FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES d.

Increased reabsorption
8. Upon initiation of a hypertonic IV solution, which of
1. A 57 year old client is being examined due to the following would you expect to happen?
possible dehydration. Nurse Arnold knows that if a. Fluid shifts from ICC to ECC
the client weighs 120 pounds the estimated amount b. Fluid shifts from ECC to ICC
of fluid in his body is c. No fluid movement
a. 60 pounds d. Depends on how long the therapy will be
b. 72 pounds implemented
c. 85 pounds 9. A patient received 1,000 ml of .45% NaCL IVF.
d. 97 pounds Which of the following BEST shows the response of
2. The following statements are TRUE about fluid blood cells when it comes in contact with the IV
composition in the body except? solution?
a. Older people have less fluid than younger a. Blood cells swells
people b. Blood cells shrinks
b. Women has more fluid than men c. Blood cells absorbs electrolytes
c. Obese people have more fluid than lean d. Blood cells releases electrolytes
people 10. Which of the following statement is not an accurate
d. Muscular people have more fluid than non- description of how fluids and electrolytes work in
muscular people the body?
3. The following fluids are types of transcellular fluid a. The normal serum concentration is 280-
except? 300mOsm
a. Synovial fluid b. Na is main determinant of ECF
b. Serum concentration and K is the main
c. CSF determinant of ICF concentration
d. Peritoneal c. Osmosis is the movement of particles from
4. Normal blood also contains fluid that completes its area of less concentration to area of more
composition. This fluid component is concentration
approximately? d. Diffusion is the movement of electrolytes
a. 50% of blood volume across a semi permeable membrane
b. 60% of blood volume 11. Insensible fluid loss is BEST described as which of
c. 70% of blood volume the following statement?
d. 80% of blood volume a. Fluid loss that does not affect the body’s
5. Electrolytes can be present inside and outside the homeostasis
cells in the body. Aside from K, which of the b. Fluid loss through skin evaporation and
following is considered a major intracellular speaking
electrolyte? c. Fluid loss that is not included in I&O
a. Mg monitoring
b. Na d. Fluid loss that is not significant in
c. Ph maintaining the serum concentration
d. Ca 12. The average urine output in a day of an adult male
6. Hydrostatic pressure in the body allows the person is estimated to be
regulates and control the a. 500ml to 1000ml
a. Edema formation b. 1000ml to 2000ml
b. Filtration process c. 1500ml to 2000ml
c. Interstitial fluid d. 2000ml to 2500ml
d. Reabsorption 13. The amount of fluid loss through the lungs is
7. Mario, a chronic alcoholic was admitted due to DOB estimated in an adult female client to be
and jaundice. Physical exam indicates edema a. 600ml
formation in the body. Nurse Joey knows that this is b. 400ml
most likely due to c. 300ml
a. Increased filtration d. 200ml
b. Decreased osmotic pressure
c. Decreased hydrostatic pressure
14. Knowledge on the amount and routes of fluid loss 20. Which laboratory BEST reflects kidney function?
and gain is critical in planning care for a client with a. Serum BUN
fluid problem. Which of the following routes is b. Serum Creatinine
known to have the most fluid loss? c. Urine specific gravity
a. Skin d. Urine Osmolality
b. Lungs 21. Which of the following substance in the body is
c. GIT referred to as “water conserving hormone”
d. Kidney a. Parathyroid hormone
15. A male client with a weight of 60kg is being b. Aldosterone
monitored due to LBM. During planning of care, the c. Vasopressin
nurse anticipates that the client may need fluid d. ANP
replacement to address fluid loss through the urine 22. When the body loses fluids, the kidney
which the nurse anticipates to be compensates by?
a. 180ml between 7am to 9am a. Decreasing GFR
b. 500ml between 7am to 3pm b. Increasing GFR
c. 1000ml in the entire shift c. Excreting serum Na
d. Not possible to estimate d. Excreting serum K
16. Which of the following laboratory reflects the 23. This structure responds to changes in blood
body’s compensatory mechanism during fluid loss? pressure and activates the proper autonomic
a. Serum Osmolality nervous system?
b. Creatinine and BUN a. Pituitary gland
c. Urine specific gravity b. Adrenal gland
d. Hematocrit c. Osmoreceptors
17. A female patient with suspected fluid volume deficit d. Baroreceptors
was rushed to the hospital for testing. Which 24. The END result of the activation of RAAS is reflected
laboratory test supports the diagnosis? by which among the following?
a. BUN at 16 mg/dl a. Decrease urinary output
b. Creatinine at 0.8 mg/dl b. Na reabsorption
c. Hematocrit at 50% c. Reduced GFR
d. Urine Na at 60 mEq/24hours d. Increase BP
18. A 45 years old male client with fluid alteration is 25. Thirst mechanism is activated whenever the fluid in
being examined in the ER. Blood tests was the body is decreased or lost. This mechanism is the
conducted with the following results; Serum function of
creatinine = 7mg/dl, Urine specific gravity = 1.001, a. Pituitary gland
Hematocrit = 58%. Based on these test results, the b. Hypothalamus
nurse anticipates which of the following as a part of c. Cerebrum
client management? d. Brain stem
a. Fluid restriction 26. A client with fluid volume deficit was admitted. The
b. Fluid replacement nurse assesses for skin turgor. The nurse performs
c. Monitor for pulmonary edema her assessment on the following areas of the body
d. Administration of hypertonic IVF except
19. A client who undergone blood tests due to FVE. The a. Sternum
nurse anticipates that the client’s urine specific b. Forehead
gravity will be which of the following provided c. Inner thigh
complication have not yet developed? d. Outer forearm
a. Elevated 27. The client with dehydration due to chronic diarrhea
b. Decreased was diagnosed with FVD. Assessment reveals that
c. No change the client is hypotensive. This response of the body
d. Variable is due to
a. Decreased interstitial fluid
b. Related to hemodilution
c. Result of low ECF
 d. Complication of fluid shifting between the
ECF to ICF
28. Which of the following type of IVF would you
anticipate the doctor to order for a patient with
FVD?
a. Isotonic IVF
b. Hypotonic IVF
c. Hypertonic IVF
d. Crystalloid
29. A 55 year old female client with chronic
hypertension was admitted due to FVD secondary
to watery diarrhea. The nurse anticipates the
attending physician to order which IVF?
a. D5LR
b. .9% NaCl
c. .45% NaCl
d. D5W
30. When conducting an assessment on a client with
FVD, which of the following indicates that the client
is developing shock?
a. Hypertension, tachycardia, bradypnea
b. Hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea
c. Hyper tension, bradycardia, bradypnea
d. Hypotension, bradycardia, tachypnea