planners share. How many do you have already?
1. PRIORITIZATION

Is the activity that arranges items or activities in order of importance

relative to each other. In the context of medical evaluation it is the
establishment of the importance or the urgency of actions that are necessary
to preserve the welfare of client or patient.

Event planners typically have bursting calendars and rely on long

checklists to make sure they get things done. If you don’t have great
prioritization skills, you’ll get overwhelmed and fall behind schedule very
quickly. One checklist isn’t good enough. You’ll need to write and rewrite your
checklist dozens of times as you plan an event.
2. AGILITY

Agility or nimbleness is an ability to change the body's position

efficiently, and requires the integration of isolated movement skills using a
combination of balance, coordination, speed, reflexes, strength and
endurance. Agility is the ability to change the direction of the body in an
efficient and effective manner

Everything will not go as planned. That’s the one thing you can count on
as an event planner. There will be obstacles, last-minute changes, and
unexpected problems that pop up along the way. To be a successful event
planner, you need to be flexible enough that these bumps in the road don’t
slow you down.
3. ORGANIZATION

There are so many parts and pieces to the puzzle that is event
management. If you’re not an organized person, critical pieces of that puzzle
will fall through the cracks. You need to keep moving toward your end goal (the
big event) while managing all of the details and without forgetting anything.
4. DECISION-MAKING

Decision making is the process of making choices by identifying a

decision, gathering information, and assessing alternative resolutions. Using a
step-by-step decision-making process can help you make more deliberate,
thoughtful decisions by organizing relevant information and defining
alternatives.

Often, decisions have to be made on the fly in event planning. You might
not get much lead time before you need to make a critical decision. That
means you need to be able to make large and small decisions with strategic
consideration sometimes and instant decisions with little time to think at other
times.
5. QUICK THINKING

Change is your only constant in event planning and problems are

common. Don’t let that deter you from pursuing an event planning career. It
can be very rewarding, but to be a successful event planner, you need to be a
quick thinker. The band didn’t show up. The lighting isn’t working. Tickets
aren’t selling like you thought they would. You need to be able to come up with
quick solutions to keep your event on track.
6. LEADERSHIP

Leadership is both a research area and a practical skill encompassing the

ability of an individual, group or organization to "lead", influence or guide other
individuals, teams, or entire organizations.

As an event planner, you’ll be working with a lot of people. These could

include your own team members, a client’s team members, the venue staff,
concessions staff, parking contractors, volunteers, and more. You need to have
the confidence to lead all of these people toward a common goal, which is to
hold a successful event. You need to be able to build a team and manage it to
reach its full performance potential.

7. MULTI-TASKING
Human multitasking is the ability to perform more than one task or
activity at the same time, such as speaking on the phone while driving a car.
Multitasking can result in time wasted due to human context switching and
becoming prone to errors due to insufficient attention. If one becomes
proficient at two tasks it is possible to rapidly shift attention between the tasks
and perform the tasks well.
If you prefer to work on just one task at a time, then event planning
isn’t the right career choice for you. Event planners are constantly juggling
multiple tasks, priorities, and problems. If you can’t multi-task and stay
organized and calm at the same time, event planning will be particularly
challenging for you.

8. NEGOTIATION

Is a method by which people settle differences. It is a process by which

compromise or agreement is reached while avoiding argument and dispute. In
any disagreement, individuals understandably aim to achieve the best possible
outcome for their position (or perhaps an organisation they represent).

Event planners have to negotiate contracts with vendors, compensation

with staff, fees from clients, and much more. Not many people are naturally
good negotiators. If you are, then you’re already one step closer to being a
successful event planner.

9. COMMUNICATIONS
An event planner who isn’t a good communicator will have a very hard
time organizing successful events. In your role, you’ll communicate via email,
text, phone, and in-person with a variety of people. You’ll need to be able to
adjust your communication style to match your audience and effectively push
your event forward while maintaining positive relationships with everyone you
come into contact with. It’s both an art and a science.

