6977-47.

3-2CYP AID: 203098 | 25/09/2019

An exotic species is knows as species which is living outside its range and was
transported another area by humans. The event can be intentional or accidental. These
species are also known as Introduced species. The introduced species may also pose
threat to the local species found in an area.
Not all exotic species are considered harmful. Non-native plants are fundamental to our
lifestyle - most of food crops from other countries, such as potatoes and wheat, are not
native to the United States. Invasive species, however, are exotic organisms that have
gone beyond being useful and have become harmful and detrimental to biodiversity as it
disturbs the indigenous species which in turn disturbs the ecological community and thus
the entire ecosystem.
When an organism is introduced into an ecosystem in which it did not evolve naturally, it
no longer has those limits and its numbers can sometimes dramatically increase which
disturbs the particular habitat.

The unnaturally large population numbers can then have severe impacts. The following
are the key examples of each of these impacts related to Natural resources and the
environment. Apart from the natural resources it also poses great threat to the country’s
economy.
1. It reduces the ability of streams to make smooth flow of water in deltas, river
banks and streams.
2. It Displaces the native plant communities and radically change the nature of the
habitats they invade
3. It competes for the same cost of natural resources and life requirements (food,
water, space, shelter) as native species and degrade local ecologies by disrupting
the food chain.
4. It causes the extinction of many native species by engulfing food materials more
than those of indigenous organisms.
5. It Increases soil erosion and soil binding capacity and fire hazards in the deep
forests and coral reefs.
6. It decreases the quality of understory habitat in forests and facilitate the spread of
other invasive species.
7. It decreases the quality and quantity of range for wildlife
8. It degrades aquatic habitats and clog waterways.
 One of the most important aspect of threat causes on introduction of exotic species
was it displaces the native plant communities and radically change the nature of the
habitats they invade for example:
Eichornia crassipes, commonly known as water hyacinth is an invasive weed. It is
native to South America and first introduced in Egypt. In Lake Victoria of South
America it becomes invasive. It was also introduced in India as an ornamental plant
but unfortunately it caused scourage of water bodies by draining oxygen from the
water in turn leads to death of many fishes.

As said above, exotic species not always detrimental, rather it enhances the economic
values in certain fields such as in diary farming. The best example for this is Holstein
breed of cows. This breed was developed in northern parts of Netherlands especially in
the province of Friesland. They are the largest diary breeds and typically have dark and
white markings which makes them easily distinguishable. The average production of this
cow is 6000-7000 per lactation. Apart from this, Ayrshire breed which is originated in
Scotland is considered as most beautiful exotic diary breed. They are well known for
production of large quantities of milk.