UNDERSTANDING DIVISION AS

INVERSE OPERATION
CHAPTER 5- DIVISION OF WHOLE NUMBERS

LESSON 3
Lesson Objective:

Illustrate that multiplication and division are

inverse operations.
 L E T ’ S S A Y
Mrs. Lopez’ class will be
participating in a tree planting
program. Her class, which is
composed of 12 pupils, was
asked to form 3 groups with an
equal number of pupils.
How many pupils are in each
group?
L E T ’ S S A Y
To solve the given problem, we change it to a
division sentence.

𝟏𝟐 ÷ 𝟑 =
total number of number of number of pupils
pupils groups in each group

3 × = 𝟏𝟐
number of number of pupils total number of
groups in each group pupils
DIVISION
Based on the given, we can say that
multiplication and division are related.
To find 12 ÷ 3 = , it helps to think of 3
× = 12.
The multiplication sentence. Can you think
of the missing factor to complete the
multiplication sentence.
DIVISION
In the multiplication sentence 3 × = 12, 4 is the
missing factor. So, the quotient for the division
sentence 12 ÷ 3 = would be 4.
Therefore, there are 4 pupils in each group.
If you know a multiplication sentence, then you
can write two division sentences.
DIVISION
For example, we have the multiplication
sentence 6 × 3 = 18.
We can write two division sentences using
the multiplication sentence.
The first division sentence would be 18 ÷ 3
= 6. The second division sentence would be
18 ÷6 = 3.
EXAMPLES:
Study the following examples. Each multiplication
sentence is used to answer the division sentences that
follow:

1. 3 ×5 = 15 2. 4 ×8 = 32 3. 2 ×7 = 14
15 ÷ 3 = 5 32 ÷ 4 = 8 14 ÷ 7 = 2
15 ÷ 5 = 3 32 ÷ 8 = 4 14 ÷ 2 = 7
EXAMPLES:

4. 3 × 9 = 27 5. 5 × 8 = 40
27 ÷ 3 = 9 40 ÷ 5 = 8
27 ÷ 9 = 3 40 ÷ 8 = 5
EXAMPLES:

6. 4 × 6 = 24 7. 6 × 7 = 42 8. 8 × 9 = 72
24 ÷ 4 = 6 42 ÷ 6 = 7 72 ÷ 8 = 9
24 ÷ 6 = 4 42 ÷ 7 = 6 72 ÷ 9 = 8
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

1. 4 × 9 = 36
36 ÷ 4 = 9
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

2. 4 × 5 = 20
20 ÷ 4 = 5
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

3. 5 × 5 = 25
25 ÷ 5 = 5
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

4. 6 × 6 = 36
36 ÷ 6 = 6
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

5. 4 × 8 = 32
32 ÷ 4 = 8
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

1. 3 × 10 = 30
30 ÷ 3 = 10
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

2. 4 × 4 = 16
16 ÷ 4 = 4
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

3. 7 × 6 = 42
42 ÷ 7 = 6
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

4. 6 × 9 = 54
54 ÷ 6 = 9
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

5. 9 × 9 = 81
81 ÷ 9 = 9
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

6. 9 × 8 = 72
72 ÷ 9 = 8
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING.
Find the missing number to complete each
number sentence.

7. 5 × 15 = 75
75 ÷ 5 = 15
LET’S REMEMBER

• Division is the opposite or inverse

operation of multiplication.
• Finding the quotient is like finding the
missing factor.
• For a multiplication sentence, you can
write two division sentences.
For more information, please watch the video.

https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=PQiwWvtxO-0