Problem 1.

 Let x be the first number.

 Let y be the second number.
 Let s be the sum of their squares.

Thus, we have the following equation:

x + y=10 x 2+ y 2=s

Now, we express y in terms of x .

y=10−x
We plug in the equation above to x 2+ y 2=s which give us

x 2+ ( 10−x )2=s
Then we find differentiate the equation above

2 x+2 ( 10− x ) (−1 )=s' 2 x−2 (10−x )=s' 2 x−20+2 x=s ' 4 x−2 0=s '

Then we let s' =0 and find the value of x .

4 x−20=04 x=20x=5 Now we have x=5 , we find y using the equation y=10−x .
y=10−5 y=5 Problem 2
 Let x be the distance to be run.
 Let y be the distance to be swam.
 Let t be the total time it takes to reach the island.

x y
t= +
8 4
Note that the distance travelled from your position to the island will form a triangle.

y =1 + ( 6−x ) y 2=1+36−12 x + x 2 y= √ x 2−12 x+3 7

2 2 2

Thus,

t= + √
2
x x −12 x+ 37
8 4
Then with the first derivative test, we have

' 1 1
t= +
(2 x−12
8 4 2 √ x −12 x +3 7
2
=01+ 2
2 x−12
√ x −12 x+ 37 )
=0√ x 2−12 x +3 7+2 x−12=0

2 2 18− √ 3
x −12 x+3 7=(−2 x+12 ) x 2−12 x+3 7=4 x 2−48 x+1440=3 x2 −3+107 x=
3
Then, to confirm with second derivative test, we have

( )
1
√ x 2−12 x+ 37+2 x−12
'
'' =0
t = =0 3
8 √ x −12 x +37
2
4 ( x −12 x+ 37 )
2 2

Then check with value of x .

t
''
( 18−3 √3 )= 1
=
1
18− √ 3
(( ) ) ()
3 3

) (
18−√3 18− √3
2
4 2 Thus, you need to travel x= miles
4 −12 +37
2 4 3
3 3 3
west to minimized time to reach the island.

Problem 3
3

∑ k −1
k
=
1−1 2−1 3−1
1
+
2
+
3
1 2 7
=0+ + =
2 3 6
k =1

Problem 4
1
f ( x )=
x ( x−1 )
 6
7−4 1 1
L6=∑ ∆ x ∙ f ( x i )∆ x= = L6= ( f ( 4 )+ f ( 4.5 )+ f ( 5 ) +f ( 5.5 ) + f (6 ) +f ( 6.5 ) )
i =1 6 2 2

L6 =
1
( 1
+
1
+
1
+
1
+
1
+
1
2 4 ( 4−1 ) 4.5 ( 4.5−1 ) 5 ( 5−1 ) 5.5 ( 5.5−1 ) 6 ( 6−1 ) 6.5 ( 6.5−1 ) )
L6= (
1 1 4 1 4 1
+ + + + +
4
=
163
2 12 63 20 99 30 143 1092
≈ 0.1493 )
Problem 5
a)

( )( )
n n n
i 2 1
∑ ∆ x ∙ f ( x i )=∑ 3 n n = n33 ∑ i2
i=1 i=1 i=1

( ) ( ) (
n
3 n ( n+1 )( 2 n+1 ) 1 2 n +3 n +n 1
)
3 2
3 3 1
3∑
2
i= 3 = 3
= 2+ + 2
n i=1 n 6 2 n 2 n n
b)

lim
n→∞
1
2 (
3 1 1
)
2+ + 2 = ( 2+0+ 0 )=1
n n 2

Problem 6
7

∑ k ( 2k + 1 )=1 ( 2 ( 1 ) +1 ) +2 ( 2 ( 2 )+ 1 )+ 3 ( 2 ( 3 ) +1 ) + 4 ( 2 ( 4 ) +1 ) +5 ( 2 (5 )+ 1 )+ 6 ( 2 ( 6 ) +1 ) +7 ( 2 ( 7 ) +1 )
k =1
7