10. DEDICATION
You need to be dedicated to the event planning industry with a real
passion for it to be truly successful. The reason is simple. Event planning
requires a massive amount of time and energy. It’s extremely stressful, and the
compensation doesn’t always match what you put into it. In fact, according to
research by CareerCast, event planning ranked as the fifth most stressful job in
2017. You need to love what you do to excel as an event planner.

Learning Activity No. 4 (To be sent thru google forms)

Identification: Identify what is asked in the following;

1. Other term for nimbleness.

2. Is the activity that arranges items or activities in order of importance relative to

each other.

3. Managing all of the details and without forgetting anything.

4. Is the process of making choices by identifying a decision, gathering information,
and assessing alternative resolutions.

5. To be a successful event planner you should be able to keep think quick solutions
to keep your event on track.

6. You need to love what you do to excel as an event planner.

7. Is a method by which people settle differences.

8. It’s both an art and a science.

9. is the ability to perform more than one task or activity at the same time
10. Is both a research area and a practical skill encompassing the ability of an
individual, group or organization to "lead", influence or guide other individuals,
teams, or entire organizations.

Lesson 5
                                 

Meeting planners are professional decision makers who manage all facets
of meeting preparation and presentation. Depending on their employer,
meeting planners may be known as association executives, corporate meeting
planners, or independent meeting planners. An association executive plans
meetings for a small business association or organization. A corporate meeting
planner is employed by a large company or business. An independent meeting
planner works on a freelance basis for businesses that do not have meeting
planners on staff.

All meeting planners have similar responsibilities, which include

establishing meeting objectives, selecting and inspecting the meeting site,
scheduling the meeting, budgeting expenses, lining up speakers, and
negotiating with suppliers of materials, food, and entertainment. In addition,
meeting planners may make travel arrangements and provide audiovisual and
technical equipment when needed.

Meeting and event planners oversee coordination and execution of

professional and personal events. Roles vary somewhat by the nature of the
event, but generally, planners are in charge of ensuring guests have a positive
experience. A bachelor's degree in hospitality management is common, though
some event planners work independently without one.

The roles include the following:

1. Consultation

Typically, an event planner first meets with potential clients for a

consultation. This is when the client or representative lays out his needs for
the event and asks questions of the planner. Once you understand the client's
needs, you discuss details including preferred dates, location, number of goods
and other specifics. At this first visit, you also explain your role during the
planning phase and the day of the event. You also tell the client anything he
needs to do during this process and discuss your fees.

2. Select Venue
 In some cases, clients select a venue or have one already lined up.
Often, though, part of your duties as the planner is to find the right venue and
reserve it for the preferred date. Geographic location, setting, space and
functionality are common considerations. For a meeting event, hotels and
convention halls are standard locations.

3. Transportation
Event planners may also manage transportation to and from the event
and during the event for out-of-town guests. For a conference that includes
people flying in from other areas, the planner may coordinate with a travel
agent to set up flights. Shuttle service, buses and other ground transports may
also be used. Some events take place over a few days in different local venues.
Planners may rent buses to transport guests around during these events.

4. Coordinate Details
Coordinating details and staff the day of the event is another common
planner role. With weddings, some companies offer "day of" services where you
plan the entire event, but have a coordinator there to help make things go
smoothly. Generally, though, event planners take on this duty to see what they
have planned come to fruition. Coordinating schedules of catering, floral and
wait staff, checking on missing items or problems and guiding guests and
participants throughout the day are common coordination activities.

https://work.chron.com/kinds-things-wedding-planners-day-23138.html

Learning Activity No. 5

Fill in the blanks:

