1

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

One of the oldest continuously existing cultures in the entire world is

Korean culture. Today's Korea, which has been divided into North and South

Korea, has even more pronounced cultural distinctions. However, at one time

the entire Korean peninsula and even southern Manchuria shared this cultural

and historical history in a remarkably similar manner. The history, traditions,

and beliefs of Korea are all part of its culture. It has been influenced by each of

its several dynasties, wars, shifts in religious doctrine, global industrialization,

and a variety of other customs and traditions that have been passed down

through centuries, undergoing modest alterations with each generational pass.

According to 90Day Korean (2022) The Korean culture is one of the oldest

continuous cultures in the whole wide world. Today, starker cultural

differences exist in today’s Korea, which has been split into North and South

Korea. However, originally this cultural and historical heritage was shared

quite identically across the entire Korean peninsula and even southern

Manchuria. Korean culture comprises all of its history, customs, traditions,

and beliefs. It has been shaped by each of its different dynasties, wars, changes

in religious beliefs, the modernization of the world as a whole, and many other

customs and traditions that have passed on between generations, experiencing

slight changes with each generational pass.

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The word ‘Fashion’ is the derived from the Latin word factiōn-, meaning

“a making, company, party.” People present themselves in fashion. It is the skill

of using clothing to express your sense of beauty. Fashion is the act of clothing

in a way that highlights your physical features and conveys to onlookers your

superb sense of style. It also serves as a reflection of our society from a larger

perspective. Today, self-expression comes through fashion more than anything

else. Fashion reflects the most recent trends and moves as quickly as ever,

expressing who you are in a matter of seconds. What is in style now reaches its

height of popularity before fading away. In addition to clothing and accessories,

fashion also refers to a wide range of other aspects of daily life. In addition to

clothing and accessories, fashion also includes a wide range of other aspects of

daily life. You can be trendy in your choice of home, car, decor, and even the

locations where you dine and unwind. Fashion is how people present

themselves. It is the art of expressing your sense of beauty through clothes.

Fashion is dressing in clothes that bring out the best of your body while

impressing to others the excellent taste of the wearer. From a broader

perspective, it is also a reflection of the society we live in. Fashion is more of a

self -expression than anything else today. It expresses what you are in a matter

of seconds. Fashion mirrors the latest trends and it is moving very fast, faster

than ever. What is fashionable today, achieves its peak of popularity and then

disappears. Fashion also encompasses many other things in our everyday life,

other than clothes and accessories – you can be fashionable in your choice of
 3

home, car, its decor, even the places where you eat and relax. (Sarina Tariq,

2022)

Korean fashion is a current look. It can also be chic or even adorable. We are

aware that New York, Paris, Tokyo, Milan, and London are the great fashion

capitals. The South Korean city of Seoul, however, is actually rather close to

becoming incorporated into the cities that act as the most illustrious fashion

centers. Even though Korean design has a lot of casual styles, they don't

always stick to the norm. They dare to experiment with their attire! The anxiety

of combining different pieces has vanished, making this approach appealing.

Everything is acceptable and lovely, including dresses over pants, shirts under

skirts, long socks, even jeans! According to Scarled Andrade (2021), Korean

fashion is a trendy style that differs from Western fashion because it tends to

be more discreet. It is also elegant or even cute. We know that the great fashion

capitals are New York, Paris, Tokyo, Milan, and London. But the truth is that

Seoul, the capital of South Korea, is not far from being integrated into the cities

that serve as the most famous fashion stages. Even if there are many casual

looks in Korean fashion, they do not stay in the ordinary. They dare to play

with their clothes! With the non-existent fear of mixing one piece with another,

this trend has achieved popularity. Dresses over pants, shirts inside dresses,

long socks and jeans, everything is valid and beautiful! Korean style always

thinks about people’s comfort.

