1. State Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction.

2. State Lenz’s law.

3. (i) Define the term inductive reactance. Write its S.I. unit.
(ii) Show graphically the variation of inductive reactance with frequency of the applied
alternating voltage.
4. (i) Explain the term capacitive reactance. Write its S.I. unit.
(ii) Show graphically the variation of capacitive reactance with frequency of the applied
alternating voltage.
5. Derive the expression for the self-inductance of a long solenoid of cross-sectional area, length,
and having turns per unit length.
6. (i) Derive an expression for the mutual inductance of two long coaxial solenoids of same length
wound one over the other.
(ii) Write the factors on which the mutual inductance of a pair of solenoids depends.
7. Draw a schematic diagram of a step up/step down transformer. Explain its working principle.
Deduce the expression for the secondary to primary voltage in terms of the number of turns in
the two coils. In an ideal transformer, how is this ratio related to the currents in the two coils?
8. (i) Explain with the help of a labelled diagram, the principle and working of an ac generator and
obtain expression for the emf generated in the coil.
(ii) Draw a schematic diagram showing the nature of the alternating emf generated by the
rotating coil in the magnetic field during one cycle.
9. In a series circuit and power factor of the circuit is P 1. When capacitor with capacitance such
that XL=XC is put in series, the power factor becomes P 2. Calculate P1/P2.
10. Describe briefly three main useful applications of eddy currents.
11. Where on the surface of Earth is the vertical component of Earth’ s magnetic field zero?
12. State Gauss’s law in magnetism. How is it different from Gauss’s law in electrostatics and why?
13. Draw the magnetic field lines distinguishing between diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials.
Give a simple explanation to account for the difference in the magnetic behaviour of these
materials.
14. In what way is the behaviour of a diamagnetic material different from that of a paramagnetic,
when kept in an external magnetic field.
15. What is the angle of dip at a place where the horizontal and vertical components of the earth’s
magnetic field are equal?
16. Draw a sketch of linearly polarized em waves propagating in the Z-direction. Indicate the
directions of the oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
17. Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths-
(i) λ1 are used to treat muscular strain
(ii) λ2 are used by a F.M. radio station for broadcasting
(iii) λ3 are used to detect fractures in bones
(iv) λ4 are absorbed by ozone layer of the atmosphere
Identify the name and part of electromagnetic spectrum to which these radiations belong.
Arrange these wavelengths in order of magnitude.
18. Which constituent radiations of electromagnetic spectrum is used -
(i) in Radar
(ii) in photographs of internal parts of human body/as a diagnostic tool in medicine
 (iii) for taking photographs of sky, during night and fog conditions.
(iv) has the largest penetrating power.
Give reason for your answer in each case.
19. Name the following constituent radiations of electromagnetic spectrum which-
(i) are adjacent to the low frequency end of electromagnetic spectrum.
(ii) produced by nuclear reactions/used to destroy cancer cells/treatment of
cancer. (iii) produced by bombarding a metal target by high-speed electrons.
(iv) maintains the earth’s warmth/ used in remote sensing.
20. Name the following constituent radiations of electromagnetic spectrum which-
(i) are used in satellite communication/in radar and geostationary satellite.
(ii) are used for studying crystal structure of solids.
(iii) are similar to the radiations emitted during decay of radioactive nuclei.
(iv) used for water purification/ are absorbed from sunlight by ozone layer.