MNT SN QXA SMJX HNOYASAFHZ-E@XAC BA@UFJFD

O@SAUJ@B 

Tabhno
noa
a tn tm
tma
a onc
ncuba Yrnc
uba Yrncuhjfd
uhjfd Nrd`f
Nrd`fjh
jh Lart
Lartjbjza
jbjzarr  Smj
Smjs
s oncu
oncuba
ba

hnft`jfs tr`jfjfd o`tarj`bs `fc `htjvjtjas lnr ynu tn hnopbata.

 Sma ufjt nl hnopatafh
hnopatafhy y Yr
Yrnc
ncuh
uhaa Nr
Nrd`
d`fj
fjh
h La
Lart
rtjb
jbjz
jzar
ar hnf
hnft`j
t`jfs
fs tma
gfnwbacda, sgjbbs `fc `ttjtucas raqujrac lnr Nrd Nrd`fj
`fjhh @dr
@drjhu
jhubtu
btura
ra
Yrncuhtjnf FH JJ raqujrac tn net`jf tma F`tjnf`b Hartjljh`ta (FH) bavab JJ.

Znu `ra raqujrac tn dn tmrnudm ` sarjas nl ba`rfjfd `htjvjtjas jf nrcar tn

hnopbata a`hm nl tma ba`rfjfd nuthnoas nl tma oncuba. Jf a`hm ba`rfjfd
nuthnoa tmara `ra Jflnro`tjnf Xmaats. Cn tmasa `htjvjtjas nf ynur nwf `fc
`fswar tma sabl-hmah
sabl-hmahgs
gs `t tma afc nl a`hm Jfln
Jflnro`tjnf
ro`tjnf Xmaa
Xmaat.
t. Znu `bsn m`va
tn parln
parlnro
ro tma Npar
tma Npar`tjn
`tjnf/S`s
f/S`sg/Kn
g/Knee Xmaat
Xmaatss `fc `ltarw`rcs, ynu m`va tn
av`bu`ta ynur nwf parlnro`fha usjfd tma parlnro`fha hrjtarj` hmahgbjsts.

 Jl ynu m`va quastjnfs, cnf‚t masjt`ta tn `sg ynur Sr`jfar lnr `ssjst`fha.

Uahndfjtjnf nl Yrjnr Ba`rfjfd (UYB)

Jl ynu m`va `bra`cy snoa gfnwbacda `fc sgjbbs hnvarac jf tmjs oncuba
eah`usa ynu m`va eaaf wnrgjfd lnr snoa tjoa7 nr `bra`cy hnopbatac tr`jfjfd
jf tmjs `ra`7 nr jl ynu h`f ca caonf
onfst
str`t
r`ta
a hno
hnopapataf
tafha
ha tn ynu
ynurr Sr`
Sr`jf
jfar
ar jf `
p`rtjhub`r sgjbb, t`bg tn ynur Sr`jfar sn ynu cnf‚t m`va tn ufcardn tma s`oa
tr`jfjfd `d`jf. Jl ynu m`va ` qu`bjljh`tjnf nr Hartjljh`ta nl Hnopatafhy lrno
prav
pravjn
jnus
us tr`j
tr`jfj
fjfd
fdss sm
smnw
nw jt tn mjo/
mjo/ma
mar.
r. Jl tm
tmaa sg
sgjb
jbbs
bs yn
ynuu `h
`hqu
qujr
jrac
ac `ra
`ra
hnfs
hnfsjs
jsta
taft
ft wj
wjtm
tm `f
`fcc ra
raba
bav`
v`ft
ft tn tm
tmjs
js on
oncu
cuba
ba,, tm
tmay
ay ea
eahn
hnoa
oa p`
p`rt
rt nl tm
tma
a
avjcafha. Znu h`f prasaft tmasa lnr UYB. Jl ynu `ra fnt sura `enut ynur
hnopatafha sgjbbs, cjshuss tmjs wjtm ynur Sr`jfar.

@l
@lta
tarr hno
noppbatjf
tjfd tmtmjjs on
oncu
cubba, `s
`sgg ynunurr Sr`
r`jjfar tn `s
`ss
sass ynur
hnopatafha. Uasubt nl ynur `ssassoaft wjbb ea rahnrcac jf tma @hmjavaoaft
Hm`rt/Yrn
Hm`rt/Yrndras
drass
s Hm`
Hm`rt.
rt. @bb tma ba`r
ba`rfjf
fjfd
d `htj
`htjvjtj
vjtjas
as `ra cas
casjdf
jdfac
ac lnr ynu tn
hnopbata `t ynur nwf p`ha.

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    0

 

Jf tm
tmjs
js on
oncucuba
ba,, yn
ynu
u wj
wjbb
bb ljfc
ljfc tm
tma
a `h
`htj
tjvj
vjtj
tjas
as lnr
lnr yn
ynu
u tn hn
hnop
opba
bata
ta `f
`fcc
rabav
rabav`ft
`ft jflnr
jflnro`t
o`tjnf
jnf smsmaa
aats
ts lnr a`h
a`hm
m ba`rf
ba`rfjfjfd
d nut
nuthno
hnoa.
a. A`h
A`hm
m ba`
ba`rfj
rfjfd
fd
nuthnoa o`y m`va onra tm`f nfa ba`rfjfd `htjvjty.

 Smjs oncuba js prap`rac tn mabp ynu `hmjava tma raqujrac hnopatafhy, jf

rahajvjfd
rahajvjfd `fc rab`yj
rab`yjfd
fd jflnro`t
jflnro`tjnf.
jnf. Smjs wjb
wjbbb ea tma s
snurha
nurha nl jflnro`tj
jflnro`tjnf
nf
tm`t
tm`t wj
wjbb
bb af
af`e
`eba
ba yn
ynuu tn `h`hqu
qujr
jraa tm
tma
a gf
gfnw
nwba
bacdcda
a `f
`fc
c sg
sgjbbs jf Yrncuhjfd
jbbs
Nrd`fjh
Nrd` fjh Lartj
Lartjbjzar
bjzar   jf
jfca
capa
pafc
fcaf
aftb
tby
y `t yn
ynur
ur nw nwff p`
p`ha
ha wj
wjtm
tm oj
ojfj
fjou
ouoo
suparvjsjnf
suparvjs jnf lrno ynur Sr`jfar.