1. _________ __________ are professional decision makers who manage all

facets of meeting preparation and presentation
2. A __________ _________ __________ is employed by a large company or
business.
3. An _________ _________ __________ works on a freelance basis for
businesses that do not have meeting planners on staff.
4. Meeting and event planners oversee _____________ and execution of
professional and personal events.
5. Roles vary somewhat by the nature of the event, but generally,
___________ are in charge of ensuring guests have a positive experience.
6. An ____________ ___________ plans meetings for a small business
association or organization.
7. An event planner first meets with potential clients for a ___________.
8. ___________ location, setting, space and functionality are common
considerations.
9. Event planners may also manage _____________ to and from the event
and during the event for out-of-town guests.
10. Coordinating schedules of catering, floral and wait staff, checking on
missing items or problems and guiding guests and participants throughout the
day are common coordination __________.
 .
There are five lessons in this module. Lesson 1 discussed the meaning
and importance of MICE Industry.  But in today’s condition and because of the
pandemic, the MICE industry is greatly affected as you see in the news reports
worldwide, in the Internet and other forms of social media.   But people are
resilient and  there is a silver lining by the use of vaccine and hope to be aided
by the first quarter of the year 2021.

The industry is limited by the health protocols issued by the government

agencies.  Tourists are restricted to enter such areas that causes drop down of
profit to Hotels and other accommodations.   Thanks to the technology that
meetings and conferences are continued virtually by the use of social media
platforms like facebook, google meet, zoom and others.

Furthermore the year 2020-2021 is very challenging to the MICE industry.

 As the cases of the virus are still on peak and people are still finding ways to
flatten the curve. Being resilient is the key to the MICE industry to still
continue the services offered amidst challenges.

Congratulations! You have just studied Module I. now you are ready to
evaluate how much you have benefited from your reading by answering the
summative test. Good Luck!!!

1. In five sentences make a reflection about the situation of MICE industry in

todays pandemic. 10 points

MODULE II

Lesson 1 Pre- meeting Responsibilities

Lesson 2 Meeting Technology
Lesson 3 Planning Meetings, Exhibitions and Conventions
Lesson 4 Negotiations and Contracts

Module II

INTRODUCTION

Module gives you information on the different pre-meeting

responsibilities of an event coordinator or facilitator.   Also this particular
module will introduce to you the different meeting technologies to be used and
which are very important most probably in today’s new normal scene.  Further,
lessons in planning meetings, exhibitions and conventions and Negotiations and
contracts will be discussed.
OBJECTIVES

After studying the module, you should be able to:

1. Describe the role of the MICE sponsor

2. Discuss the different steps in planning MICE

3. Explain the importance of goals and objectives in planning MICE

4. Differentiate fixed expenses with variable expenses

5. Discuss the factors to be considered in order to successfully market MICE

6. Define and explain the main functions of management

7. Describe the steps to follow in choosing an organizational structure

8. Discuss the three types of plans which are essential for an event
9. Explain the importance of motivation in MICE management

10. Describe the different methods of communication

11. Discuss the communication process

There are four lessons in the module. Read each lesson carefully then
answer the exercises/activities to find out how much you have benefited from
it. Work on these exercises carefully and submit your output to your instructor.

Good luck and happy reading!!!

Lesson 1: Pre-Meeting Responsibilities

 Considering the high cost of both time and money, meetings in which
communications are unclear can be costly not only for meeting participants but
also a small-business owner. Because of this, pre-planning is vital to ensure
meeting objectives are met and that communications during the meeting flow
smoothly. Planning activities such as selecting a meeting facilitator,
establishing clear meeting objectives and creating an agenda are vital for
effective communication https://smallbusiness.chron.com/premeeting-
planning-effective-communication-76909.html.
The Meeting Facilitator

Roles
Meeting facilitators focus of a Meeting
on effective Planner both before and
communication
during the meeting. Responsibilities include pre-meeting planning and ensuring
there is effective and active participation by guiding communications during
the meeting. Once the meeting ends, a facilitator is responsible for ensuring
meeting minutes are properly recorded and any follow-up is handled before the
next scheduled meeting. Effective facilitators possess characteristics and
personality traits such as objectivity, along with good problem solving,
decision-making and communications skills.
A. Setting Meeting Objectives