It is important to have a style in fashion because your style define on

how you present yourself. Majority of the fashion style nowadays was
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influenced by the Korean popular cultures and most of the students wore this

kind of fashion style. This research is important because it will talk about the

influence of Korean popular cultures in terms of fashion style and through this

research people could learn on how did the students adapt the fashion style of

Korean popular culture.

Since the majority of the fashion styles that the students wore were

influenced by Koreans, some of the senior high school students are already

embracing the Korean Culture in terms of fashion style; however, accepting the

Korean Fashion Style will not always result in the desired outcome. Senior high

students dress in Korean-inspired clothing. When senior high students see

their favorite artists (actors or idol groups) dressed nicely, they will try

everything they can to emulate them, which is not a good thing. Accepting and

embracing Korean culture in terms of dress style can result in forgetting the

culture they already have.

In conclusion, Korean culture is the oldest continually existent culture in

the world, yet even so, it has a significant impact on every nation. People

present themselves in fashion. Fashion is the act of dressing in a way that

draws attention to your physical attributes and shows off your impeccable

sense of style to observers. It also acts as a larger-scale representation of our

society. The fashion sense of the students was influenced by Korean. Western

fashion is different from the contemporary style of Korean fashion. It is crucial

to carry out this research because it will allow us to understand how Korean

culture has influenced Western fashion. The majority of the student's clothing
 5

Korean culture is that it doesn't always lead to the desired results, and it also

causes people to lose sight of their own culture.

Significance of the Study

The result of the study will be beneficial for the following;

To the Students, it will help them learn more about the Fashion style of

the Koreans and it could help them improve their fashion style. It will also help

them to be more confident on presenting themselves.

To the Teachers, they will be encourage to teach their students because

they can see that their students are presentable.

To the School, their students will be more presentable and having a

presentable students can make the school prettier.

To the Community, the people their will be more confident on showing

themselves because they know what style suits them.

To the Future researchers, they can use this research for future

purposes.

Statement Of The Problem

General objectives:

The main goal of this study is to determine the influence of Korean

popular culture to Senior High School Student’s fashion style, it aims to

answer the following questions:

Specific Objectives:
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1. What are the popular cultures known by the respondents in terms of

fashion styles?

2. What are the influence of Korean Cultures on the Fashion of the

students?

3. How students adopt the Korean Popular Cultures on the Fashion style?

Research Paradigm

There are popular cultures

that the respondents known
in terms of fashion styles
m

Influence of Korean Popular

Korean Cultures has an Culture To Senior High
influence in terms of Fashion School Students’ in terms of
Style Fashion style

The students’ adopt the

Korean Popular Cultures on
the Fashion Styles
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Conceptual Framework

Having a fashion style can make the students more presentable outside

the school and fashion style will define on how the students present themselves

but, not all fashion style suits everyone, it still depends on what kind of style.

When choosing a fashion style people should know whether it suits them or not

because having a fashion style that suits the person it can make him/her more

confident on showing his/herself.

Scope and Delimitation

This study is to focus and determine how did Korean popular cultures

influenced the fashion style of the senior high students and what are the

effects of adopting the fashion style of Koreans. And the purpose of this

research is to know the influenced of Korean Popular Cultures in terms of

fashion styles of senior high students’ in Luis Palad Integrated High School .

Definition of Terms

For better understanding of the terms used in the study, the following

terms are operationally defined:

Fashion is a popular trend, especially in styles of dress and ornament

or manners of behavior.

Fashion style popular at a particular time, especially in clothes, hair, make-

up, etc.

Korean Fashion is a blend of both traditional prints and colors mixed with

modern fashion.
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Korean Popular Cultures is one of the oldest continuous cultures in the whole

wide world.

Student a person who is studying at school.

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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Related Literature

According to Asian Social Science (2009) as cited by The Canadian

Science and Education (2023), Korean popular culture such as movies, TV

dramas, and pop music is overwhelmingly powerful and TV dramas are one of

the most remarkable popular cultures of these. They are not only popular in

terms of the fanaticalness of audiences and fans, but also bring considerable

profit to the national income. Cultural imperialism to be a new form of

economic imperialism. The Korean wave brings a different level of Korean fever

in certain East Asian countries, such as China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore,

Japan, and the Philippines.

