Physics Units, dimensions and measurement

CHAPTER - 01
Units, dimensions and measurement
a 10. If L, C and R denote the inductance,
1. The equation (P + V2 )(V – b) = constant. The
capacitance and resistance respectively, the
units of a is
dimensional formula for C2LR is
(a) Dyne x cm5 (b) Dyne x cm4
(a) [ML-2 T-1I-1] (b) [M0L0T3I0]
(c) Dyne / cm3 (d) Dyne / cm2
(c) [M-1L-2 T6I2] (d) [M0L0T2I0]
2. If x = at + bt2, where x is the distance travelled
11. A force F is given by F = at +bt2, where t is
by the body in kilometre while t the time in
time. What are the dimensions of a and b
seconds, then the units of b are
(a) [MLT-3] and [ML2 T-4]
(a) km/s (b) km-s
2 (b) [MLT-3] and [MLT-4]
(c) km/s (d) km-s2
(c) [MLT-1] and [MLT0]
3. The unit of absolute permittivity is (d) [MLT-4] and [MLT1]
(a) Farad - meter (b) Farad / meter
(c) Farad/meter2
(d) Farad 12. The position of a particle at time t is given by
v
the relation x(t) = ( α0)(1 - c-αt), where v0 is a
4. Unit of Stefan's constant is constant and α > 0. The dimensions of v0 and α
(a) Js-1 (b) Jm-1s-1K-4 are respectively
(c) Jm-2 (d) Js (a) [M0L1T-1] and T-1
(b) [M0L1T0] and T-1
5. The unit of surface tension in SI system is (c) [M0L1T-1] and LT-2
(a) Dyne/cm2 (b) Newton/m (d) [M0L1T-1] and T
(c) Dyne/cm (d) Newton/m2
13. The dimensions of physical quantity X in the
6. A suitable unit for gravitational constant is
equation Force z:
(a) kg metre sec-1
(a) M1L4T-2
(b) Newton metre-1 sec
(b) M2L-2T-1
(c) Newton metre2 kg-2
(c) M2L-2T-2
(d) kg metre sec-1
(d) M1L-2T-1
7. The SI unit of universal gas constant (R) is n −n
(a) Watt K-1 mol-1 14. Number of particles is given by n = -D( x2−x 1)
2 1
(b) Newton K-1 mol-1 crossing a unit area perpendicular to X- axis in
(c) Joule K-1 mol-1 unit time, where n1 and n2 are number of
(d) Erg K-1 mol-1 particles per unit volume for the value of x
meant to x2 and x1. Find dimensions of D called
8. X = 3YZ2 find dimension of Y in (MKSA) as diffusion constant
system, if X and Z are the dimension of (a) M0LT2 (b) M0L2T-4
capacity and magnetic field respectively (c) M0LT-3 (d) M0L2T-1
(a) M-3L-2T-4A-1 (b) ML-2
(c) M-3L-2T4A4 (d) M-3L-2T8A4 15. E, m, l and G denote energy, mass, angular
a
momentum an gravitational constant
9. Dimensions of μ , where symbols have their El2
0 ∈0 respectively then the dimension of m2G2 are
usual meaning, are
(a) Angle (b) Length
(a) [LT-1] (b) [L-1T]
(c) Mass (d) Time
(c) [L-2T2] (d) [L2T-2]

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Physics Units, dimensions and measurement

16. The equation of a wave is given by 23. The temperature of a body on Kelvin scale is
x found to be X K. When it is measured by a
Y = A sin ω (v − k) where ω is the angular
Fahrenheit thermometer, it is found to be X F.
velocity and v is the linear velocity. The
Then X is
dimension of k is
(a) 301.25 (b) 574.25
(a) LT (b) T
-1 (c) 313 (d) 40
(c) T (d) T2

