Linenkaacm of Systems, Single vorkable ee Senlieay Pugciet AX System: HE = p(n) ei Towly senes wow x, > 2 ie Fed = remy + (4) Aa. (HE) Gag Mem" a n ae Ae +i) ( at + 8) AEH Neg lecking 1 and- Mabey - oder kenvms + FO) x P (0) + (4) k (a=) > ® ei 4 en ® F(x) &Ex. simqle vervable Liquwol tank system Case. & & i Ee = ph (inean) v Linen model: a Sh + Ah = &; enon KW = aA (mnkinenr) vy Nonk’ne en model 1 4 oth eS. s = + adh = © monk nee kerm = edn Toyle Seftes kW = Rd + (n~ne) anne v Linen Fet models Remons : Ab ss, hehe oP? 296.9 @ O me fdendinl. Beaans (i - W) Revenses, uc Uneanxet abtroxi makin belmes progressively 16 Acewrmte.Deviakm varables system; AE = F(x) v AR SS? Et so = F(%) Wa 7 Me SSS vnlne OF x¢ --® eee arene F(x) + (26) b-¥) ---@ % -@-0 ot (%-94 %- He) olf me 2 os = (3). me ao v Dewake vatale | v €%® yields: Ex. Laywtsl bank system (rene¢beat) Le tceigta cl Sn abel a ee ny = SNe Ce teins . 2 3 : dhs “ . oN =e BENSS SA Sei he SE Ah Pee oie $ ang. ®-6 _, lh of t . 3 ah! 2A ee aie h . tics et eee pris Fi - FisLineananim of Systems (ta) Mwulkivariable syskems. SE = fi (m, m2) Syskem % ate etl, M), ole Vv Tayla senes Filler, 020) = Mh (Gs, %aa) -(%) gn a +(4 | Grn mas) (4s, %5) (41s, a8) (2) (aces) (2 ) Gocmes)y om a nr | hy, (705%) (4s, mas) iS ) (4- is) (%-%5) Ox, OM. (as, 245) v Similey expremn we taw have fer Fa (%,%), Neqlecking ana - on) igh ev- ork bems: NS & (0,8) = A (os, 48) + (3) (4 ys } Gra = Yas) w (4s, %s) bus, ce = fa.(m,%) = fe (ms, x) + Fe) ba 3) +(2 4 (a- ne (4s, 108) (4s, %s) --@Ae steady state : au = F, (xs, %s) -@ BOS a Fy (His, 25), ao 1 0-® + @-@: 4 Cm) _ 1) fe x) + (24) 64 -%5) as Ox (74s, %s) (C28) 17 (28) tno +(i) em) (4s, 24s) (Xs, 34s) i, aes Of deviakm varabes ; , , f PH 2 ay tH! Ain eee 1 a ayy) + a oltLinens Eakin OF a esTR (mulbiveriaute System) Exo. veach'on == 1. ae a Chae as sah yModel.. ole - Hea oh eg wey neq ee ean ‘ —E/em gt 2 A ay ec NDTIS ES “2 Se erry colt v velp Cy vo Of wh (v) 1% ottwmed Comk (ie, Fr =F) SkeP I. Dynave model gets 1 following form ~Elet MMe L(Mi-W)-KGe EIB ae 4 (RT) Feat Shite e where T= We (vuneleme dime) , S=C/op ~€/as SMP 2. nmlinery tem, e's & , Applying Torley serves : cE a uss be See es eae/ Ey, =e ae @ (Hb) +e (4 - Ge) Eat ey@ Skeb3. Linearized wodel ay ve a ERT, eo ane “ae > (i= G) -w] ¢ er eas tlre “Cue 4x)] To At a = h(n DT mL Same il -® skeph. 