Establishing clear meeting objectives during pre-planning is a first step

to effective communication. Meeting objectives state the reasons for holding
the meeting and the expected outcome. Clear objectives assist in effective
communication by ensuring participants understand why they've been invited
and how best to mentally prepare. For example, the goal of a project
management meeting might be a status update, or the goal of a finance
meeting might be to discuss an upcoming audit. Documented objectives
distributed prior to the start of the meeting can also ensure the appropriate
employees are in attendance.
B. The Significance of an Agenda

Once objectives are established, a meeting invitation that includes an

agenda can further enhance effective communication. An effective agenda --
most often sent a few days to a week in advance of the meeting -- promotes
effective communication by clearly relating objectives to action steps, keeping
participants on track and focused. A meeting agenda starts with the date, time
and location of the meeting. It then goes on to include meeting objectives and
subtopics or action steps for accomplishing each objective. It might also
include deadlines and reminders regarding upcoming events. A project
management meeting may require a status update from each attendee and an
audit meeting might require a readiness report from each department head.

Meeting Ground Rules

Setting ground rules as part of the pre-planning process or just before

the meeting starts is crucial for effective communication. Ground rules can
focus on attendee participation and guidelines for behavior, such as during a
debate or disagreement. They may also include include a confidentiality
clause. A list of what won’t be tolerated, such as name-calling or personal
attacks can also be included. Ground rules ensure attendees are able to
communicate freely without the fear of ridicule or reprisal form other meeting
attendees.

https://smallbusiness.chron.com/facilitate-team-74502.html
C. Meeting Budget

The goals for a small-business budget meeting will largely depend on

what you hope to achieve. Some budget meeting are exploratory, some are
used to set budgets and some help companies review the performance of the
company in relation to its financial plans. Before you hold a budget meeting,
communicate the goals to all parties involved.

Budgets

Small businesses should create more than one budget or create several
reports within a budget. A master budget lists your expected annual income
and expenses to help you control your spending to meet profit goals. A
functional budget lets you track the performance of a single department or
project. Small-business owners should use the information in a master budget
to determine their overhead expenses, which include costs such as rent,
insurance, office staff, marketing, office equipment, phones and Internet
service. A manufacturing budget identifies the hard costs of producing a
product or service, such as materials, labor and energy.

https://smallbusiness.chron.com/purpose-budget-meeting-42534.html
D. Site, Meeting and Venue Selection

A good starting point when researching your site selection is Convention

& Visitor Bureaus (CVBs), also known as DMOs (Destination Marketing
Organizations). These can be found at national, state or city level and often
offer free advice for certain services since they’re usually funded by
governments or local businesses. It’s their mission to attract business to their
area or city so they should be able to support you with materials and
information on venues and facilities.

Venue or Site Selection Considerations

Once a location has been decided on, the next step is to find a venue.
Aside from the actual property, keep in mind certain elements that you’ll want
to include when conducting your search for site selection:
1. Services & Amenities

Catering. You want to make sure the venue has a kitchen and catering
available. This is often a more cost-effective solution than having a third-party
caterer. If there’s no kitchen, find out if the venue has an exclusive partnership
with a catering company or if you can bring your own.
Equipment. Inquire if tables, chairs and linens are available for you to use. If
they fit to your overall theme and decor, it usually saves you money. And don’t
forget to ask about AV equipment and WiFi availability.

Clean-Up Crew. Not all venues offer a clean-up crew. Find out early on so you
can adjust your budget for additional expenses.
Setup Time. Find out at what time you can start setting up and when you can
start taking things down. Inquire about costs for these time slots.
Storage Area and Backstage Rooms. Is there a storage area for your team as
well as vendors? When and how can this area be accessed? Also ask about
possible backstage rooms that can be leveraged for back-of-house operations.
2. Room Capacities and Food & Beverage Minimums

When selecting a venue, you already know how many people to expect for your
 meeting or event. So you’ll want to ask about room capacities. Room rental is
typically based on capacity and has minimum food & beverage spend
requirements if the venue has in-house catering.   Inquire about this number
and make sure to get this information in writing.