24. Which relation is wrong

17. The potential energy of a particle varies with
(a) 1 Calorie = 4.18 Joules
A√x
distance x from a fixed origin as U = , (b) 1Å = 10-10 m
x2 +B
where A and B are dimensional constants then (c) 1 MeV = -1.6 x 10-13 Joules
dimensional formula for AB is (d) 1 Newton = 10-5 Dynes
(a) ML7/2T-2 (b) ML11/2T-2
(c) ML9/2T-2 (d) ML13/2T-2 25. To determine the Young's modulus of a wire,
F L
the formula is Y = A . ∆l; where L = length, A +
1
18. The dimensions of ∈0 E2 (∈0 permittivity of Area of cross- section of the wire, ∆L Change
2
free space; E electric field) is in length of the wire when stretched with a
(a) MLT-1 (b) ML2T-2 force F. The conversion factor to change it
(c) ML-1T-2 (d) ML2T-1 from CGS to MKS system is
(a) 1 (b) 10
19. You may not know integration. But using (c) 0.1 (d) 0.01
dimensional analysis you can check on some
results. In the integral 26. Conversion of 1 MW power on a new system
dx x having basic units of mass, length and time as
∫ (2ax− x2)1/2 = an sin-1(a − 1) the value of n is
10kg, 1dm and 1 minute respectively is
(a) 1 (b) -1
(a) 2.16 x 1012 unit (b) 1.26x1012 unit
(c) 0 (d) 1/2
(c) 2.16 x 1010 unit (d) 2 x 1014 unit
B2 I2
20. A physical quantity P = where B = magnetic 27. If the present units of length, time and mass (m,
m
induction l = length and m mass. The dimension s, kg) are changed to 100m, 100s, and 1/10kg
of P is then
(a) MLT-3 (b) ML2 T-4I-2 (a) The new unit of velocity is increased 10
(c) M2L-1T-2I (d) MLT-2I-2 times
(b) The new unit of force is decreased 1/1000
21. A physical quantity is measured and its value times
is found to be m where n =n numerical value (c) The new unit of energy is increased 10 times
and u = unit. Then which of the following (d) The new unit of pressure is increased 1000
relations is true times
(a) n ∝ u2 (b) n ∝ u
(c) n ∝ √u (d) n ∝ 1/u 28. Suppose we employ a system in which the unit
of mass equals 100 kg, the unit of length equals
22. In C.G.S. system the magnitude of the force is 1 km and the unit of time 100 s and call the unit
100 dynes. In another system where the of energy eluoj (joule written in reverse order),
fundamental physical quantities are kilogram, then
metre and minute, the magnitude of the force is (a) 1 eluoj = 104 joule
(a) 0.036 (b) 0.36 (b) 1 eluoj = 10-3 joule
(c) 3.6 (d) 36 (c) 1 eluoj = 10-4 joule
(d) 1 joule = 103 eluoj

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Physics Units, dimensions and measurement