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    5

 

Nrd`fjh @drjhubtura Yrncuhtjnf FH JJ

HNOYASAFHZ-E@XAC BA@UFJFD O@SAUJ@BX

Bjst nl Hnopatafhjas

Fn. Qfjt nl Hnopatafhy Oncuba Sjtba Hnca

U@JXA NUD@FJH U@JXJFD NUD@FJH @DU<05890

0.
HMJHGAF HMJHGAF

@DU<0089<
YUNCQHA NUD@FJH YUNCQHJFD NUD@FJH
\ADAS@EBAX \ADAS@EBAX
5.

YUNCQHA NUD@FJH YUNCQHJFD NUD@FJH @DU<00890

8.
LAUSJBJ[AU  LAUSJBJ[AU 

YUNCQHA NUD@FJH YUNCQHJFD NUD@FJH

@DU<00890
3. HNFHNHSJNFX @FC HNFHNHSJNFX @FC
A]SU@HSX A]SU@HSX

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    8

 

ONCQBA HNFSAFS

QFJS NL HNOYASAFHZ ; YUNCQHA NUD@FJH LAUSJBJ[AU

ONCQBA SJSBA ; YUNCQHJFD NUD@FJH LAUSJBJ[AU

ONCQBA CAXHUJYSNU  ;  Smjs ufjt hnvars tma gfnwbac
gfnwbacda,da, sgjbbs
`fc
`f c `ttj
`ttjtu
tuca
ca ra
raqu
qujr
jrac
ac tn pr
prnc
ncuh
uha
a nrnrd`
d`fj
fjh
h
la
lart
rtjjbjza
zars
rs wmjhm jfh jfhbu
buc
ca t`s
`sg
gs suh uhmm `s
prap`rjfd hnopnstjfd `ra` `fc r`w o`tarj`bs
`fc
`f c h` h`rrr 
 yjfd-nut hnopnstjf
hnopnstjfdd `htjvjtja
`htjvjtjas
s `fc
ljf`bby, m`rvastjfd nl lartjbjzar.

FNOJF@B CQU@SJNF ; 0= MNQUX

BA@UFJFD NQSHNOAX;
@t tma afc nl tmjs oncuba ynu OQXS ea `eba tn;
0. Yrap
Yrap`ra
`ra hno
hnopnst
pnstjfd
jfd `
`ra`
ra` `f
`fc
c r`w o
o`tar
`tarj`bs
j`bs
5. Hnop
Hnopnst
nst `fc m`rv
m`rvast
ast lart
lartjbj
jbjzar
zar

@XXAXXOAFS HUJSAUJ@;

0. Xjta js sabahta
sabahtac
c e`sac nf hnop
hnopnst
nst lartjb
lartjbjzar
jzar prncuh
prncuhtjnf
tjnf raq
raqujraoafts
ujraoafts
5. Eac js prap
prap`rac
`rac jf `hhnrc
`hhnrc`fha
`fha wjtm prncuhtjnf ra raqujraoafts
qujraoafts
8. Yra
Yrap`r
p`ra a r`w o`ta
o`tarj`
rj`bs
bs lnb
lnbbnw
bnwjf
jfdd af
aftar
tarprj
prjsa
sa prn
prnha
hacur
curaa `fc YFX lnr
nrd`fjh lartjbjzar
3. @pprnprj`ta hhnopnstjfd
nopnstjfd oaoatmncs
tmncs `ra `pp
`ppbjac
bjac e`sa
e`sacc nf prncuhtjnf
raqujraoafts
1. Hnopnst js oonfjtnrac
nfjtnrac e`sac
e`sac YFX jfc
jfcjh`tnrs
jh`tnrs nl lubby c
cahnopnsac
ahnopnsac
lartjbjzar
<. Pu`bjty nl m`
m`rvast
rvast js hma
hmahgac
hgac e`sac nf YFX jfc
jfcjh`tnrs
jh`tnrs nl lubby
cahnopnsac lartjbjzar

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    3

 

BA@UFJFD NQSHNOA FN. 0

B.N0 Yrap`ra hnopnstjfd `ra` `fc r`w o`tarj`bs

Hnftafts;

 Hm`r`htarjstjhs nl sjta
n  Snpndr`pmy 

n @ra` wjtm ojfjouo hnft`ojf`tjnf

n @v`jb`ejbjty `fc `hhassjejbjty nl sjta
n  Sypas nl snjb

n Dnnc cr`jf`da systaos

n @ra` wjtm ojfjo`b sufbjdmt
 Bavabjfd nl tma sjta
 Eac prap`r`tjnf
 Casjdf b`ynut e`sac nf hnopnstjfd oatmnc
 Yrap`rjfd eac `fc r`w o`tarj`bs
 Yrap`r`tjnf nl Eng`smj Lartjbjzar
 Yrap`r`tjnf nl \aroj hnopnstjfd

@ssassoaft Hrjtarj`

0. Xjta js sabahta
sabahtac
c e`sac nf hnop
hnopnst
nst lartjb
lartjbjzar
jzar prncuh
prncuhtjnf
tjnf raq
raqujraoafts
ujraoafts
5. Xjta bb`y-nut
`y-nut js prap`rac ee`sac
`sac nf bnh`tjnf.
8. Eac js prap
prap`rac
`rac jf `hhnrc
`hhnrc`fha
`fha wjtm prncuhtjnf ra
raqujraoafts
qujraoafts
3. O`ta
O`tarj`bs
rj`bs `ra d
d`tma
`tmarr e`sac nf prnc
prncuhtj
uhtjnf
nf raquj
raqujraoa
raoafts
fts `fc YF
YFX
X lnr
nrd`fjh lartjbjza