Yu (2008) as cited by EduBirdie (2022) stated that, Korean Culture’s

rising popularity worldwide is called Korean Wave. Outside Korea, the Korean

popular culture that spread mainly by the use of mass media is now enjoying

high popularity and this is how the Korean Wave occurs. The rising Korean

sensation is also known as Hallyu, a Korean pronunciation of the Korean Wave

defined by the Korean Tourism Organization (2004) as the resulting cultural

phenomenon of South Korean pop culture that spreads all over the world (Kim

& Ryoo, 2007). Korean Wave (Hallyu) includes Korean dramas, music (k-pop),

movies, celebrities, mobile applications, food, appliances, cosmetics as well as

fashion.
 10

Korean culture comprises all of its history, customs, traditions, and

beliefs. It has been shaped by each of its different dynasties, wars, changes in

religious beliefs, the modernization of the world as a whole, and many other

customs and traditions that have passed on between generations, experiencing

slight changes with each generational pass. The lasting tensions between North

and South Korea, which were split into their separate countries in 1945,

continue to shape up both countries today. On a perhaps more visible surface,

Korean culture also consists of its food, holidays, national sports, and societal

norms, as well as its popular culture in the form of music, movies, dramas,

and fashion. And those are just some of the small pieces of what the culture is

as a whole. (90Day Korean,2022)

According to Beyza Dogan (2022), Korean popular culture is based on the

Korean language and does not take its power from the diaspora or cultural

proximity based on the consumption of media from or close to one’s own

culture (19). It has become hegemonic, but it is mimicry by nature. Hence,

hegemonic mimicry differs from other cultural theories that explain the spread

of one country’s culture, such as flows from the Global South or media

imperialism.

Korean popular culture such as movies, TV dramas, and pop music is

overwhelmingly powerful and TV dramas are one of the most remarkable

popular cultures of these. They are not only popular in terms of the

fanaticalness of audiences and fans, but also bring considerable profit to the
 11

national income. Cultural imperialism to be a new form of economic

imperialism. (The Canadian Center of Science and education, 2023)

Sarina Tariq (2022) stated that, Fashion is how people present

themselves. It is the art of expressing your sense of beauty through clothes.

Fashion is dressing in clothes that bring out the best of your body while

impressing to others the excellent taste of the wearer. From a broader

perspective, it is also a reflection of the society we live in. Fashion mirrors the

latest trends and it is moving very fast, faster than ever. There has been a

change from the past when clothes were a means of displaying wealth and

position. Fashion is more of a self-expression than anything else today. It

expresses what you are in a matter of seconds. What is fashionable today,

achieves its peak of popularity and then disappears. When we look at a fashion

style that was last season, we know it is dated. 

Fashion is defined as "the cultural construction of the embodied identity.

As such, it encompasses all forms of self-fashioning, including street styles, as

well as so-called high fashion created by designers and couturiers. Fashion also

alludes to the way in which things are made; to fashion something is to make it

in a particular form. Most commonly, fashion is defined as the prevailing style of

dress or behavior at any given time, with the strong implication that fashion is

characterized by change

Fashion is the most general term and applies to any way of dressing,

behaving, writing, or performing that is favored at any one time or place. It is

 12

also define as the prevailing style (as in dress) during a particular time.

(Merriam Webster, 2023).

According to Textile Apex (2023) Fashion may be defined as the dressing

according to what’s fashionable now and Style is more about being yourself.

Fashion is what we see now on TV, Fashion Show, and Magazines. Fashion can

be anything like dresses, make-up, shoes, accessories etc. which being made

popular by fashion houses, model, actors and actresses. 

Veerendra (2020) stated that fashion means to be updated, to be

sophisticated, and to be following styling patterns of the current times. Fashion

includes one's clothing style, hairstyle, and style of make-up and other

accessories in adorning oneself.