29. If 1gm cms-1 = x NS, then number x is 34. With the usual notations, the following
equivalent to 1
equation St = u + 2 a(2t – 1) is
(a) 1 x 10-1 (b) 3 x 10-2
(a) Only numerically correct
(c) 6 x 10-4 (d) 1 x 10-5
(b) Only dimensionally correct
(c) Both numerically and dimensionally correct
30. From the dimensional consideration, which of
(d) Neither numerically nor dimensionally
the following equation is correct?
correct
R3 GM
(a) T = 2π√GM (b) T = 2π√ R3
35. If velocity v, acceleration A and force F are
GM R2 chosen as fundamental quantities, then the
(c) T = 2π√ R2 (d) T = 2π√GM
dimensional formula of angular momentum in
terms of v, A and F would be
31. A highly rigid cubical block A of small mass M
(a) FA-lv (b) Fv3A-2
and side L is fixed rigidly onto another cubical
(c) Fv2A-1 (d) F2v2A-l
block B of the same dimensions and of low
modulus of rigidity such that the lower face of A
36. The largest mass (m) that can be moved by a
completely covers the upper face of B. The lower
flowing river depends on velocity (v), density
face of B is rigidly held on a horizontal surface.
(ρ) of river water and acceleration due to
A small force F is applied perpendicular to one
gravity (g). The correct relation is
of the side faces of A. After the force is ρ 2 v4 ρv6
withdrawn block A executes small oscillations. (a) m ∝ (b) m ∝
g2 g2
The time period of which is given by ρv4 ρv6
(c) m ∝ (d) m ∝
g3 g3
Mη L
(a) 2π√ (b) 2π√Mη
L
37. If the velocity of light (c), gravitational
ML M
(c) 2π√ (d) 2π√Lη constant (G) and Planck's constant (h) are
η
chosen as fundamental units, then the
dimensions of mass in new system is
32. A small steel ball of radius r is allowed to fall
(a) c1/2G1/2h1/2 (b) c1/2G1/2h-1/2
under gravity through a column of a viscous
(c) c1/2G-1/2h1/2 (d) c-1/2G1/2h1/2
liquid of coefficient of viscosity. After some
time the velocity of the ball attains a constant
38. If the time period (T) of vibration of a liquid
value known as terminal velocity vT. The
drop depends on surface tension (S), radius (r)
terminal velocity depends on (i) the mass of the
of the drop and density (ρ) of the liquid, then
ball. (ii) η (iii) r and (iv) acceleration due to
the expression of T is
gravity g. which of the following relations is
dimensionally correct ρv3 ρ1/2 r3
(a) T = K√ (b) T = K√
Mg ηr S S
(a) vT ∝ (b) vT ∝ Mg
ηr ρr3
Mgr (c) T = K√S1/2 (d) None of these
(c) vT ∝ Mgηr (d) vT ∝ η

39. If P represents radiation pressure, C represents

33. A dimensionally consistent relation for the speed of light and Q represents radiation
volume V of a liquid of coefficient of viscosity energy striking a unit area per second, then
flowing per second through a tube of radius r non-zero integers x, y and z such that PxQyCz
and length I and having a pressure difference p is dimensionless, are
across its end, is (a) x = 1, y = 1, z = -1
πpr4 πηl
(a) V = (b) V = 8pr4 (b) x = 1, y = -1, z = 1
8ηl
8pηl πpη (c) x = -1, y = 1, z = 1
(c) V = (d) V = 8lr4
πr4 (d) x = 1, y = 1, z = -1

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Physics Units, dimensions and measurement

40. The volume V of water passing through a point 46. The mass of a box is 2.3 kg. Two marbles of
of a uniform tube during t seconds is related to masses 2.15 g and 12.39 g are added to it. The
the cross-sectional area A of the tube and total mass of the box to the correct number of
velocity u of water by the relation V ∝ Aαuβtγ significant figures is
which one of the following will be true (a) 2.340 kg
(a) α = β = γ (b) 2.3145 kg
(b) α ≠ β = γ (c) 2.3 kg
(c) α = β ≠ γ (d) 2.31 kg
(d) α ≠ β ≠ γ
47. The length of a rectangular sheet is 1.5 cm and
41. If velocity (V), force (F) and energy (E) are breadth is 1.203 cm. The area of the face of
taken as fundamental units, then dimensional rectangular sheet to the correct no. of
formula for mass will be significant figures is :
(a) v-2FOE (a) 1.8045 cm2
(b) v0FE2 (b) 1.804cm2
(c) VF-2E0 (c) 1.805 cm2
(d) V-2F0E (d) 1.8 cm2

42. Given that the amplitude A of scattered light is 48. Each side of a cube is measured to be 5.402 cm.
(i) Directly proportional to the amplitude (A0) The total surface area and the volume of the
of incident light. cube in appropriate significant figures are :
(ii) Directly proportional to the volume (V) of (a) 175.1 cm2, 157 cm2
the scattering particle (b) 175.1 cm2, 157.6 cm3
(iii) Inversely proportional to the distance (r) (c) 175 cm2, 157 cm2
from the scattered particle (d) 175.08 cm2, 157.639 cm3
(iv) Depend upon the wavelength (λ) of the
scattered light. then: 49. Taking into account the significant figures,
1 1 what is the value of 9.99 m + 0.0099 m
(a) A ∝ λ (b) A ∝ λ2
1 1 (a) 10.00 m (b) 10 m
(c) A ∝ λ3 (d) A ∝ λ4 (c) 9.9999 m (d) 10.0 m