1. Yra
Yrap`r
p`ra
a r`w o`tao`tarj`
rj`bs
bs lnb
lnbbnw
bnwjf
jfd
d af
aftar
tarprj
prjsa
sa prn
prnha
hacur
cura
a `fc YFX lnr
nrd`fjh lartjbjzar

Hnfcjtjnfs

 Sma p`rtjhjp`fts
p`rtjhjp`fts wj
wjbb
bb m`va `hh
`hhass
ass tn;

 tnnbs;

-Cjddjfd e`r

-Xmnvab

-Oatar stjhg

-H`fv`ss

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    1

 

-Enbn

-YYAs

@ssassoaft Oatmnc;

0. Caon
Caonfstr
fstr`tjnf
`tjnf wjt
wjtm
m qu
quast
astjnfj
jnfjfd
fd
5. Tr
Trjt
jtta
taf
faax`
x`oo
8. Nr
Nr`b
`b jfta
jftarv
rvja
jaw
w

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    <

 

Ba`rfjfd Axparjafhas

Ba`rfjfd Nuthnoa 0 ; Yrap`ra hnopnstjfd `ra` `fc r`w o`tarj`bs

Ba`rfjfd @htjvjtjas Xpahj`b Jfstruhtjnfs

Ua`c Jflnro`tjnf smaat 8.0-0 jf @bw`ys raoaoear tma Yrap`r`tjnf

Yrap`r`tjnf nl dnnc hnopnstjfd sjta nl dnnc hnopnstjfd sjta `fc r`w
`fc r`w o`tarj`bs lnr Eng`smj o`tarj`bs lnr Eng`smj Lartjbjzar
Lartjbjzar

@fswar sabl-hmahg 8.0-0 jf  Sry tn hm`bbafda

hm`bbafda ynurs
ynursabl
abl ey
Yrap`r`tjnf nl dnnc hnopnstjfd sjta `fswarjfd sabl-hmahg wjtmnut
`fc r`w o`tarj`bs lnr Eng`smj bnngjfd `t tma `fswar gay 
Lartjbjzar

Hnop`ra ynur `fswar usjfd `fswar Cnueba hmahg ynur `fswar usjfd
gay 8.0-0 `fswar gay 

T`thm \jcan prasaft`tjnf `fc pnwar @sg ynur tr`jfar lnr `v`jb`eba
pnjft prasaft`tjnf nf Yrnhacura oubtjoacj` prasaft`tjnf
Yrap`rjfd dnnc hnopnstjfd sjta `fc
r`w o`tarj`bs lnr Eng`smj Lartjbjzar

Yarlnro S`sg smaat 8.0-0 jf prap`ra @bw`ys nesarva s`laty `fc wa`r
nl dnnc hnopnstjfd sjta `fc r`w `pprnprj`ta YYA wmjba cnjfd tma
o`tarj`bs lnr Eng`smj Lartjbjzar t`sg

U`ta ynur nwf parlnro`fha usjfd Uapa`t tma t`sg jl ynu l`jb tma
parlnro`fha hrjtarj` hmahg bjst 8.0-0 hrjtarj`

Ua`c Jflnro`tjnf smaat 8.0-5 jf @bw`ys raoaoear tma Yrnhacura jf

Yrnhacura jf Yrap`rjfd eac `fc r`w Yrap`rjfd eac `fc r`w o`tarj`bs
o`tarj`bs lnr varoj hnopnstjfd

@fswar sabl-hmahg 8.0-5 jf  Sry tn hm`bbafda

hm`bbafda ynurs
ynursabl
abl ey

Yrnhacura jf Yrap`rjfd eac `fc r`w `fswarjfd sabl-hmahg wjtmnut

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    4

 

o`tarj`bs lnr varoj hnopnstjfd bnngjfd `t tma `fswar gay 

Hnop`ra ynur `fswar usjfd `fswar Cnueba hmahg ynur `fswar usjfd
gay 8.0-5 `fswar gay 

T`thm \jcan prasaft`tjnf `fc pnwar @sg ynur tr`jfar lnr `v`jb`eba
pnjft prasaft`tjnf nf Yrap`r`tjnf nl oubtjoacj` prasaft`tjnf
eac `fc r`w o`tarj`bs lnr varoj
hnopnstjfd

Yarlnro t`sg smaat 8.0-5 nf Yrap`ra @bw`ys nesarva s`laty `fc wa`r
eac `fc r`w o`tarj`bs lnr varoj `pprnprj`ta YYA wmjba cnjfd tma
hnopnstjfd t`sg

U`ta ynur nwf parlnro`fha t`sg Uapa`t tma t`sg jl ynu l`jb tma

usjfd parlnro`fha hrjtarj` hmahg bjst hrjtarj`

8.0-5

Jflnro`tjnf Xmaat 8.0-0

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    =

 

Yrnhacura jf Yrap`rjfd dnnc hnopnstjfd sjta `fc r`w

o`tarj`bs lnr Eng`smj lartjbjzar

Ba`rfjfd Nekahtjvas;

@ltar ra`cjfd tmjs JFLNUO@SJNF XMAAS, ZNQ OQXS ea `eba tn;

0. Sn jcaftjly tma Yrnhacura jf Yrap`rjfd dnnc hnopnstjfd sjta `fc r`w

o`tarj`bs lnr Eng`smj Lartjbjzar.

Jftrncuhtjnf

 Smjs Jflnro`tjnf
Jflnro`tjnf Xmaat h
hnft`jfs
nft`jfs tm
tma
a Yrnhacura jf Yrap`rjfd d
dnnc
nnc
Hnopnstjfd sjta `fc U`w o`tarj`bs lnr Eng`smj Lartjbjzar.