3. Parking
Depending on your target audience, and if they’ll be flying or driving in, you
might want to investigate   parking availability. It’ll be a major pain point for
attendees if parking isn’t close by or available at all.

4. Accessibility

Is the venue accessible to everyone? Consider guests of all ages and those with
special needs. Everyone needs to be able to access event rooms and amenities.
Be sure to check the local, provincial/state and national laws where your
meeting or event is being held to ensure your event is compliant. Remember
that it’s your responsibility to make certain your event is adhering to the most
current version of the law as your event attendees are under your care.
5. Insurance & Permits

Many venues won’t allow you to rent the space if you don’t have liability
insurance in place. Be prepared to share this information with the venue early
on. Also ask about special permits that are required from your end.

Site Selection Timeline

Timelines vary depending on the kind of event you‘re planning. Rule of

thumb is that the smaller the event, the shorter the planning and site selection
process will be. In general, the number of expected attendees, overnight
4guests and event space requirements will dictate how far in advance you need
to start your site selection. It isn’t uncommon that for large trade shows, you
need to decide for a city, conference centre and hotels anywhere between two
MODULE
to five years SUMMARY
in advance. The actual selection of services you need would not
begin until 12-18 months before your event though. It’s best to create a work
back schedule from your meeting or event date and prioritize tasks accordingly.
Site Inspection

A personal site inspection is a must. Without personally having been in

the city and at the venue, it will be challenging to decide if the site serves your
purpose. It needs to allow you to create an outstanding attendee experience.
This might require an overnight stay at your destination. However, some hotels,
if you are serious about booking large room blocks, might offer you a
complimentary night.
https://www.eventmobi.com/blog/best-practices-for-site-selection-when-
designing-your-event-experience/
Activity No.1
1. What are the effects of New Normal Protocol to the Events in today’s
Pandemic.

Lesson 2: Meeting Technology

Some Categories of Modern Meeting Collaboration Technologies Include:
1. Video conferencing systems

• means to conduct a conference between two or more participants at

different sites by using computer networks to transmit audio and
video data. For example, a point-to-point (two-person) video
conferencing system works much like a video telephone.

     

2. Large screen monitors/projectors

• A display monitor is an electronic device used to display video output

from computers. Display monitors are used in many computer
devices, ranging from personal computers (PC) and laptops to small
handheld mobile devices, like cellphones and MP3 players.

• A display monitor is also known as a computer screen or display

screen.

3. Screen sharing
• also known as desktop sharing, is the practice of sharing the
contents of your screen with another device or multiple devices.
• This can include all the elements on a screen or simply one window,
which allows for complete control over the visibility of your
desktop and guarantees privacy.
4. Interactive white boards

• An interactive whiteboard, also known as a smartboard, is an

interactive display in the format of a whiteboard that reacts to
user input either directly or through other devices.

5. Touch-screens

• A touch screen is a display device that allows the user to interact

with a computer by using their finger or stylus.

6. Virtual reality systems

• (VR) is a simulated experience that can be similar to or completely

different from the real world. Applications of virtual reality can
include entertainment (i.e. video games) and educational
purposes (i.e. medical or military training). Other, distinct types
of VR style technology include augmented reality and mixed
reality.
 7. Lead capture devices

• Lead capture essentially removes the event organizer as the

intermediary between the exhibitor and the attendee’s data.

• Exhibitors speak to an attendee at their stand or booth, and

captures their details.

8. Social media displays

• commonly known as social displays are used in events to keep the

audience thoroughly engaged throughout the event. A visual
delight and an engaging and magnetizing tool, social media
displays at events show tweets and posts from social media
platforms such as Twitter, Facebook and Instagram

Meeting Technology Trends

1. Drones for Hotspots and Security

• The Federal Aviation Administration predicts that up to 7 million

drones will be flying by 2020
 • can actually be utilized as mobile hotspots.

• will become a powerful tool in event security.

• Drones fitted with cameras offer the possibility of continuous aerial

monitoring, allowing for the detection of security violations or
suspicious behavior.

