EXAMPLES

Janie runs a farm, it produces different crops, including wheat. The number of bushels of wheat produced by the farm each year
depends on the number of plots of land that are devoted to growing wheat.
 n= the number of bushels of wheat produced each year
p = the number of plots of land devoted to growing wheat
 Which of the variables is independent and which is dependent?
- p is the independent variable
- n is the dependent variable

DOMAIN AND RANGE OF A

FUNCTION
DOMAIN
 The domain is the set of all possible x-values which will make the function "work", and will output real y-values.

RANGE
 The range of a function is the complete set of all possible resulting values of the dependent variable (y, usually), after we
have substituted the domain.
 A relation is a set of ordered pairs
(x,y) where x is the input and y is the
output. In other words, it is called a
What is a Relation?
relation if an ordered pair is a set of
inputs and outputs and represents a
What is a Function? Function
relationship is a relation
between that
the two for each
values.
input, there is only one output. In a

Introduction
more simple explanation, and it is
represented in many ways just like
relation.

Scrapbook
in
Math
 Independent and
Dependent Variable
&
Domain and Range of a
Functio
 




RECOGNIZING
FUNCTION
An x-value of a function cannot
correspond to more than one y-value.

One method that determines this is
vertical line test. A relation is a function if
there are no vertical lines that intersect the
graphed relation in more than one point.
Independent variable
 An independent variable is a variable that represents a quantity
that is being manipulated in an experiment.
 x is often the variable used to represent the independent variable
 in an equation. It is because any integer can be assigned to it.
 This variable controls the dependent variable.

DEPENDENT VARIABLE
 The dependent variable is the one that depends on the value of
some other number.
 Dependent variable depends on the independent variable.
 y is often the variable used to represent the dependent variable
 in an equation, because its value depend on the value of x.

EXAMPLES
Janie runs a farm, it produces different crops, including wheat. The number of bushels
of wheat produced by the farm each year depends on the number of plots of land that are
devoted to growing wheat.

Let x be the in
 HOW TO FIND DOMAIN
In general, we determine the domain of each function by
looking for those values of the independent variable (usually x)
which we are allowed to use.

HOW TO FIND RANGE

 The range of a function is the spread of possible y-values
(minimum y-value to maximum y-value)
 Substitute different x-values into the expression for y to see
what is happening
 Make sure you look for minimum and maximum values of y.
 Draw a sketch! In math, it's very true that a picture is worth a
thousand words.
 The domain is the set {A,B,C,E}{A,B,C,E} . DD is not
in the domain, since the function is not defined for DD .
 The range is the set {1,3,4}{1,3,4} . 22 is not in the
range, since there is no letter in the domain that gets
mapped to 2 .

Ordered Pairs
  {(0,7),(0,8),(1,7),(1,8),(1,9),(2,10)}{(0,7),(0,8),(1,7),(1,8),(1,9),
(2,10)} .
- The domain is the set of x -coordinates, {0,1,2}
- The range is the set of y -coordinates, {7,8,9,10} 
- . Note that the domain elements 11 and 22 are associated with more than one

Functions
1
 f(x)= x
- is all real numbers except zero (since at x=0 , the function is undefined: division
by zero is not allowed!).
- The range is also all real numbers except zero. You can see that there is some
point on the curve for every y -value except y=0 .