Sma Ejn-Nrd`fjh Jfputs

Yrjfhjpba nl f`tura systao `cvnh`tas tma utjbjz`tjnf nl f`tur`bby

prncuhac l`rojfd jfputs suhm us tma lnbbnwjfd;

Snnbs, O`tarj`bs `fc Oatmnc jf Yrap`rjfd Eng`smj Lartjbjzar

0. ENG@XMJ LAUSJBJ[AU- @rnufc
LAUSJBJ[AU- @rnufc tma
wnrbc, o`fy `drjhubturjsts `fc d`rcafars
`ra `cnptjfd snjb `oafcoafts `fc lartjbjzars
tm`t `ra h`bbac eng`smj. Eng`smj js `
 K`p`fasa wnrc
wnrc tm`t m`s fn
fn dnnc tr`fsb`tjnf
tr`fsb`tjnf
jftn Afdbjsm, `hhnrcjfd tn Zugjgn Ny`f`dj,
` st`llar wjtm tma @sj`f Uur`b Jfstjtuta (@UJ)
jf K`p`f. Mnwavar, `bb typas nl eng`smj `ra prncuhac tmrnudm laroaft`tjnf
prnhassas.

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    :

 

 Smara `ra `t ba`st

ba`st twn cjstjfht
cjstjfht typas
typas nl eng`smj eajfd
eajfd prnontac
prnontac `fc usac ey
ey
`drjhubturjsts, l`roars `fc d`rcafars. Nfa wa sm`bb cashrjea `s laroaftac
eng`smj lartjbjzar `fc tma ntmar js gjthmaf eng`smj. Entm `ra cashrjeac jf
tmjs `rtjhba.

5.Dnnc sjta sabahtjnf lnr Eng`smj

Lartjbjzar;

`) @ra` wjtmnut r`jf `fc cjraht sufbjdmt.

e) Lbnnc lraa.

h) @hhassjeba tn w`tar suppby `fc snurha

nl hnopnst o`tarj`bs.

c) Tabb vaftjb`tac.

8. Qsas `fc Eafaljts nl Eng`smj Lartjbjzar

`) @s snjb Lartjbjzar
Lartjbjzar;;

Xnjb js afrjhmac ey usjfd hnopnst`fceng`smj lartjbjzars , prncuhac

ey laroaftjfd v`rjnus nrd`fjh o`tarj`bs. Xnjb hnfcjtjnfs `ra joprnvac ey
usjfd a`rtmwnros `fc ojhrnnrd`fjsos wmjhm cahnopnsa nrd`fjh o`tarj`bs.
Joprnvac snjb mabps hrnps drnw ma`btmy `fc sturcy.

e) Sra`toaft nl gjthmaf d`re`da;

 Sma Eng`smj
Eng`smj Lartjbjza
Lartjbjzarr js ` pr`htjh
pr`htjh`b
`b `fc hnfv
hnfvafjaft
afjaft `bt
`btarf`tjva
arf`tjva lnr
tr`fslnrojfd gjthmaf w`sta jftn ` futrjaft rjhm snjb hnfcjtjnfar.

h) Gay jfdracjafts lnr tma tra`toaft nl pnfc, b`gas, rjvar, `fc saw`da
systao;

@ o`knr jfdracjaft lnr o`gjfd nl Ouc e`bbs js Eng`smj tm`t mabps lnr
w`sta w`tar tra`toaft aspahj`bby lnr w`tar sbucda tra`toaft.

c) Sra`toaft nl o`furas;

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    09

 

 Sma crjac o`fura prnvjcas futrjafts `fc nrd`fjh o`ttar, wmjba tma
snjb mabps tn prasarva futrjafts, `esnre e`c soabbs, `fc prnvjca `
hnolnrt`eba bjvjfd sp`ha lnr ojhrnnrd`fjsos.

Snnbs, O`tarj`bs `fc Oatmncs jf prap`rjfd Eng`smj Lartjbjzar

SNNBX

Xprjfgbar ‘ Qsac jf w`tarjfd tma

Eng`smj Lartjbjzar

Xmnvab - Xmnvabs `ra usac lnr

hba`fjfd cjthmas `fc lnr ojxjfd r`w
o`tarj`bs.

U`ga - Jt js ` tnnb usac tn ojx `fc

bavab tma eng`smj lartjbjzar.

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    00

 

O`tarj`bs

C0 Ujha Er`f

H`renfjzac Ujha Mubb

Hmnppac Ujha Xtr`w

Xmraccac Hnrf Xt`bg

X`w Cust

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    05

 

Yrnhacura jf prap`rjfd Eng`smj Lartjbjzar

Xtap 0; Cjbuta Onb`ssas jf w`tar

Xtap 5-Ojx `bb tma snbjc jfdracjafts

`fc cjbutac onb`ssas snbutjnf

XSAY 8; Hmahg lnr 89-39%

Onjstura hnftaft

XSAY 3; Hnvar tma Eng`smj wjtm

Duffy e`ds/Yb`stjh hnvar

Xtap 1; Laroaft lnr 0 waag jf `

hnvarac `ra` wjtmnut r`jf `fc
cjraht sufbjdmt

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    08

 

Xabl-Hmahg 8.0-0

SUQA NU L@BXA; Trjta
L@BXA; Trjta Srua jl tma st`taoaft
st`taoaft js hnrraht `fc l`bsa jl wrnfd.
Trjta ynur `fswar jf ` sap`r`ta smaat nl p`par.

 ^^^^^^0.Eng`smj
 ^^^^^^0.Eng`smj Lartjbjzar
Lartjbjzar h`f ea stnhg
stnhg jf wabb-vaftj
wabb-vaftjb`tac
b`tac `ra`.

 ^^^^^^5. M`va
M`va fn w`tar suppby
suppby `fc snurha
snurha nl hnopnst o`tarj`bs
o`tarj`bs `ra tma east
east
typa nl `ra` jf prap`r`tjnf nl eng`smj lartjbjzar.