Korean fashion style. It is a sort of relaxed street fashion or Korean street

wear, mixing together the aesthetics of rock and hip hop into street fashion

pieces. Especially the top part is often oversized or baggy, though men also like

relaxed fit pants and shorts to go with it. While many do share the same sense

of style, there are also distinct differences between these styles, apart from the

Korean clothing brands they belong to. (90Day Korean, 2022).

According to Adetula Ayanfe Treasure (2022), K-fashion, the combination

of prints is quite distinctive compared to other cultures. Rather than exploring,

they stick to one or two prints, keeping it simple and minimal yet classy. When

it comes to colors, in other cultures, vibrant, energetic color like neon and

bubbly colors are the trend, while it is the opposite in K-fashion. People who
 13

dress in vibrant colors in Korea are easily portrayed as less fashionable. They

wear solid neutral shades and basic color palettes, keeping fashion simple but

in a bold style. If you search for Korean fashion aesthetics, you will most likely

be met with muted colors and pastel colors.

Seoul Cosmetic surgery (2020) stated that Korean fashion is a blend of

both traditional prints and colors mixed with modern fashion. Their sense of

style is conservative and fun but still practical. Fashion in Korea has always

revolved around the notion of dressing according to the occasion. Koreans pick

out garments that are functional, and appropriate for a certain time and place.

If going to a high end event, they will dress cool and elegant. If they are going to

a laid back fashion show, they will dress in their best street style. Some of the

current trends in Korea are plaid and checkered prints. Cool blazers, cute

miniskirts, and slim pants are walking down the runway this year. With a fun

yet clean touch, these prints are statement makers. Another trend this year

includes revamped denim. Denim dresses, skirts, tops, and jumpsuits are

turning heads. With printed, frayed, embellished, and destroyed denim

garments there are endless ways to pair these new and inventive garments.

K-fashion is a trendy style that differs from Western fashion because it

tends to be more discreet. It is also elegant or even cute. We know that the

great fashion capitals are New York, Paris, Tokyo, Milan, and London. But the

truth is that Seoul, the capital of South Korea, is not far from being integrated
 14

into the cities that serve as the most famous fashion stages. (Korean Fashion

trends, 2020)

Michael Hurt (2020) stated that, Korean Fashion is a hybridically-

presented, meta-textually argued engagement/critique with the very media

forms and conventions that constitute it, while vociferously masquerading to

not be doing exactly what it is doing — being “meta” as the popular parlance

now.

Related Studies

Korean popular culture is becoming an increasingly globalized

phenomenon and globally popular in many parts of the world allows South

Korea to utilize its pop cultural sectors to access, tap and break into foreign

entertainment markets. By tapping into social networking services and the

video sharing platform YouTube, the K-pop industry’s ability to secure a sizable

overseas audience has facilitated a noticeable rise in the global proliferation of

the genre. (Diana, 2016)

According to Kyung Hyun Kim et al. (2014), The Korean Popular Culture

Reader provides a timely and essential foundation for the study of "K-pop,"

relating the contemporary cultural landscape to its historical roots. The essays

in this collection reveal the intimate connections of Korean popular culture, or

hallyu, to the peninsula's colonial and postcolonial histories, to the nationalist

projects of the military dictatorship, and to the neoliberalism of twenty-first-

 15

century South Korea. Combining translations of seminal essays by Korean

scholars on topics ranging from sports to colonial-era serial fiction with new

work by scholars based in fields including literary studies, film and media

studies, ethnomusicology, and art history, this collection expertly navigates the

social and political dynamics that have shaped Korean cultural production over

the past century.