2. Chatbots as Personnel

• At the Clarion Hotel in Amsterdam, guests are introduced to their

AI-enabled chatbot butler, an in-room assistant

• Equipped with power features, it is designed to help guests with

many of their requirements such as hailing taxis, ordering room
service, finding information online and other hotel-related
operations.

3. “Phygital” Events

• a cross between physical and digital

• Meeting Professionals International’s latest outlook finds that 60

percent of meeting and event professionals feel virtual events
have a positive influence on live event attendance.
 4. 360-Degree Reporting

• The goal is to get a 360-degree view of attendees’ experiences by

bringing together the disparate technology tools used throughout
the planning and executing process to build a useful picture of the
event’s effectiveness based on the full range of data points
available.

Activity No.2

1. If you were given a chance to invent or to make a new trend

technology/product  that has not been out in the market, what is it?

2. What are the specifications of this product?

3. What are the importance of your product in MICE industry?

4. Draw a simple sketch of your product

Lesson 3: Planning Meetings, Exhibitions and Conventions

A. Sponsorship
• Sponsorship is the financial or in-kind support  of an activity, used
primarily to reach specified  business goals
 • All sponsorship should be based on contractual obligations between
the sponsor and the sponsored party. Sponsors and sponsored
parties should set out clear terms and conditions with all other
partners involved, to define their expectations regarding all
aspects of the sponsorship deal. Sponsorship should be
recognisable as such.
• The terms and conduct of sponsorship should be based upon the
principle of good faith between all parties to the sponsorship.
There should be clarity regarding the specific rights being sold
and confirmation that these are available for sponsorship from the
rights holder. Sponsored parties should have the absolute right to
decide on the value of the sponsorship rights that they are
offering and the appropriateness of the sponsor with whom they
contract.

Types of Sponsorship
1. Event Sponsorship

• Event sponsors receive an impressive set of   perks that no other

presenters or exhibitor  receives.

2. Series sponsor
• is the highest status of sponsorship.

• Often the name and the logo of the sponsor is incorporated into the
title of the series (Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series).
• allows companies to have a decisive voice on the issue of presence
among sponsors of other companies operating in the same
business, the priority right to use teams, team members, players,
coaches, and the sanctioning body for conducting joint
promotions, right of presence at all official events dedicated to a
sports event, mandatory mentioning in all activities conducted on
behalf of the team, highlighting the name of title sponsor in film
credits, television programs which were created with its financial
support, placement of logos and banners.
• Often a patch or sticker is required to placed or worn on a highly
visible item (uniform, race car, billboard) of every competitor,
even if their personal sponsor is in direct competition with the
series sponsor.
3. Title sponsor

• the most significant contribution to a company in organizing and

hosting an event.

• Often the name of such sponsor is placed next to the name of

competition, teams, individual athletes and is associated with it
(for example, the logo of a title sponsor is placed in various
places around the stadium or track (such as painted in the infield
grass / pavement or walls, various places on the field, signboards
on the sides of the field, etc.), the name in the title of an auto
racing event's official name, or the name of an American football
college bowl game). In case of title sponsor's presence, the
general sponsor position may remain free.
4. General sponsor

• is a sponsor that makes one of the largest contributions (in absence

of a title sponsor – usually more than 50% of all sponsorship funds
raised) and that receives for it the right to use the image of
competition as well as extensive media coverage. If necessary, the
 status of the general sponsor may be supplemented by the general
sponsors for certain categories, as well as the main sponsor.

5. Team sponsor

• provides funds for individual teams. The more money provided

(primary sponsor vs. secondary sponsor), the larger area and more
visible location are allocated. In some instances, the team
sponsor may be rotated between the primary and secondary
sponsor roles. This usually occurs with auto racing teams that
travel over a vast area. A team sponsor may take the primary
sponsorship role at a race in an area where they are present, such
as a store chain. That sponsor may take a secondary sponsorship
role, or not even be on the car, in an area they have little or no
presence, or are prohibited by law to sell, such as alcohol or
tobacco products.

