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12 - L08 - Using Output For Troubleshooting and Calibration - 20210213
12 - L08 - Using Output For Troubleshooting and Calibration - 20210213
12 - L08 - Using Output For Troubleshooting and Calibration - 20210213
Output for Evaluation,
Troubleshooting, and Calibration
Copyright © 2021 Kleinschmidt Associates
This lecture includes some material produced by the Hydrologic Engineering Center in
Davis, CA.
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Overview
• How do we visualize/analyze RAS results in RAS Mapper?
• How do we compare different plans?
• Troubleshooting/Debugging
• Calibration
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Results Mapping
• Dynamic Mapping – on‐the‐fly mapping
• Animation of results without waiting
• Stored Maps – results written to file
* = There was a problem reading data
Visualizing results is best done in RAS Mapper using either dynamic or stored maps.
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Results Mapping
Map Type | Profile/Parameter | Mode
Default maps: Depth, Water Surface Elevation, Velocity
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You can add many different map types to RAS Mapper depending on the type of analysis
you are doing. The default maps that are created automatically with each completed
simulation are depth, WSE, and velocity.
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Example Maps
•Depth •Velocity
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Arrival Time
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Hazard Mapping
D*V or D*V2
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Inundation Boundary
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Results Layer Properties
You can change the scaling of each map type added to RAS Mapper depending on how you
want to view the results. This is most handy when trying to identify “hot spots” of velocity
or other results, or if you have specific criteria your project has to meet. For instance for
many fish passage projects there are minimum depth and maximum velocity criteria that
must be met in order for the project to be approved.
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Map Types – Dynamic vs Stored
• Dynamic: Computed on‐the‐fly
• Smooth: Computes to screen‐resolution
• Doesn’t use disk space
• Stored: Computed to terrain resolution
• Stored to disk
• Faster rendering for slow map types
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Dynamic vs Stored Results
• Dynamic results plot values for the current pyramid level.
Boundaries are defined based on interpolation.
• Stored results have a single value per cell.
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Dynamic Mapping
• Animation Toolbar – works on active layer
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Dynamic Mapping ‐ Animation
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Stored Maps
• Map status message on
cursor tool tip
Right‐slick options:
• Edit Map Parameters
• Compute Map
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Render Mode Options
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Results Interpolation
• Render mode options allow for interpolation of water surface
elevation values or plotting values at the cell center.
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Horizontal vs Sloping Surface
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Sloping Surface Mapping Issues
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Hydraulic Connectivity
• Hydraulic connectivity from mesh
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Questions?
What we Covered
• Mapping Results
• Type
• Location
• Display
• Dynamic vs Stored
• Layer Properties
• Render Mode
• Hydraulic Connectivity
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Poll Question #1
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Results Query
• 2D Flow Area query
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2D Flow Area Queries
• Hydraulic Properties
• Time Series
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Velocity Results
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Velocity Arrows
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Velocity Tracing
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Velocity Tracing ‐ Animation
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Profile Lines – User Defined
• Sample map values along a line
• Compare multiple results
• Animate
• Utilized for Calibration
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Water Surface and Terrain
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Profile Line ‐ Comparison
• Turn on multiple result maps
• Highlight ‘Results’ node
• Choose a Profile (i.e. ‘Max’)
• Choose Plots | Map Type (from Map or on Profile Line)
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Profile Lines ‐ Comparison
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Profile Lines ‐ Animating
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Section Lines ‐ Animating
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Section Lines are drawn transverse to the flow lines. These are useful for visualizing water
surface elevation and plotting flow hydrographs.
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Profile Lines ‐ Velocity
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Questions?
What we Covered
• Result Query
• Velocity Results
• Arrows
• Tracing
• Connection
• Using Profile Lines to Analyze
Results
• Animations
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Troubleshooting
• Dynamic Maps
• Profile Lines
• SA/2D Connections
• 1D Elements
• Structures
• Cross Sections
• Profile Plots
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There are a number of ways to troubleshoot a HEC‐RAS 1D/2D model using both 1D and 2D
output.
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Dynamic Maps and Profile Lines
• High Courant Number
• Cell Connectivity
• Time Series Plots
• Pulsing
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Dynamic Maps and Profile Lines
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SA/2D Connections
• Check Stage and Flow Hydrographs of SA/2D Connections for:
• Unstable water headwater/tailwater elevations
• Unrealistic changes in flow
• Positive to negative flow swings
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SA/2D Connections
Example:
• Head water and tailwater are virtually the same
• Sharp changes in flow and positive/negative flow swings
• 100% of flow is through culvert (no weir flow)
• Likely a highly submerged connection
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• Head water and tailwater are virtually the same
• Sharp changes in flow and positive/negative flow swings
• Likely a highly submerged connection
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SA/2D Connections
Solution:
• Larger Cells
• Smaller timesteps
• Increase Manning’s roughness through culvert
• Add a flap gate
• Increase Stability Factors and Decay Exponents
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• Head water and tailwater are virtually the same
• Sharp changes in flow and positive/negative flow swings
• Likely a highly submerged connection
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1D Model Elements
• Profile Plot
• Cross Section Plot
• Energy Grade Line
• Critical Depth
• Summary Tables
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Troubleshooting Tips
• Start simple. Add model elements incrementally.
• Courant Numbers
• Is your Computation Interval too high?
• Use the Courant Number Map
• Remember: HEC‐RAS likes changes to happen gradually. Look for
ways to lessen significant changes.
• Smaller Cells
• Smaller Computation Intervals
• Higher Manning’s n Values
• Sudden drop in terrain? Consider using a Structure.
• Dampening techniques
• Mixed Flow LPI Factor (1D)
• Increase Stability Factors and Decay Exponents
• Initial Conditions Problems?
• Initial Conditions Time
• Warm‐up Time
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Troubleshooting Resources
• The Manuals!
• “Common Model Stability Problems in Unsteady Flow”
– Gary Brunner, Presentation
• The RAS Solution
• Oct 8, 2013 post: “My Unsteady HEC‐RAS
Model is Unstable…Why?”
• Full Momentum Vodcast
• HEC‐RAS User’s Groups
• Facebook
• LinkedIn
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2D Model Calibration
• Sources of Calibration Data
• Calibration Methods
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Sources of Calibration Data
• Surveyed High Water Marks
• Aerial Imagery
• Stream Gage Data
• Flow
• Stage
• Local Witnesses/Authorities
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High Water Marks
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High Water Marks
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Aerial Imagery
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Aerial Imagery
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Aerial Imagery
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Aerial Imagery
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Stream Gage Data
• 1D Approach To 2D Calibration
• Match Stage and Flow Data at Specific Profile
Lines/Structures
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Poll Question #2 and #3
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Questions?
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