South Korea has long been influenced culturally by several countries

such as China, Japan and the United States. However, in about 20 years, the

country has become a powerhouse of popular culture especially in Asia. It is

now one of the most influential in the world and gain popularity in Europe and

Americas. At the same time, the entertainment industry of the nation has also

emerged. Referred as Hallyu in Korean, the Korean Wave concerns mainly

music, movies and television serial dramas. It first began with the export of

soap operas. Recently, the movement has been going faster and stronger

thanks to the digital media. Lead by the idol groups, the Korean popular music

is at the center of the phenomenon. The popularity of this phenomenon

benefits to the nation as people has started to get interest in the country. It

also leads to some important impacts, such as social and economic impacts.

Different factors lied behind the success of the Hallyu, and the cultural

content. In addition, many key reasons entice people in this popular culture.

Thao, E. DO. (2012).

According to Kyung, H. K. et.al (2014), The phenomenon of the Korean

Wave, namely the growing popularity of K-pop, Korean dramas, Korean films,
 16

and Korean television variety shows around the world, has received much

media and scholarly attention and has given rise to Hallyu studies.  What is

missing and needs systematic investigation is a careful empirical examination

of the reception of Korean popular culture in the United States, arguably the

most difficult media market to penetrate for non-Western cultural products. In

this very first empirical study on the spread of Korean popular culture in the

United States, we seek to examine the factors behind the appeal of Korean pop

culture across racially and ethnically diverse groups of Americans. The

question of how Americans of diverse racial backgrounds come to form their

views of and attitudes toward Korea and Korean culture, and how these change

through engagement with global cultural products like South Korean popular

culture is of utmost significance since interest in and appreciation for Korean

pop culture can promote cosmopolitan outlooks that help break down national

and cultural barriers. 

Modern Korean popular culture is a product of combining national

features and the impacts of other cultures, including both regional and

Western ones. As a result of this hybridity, Korean culture is viewed as less

nationally specific but more adapted to attract the representatives of other

cultures (Jung 3). Therefore, being discussed in the context of soft power,

Korean popular culture succeeded in spreading its values regarding music,

media, cinema, and food. K-pop was developed as a genre of Korean popular

music that became interesting to the world audience because of mixing Asian

and Western elements (Shim 40). Thus, transcultural and transnationalization

 17

in relation to Korean pop culture became the result of globalization. Korean

Popular Culture: Attractiveness and Popularity Proposal Essay (2022),

According to Sang, R.L et. al (2016), Fashion Style trends come and go;

meanwhile a society’s values are established and evolving characteristic to

their beliefs and culture. Fashion is just not an ambitious projected image of a

reinterpreted good old value to fulfill some function or agenda alike but rather

a evocative and refreshing concept worthy enough to be portrayed for society’s

appreciation that makes us even more instinctive. In the society, the

individual’s appearance is the ticket to transmit non-verbal communication

signals such as possible cues about his / her social stature, values and

lifestyle. Fashion communication has under gone a 360 degree shift in its

communicable aspects staring from projecting a basic image of how we look

like and how we feel like to expressing our emotional experiences through

interactive implements in the dress.

Fashion, for its part, is a term much loved and hated, with two rather

distinct meanings – clothing and something that is popular (and usually short-

lived). In this way the concept of fashion is both narrower and broader than the

concepts of dress and clothes. Scholars of fashion are not interested in the

universal phenomenon of dress, but in cultural and historical developments in

Europe and the West. Fashion is usually seen as a geographically specific

system for the production and organization of dress, emerging over the course

of the fourteenth century in the European courts, particularly the French court
 18

of Louis XIV, and developing with the rise of mercantile capitalism. Historically,

in the 19th century Europe it was possible to talk about ‘fashionable society’.