 ^^^^^^8. Lbnnc
Lbnnc lraa js tma nfa
nfa nl tma east
east pr`htjha jf sabahtjf
sabahtjfd
d sjta lnr
hnopnstjfd.

 ^^^^^^3. @ra` wjtmnut

wjtmnut U`jf `fc cjraht
cjraht sufbjdmt `ra east jf hnopnstjfd
hnopnstjfd sjta.
sjta.

 ^^^^^^1.Eng`smj lartjbjzar
 ^^^^^^1.Eng`smj lartjbjzar h`f `bsn usa
usa jf l`ro `fjo`bs
`fjo`bs `s `btarf`tjva
`btarf`tjva nrd`fjh
nrd`fjh
lnnc.

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    03

 

@fswar Gay 8.0-0

0. SUQA

5. L@BXA

8. SUQA

3. L@BXA

1. L@BXA

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    01

 

S@XG XMAAS 8.0-0

Sjtba; Yrap`ra dnnc hnopnstjfd sjta `fc r`w o`tarj`bs lnr Eng`smj
lartjbjzar.

Yarlnro`fha Nekahtjva;
Nekahtjva;

Djvaf tma Nrd`fjh @drjhubtura Yrncuhtjnf nl l`ro jfputs npar`tjnf jf

prap`rjfd lnr tma dnnc hnopnstjfd sjta `fc r`w o`tarj`bs lnr eng`smj
lartjbjzar, ynu smnubc ea `eba tn prap`ra eng`smj `fc hnfcuht nl
npar`tjnf.

Xuppbjas/O`tarj`bs ;

Xmnvab, r`ga, pb`stjh e`ds/s`hg, rjha er`f, smraccac rjha str`w, smraccac
hnrf st`bg, s`w cust, w`tar `fc onb`ssas.

Sjoa; 8.1 Mnurs

Xtaps/Yrnhacura;
0. Nesarva NM&X `fc wa`r `pprnprj`ta YYAs.

5. Cjbuta onb`ssas jf w`tar.

8. Ojx `bb tma snbjc jfdracjafts `fc cjbuta onb`ssas.

3. Hmahg lnr 89-39% onjstura hnftaft.

1. Hnvar tma eng`smj wjtm duffy e`ds nr pb`stjh hnvar.

<. Laroaft lnr 0 waag jf ` hnvarac `ra` wjtmnut r`jf `fc cjraht
sufbjdmt.

4. @arnejh e
eng`smj
ng`smj jjs
s ra`cy tn usa.

=. Yarlnro 1s.

@ssassoaft Oatmnc;;
Nesarv`tjnf
Jftarvjaw
Caonfstr`tjnf wjtm quastjnfjfd

Yarlnro`fha Hrjtarj` Hmahgbjst 8.0-0

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    0<

 

HUJSAUJ@ ZAX FN
Cjc ynu….

0. Nesarva NM&X `fc wa`r `pprnprj`ta YYAs>

5. Cjbuta onb`ssas jf w`tar>

8. Ojx `bb tma snbjc jfdracjafts `fc cjbuta onb`ssas>

3. Hmahg lnr 89-39% onjstura hnftaft>

1. Hnvar tma eng`smj wjtm duffy e`ds nr pb`stjh hnvar>

<. Laroaft lnr 0 waag jf ` hnvarac `ra` wjtmnut r`jf `fc

cjraht sufbjdmt>

4. Qsa eng`smj `s snjb lartjbjzar>

=. Yarlnro 1s.

Jflnro`tjnf smaat 8.0-5

Snnbs, O`tarj`bs `fc oatmnc jf Yrap`rjfd eac `fc U`w

o`tarj`bs lnr varoj Hnopnstjfd
UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    04
 

Ba`rfjfd Nekahtjvas;

@ltar ra`cjfd tmjs JFLNUO@SJNF XMAAS, ZNQ OQXS ea `eba tn;

0. Sn catarojfa tma Yrnhacura jf Yrap`rjfd eac `fc r`w o`tarj`bs lnr varoj
hnopnstjfd..
hnopnstjfd

Jftrncuhtjnf

 Smjs Jflnro`tjnf
Jflnro`tjnf Xmaat h
hnft`jf
nft`jf tma Y
Yrnhacura
rnhacura jf Y
Yrap`rjfd
rap`rjfd ea
eac
c `fc
U`w O`tarj`bs lnr varoj Hnopnstjfd.

0. \aroj hnopnstjfd js tm tma

a prprnh
nhas
asss ey wmwmjhjhm
m
wnros
wnros `ra usa
usacc tn hnf
hnfva
vart
rt nrd
nrd`f
`fjh
jh o`
o`tar
tarj`b
j`bs
s
(usu`bby
(usu `bby w`s
w`stas)
tas) jftn ` muou
muous-bs-bjga
jga o`ta
o`tarj`b
rj`b
gfnw
gf nwff `s vavaro
rojf
jf hn
hnop
opnsnst.
t. Sm
Smaa dn
dn`b
`b js tn
prnhass tma o`tarj`b `s qujhgby `fc alljhjaftby 
`s pnssjeba. @lrjh`f Fjdmt Hr`wbar
(Aucrjbusaudaf`a ) nr ralarrac tn `s tma
hnopnstjfd wnro m`va fn sh`bas `fc `ra snlt
encjac. Smay era`tma tmrnudm tmajr sgjf wjtm
` onutm `t tma tjp nl tmajr `ftarjnr pnrtjnf.
 Smay laac nf onjst nrd`fjh o`tarj`bs tm`t m`va eaaf cahnopnsac ey 
e`htarj` `fc ntmar ojhrnnrd`fjsos. Sma @lrjh`f Fjdmt hr`wbar js h`p`eba nl 
eraacjfd waagby `fc prncuhas up tn tmraa lartjbjzac adds par h`psuba. Smay 
h`f o`tura wjtmjf ` onftm, `tt`jf ` bafdtmonra tm`f 59 ho bnfd `fc bjvalnr
onra tm`f ` ya`r. Tnros a`t `s ouhm `s tmajr encywajdmt par c`y.