∑ k ( 2k + 1 )=3+10+21+36+ 55+ 78+105=308

k =1

Problem 7
' f ( 8 ) −f (−8 ) 64−64
f ( x )= 2 x= 2 x=0x=0
8−(−8 ) 16

Problem 8
2
a) ∫ ( 8 x 3 +3 x 2 ) ⅆx
1

[ ( ) ( )] =[ 2 x + x ] ={[2 (2) +2 ]−[ 2(1) + 1 ]}=40−3=37

2
x4 x3 4 32 4 3 4 3
¿ 8 +3 1
4 3 1
1
ⅆx
b) ∫( 2 Let
u=x−4 ; du=dx
−1 x −4 )

[ ] [ ]
1 1 1
ⅆx u−1 −1 −1
∫ ( x −4 )2 ∫
= u
−2
du=
−1
= −
( 1 ) (−1 )
=−2
−1 −1 −1
x+ 2
c) ∫ ⅆx
√ x2 + 4 x
 Let u=x2 + 4 x ; du=2 x+ 4=2(x+ 2) dx

()
1
−1
1 u2
∫ 2 ⅆx =∫ x√+2
x+ 2
∙
du 1
= ∫ u 2 du= +C= √u+C
√ x +4 x u 2 ( x +2 ) 2 2 1
2

(
d) ∫ 3 e −
x 2
x )
ⅆx

∫ (3 e x − 2x ) ⅆx =∫ 3 e x dx−∫ 2x dx=3 e x−2 ln|x|+C

( )
2
3 x +5 x
e) ∫ ⅆx
√x

()()
3 5

( )
3 3 5
3 x +5 x 2 x2 x2
∫ √x
ⅆx =∫ √ x ( 3+5 x ) dx=∫ 3 √ x +5 x 2 dx =3
3
+5
5
+C=2 x 2 +2 x 2 +C
2 2
π
2
f)
∫ sin ( x ) cos ( x ) ⅆx
0
Let u=sin x; du=cos x dx
π π π

[ ]
2 2 2 π
du u2 2 π2
∫ sin x cos x ⅆ x =∫ u cos x ∙ =∫
cos x 0
u du= =
2 0 8
0 0

Problem 9
a) x ( t )=∫ v (t )dt

[ ]
6 3 2 6 3
t 4t 6
x ( t )=∫ t −4 t−12 dt = −
2 2
−12t = −2 ( 6 ) −12 ( 6 )=−72 meters
0
3 2 0 3
b)
2
v ( t )=t −4 t−12=0t=6 (¿)∨t=−2( X since time cannot be negative)
v ( 6 )=( 6 ) −4 ( 6 )−12=0 v ( 4 )= ( 4 ) −4 ( 4 ) −12=−12(hence v ( t )< 0 for [ 0,6 ] )
2 2

[ ]
6 6
−t 3 4 t 2 −6 3
x ( t )=∫ −( t −4 t−12 ) dt =
2 2
+ + 12t = +2 ( 6 ) +12 ( 6 )=72 meters
0
3 2 0 3
Problem 10

[ ] [ ]
4 8 4 8 4 4
8 1 2 2 2 2
x 3
x 3 x −2 x
3
3(8)3 −2(8) 3 (1 ) 3 −2 ( 1 ) 1 −81
∫ x −x dx= 4 − 2
3
=
4
=
4
−
4
=−20− =
4 4
−1 −1
3 −1

Problem 11
x =4 x−x 0=4 x −2 x 0=x ( 4−2 x ) x=0∨x=2
2 2 2

[ ]
2 2 2 2
x
∫ 4 x−x 2−( x 2 ) dx=∫ 4 x dx=4 2 0
=2 x |0=2 ( ( 2 ) −( 0 ) ) =8 unit
2 2 2 2 2

0 0