The techniques of making clothes and accessories, copying models is a

factor of too much importance, because the methods are only learned after

their repetition in exhaustion, and this is about to evaluate the already

manufactured product, often to undo it in order to identify the smallest details

of how to run it. Learning to manufacture on an industrial scale was only

possible thanks to the understanding of technical manuals, and after that, had

been managed to adapt to the production machines. In addition to speed,

fashion's industrialization also brought, therefore, the standardization of

products. The speed in which produces ready‐to‐wear checked quickly in the

way of consuming fashion products, so the desires of consumers for novelty

also had been accelerated. Emma, W.H. (2018)

According to Younkue, N. et. al (2021), Fashion, Style & Popular

Culture is a peer-reviewed journal specifically dedicated to the area of fashion

scholarship and its interfacings with popular culture. It was established to

provide an interdisciplinary environment for fashion academics and

practitioners to publish innovative scholarship in all aspects of fashion and

popular culture relating to design, textiles, production, promotion,

consumption and appearance-related products and services. Articles related to

history, manufacturing, aesthetics, sourcing, marketing, branding,

merchandising, retailing, technology, psychological/sociological aspects of

dress, style, body image, and cultural identities, as well as purchasing,

 19

shopping, and the ways and means consumers construct identity as associated

to Fashion, Style & Popular Culture are welcomed.

Fashion Style is something that we deal with every day of our life. In

general, fashion is a term for a popular style or practice, especially in clothing,

footwear, accessories, makeup, body piercing, or furniture. Fashion is

something that is always changing and one can find a lot of changes in fashion

since its evolution in the history. Fashion refers to a distinctive and often

habitual trend in the style with which a person dresses, as well as to prevailing

styles in behavior. Fashion in general sense is promoted by the way celebrities

dress. These may include popular pop stars, film-stars or sports person. People

generally follow the latest style statement adopted by these celebrities. Fashion

also refers to the newest creations of textile designers. The more technical

term, costume, has become so linked to the term "fashion" that the use of the

former has been relegated to special senses like fancy dress or masquerade

wear, while "fashion" means clothing more generally and the study of it.

Although aspects of fashion can be feminine or masculine, some trends are

androgynous. Nithyaprakash, V. (2023)

Korean Fashion reflects various cultures, including the spirit and the

lifestyle of the period. South Korea has experienced rapid social changes,

including the Korean War, industrial development, and the inflow of Western

influence. Modern Korean fashion has developed along with these changes.

Acceptance of suits and the reformism of the Hanbok are the two notable

changes in Korean fashion Style. Gyungja Choi, and her fashion show, is
 20

known for combining modern fashion and traditional beauty by entwining

traditional Korean fashion design elements into modern fashion. Gyungja Choi

as a fashion designer, a fashion education executive who cultivated fashion

designers through the education business, and a fashion publisher who

published the first professional costume magazine. This research classified the

Korean-style design elements in Gyungja Choi`s fashion show by analyzing the

clothes exhibited in her fashion shows. In conclusion, Choi`s design utilized

Korean-style fashion design elements, such as line, colors, patterns, and

materials. Which can be said to be the introduction period that expressed

Korean style image in fashion considering the period.

Korean dramas acculturate Filipinos, especially the students by watching

them, now that Korean Wave, also called as Hallyu, is striking the culture of

the Philippines through different mediums. Korean dramas are successful and

are loved by the Filipino audience ever since it first aired on television.

Specifically, the researchers focused on fashion, make-up and hairstyle

influence of Korean dramas on Filipino students on the premise that young

people are likely to follow what they like as stated in the Super Peer Theory.

This study showed that both have positive views in terms of presentation and

influence of the fashion styles portrayed in Korean dramas. However, the it

showed that positive views and influence are two different things and that

despite the Filipino students positive views of Korean fashion on TV, they

choose to conserve their culture. Filipinos remain neutral by not practicing the

fashion styles portrayed in the dramas daily except on some special occasions
 21

because they find Korean fashion unsuitable for them and their own culture. In

the final analysis Korean dramas just broaden the fashion style choices of the

Filipino students.

Korean fashion Style is especially unique because it’s “universal and

agile… remixing ubiquitous Western trends with the distinct styling details that

are rife in the streets of Seoul” (Dhillon 2017). This requires balancing a

tradition of “Confucian ideology” within the hypermodern aesthetic of Seoul

(Dhillon 2017). Youth consumers “take greater fashion risks” while remaining

entrenched in global streetwear trends (Amarca 2017). Seoul is a city that

embodies “a collision of old and new, permanent and fleeting” (Halpern 2017).