Xjta Xabahtjnf;

`) Jt oust ea sm`cac (a`rtmwnros smy `w`y lrno strnfd bjdmt)

e) Lbnnc lraa
h) @hhassjeba tn w`tar suppby `fc snurha nl hnopnst o`tarj`b
c)Tabb vaftjb`tac

SNNBX

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    0=

 

Enbn - Sma
- Sma prjo`ry usa lnr tma enbn js
hba`rjfd vadat`tjnf `fc tn hmnp r`w
o`tarj`bs, wmatmar
wmatmar lnr `drjhubtura nr
curjfd tr`jb eb`zjfd.

Xmnvab - Xmnvabs `ra usac lnr

hba`fjfd cjthmas `fc lnr ojxjfd r`w
o`tarj`bs.

U`ga - Jt js ` tnnb usac tn hba`f `fc

bavab tma drnufc.

O`tarj`bs

CUJAC @FJO@B O@FQUA

DU@XX

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    0:

 

O@CUA CA H@H@N BA@\AX /

BADQOAX

HMNYYAC E@F@F@ SUQFG

\AUOJ TNUO (@lrjh`f Fjdmt

Hr`wbar)

Xtap jf Yrap`rjfd Eac `fc U`w o`tarj`bs

XSAY 0 ‘YUAY@UA SMA TNUO EJF

XSAY 5 ‘0
XSAY ‘0XS
XSB@
B@ZA
ZAU(
U(BJ
BJ\A
\AXS
XSNH
NHG
G
O@FQUA)

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    59

 

XSAY 8 ‘5FCB@ZAU(YB@FS Y@USX-

BA@\AX, SUQFGX, LUQJSX)

XSAY 3 ‘8U
XSAY ‘8UC
C B@
B@ZAU
ZAU(BJ
(BJ\A
\AXSN
XSNHG
HG
O@FQUA)

XSAY 1 ‘3SM B@ZAU(YB@FS

Y@USX-BA@\AX,, SUQFGX, LUQJSX)
Y@USX-BA@\AX

XSAY < ‘1SM B@ZAU(BJ\A

B@ZAU(BJ\AXSNHG
XSNHG
O@FQUA)

XSAY
XS
@FAY
C 4-HN
4-
THN\A
@JS\AU
ULNSM
SMA
U A 5TN
TNUO
UO
TAAEJ
EJF
GXF,
OJHUNEAX TJBB CN SMAJU
CAHNOYNXJSJNF KNE!

XSAY =-@
XSAY =-@LSA
LSAU
U 01 C@Z
C@ZX-C
X-CAYB
AYBNZ
NZ
SMA TNUOX

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    50

 

XSAY :-HN\AU SMA TNUO EJF SN

YUN
YUNSA
SAHHS LU
LUNO
NO YU
YUA
AC@
C@SN
SNUX
UX,,
T@SAU 5-8 SJOAX @ TAAG

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    55

 

Xabl-Hmahg 8.0-5

AFQOAU@SJNF;

  Afuoar`ta tma staps jf prap`rjfd eac `fc r`w o`tarj`bs lnr varoj

hnopnstjfd,
hnopnstjfd, jf prnpar nrcar.

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    58

 

@fswar Gay 8.0-5

0. Yrap`ra tma wnro ejf.

5. 0st b`yar Bjvastnhg O`fura.

8. 5fc b`yar Yb`ft p`rt, ba`vas, e`f`f` trufgs `fc lrujts.

3. 8rc b`yar Bjvastnhg O`fura.

1. 3tm b`yar Yb`ft p`rt, ba`vas, e`f`f` trufgs `fc lrujts.

<. 1tm b`yar Bjvastnhg O`fura.

4. Hnvar tma wnro ejf `fc w`jt lnr 5 waags, ojhrneas wjbb cn tmajr
cahnopnsjtjnf kne.

=. @ltar 01 c`ys capbny tma wnros.

:. hnvar tma wnro ejf tn prntaht lrno prac`tnrs, w`tar 5-8 tjoas ` waag.

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    53

 

S@XG XMAAS 8.0-5

Sjtba; Yrap`ra eac `fc r`w o`tarj`bs lnr varoj hnopnstjfd.

Yarlnro`fha Nekahtjva;
Nekahtjva;

Djvaf tma Nrd`fjh @drjhubtura Yrncuhtjnf nl l`ro jfputs npar`tjnf jf

prap`rjfd lnr tma prncuhtjnf nl varoj hnopnstjfd, ynu smnubc ea `eba tn
prap`ra r`w o`tarj`bs lnr tma hnfcuht nl npar`tjnf.

Xuppbjas/O`tarj`bs ;
YYA, Enbn, smnvab, U`ga, Crjac o`fura, Dr`ss, o`cra ca h`h`n ba`vas,
Hmnppac e`f`f` trufgs `fc varoj wnro.
Sjoa; 8.1 Mnurs

Xtaps/Yrnhacura; 0

0. Nesarva NM&X `fc wa`r ynur @pprnprj`ta YYAs.

5. Yrap`ra `bb r`w o`tarj`bs faacac.

8. Yrap`ra wnro ejf.

3. Yut tma Bjvastnhg o`fura jf tma 0st b`yar

1. 5fc b`yar js pb`ft p`rts, ba`vas, e`f`f` trufgs.

<. 8rc b`yar js bjvastnhg o`fura.

4. 3tm b`yar js pb`ft p`rts, ba`vas, e`f`f` trufgs.

=. 1tm b`yar js bjvastnhg o`fura.

:. Hnvar tma wnro ejf `fc w`jt lnr 5 waags, ojhrneas wjbb cn tmajr kne.

09. @fc `ltar 01 c`ys capbny tma varoj wnro.