43. Each side a cube is measured to be 7.203 m. 50. The value of the multiplication 3.124 x 4.576
The volume of the cube up to appropriate correct to three significant figures is
significant figures is (a) 14.295 (b) 14.3
(a) 373.714 (b) 373.71 (c) 14.295424 (d) 14.305
(c) 373.7 (d) 373
51. The number of the significant figures in
2
44. The number of significant figures in 0.007 m 11.118 x 10-6 V is
is (a) 3 (b) 4
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 5 (d) 6
(c) 3 (d) 4
52. If the value of resistance is 10.845 ohms and
45. The length, breadth and thickness of a block the value of current is 3.23 amperes, the
are measured as 125.5 cm, 5.0 cm and 0.32 cm potential difference is 35.02935 volts. Its value
respectively. Which one of the following in significant number would be
measurements is most accurate? (a) 35 V (b) 35.0 V
(a) Length (b) Breadth (c) 35.03 V (d) 35.025 V
(c)Thickness (d)Height

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Physics Units, dimensions and measurement

53. A physical parameter a can be determined by 57. The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum
measuring the parameters b, c, d and e using in the experiment is recorded as 2.63s, 2.56s,
the relation a = bαcβ/dγeδ. If the maximum 2.42s, 2.71s and 2.80s respectively. The
errors in the measurement of b, c, d and e are average absolute error is
b1% , c1%, d1% and e1%, then the maximum (a) 0.1s (b) 0.11s
error in the value of a determined by the (c) 0.01s (d) 1.0s
experiment is
(a) (b1 + c1 + d1 + e1) % 58. The length of a cylinder is measured with a
(b) (b1 + c1 - d1 - e1) % meter rod having least count 0.1cm. Its diameter
(c) (αb1 + βc1 - γd1 - δe1) % is measured with venier calipers having least
(d) (αb1 + βc1 + γd1 + δe1) % count 0.01cm. Given that length is 5.0 cm. and
radius is 2.0 cm. The percentage error in the
54. The pressure on a square plate is measured by calculated value of the volume will be
measuring the force on the plate and the length (a) 1% (b) 2%
of the sides of the plate. If the maximum error (c) 3% (d) 4%
in the measurement of force and length are
respectively 4% and 2%, The maximum error 59. In an experiment, the following observations
in the measurement of pressure is were recorded: L= 2.820 m, M = 3.00 kg,
(a) 1% (b) 2% l = 0.087 cm, Diameter D = 0.041 cm Taking
(c) 6% (d) 8% 4Mg
g = 9.81 m/s2 using the formula Y = , the
πD2 l
maximum permissible error in Y is
55. The relative density of material of a body is
(a) 7.96% (b) 4.56%
found by weighing it first in air and then in
(c) 6.50% (d) 8.42%
water. If the weight in air is (5.00 ± 0.05)
Newton and weight in water is (4.00 ± 0.05)
60. According to Joule's law of heating, heat
Newton. Then the relative density along with
produced H = I2Rt, where I is current, R is
the maximum permissible percentage error is
resistance and t is time. If the errors in the
(a) 5.0 ± 11% measurement of I, R and t are 3%, 4% and 6%
(b) 5.0 ± 1% respectively then error in the measurement of
(c) 5.0 ± 6% H is
(d) 1.25 ± 5% (a) ±17% (b) ±16%
(c) ±19% (d) ±25%
V
56. The resistance R i , where V = 100 ± 5 volts
and i = 10 ± 0.2 amperes. What is the total 61. A physical quantity P is gjvcn by percentage
error in R error in the measurement of kinetic energy
(a) 5 % (b) 7 % (a) 25% (b) 50%
(c) 5.2 % (d) 5/2 % (c) 100% (d) ±125%

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