Although the tradition of Confucianism focuses on “group culture,” today,

“young Koreans are thinking more for themselves” in terms of their fashion

choices (Sullivan 2011, 400). Fashion in Seoul is seen as being “still tempered

by the reservedness found in Korean public culture and the concern that most

folk still have about the approval and disapproval of others” (Hurt 2017).

Fashion in Korea is inherently in conversation with the “fashion world,” and

thus part of Korea’s success in fashion is striking balance between the

“essential” and the “universal,” i.e. influence from global streetwear brands

with Korea’s “distinct” and “eccentric” style (Dhillon 2017).

The big picture of Hallyu, creator media is creating a strategic

environment where Korean fashion/beauty Style creators can share the flow of

sustainable Hallyu mass culture through K-drama, K-pop, K-culture, and K-

media content. Consequently, many Korean Fashion Style creators are

 22

popularizing Korean-style fashion, style, makeup, skincare know-how, and

other fashion/beauty information, and the proportion of views of the content

produced by Korean fashion/beauty creators is increasing. Products

recommended by creators gain considerable attention online, sell out quickly,

or show significant marketing and cultural ripple effects; therefore, it is a good

time to have additional effects of distribution activation based on creators’

expertise. Given this background, the strategic use of creator media to

distribute content produced by individual Korean fashion/beauty creators with

outstanding content production capabilities and ki (talent) can create an

opportunity to further activate and sustain the Hallyu boom and its overseas

market development.

According to Impact of Fashion on Students (2023), Korean Fashion

reflects various cultures, including the spirit and the lifestyle of the period.

South Korea has experienced rapid social changes, including the Korean War,

industrial development, and the inflow of Western influence. Modern Korean

fashion Style has developed along with these changes. Acceptance of suits and

the reformism of the Hanbok are the two notable changes in Korean fashion.

Gyungja Choi, and her fashion show, is known for combining modern fashion

and traditional beauty by entwining traditional Korean fashion design elements

into modern fashion.

Synthesis

To sum it up, The Korean Wave is caused by the enormous popularity of

Korean popular culture, which was mostly disseminated via the use of mass
 23

media. Korean popular culture, which includes movies, TV dramas, and pop

music, is incredibly influential. TV dramas are among this culture's most

outstanding examples. People present themselves in fashion. It is the skill of using

clothing to convey your sense of beauty. Fashion is dressing in clothing that

highlight your greatest features while also stunning onlookers with your excellent

sense of style. To fashion anything is to create it in a specific form. Traditional

designs and colors are combined with modern clothing in Korean fashion. Their

sense of fashion is traditional, enjoyable, and nevertheless grounded in reality.

You will probably encounter subdued and pastel colors in Korean fashion trends.

With a playful yet refined flair, these patterns create a statement. Refreshed denim

is another trend this year. Denim jumpsuits, dresses, skirts, and tops are in style.

Korean popular culture is a result of the blending of regional and Western

influences with national characteristics. Cultural influences from many nations,

including China, Japan, and the United States, have historically influenced South

Korea. In this study of Korean popular culture in the US, we look at what makes

Korean culture so appealing to Americans of different racial and ethnic

backgrounds. Fashion style fads come and go, but a society's values are created

and constantly changing in accordance with its beliefs and culture. Fashion is

simply not a lofty projected image of a reinterpreted good old value to serve some

function or agenda alike, but rather an evocative and refreshing thought worthy of

being portrayed for society's admiration. We deal with fashion and style every day

of our lives. A trendy style or practice, particularly in regards to apparel, footwear,

accessories, makeup, body piercing, or furniture, is generally referred to as

"fashion." Korean fashion represents a variety of civilizations, as well as the mood

 24

and way of life of the time. The Korean War, the rise of industry, and the influx of

Western culture have all contributed to South Korea's swift social change.