6. Official sponsor

• is a sponsor that makes a certain part of raised funds (within 20–

25%). Typically, the given status may be granted by category
("official insurance partner", "official automotive partner", etc.).
7. Technical sponsor

• is a sponsor which promotes organization of sporting events through

the partial or full payment of goods and services (e.g., medical
equipment, fitness, organization of transportation and lodging).
8. Participating sponsor
• is a company, the sponsorship fee size of which usually does not
exceed 10% of total raised funds..
9. Informational sponsor
• is an organization that provides informational support through
media coverage, conducting PR-actions, joint actions, etc.
B.  Bidding Process
• The bidding process is used to select a vendor for subcontracting a
project, or for purchasing products and services that are required for a
project. Bid records contain the specifications of the project or details
of the products and services to be purchased.
A typical bidding process consists of the following stages:

1. The project manager or contract/purchasing manager creates a bid that

describes the specifications and estimated cost of the project.
2. The manager issues the bid.

3. (Optional) The reviewers approve the bid.

4. The manager sends the bid to a group of vendors for response.

5. The vendors analyze the bid and calculate the cost at which they can
complete the project. Each vendor responds to the bid with details
about the products and services that are needed and the overall cost.

6. The manager manages and analyzes the bid responses.

7. The manager awards the bid to the vendor that best meets the
requirements of the project.

8. A standard contract is automatically created by using the bid details and

response information.
 9. During the process, the manager or vendor can request clarification about
the bid.

C.  Setting Meeting Objectives

Purpose and Objectives

• The Purpose of the meeting is the reason the meeting is being held. The
reason must be acceptable to both the organizing body and the potential
attendees.

• Setting objectives is key to the meeting’s success.  Use the SMART test to
determine if your objectives have been stated clearly enough to serve as
a guideline for future performance.   An objective should be specific,
measurable, attainable, relevant and time based.

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES

• A purpose is broad objectives are narrow.

• A purpose has general intentions; objectives are precise.

• A purpose is intangible; objectives are tangible.

• A purpose is abstract; objectives are concrete.

• A purpose can't be validated as is; objectives can be validated.

Examples:
Purpose: to create an understanding of the meeting.

Objective: Enumerate all the guest complaints in the restaurant as recorded in

the incident report.
OBJECTIVES
Various types of objectives.
Program Objectives - the entire content of the meeting;
Session Objectives – content for each specific session
Meeting Objectives - objectives that specifically relate to the meeting planning
process…

Setting meeting objectives can be difficult but extremely important.  They are
used as the basis for the remainder of the planning process.  Take some time to
produce a set of statements that clearly define exactly how you plan to put
this meeting together.

Sample meeting objectives

• “To plan and agree a solution that will deliver at least 15% improvement in
monthly income of the bakeshop  within 3 months”
• “To plan and agree a solution that will deliver at least 10% improvement in
monthly utility costs within 3 months”
• “To plan and agree a solution that will deliver at least 5% increase in
restaurant sales within 3 months”

Activity No.3

1. If you are a Hotel manager and asked by the owner to set 5

meeting Objectives in your Hotel that will open to serve the
COVID-19 asymptomatic patients.
 Lesson 4: Negotiation and Contracts

What Is Contract Negotiation?

• Parties seeking to transact business with each other create contracts.
Contracts are a set of promises or obligations made by each party. These
promises and obligations are legally binding. This means if a party fails
to keep a promise or obligation, the other party may be able to file a
lawsuit to recover damages.

• Contract negotiation is the process in which the parties iron out the
details of the contract before committing the terms to writing. Parties
attempt to negotiate terms that are favorable to themselves. When
negotiating, each party assesses the risk or benefit of including a
particular term.

What Does Negotiation Consist Of?

• There is no uniform set of principles that answer the question, “How Do I
Negotiate a Contract?” that apply to contract negotiation. However,
there are measures parties can take before and during negotiations to
ensure negotiations are successful. The first of these measures is
preparing for negotiations. Preparation has several aspects, both legal
and business-related.

What are the Legal Aspects of Negotiation Preparation?