5 beody state midel ot e/a =e St wy, llcesic ts) Cama Ry 8 a 7ler, ae o% ove da haa So step 5. Model (Atnennized) wm boms vp kerri vartables LinenXzet modu @ — sf mid ® + @-@ ' i =a ~€/ oN iaieig ee UST ee Rh gt ak Mg RT - ~/ RT Tip, Sm eeace Aa ae, ; a’ | Chea ae 84, Go T+ 2 A wheve ENG Gs Geese pa T= i = Tee Q = B-&,Troms fer Fume tions. wh) = x aa F(s) a a a = 4G) oh 1 seg. FO $1s0 ‘procerc lock aq S180 Syskew mik-ovdtr Wneme (oy Lnemized) olf Hevenbinl 2a : a Ta Gee nee +0, B+ ay = FL) Sua ROK FE) om YL) ove ceviahim variables ad so Sn) ead.) elk ee 1 = ek (Zt) - st my = £z0 2 % ‘a me a : uf zs = Fl) ~ sy) - 4 - et iy = =o $0 €V(\) yields: Es ie wae ket Bes +O) $ Ble) + AoW) = UF) Reawanaing , 4) 8 FO = ae DnB Tyee se Weare tat ) G(s) = tramPer function (re),=) MISO System fa Ce) ” m=) a a On pit aie es he oe “7 #0 = by FE) ba fe (te) In Laplace le main: RG) a ee F(s) ee es bh ore es Bd ng a= silty aka. ear aamee es = GWA + 4.0 86), 46) 4) 4 S fai] ae) Rs UW) . Salo 5 3 Te) Re. — oe Block a4 ——AGn Block aeTroms fer Fumekvon Ex. Lroawtch bank system es aa \, F > wlemebie flow vale AN ho ke necehk ha — Fe Step zs Develo Wa wdel a tk = fe kenemen SEEPR. Model wm dowanin vartaKles ; a th = a6! skeb 3, Formula TE model. Tawming t-teeofm : asin'(s) = Fy (6) - Alls). Berea il) — re) le) Steph. Revelebing bivew, lagyerm ye) earn) AS + WO), Fo (4) 1 " ° Ra Ey — Inpnt (4¥e) Fo > Ontpw Cr)@) Troms Fev Functions Cwntet--) MIMD System aX2 S¥stem FL maa 2 el = eS = Mh + Aes bn Ft bi fy Modet “Ss = Mai, + 4% + bay f+ ban fy nT =A ; “he Vweral — Umeliixtons a: iL bor ay f LP (0) = (0) =0 Taking L- bravofarm + Sn. Gu : = 44a bas) — 5 (5= 420) by + A bor) (s~402) nt Bie % (= a A+ rae 3 > . ke. hey = Eisen FOm8) ey glenn + aan) &) Pls) a é Pls) a @we p(s) = S$ (ay + a2) $- (Anay = ay An) | wm Nive: HO Gn Gin, Wh oa a Ia Gon150} a + Gay Si E Grr 5 Blew og Ex. Jatkeed cste (Rewisikect) & T% Gi Seabee ~ Exo. reachm A+B = Va Stome. RC ere ae Linemtzed model ( cttve lope d) Je ice oe) Ue oth g, |t'=2 Gi de ie t te ontprt Onkpnt Pak —E/RT, Fer s er a 4[1- ~ 8% og + SM [ee ]ee eye te a! “RT vee , ae, we wubb wwe: Q= Um (T- Te), P oy‘ -~Flat, Ke ~ F/R Oy = b+ Ke at era ae SE Ray atic sie he faa= 4 - SKE fete vale Ber e eG ob = 3 VAL tT bas veep Pp hale v 6sTR model vieldo+ 2xd System (monsomare). fH , at On G + aot! = b Gt 1 AT mG! + Mat! = by TH + be Te! ole ietereliimter eu toaaean te) ait das 0 v Tewiag b- bram Form Campy es ere vp , a by ($+ 4: ae bed wip = ME ait - ae = ope Pls) 3 E = a be (3+ 4m) - Ebr cies = ~ CaN Saag) Seeticsas D) 5G) + be (St) 1 15) re) rG) ee whe + ie) ste (On + aan) $ (nea = ie fa)v Sr vrelds! Bw) = Gu Gi (+ Gn (3) + Sia Te (s) elite 9Go) Gi) tan TG) + Ges TACO) v ln malex form + als) [Gn cn ai (8) 1 (3) TS) ae) +!6)Foles and ews FO) Iw) kes The rovks of im Sy Stem", Qls) =0 Poles The roots cf te SYM". Rio. Bx. x Sra au) PE). Gb) = Gls) = 8c! S=3S40 AY i Rews Of @ Sygrew , AY WR poles -- > pelymomminl Qs) owe ef TR qa. #2 _ Sie) FG) Pw ration of tna polynomials Called “Zees of he TE oy pebyrewriad PLS) eve CUED © pao/es of UR Thor Sr Shageio. “Aenean! orale at Sz-a. Rus, | poles: 1,2 TE belomes 0, TR beiomes 20,General Form of Te v An wreak system can be desatvet by aw linear ope Dp teet ave, ie, ay a"f od ae? ele: #4 = by Sart eee Peo = ~ mat Sreiciae 4) = bm St bm S 4 - i (8- a)) (s-*2)--(6-Ze) 3 5 cone eee FE) ams Oma 4a, Cand (SR )(s-8). (8) Ris Kets yp Pp = pele. va BP. Stiickly bwber : tah phoWenly vealizakle n=m Sem prob ey nim lm prp ew €x 2>™ Sis) ae a s+) Oe S1se¢qn, =m Giant aS) = — axl — 53 THSt) ts hee Ber ea Te Gl) > GS! fend sy svem Te RemorKs 1. Gov w ply Henly rvenlxable System m%™, R.A sygrem & Stable Vy all pofeg die ww Mc Jefe half #6 8 plane, a Lo calor’ of uit Zerws hone m0 elfeck Ov Ihe Stoll Y tim Sychem They teveamrly effec us dynawte reypome, m+ Sree UG,Response of w system: Quaktakve analysis v Dynome rikbomt of cs FO) = 49 Fe) ae Where, et) Gi) = RS) e-9. gta St! S44 te) +1) 9. L[ae] = A st so ys) = QD mes) PG) ays t vy bee ws wre G(8) fer qnalibanve stetrlehy, omaby sis. with sia folowing generat form + Ge. One se Pts) TR) (5-8) (5-)” (6 Pa) (on) (6-¥5) P +> voors ef p(s) [i-e-, poles of me Syshem J vy PavHial fractions expansion t ¢ ¢ ‘ te: 2 50 "an G(s) = —L— + -+{ E+ Bt cs peer tats $-P, S-Pe $a -ailsap)* 6-A)” * 4, G & os ets 3-Py S-Py Sint.Imoaginang amis Py = Real axis Locakim ef poles wv sin tomlin flare /s plane (82 4450), Real chstinct poles, Gite) so Ss domain om, $-P a Re he ed] tenth) a iin, ne: == Lb domain he Since P, £0 » Ge decays exbonentinly 0 % bro he 620 Sine 20 , Ge grows B As Re Ge fe See hS stable Unskeble 1 G 0 i =wo pales, Cewer oye Sa se Ble Ewe poles owe ve = Unstable ole . thee aa e Unstable 0 Mulki le veal poles. Ee ee 8 ee Sole peels le (s-%) et mein BE NSIS (29) [fere| Cay eee 2 tae, le uM BI (>=)! eS = ee ie i qos: Ip Wora od nsw Lime depend m B fe 4 Of &>0, e +e wre » t Loe] 72 bnstoble 6 serie eo =\ fer alt Limes [4] +2 Unstable.Comblex onjugate poles, . Ler Gs) = Seas, Py = X45R S-Py e—" es ’ fase i x U' [ae] = bale & — 4 ot wal ] Est (pE+9) S- (4458) 5 (a5) ee defpemeh om of penodie osetlinkhy chien Esfect oF d (srrent bork of Comply potes) ane ep so wee ae = % . ose (gira) guens bb 2% deutllatey Fe Penta Unstable e (1D of co, eso wm b2@ ~ + eXtsem (pete) eengs BO mt esctllabr eat manner. Stable GD) 92 dao, 2 ny for all Himes 1 et on (atte) = Sa (At+9) bsatllnves wh ih (ort aonb lt brcle Mowginaly stable4. Poles at ia On gin ray vices pst Be aia een escer ae Gemplen plane P5= 04516 ak s Pea eoteya|: Mee a oN bi oetere