02.11.

2022

UNIV1007 CONCEPTS IN CHEMISTRY

PRACTICE QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS

1) x.120.904u + (1-x)122.904u = 121.76u (atomic mass of antimony)

x = 0.572

57.2% 121Sb, 42.8% 123Sb

2) V (volume of foil) = 0.055 cm (0.55 mm) x 1,25 cm2 = 0.069 cm3

d=m/V

m (mass of foil with impurity) = 8.902 g.cm-3 x 0.069 cm3 = 0.614 g

m (mass of foil)= 0.614 g x 99/100 = 0.608 g

n = m / Ma = 0.608 g / 58.69 gmol-1 = 0.01 mol

number of Ni atoms = 0.01 mol x 6.02 x 1023 atom.mol-1 = 6.02 x 1021 atoms

3) amount of tetracycline run out per day = 30 kg x 0.1 mg.kg-1 x 10-3 g.mg-1 = 3 x 10-3 g

n = m / Ma = 3 x 10-3 g / 444 g.mol-1 = 6.76 x 10-6 mol tetracyline

number of tetracycline molecules = 6.76 x 10-6 mol x 6.02 x 1023 molecules.mol-1 = 4.07 x 1018
molecules

number of oxygen atoms = 4.07 x 1018 x 8 (a molecule of tetracycline consists of 8 oxygen atoms) =
3.256 x 1019

4) n = m / Ma = 5.4 kg x 103 g.kg-1 / 26.98 g.mol-1 = 200.15 mol Aluminum collected

number of aluminum atoms = 200.15 mol x 6.02 x 1023 atom.mol-1 = 1.21 x 1026 atoms

5) amount of Cu in a penny = 2.5 g x 2.52/100 = 0.063 g

n = m / Ma = 0.063 g / 63.546 g.mol-1 = 9.914 x 10-4 mol Cu in a modern penny
number of copper atoms = 9.914 x 10-4 mol x 6.02 x 1023 atom.mol-1 = 5.968 x 1020 atoms

6) total volume of the object is found to be 85.536 cm3

d=m/V

m = 7.78 g.cm-3 x 85.536 cm3 = 665.47 g

7) 100 grams of diethylene glycol contain 45.27 g carbon, 9.5 g hydrogen and 45.23 g oxygen.

mol of C = 45.27 g / 12 g.mol-1 = 3.7725 mol C

mol of H = 9.5 g / 1 g.mol-1 = 9.5 mol H

mol of O = 45.23 g / 16 g.mol-1 = 2.8269 mol O

C 3.7725 H 9.5 O 2.8269 divide all subscripts to smallest number which is 2.8269
 C 1.33 H 3.36 O multiply all subscripts with 3 to obtain smallest whole numbers

C4 H10 O3 empirical formula of diethylene glycol

8) ΔE = 2.18 x 10-18 J (1/62 – 1/32) = 8.07 x 10-20 J

ν = ΔE / h = 8.07 x 10-20 J / 6.626 x 10-34 J.s-1 = 1.218 x 1014 s-1

9) a) λ = h / (m x c) = 6.63 x 10-34 kg.m2.s-1 / (1 x 10-10 kg x 0.73 x 104 m.s-1) = 9.08 x 10-28 m

b) E (ground state)= n2 x h2/ 8 x m x L2 = (1)2 x (6.63 x 10-34 kg.m2.s-1)2 / 8 x (1 x 10-10) x (3 x 10-

9 2
) = 6.1 x 10-41 kg.m2.s-2 = 6.1 x 10-41 J

c) E (second excited state) = n2 x h2/ 8 x m x L2 = (3)2 x (6.63 x 10-34 kg.m2.s-1)2 / 8 x (1 x 10-10) x

(3 x 10-9)2= 5.5 x 10-40 kg.m2.s-2 = 5.5 x 10-40 J

Ef – Ei = 5.5 x 10-40 J - 6.1 x 10-41 J = 4.89 x 10-40 j

10) mol of CO2 = 7.17 g / 44 g.mol-1 = 0.163 mol

mol of C atoms in CO2 = 1 x 0.163 = 0.163 mol
mass of C in polymer = 0.163 mol x 12 g.mol-1 = 1.956 g

mol of H2O = 2.28 g / 18 g.mol-1 = 0.13 mol

mol of H atoms in H2O = 2 x 0.13 = 0.26 mol

mass of H in polymer = 0.26 x 1 = 0.26 g

mass of O = 10 g sample – 1.956 g C – 0.26 g H = 7.784 g

mol of O in polymer = 7.784 g / 16 g.mol-1 = 0.486 mol

C0.163 H 0.26 O 0.486 divide all subscripts to smallest number which is 2.8269

C H1.59 O3 multiply all subscripts with 2 to obtain smallest whole numbers

C2 H3 O6 empirical formula of P1