• As part of preparation, parties should familiarize themselves with the laws
of their state. These laws include the laws of what the contract covers.
For example, a party should review the intellectual property laws of its
state before negotiating a licensing agreement involving copyrights.

• Parties should also research their state’s contract laws. State contract
laws indicate what terms, if any, may not be included in an agreement.
State laws also indicate what kind of remedies are available to a party
when the other party breaches the agreement.

What are Examples of Negotiation Strategy?

Before a party starts to negotiate, the party should understand the concept of
negotiation strategy. Strategy involves using a series of tools or acting in a
certain, pre-planned way in response to a development in negotiation.
Important negotiation tactics include:

• Acting credibly and in good faith at all times. This means being honest
with the other party. A party damages its credibility when it makes a
representation that is untrue. A party damages its credibility when it
 deliberately conceals an important fact from the other side. A party also
does not act credibly when it makes an offer that it has reason to know
the other will never accept (perhaps, because, in prior negotiations,
that offer was rejected “on sight.”).
• Recognizing when the other party is not acting credibly. When another
party misrepresents what specific terms have been agreed to, that party
is not acting credibly. If a party states that the parties agreed to a term
that they in fact had not yet discussed, or had disputed, and the party
does this repeatedly, the party is not acting in a trustworthy fashion. A
party who is on the “receiving end” of untrustworthiness should consider
whether continuing to negotiate is in that party’s best interests.
• Not losing sight of the overall objective. A party should enter into a
negotiation with a clear objective, and a clear idea of what
circumstances would cause the party to “walk away” from the
negotiation. That party should be mindful of the overall objective at
each stage of the negotiation. This mindfulness will diminish the chance
that the party will unreasonably argue a point just to “win” one
argument or to exact a minor concession.
• Dotting all of the I’s and crossing all of the T’s: Before concluding
negotiations, a party should evaluate its notes and conversations, to
determine whether the parties failed to address or resolve an ambiguous
point or important term. This will pay off in the event of a dispute in
court. Courts do not want to rewrite parties’ agreements to include
terms the parties themselves failed to include. The role of a court is to
interpret a contract, not to impose its own terms.

Activity No. 4

1. How important a contract in each transaction?  If you have a family

member that will avail your service as an event coordinator, are
you still going to provide and undergo the process of negotiation
and contract? Why or why not?

Module Summary

There are four lessons in this module.   Being an event coordinator is a

difficult task.  As soon as the event day became closer, pressure and problems
are just around the corner.  An event specialist could handle stress wisely and
turn stress in to positive vibes which is very important to motivate yourself and
your crew.  But in reality of today because of the pandemic, the MICE industry
is affected very much, many event coordinators and facilitators are displaced
or retrenched to work and shifted to other jobs.  Some organizations are able
to continue by the use of modern technology.   Social media platforms like
facebook, gsuites like google meet, zoom application and other modern way of
meeting technologies are used.   This is the new normal activity of the event
industry, to suffice the needs of the professionals that displaced to work and to
help them to gain income.   Gradually and slowly some events today are back
physically but limited to capacity and minimum health protocols are strictly
observed.   Hope this will continue because the MICE industry is one of the
industries that could help the economy financially as it brings income to the
private and public sectors that could bring back the wealth of the economy
once again.

Summative Test:

➢ Reflect as a future event coordinator or facilitator.  What do you see five

 years from now in MICE industry? Maximum of 3 sentences

References:
Books:
Introduction to Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Events
Management (MICE) First Edition 2020 by  Zenaida Cruz, PhD.

rd
Meeting, Conference and Convention Management 3 Edition 2020
by 3G E-Learning LLC

Online References:
http://becomeaneventplanner.org/incentive-travel.html#IT
https://work.chron.com/kinds-things-wedding-planners-day-23138.html
https://eventacademy.com/news/what-is-event-management/
https://www.xotels.com/en/glossary/mice/
https://www.cleverism.com/skills-and-tools/meeting-management.

                                                                                                                          Module I