00. Yarlnro 1s.

@ssassoaft Oatmnc;
Nesarv`tjnf
Jftarvjaw
Caonfstr`tjnf wjtm quastjnfjfd

Yarlnro`fha Hrjtarj` Hmahgbjst 8.0-5

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    51

 

HUJSAUJ@ ZAX FN
Cjc ynu….

0. Nesarva NM&X `fc wa`r `pprnprj`ta YYAs>

5. Yrap`ra `bb r`w o`tarj`bs faacac>

8. Yrap`ra wnro ejf>

3. Yut tma Bjvastnhg o`fura jf tma 0 st b`yar>

1. Yut pb`ft p`rts, ba`vas, e`f`f` trufgs jf tma 5fc

b`yar>

<. Yut bjvastnhg o`fura jf tma 8 rc b`yar>

4. Yut pb`ft p`rts, ba`vas, e`f`f` trufgs3 tm b`yar>

=. Yut bjvastnhg o`fura jf tma 1 tm b`yar>

:. Hnvar tma wnro ejf `fc w`jt lnr 5 waags, ojhrneas

wjbb cn tmajr kne>

09. Capbny varoj wnro `ltar 01 c`ys>

00. Yarlnro 1s>

BN5. HNOYN
HNOYNXS
XS @
@FC
FC M
M@U\A
@U\AXS
XS LA
LAUSJB
USJBJ[AU
J[AU

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    5<

 

@XXAXXOAFS HUJSAUJ@;

0. @pp
@pprnp
rnprj`
rj`ta
ta hnopnstjfd oatmncs  `ra `ra `ppbjac e`sac nf prncuhtjnf
raqujraoafts
5. Hnopnst js o onfjtnrac
nfjtnrac e`sac
e`sac YFX jfc
jfcjh`tnrs
jh`tnrs nl lubby c
cahnopnsac
ahnopnsac
lartjbjzar
8. Pu`bjty nl m`m`rvast
rvast js hma
hmahgac
hgac e`sac nf YFX jfc
jfcjh`tnrs
jh`tnrs nl lubby

cahnopnsacnllartjbjzar
3. Yrnhassjfd hnopnst lartjbjzar  `ra
 `ra h`rrjac- nut e`sac nf
prncuhtjnf raqujraoaf
raqujraoaft. t.
1. Uahnrc g
gaapjfd
aapjfd js pparlnroac
arlnroac `h
`hhnrcjfd
hnrcjfd tn af
aftarprjsa
tarprjsa prnhacura.

HNFSAFSX;

0. YFX llnr
nr nrd`
nrd`fjh
fjh ``fc
fc oj
ojfar`
far`bb lart
lartjbjz
jbjzar
ar
5. L`ht
L`htnrs
nrs `lla
`llahtj
htjfd
fd cah
cahnopns
nopnsjtjn
jtjnff prnha
prnhassss
8. Oatm
Oatmncs
ncs `f
`fcc prnh
prnhacur
acurasas nl hhnopn
nopnstjf
stjfd
d
3. U`pjc
U`pjc hn
hnopn
opnstj
stjfd
fd oa
oatmn
tmncs
cs
1. Cnueb
Cnueba a cu
cudd hn
hnopn
opnststjf
jfdd
<. Xj
Xjx
x on
onftm
ftm hno
hnopns
pnstjf
tjfdd
4. Xuest
Xuestr`t
r`taahhnop
nopnst
nstjf
jfd
d
=. L`ht
L`htnrs
nrs tn ea o
onfjt
nfjtnrac
nrac ccurjf
urjfd d cahn
cahnopns
opnsjtjn
jtjnf
f
:. Onjs
njstu
tura
ra
09. Saopar`tura
00..
00 Yr
Yrnp
npar
ar us
usa
a``fc
fc m`
m`fc
fcbj
bjfd
fd nl On
Onjsjstu
tura
ra Oa
Oatatarr
05..
05 Yr
Yrnh
nhas
assj
sjfd
fd nl h
hno
nopn
pnst
st lar
lartj
tjbj
bjza
zarr
08..
08 On
Onjsjstu
tura
ra `
`fc
fc ta
taop
opar
ar`t
`tura
ura jfjfta
tarp
rpra
rat`
t`tj
tjnf
nf

HNFCJSJNFX;

 Sma stucafts/tr`jfaa
stucafts/tr`jfaas
s oust ea prnvj
prnvjcac
cac wjtm tma lnbbnwjfd
lnbbnwjfd;;

 Snnbs `fc o`tarj`bs;

 o`tarj`bs;

-Onjstura oatar, Xp`cjfd lnrg, Xmnvab, Ejd p`jb, YYAs,

 Srjhmncaro`, Hnfhnhtjnf
 Srjhmncaro`, Hnfhnhtjnfs,
s, Gf`ps`hg sp
spr`yar,
r`yar, Jfcjda
Jfcjdafnus
fnus Ojhrn-
Nrd`fjso (JON)Yrap`rac
(JON)Yrap`rac o`tarj`bs lnr hnopnstjf
hnopnstjfd,
d, @lrjh`f fjdmt
hr`wbar, Xjavar

 Ba`rfjfd o`tarj`bs;

 -YFX lnr nrd`fjh `fc ojfar`b lartjbjzar

 -M`fc-nuts `fc \jcans lnr Hnopnstjfd Oatmncs

 Sr`jfjfd aqujpoaft
aqujpoaft;;

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    54

 

 -Hnoputar
 -BHC

OASMNCNBNDJAX;

0. Caonfstr`tjnf
5. Bahtura/ cjshussjnf
8.
3. Ljabc wnrg/l`ro vjsjt
\jcan prasaft`tj
prasaft`tjnf
nf

@XXAXXOAFS OASMNCX;

0. Caon
Caonfstr
fstr`tjnf
`tjnf wjt
wjtm
m nr`b q
quast
uastjnfj
jnfjfd
fd
5. Trjttaf ax`o

Ba`rfjfd Axparjafhas

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    5=

 

