LMOIS Acd-Yr-2018-19

S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1 Colour of the salt is noted. white Maybe due to the presence of

lead,cadmium,
aluminium,zinc,
calcium,barium,
magnesium ions

2 Solubility Salt dissolves in water Presence of water soluble salt

3 Action of heat Evolution of brown gas Maybe nitrate ion

4 To a pinch of salt, dil. HCl is added No Brisk effervescence is observed Absence of carbonate ion

5 To a pinch of salt, dil. H2SO4 is added No Vinegar like smell is observed Absence of acetate ion

6 To a pinch of salt, conc. H2SO4 is added and heated Evolution of reddish brown gas is observed Presence of nitrate ion

7 To a pinch of salt, conc. H2SO4 and copper turnings Evolution of reddish brown gas is observed Presence of nitrate ion is confirmed.
are added and heated

SALT ANALYSIS.

ANALYSIS OF ANION:-

PREPARATION OF SODIUM CARBONATE EXTRACT:

1 gram of the given salt is mixed with 2 gram of sodium carbonate in a 100ml beaker. 20 ml of distilled water is added to it and the solution is boiled for 10 minutes. The

solution is then filtered and the filtrate is called as sodium carbonate extract.

7a To the small amount of the extract dil H2SO4 is added Brown ring is formed at the junction of the two Presence of nitrate ion is confirmed.
to expel CO2 after which freshly prepared ferrous liquids
sulphate solution is added followed by the addition of
conc. H2SO4 added along the sides of the test tube
without shaking it.

8 To the small amount of the extract dil.HCl is added till No White precipitate is obtained Absence of sulphate ion
effervescence stops and then barium chloride solution is
added

9 To the small portion of the extract conc. HNO3 is added No Canary yellow precipitate is obtained Absence of phosphate ion
till effervescence stops; ammonium molybdate is then
added and the mixture boiled.

10 To the small portion of the extract,dil.HNO3 is added till No White precipitate is obtained. Absence of chloride ion.
the effervescence stops then silver nitrate solution is
added.

The given salt contains the anion : nitrate.

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ANALYSIS OF CATION:

PREPARATION OF Original Solution [OS]: OS is prepared by dissolving the salt in water.

GROUP SEPARATION:

1 To a few drops of OS dil. HCl is added No White precipitate is obtained Absence of

group I cation

2 To a few drops of OS dil. HCl and YAS are added No Black precipitate is obtained Absence of
group II cation

2 To a few drops of OS NH4Cl and NH4OH are added Gelatinous white Presence of
precipitate is obtained group III cation( Aluminium ion)

CONFIRMATORY TEST for aluminium ion:

GROUP-III

1 To a few drops of OS NaOH is added drop wise to excess White precipitate soluble in excess NaOH is Presence of aluminium ion is
obtained confirmed

2 Ash Test – Thenard’s blue ash is got Presence of aluminium ion is

A small amount of the salt is made into a paste with conc. confirmed
HNO3 and 2 drops of cobalt nitrate solution. A filter paper
soaked in this mixture is introduced into the Bunsen flame
and ignited. The colour of the ash is noted.

The given salt contains the cation: aluminium

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Result:

The given salt contains: anion: nitrate.

cation : aluminium.

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