Name: Justine Joy Avenido Course, Year and Section: Bsed Science 3A Date:_______

Assessment in Chapter 7: Patterns of Inheritance

Answer the following questions comprehensively.
1. Differentiate Mendelian from Non-Mendelian patterns of Inheritance. Cite example.
- Like skin color, many other human traits have more complicated modes of inheritance
than Mendelian traits. Such modes of inheritance are called non-Mendelian inheritance ,
and they include inheritance of multiple allele traits, traits with codominance or
incomplete dominance, and polygenic traits, among others.
The Mendelian trait definition is a trait that follows the rules of inheritance set forth by
Austrian monk Gregor Mendel. Mendel was a scientist studying the inheritance of traits in
pea plants. Luckily for Mendel, pea plants showed a relatively uncomplicated inheritance
pattern for the traits he was studying, which included:

 Pea color
 Pea shape
 Pod color
 Pod shape
 Flower color
 Plant size
 Position of flowers

2. What is chromosome?
- A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an
organism. Most eukaryotic chromosomes include packaging proteins called histones
which, aided by chaperone proteins, bind to and condense the DNA molecule to
maintain its integrity. 
3. What is the function of chromosome?
- The most important function of chromosomes is to carry the basic genetic material – DNA.
DNA provides genetic information for various cellular functions. These functions are
essential for growth, survival, and reproduction of the organisms. Histones and other
proteins cover the Chromosomes.
4. What is Chromosomal Aberration?
- Chromosome aberrations include changes in chromosome number (gains and losses) and
changes in structure (deletions, inversions, and exchanges). Chromosomes can be viewed
by standard light microscopy and many of these aberration types can be observed.
5. Give at least four (4) ways on how parents may reduce some risk of chromosomal
aberrations in offspring. Explain each ways.
- The risk of a pregnant person having a baby with a chromosomal abnormality increases
with age. People over 35 years of age are at greater risk. The risk can be lowered by:

 Seeking medical care three months before becoming pregnant to discuss

health problems and medicine use
 Taking a daily prenatal vitamin that contains 400 micrograms of folic acid for
three months before becoming pregnant
 Eating a healthful diet that contains foods that have folic acid, such as
breakfast cereals, grain products, leafy greens, oranges and orange juice, and
peanuts
 Reaching or maintaining a healthy weight
 Avoiding smoking and drinking alcohol
 Avoiding drugs
Name: Justine Joy Avenido Course, Year and Section: Bsed Science 3A Date:_______

Activity in Chapter 7 Activity Title: The Chromosome

Objectives: To familiarize the chromosome.

Procedure: Watch the video about the chromosome using this link https://youtu.be/TJfPbtXmngs ,
and answer the following questions.

Questions:

1. Describe the chromosome.

- A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of
an organism. Most eukaryotic chromosomes include packaging proteins called
histones which, aided by chaperone proteins, bind to and condense the DNA
molecule to maintain its integrity. 

2. Do all 46 chromosomes look the same?

- In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Twenty-
two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females.

3. Draw, label and explain the parts of chromosome.

- A chromosome has generally 8 parts; Centromere or primary constriction or

kinetochore, chromatids, chromatin, secondary constriction, telomere, chromomere,
chromonema, and matrix. Centromere or Kinetochore: It is the primary constriction at the
center to which the chromatids or spindle fibers are attached.

4. Draw, label and explain the different types of chromosomes (metacentric, submetacentric,
acrocentric, telocentric).