This document discusses different types of smoke detectors used in fire alarm systems. It describes photoelectric smoke detectors, which detect smoke density using scattered light or a projected laser beam. Ionization smoke detectors trigger an alarm when radioactive material ionizes the air between charged electrodes. Resistance-bridge smoke detectors respond to particles and moisture in smoke, triggering an alarm when substances reduce the resistance of an electrical bridge grid.
This document discusses different types of smoke detectors used in fire alarm systems. It describes photoelectric smoke detectors, which detect smoke density using scattered light or a projected laser beam. Ionization smoke detectors trigger an alarm when radioactive material ionizes the air between charged electrodes. Resistance-bridge smoke detectors respond to particles and moisture in smoke, triggering an alarm when substances reduce the resistance of an electrical bridge grid.
This document discusses different types of smoke detectors used in fire alarm systems. It describes photoelectric smoke detectors, which detect smoke density using scattered light or a projected laser beam. Ionization smoke detectors trigger an alarm when radioactive material ionizes the air between charged electrodes. Resistance-bridge smoke detectors respond to particles and moisture in smoke, triggering an alarm when substances reduce the resistance of an electrical bridge grid.
SMOKE DETECTORS - THIS IS A DEVICE THAT DETECTS VISIBLE OR INVISIBLE PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION SUCH AS SMOKE.
TYPES OF SMOKE DETECTORS
1. PHOTOELECTRIC SMOKE DETECTOR
- THIS IS A SMOKE DETECTOR THAT USES THE DENSISTY OF SMOKE TO ASSESS DANGER. WHENEVER THE SMOKE DENSITY EXCEEDS ITS PREDETERMINED QUNATITY IT TRIGGERS THE FIRE ALARM.
TYPE OF PHOTOELECTRIC SMOKE DETECTORS
A. PROJECTED BEAM PHOTOELECTRIC SMOKE DETECTOR
- THIS SMOKE DETECTOR CONSISTS OF TWO SEPARATE UNITS, A BEAM TRANSMITTER AND A BEAM RECEIVER WHICH ARE WALL-MOUNTED ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF A SPACE BELOW THE CEILING. B. SCATTERED-LIGHT PHOTOELECTRIC SMOKE DETECTOR - THIS SMOKE DETECTOR IS ALSO REFERRED TO AS TYNDALL- EFFECT DETECTOR. THIS USES A PULSED LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE (LED) BEAM DIRECTED AT A SUPERVISORY PHOTOCELL THAT SERVES AS A BASELINE REFERENCE SIGNAL. C. LASER BEAM PHOTOELECTRIC DETECTOR - THIS SMOKE DETECTOR HAS A VERY HIGH SENSITIVITY LASER DIODE SOURCE. THE HIGH SENSITIVITY RESULTS FROM THE VERY SHARPLY FOCUSED LASER BEAM AND ITS ASSOCIATED CONTROL PANEL. IT IS THEN BEST INPUTTED IN CLEAN ENVIRONMENTS. D. PHOTOELECTRIC SPOT-TYPE SMOKE DETECTOR - THIS TYPE OF SMOKE DETECTOR CONTAINS A CHAMBER WITH COVERS WHICH PREVENT THE ENTRY OF LIGHT BUT ALLOW THE ENTRY OF SMOKE. THE ALARM IS TRIGGERED WHEN THE SMOKE THAT ENTERS THE CHAMBER SCATTERS AND REFLECTS THE LIGHT INTO THE PHOTOSENSITIVE CELL.
2. IONIZATION SMOKE DETECTOR
- THIS SMOKE DETECTOR TRIGGERS THE ALARM WHEN A SMALL AMOUNT OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL IONIZES THE AIR IN THE SENSING CHAMBER THEN RENDERING AND PERMITTING A CURRENT THROUGH THE AIR BETWEEN TWO CHARGED ELECTRODES.
3. RESISTANCE-BRIDGE SMOKE DETECOTR
- THIS SMOKE DETECTOR RESPONDS TO PARTICLES AND MOISTURE THAT ARE PRESENT IN SMOKE. IT TRIGGERS THE ALARM BECAUSE THE SUBSTANCES REDUCE THE RESISTANCE OF AN ELECTRICAL BRIDGE GRID THAT ALLOWS THE DETECTOR TO RESPOND.