i | | | | | | | I | | January 1996 Page 12 of 22, TH Nore Ne Kerekentee 1S MABE TO Cite Fo Serusc, Rules for Marine Operations Pi.2.Ch.5 Lifting 3. LIFTING EQUIPMENT 3.1. SLINGS AND GROMMETS 3.1.1 Minimum breaking load (MIBL) 3.1.1.1 Slings or grommets may be constructed from single steel rope, or be composed of several steel ropes, ‘each spinned of strands, which are spinned of steel wires. Preferably the rope MBL should be determined by pulling the whole rope to destruction. If no facilities are available for such testing, the rope MBL should be Yet established in accordance with a recognised standard. wt 3.1.1.2. For grommets the strength of the core part should not be included when establishing the MBL. 3.1.1.3 When fabricating slings from several unit topes, the sum of the various unit rope MBL's, should be divided by a sling spinning loss factor of 1.18 (1/0.85), prior to establishing the total sling MBL. 3.1.1.4 Fibre slings may be acceptable. For lifting ‘with fibre slings due attention shall be made to the fibre material stability over time when exposed to a marine cavironment and UV radiation. Only fibre material with stable material properties shall be used. 3.1.1.5 Due attention shall be paid to the creep and temperature properties of the load bearing fibre material. Load bearing material where the MBL of the sling uring operational conditions is affected by creep or temperature, should not be used. 3.1.1.6 The MBL of the fibre slings shall be as, % ‘specified by the fabricator. The minimum bending diameter for the sling shall be specified. 3.1.1.7 Fibre slings shall be proof load tested. The proof load should not be less than specified in Table 3.1. ‘SWL should be taken according to Kg. 3-1. SWL = MBLatng/ Ye Eq. 341 where ya see 3.1.2.2 Ye! 3.1.2 Nominal safety factor 3.1.2.1 ‘The nominal safety factor, 7 for slings and ‘grommets should include the following factors: Load factor = 1.30 (For lifts with a well controlled weight, and were all skew load effects have been thoroughly considered a yy= 1.20 may be used), Consequence factor = 1.30 (If single sling failure does not cause a total loss, or the consequences of sling failure may be regarded as small, a lower factor may be applied) Reduetion factor due to splicing. ‘This factor could be taken as 1.33 for cable laid slings spliced as described in PM 20, see 3.1.4.1. For other types of slings/grommets and splicing (or ferrule seoured) this factor has to be documented. Reduction factor due to bending. For slings of, steel wire ropes this factor should be taken as; /(-0.5/(DI4) Eq. 3-2 4 = nominal diameter of sling or single part cable laid grommet. ‘for fibre slings may be taken as 1.0, The bending diameter for fibre slings shall not be less than minimum bending diameter specified by the fabricator. Resulting reduction factor due to splicing or beading. This factor should be taken equal to the ‘greatest of 7, and 74. ‘Wear factor = 1.00 for single application purposes. For multiple used slings, the 7 should be subjected to individual evaluations by a competent person. For slings in good conditions ‘Yw does not be take greater than 1.1. Material factor for lifting stings. ‘This factor could be taken as 1.35 for certified new steel wire rope slings, see 3.1.5.1. For lifting with fibre slings an ample material factor shall be applied (normally 7q 2 3.0). For material with indigent creep properties a higher shall be used, ‘Der Norske VERiras;Rules for Marine Operations Pt.2 Ch.S Lifting 3.1.2.2 The total nominal safety factor should be taken as the greatest oft Me = Wee lela Ie = 3.0 Eg. 33 3.1.2.3 Calculated maximum dysiamic sling load Piz, should fulfil Bg. 3-4: MBL, Flag < Gey 3.1.3 Handling Nene THE poanmom Oe UAE Wind BE 163.0, Te Ts w comes wow r-F1 yemdee ee Gee. hones 25 Te. fcceioee, Eheetine seakeros OF NeoreAT foe ts Aoetsn Bg. 3-4 SF Seow age HE sete Foe TAs ‘ova. os met cove CHAN, 27-1 rues cope 1s 3.1.3.1 The eye of a single part steel sling should not +. be bent around a diameter less than the nominal diameter T= of the cable laid rope from which itis formed, ‘Guidance Note In order to maintain the sling eye in good condition the sling eye ‘should not be bent around a dameter les than three times the sling sdamete, diameter less than 4 times the nominal diameter of the cable Iaid rope. A reduction of the capacity due to bending should nevertheless be considered, see 3.1.2.1. 3.1.3.3. Bending in way of splices shall be avoided. 3.1.3.4 Bending in way of grommet butt connections shall be avoided. ‘The location of the butt connections shall be marked. (3.1.3.5. Sting lay down lay out should be carefully ‘considered to avoid possibility of twisting during rigging ‘and tensioning. The slings should be marked, preferably witha longitudinal paint marking. 3.1.3.6 Due considerations to avoid connecting right and left hand laid ropes shall be made when several slings are connected together. 3.1.3.7 If lifting is arranged with a single sling between lifted object and crane hook possible rotations of either hook (due to swivel arrangements in hook) or object shall be restrained. 3.1.3.8 For lifting with fibre slings, rigging design and lift procedure shall thoroughly consider and prevent the possibilities for mechanical damages (e.g. cutting or abrasion) and sliding of the sling relative to the lifted object. ‘The possibility for abrasion or damage due to clongation of the sling during loading shall be considered. Assuneyaue nae fe January 1996 Page 13 of 22 3.1.4 Manufacturing and tolerances 3.1.4.1 The manufacturing of slings and grommets should be performed by a recognised manufacturer. The rope construction should be well suited for the intended use and comply with recognised codes or standards, .g. Veritas Rules for Certification of Lifting Appliances, 1994, or International Standard ISO 2408. For heavy cable laid ropes Guidance Note PM 20: "Cable Laid Slings and Grommets" from British Health and Safety Executive, apply. 3.1.4.2 The length of cable laid steel slings, grommets or fibre slings should normally be within tolerances of Woes. 1? Sue L> Ge vores 10.25% of their nominal length. Fon SOT, ‘The length of ordinary wire rope slings or grommets should normally be within tolerances of 0.15% of their Semin eae gee CONTROCED .* Cowelt ‘Guidance Note. F oS, Taan Dung essing, he logs or gommats shod betty supped 2 2-1 tnd equ eisoned The enon rod el ne ge 125-30 percent of MBL. Watching sings shoud be messed ‘tere tenon loa nude esa conor Testing equpment nt alto copy whe above tion sd ‘equa coudb et according he proseau ge baa For each ing series of est hee - separate enstring tots sod be cared ut uptothe sable tenn a easier of eongaton a te sat b ten teas, Based upon tis a heretical eongaion canbe erated fro onesponng 2.5% of Mal. beng deter dung he tenconingtest shouldbe species Depending te ots, ‘Stow oad factor caedion ey be eu 3.1.5 Certification of slings 3.1.5.1 For slings and grommets made of steel wire ropes a Makers Certificate should be provided. For slings or grommets used with a material factor of 1.5, a 3.1” certificate issued by a recognised Certifying Body is normally required. 3.1.5.2 The sling certificate should contain the following minimum information; - certificate number, = date of certification. - sling/grommet identification code, - name of manufacturer, = date of manufacture, ~ sing/grommet diaineter and length and - type of construction, 3.1.8.3 Additionally for cable laid slings or grommets ~ certificate no.'s for unit rope (certificate to be enclosed), ~ minimum breaking load (MBL) of rope and - minimum breaking load (MBL) of sling or ‘grommet. Der Noxske VERITAS