components of Korean fashion design, including line, colors, patterns, and

materials. Korean fashion represents a variety of civilizations, as well as the mood

and way of life of the time. The Korean War, the rise of industry, and the influx of

Western culture have all contributed to South Korea's swift social change. The

Hallyu boom and its expansion into other markets can be further activated and

sustained by Korean fashion and beauty creators with exceptional content

production skills.
 25

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter describes how the researchers interviewed and

gathered all the necessary data and information that would be used in the

study. This also identifies the respondents and focus of the research. Likewise,

it shows the procedure data collection and instruments used. This chapter

presents the research design and research locale where the study would be

conducted.

Research Design

This study employed descriptive type of research because the researchers

analyzed and described a certain phenomenon which is the influence of Korean

Popular Cultures to the senior high school students’ fashion style. This study

is Qualitative because this aims to gather non-numerical data. Moreover,

Qualitative research is non- statistical and non-numerical data, it is based on

observation and in-depth understanding of underlying reasons and motivation.

Research Environment

The research locale of the study comprised the places where the study

took place. The reseachers focused on the students of Luis Palad Integrated

High School, specifically Senior High School students taking any strand in

Tayabas City. Futhermore, the locale was chosen because of the diverse nature

of the target respondents. The respondents were interviewed at any comfortable

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place they chose. Senior High School students from this school have their own

diverse opinions that can be helpful for the researchers to have a better result

for their study.

Research Participants/Informants

The researchers interviewed twenty (20) Senior High students in Luis

Palad Integrated High School who served as their respondents who gave a valid

information or opinion. The researchers choose Senior High students because

majority of their fashion style was influenced by the Korean Popular Cultures.

In addition, they are a great help for the researcher.

Research Sampling

This study employed non-probability sampling using researcher made

questions to determine the influence of Korean Popular Culture to Senior High

School students fashion style. This research used one non-probability sampling

which is purposive sampling. Purposive sampling is a technique where the

researchers are allowed to choose their respondents according to their

judgement. The sampling technique was used to let the researchers decide who

is their respondents and let the qualified respondents decide whether to

respond on the interview or not.

Research Instrument
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The researcher did an oral interview or semi- structured as their

instrument where the chosen senior high students asked some questions about

the Influenced of Korean Popular Culture to the senior high students’ fashion

style and know their opinions about it. As a guide for the interview, the

researchers provided a set of questions that the researchers constructed and

validated by their research adviser which makes the study possible for the

researchers to gather the information needed for the study.

Data Gathering Method

To answer the problem posed by the research question regarding the

Influence of Korean Popular Culture to Senior High student’s fashion style.

Researchers employed the procedures in gathering the data and provide a

necessary evaluation to qualify the results. The researchers first asked

permission from the school administrators if it is okay to conduct an interview

in the school. The researchers then asked permission from the participants if

they could be interviewed. Then, the researchers provided instructions to the

respondents and gave information about what will be asked in the interview

regarding the influence of Korean Popular culture to Senior High Students’

fashion style.

The researchers used picture for the evidence. The data that was

gathered from the interview was then converted into text and collected for

evaluation and interpretation. The analysis and interpretation of the gathered

data was followed.

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Data Analysis Method

To present the responses of the participants, responses were coded

across narratives by employing thematic analysis. Thematic analysis is a

method of analyzing qualitative data. It is usually applied to a set of texts, such

as an interview or transcripts. The researchers closely examines the data to

identify common theme, topic, ideas and patterns of meaning that come up

repeatedly. There are various approaches to conducting thematic analysis, but

the most common form follows a six-step process: familiarization, coding,

generating themes, reviewing themes, defining and naming themes, and writing

up. Following this process can also help you avoid confirmation bias when

formulating your analysis. (Caulfield, 2019). Participant’s responses were

tabulated for every question. Similar statements were grouped together,

nothing the number of times they came out in the table of responses. Theses

grouped statements were then used as basis for coming up with the themes

which are presented in the next section used.

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