Notebook work- They Live in Water

Mind map

AQUATIC
(Living or taking place in, on or near water)

Aquatic Plants Aquatic Animals

 Free-floating plants
 Fixed/ Rooted-floating plants Aquatic Semi-aquatic
 Submerged plants - Fish - Amphibians
 Emerged plants - Octopus - Aquatic birds
- Seahorse -lobster, crabs
- Whale (if gills are moist & cool)
Q1. Define:

A) Amphibians: Amphibians are cold-blooded vertebrates (vertebrates have backbones) that

don’t have scales. They live part of their lives in water and part on land. Amphibians like frog
and toads move in water with the help of their webbed feet. They can breathe in water through
their slimy skin.
B) Blubber: Thick layer of fat under aquatic animals like seal, whale. This helps to keep the body
warm and is used as food during winter.

Q2. Give reasons:

i) Whales and dolphins keep coming back to the surface of water-They breathe with the help of
lungs. Thus, they come to the surface of water to breathe in air.
ii) We put a spoonful of kerosene oil in the tanks of water coolers-Oil being light floats on water
and thus prevents mosquitoes from laying eggs.
iii) Free floating plants have spongy, air-filled parts-To make them extra light so that they can
float.
iv) Lotus and water lily have long and hollow stem-This helps to bring leaves to the surface of
water.

Q3. Differentiate between:

i) Submerged and free-floating plants

Submerged plants Free-floating plants

1. Totally grow under water Float on the surface of water

2. Roots are fixed to the water bed.
3. Long and narrow leaves
4. They absorb carbon dioxide given
out by the aquatic animals. Thus,
they help to keep the water clean.
5. E.g. hydrilla, tape grass
Roots are not fixed to the water bed
Spongy and air filled
Their leaves provide shade to small water
animals
e.g. water lettuce, duckweed
Q4. Answer the following questions in brief.

1. How are aquatic birds adapted to live in water?

Aquatic birds like ducks and herons have waterproof feathers. They help to keep the body
warm during winter. They have webbed feet that help them to swim and wade through water.
Some aquatic birds have a long neck and legs that keep their body out of water. Their long
neck also helps them to reach below water for food.
2. Explain the life cycle of mosquito and draw its diagram.
The mosquito goes through four separate and distinct stages of its life cycle: Egg, Larva, Pupa,
and Adult. Female mosquito lay eggs at places having stagnant water. These eggs hatch into
larvae within a week. Then, larvae develop into pupae, which in turn develop into adult
mosquitoes.

3. Write four preventive measures that can be taken to prevent malaria from spreading.
 Do not let water stagnate in or around the house in puddles.
 Always use covered dustbins to dispose garbage.
 Change the water of the water coolers regularly. If this is not possible, put a spoonful of
kerosene oil in the tank of the cooler.
 Spray DDT around the areas where mosquitoes may breed.

Q5. Aquatic weeds form natural food of many species of fish and also provide shade and
shelter to many fishes when within the limit. They are harmful for fish and fisheries when it
crosses the limit. How?

Ans. Aquatic weeds grow densely in water. This prevents sunlight from reaching the other plants. As
a result, they cannot make their food and die. These weeds cause water pollution and bad odour and
suck up all the oxygen from water. This results in death of many aquatic animals. Thus, the growth of
such weeds has to be checked.