Ba`rfjfd Nuthnoa 0 ; Yrap`ra hnopnstjfd `ra` `fc r`w o`tarj`bs

Ba`rfjfd @htjvjtjas Xpahj`b Jfstruhtjnfs

Ua`c Jflnro`tjnf smaat 8.5-0 jf @bw`ys raoaoear tma O`f`daoaft

O`f`daoaft Yrnhacura jf Yrnhacura jf Hnopnstjfd `fc

Hnopnstjfd `fc m`rvastjfd Lartjbjzar m`rvastjfd Lartjbjzar

@fswar sabl-hmahg 8.5-0 jf  Sry tn hm`bbafda

hm`bbafda ynurs
ynursabl
abl ey
O`f`daoaft Yrnhacura jf `fswarjfd sabl-hmahg wjtmnut
Hnopnstjfd `fc m`rvastjfd Lartjbjzar bnngjfd `t tma `fswar gay 

Hnop`ra ynur `fswar usjfd `fswar Cnueba hmahg ynur `fswar usjfd
gay 8.5-0 `fswar gay 

T`thm \jcan prasaft`tjnf `fc pnwar @sg ynur tr`jfar lnr `v`jb`eba

pnjft prasaft`tjnf nf O`f`daoaft oubtjoacj` prasaft`tjnf

Yrnhacura jf Hnopnstjfd `fc
m`rvastjfd Lartjbjzar

Yarlnro S`sg smaat 8.5-0 jf @bw`ys nesarva s`laty `fc wa`r

O`f`daoaft Yrnhacura jf `pprnprj`ta YYA wmjba cnjfd tma
Hnopnstjfd `fc m`rvastjfd Lartjbjzar t`sg

U`ta ynur nwf parlnro`fha usjfd Uapa`t tma t`sg jl ynu l`jb tma
parlnro`fha hrjtarj` hmahg bjst 8.5-0 hrjtarj`

Jflnro`tjnf Xmaat 8.5-0

O`f`daoaft Yrnhacura jf Hnopnstjfd `fc M`rvastjfd Lartjbjzar

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    5:

 

Ba`rfjfd Nekahtjvas;

@ltar ra`cjfd tmjs JFLNUO@SJNF XMAAS, ZNQ OQXS ea `eba tn;

0. Sn jcaf
jcaftjly
tjly tma Oa
Oatmnc
tmncs
s `fc prnha
prnhacura
curass nl hnopnst
hnopnstjfd
jfd..
5. Sn Cjsh
Cjshuss
uss tmtma
a Yrnha
Yrnhass
ss nl Hnop
Hnopnst
nst La
Lartjb
rtjbjza
jzar.
r.
8. Sn gfnw tma o`f
o`f`daoaft
`daoaft Yrnhacura jjf
f m`rv
m`rvastjfd
astjfd Lartjbjza
Lartjbjzar.
r.

Jftrncuhtjnf

 Smjs Jflnro`tjnf Xmaat hnft`jfs O`f

O`f`da
`daoaf
oaftt Yrnhac
Yrnhacura
ura jf
Hnopnstjfd `fc M`rvastjfd Lartjbjzar.

Sypas nl Hnopnstjfd

Ealnra
Ealnra yn
ynu
u st
st`r
`rtt pjbj
pjbjfd
fd nf
nf,, ra
rahn
hndf
dfjz
jza
a tm
tm`t
`t tm
tmar
ara
a `ra
`ra tw
twn
n typa
typas
s nl 
hnopnstjfd; hnbc `fc mnt. Hnbc hnopnstjfd
hnopnstjfd js
 js `s sjopba `s hnbbahtjfd y`rc
w`sta nr t`gjfd nut tma nrd`fjh o`tarj`bs jf ynur tr`sm (suhm `s lrujt `fc
vadat`eba paabs, hnllaa drnufcs `fc ljbtars, `fc addsmabbs) `fc tmaf hnrr`bbjfd
tmao jf ` pjba nr ejf.
ejf . Nvar tma hnursa nl ` ya`r nr sn, tma o`tarj`b wjbb
cahnopnsa.

Mnt hnopnstjfd js lnr tma onra sarjnus d`rcafa

d`rcafarr eut ` l`star prnhass– 
 ynu'bb dat hnopnst jf nfa tn tmraa onftms curjfd w`ro wa`tmar. Lnur

jfdracjafts `ra raqujrac lnr l`st-hnngjfd mnt hnopnst

hnopnst;; fjtrndaf, h`renf, `jr,

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    89

 

`fc w`tar. Sndatmar, tmasa jtaos laac ojhrnnrd`fjsos, wmjhm spaac up tma
prnhass nl cah`y. Jf sprjfd nr l`bb wmaf d`rcaf w`sta js pbaftjlub, ynu h`f
ojx nfa ejd e`thm nl hnopnst `fc tmaf st`rt ` sahnfc nfa wmjba tma ljrst
"hnngs."

\arojhnopnst js o`ca vj` wnro hnopnstjfd

hnopnstjfd.. Tmaf wnros a`t
 ynur lnnc shr`ps, tmay raba`sa h`stjfds, wmjhm `ra rjhm jf fjtrndaf
fjtrndaf..
Znu
Znu h`f
h`f't
't usa
usa kust
kust `f
`fy
y nbc
nbc wn
wnro
ros
s ln
lnrr tm
tmjs
js,, mnwa
mnwavar
var–yn
–ynu
u fa
faac
ac
racwnros (`bsn h`bbac "rac wjddbars"). Tnros lnr hnopnstjfd h`f ea
purhm`sac jfaxpafsjvaby nfbjfa nr `t ` d`rcaf suppbjar.

Tm`t tn Hnopnst

Hnopnstjfd js ` dra`t w`y tn usa tma tmjfds jf ynur ralrjdar`tnr tm`t ynu
cjcf
cjcf't
't da
datt tn, tmara
tmaralnr
lnra
a abjoj
abjojf`t
f`tjf
jfd
d w`s
w`sta.
ta. Ga
Gaap
apjf
jfd
d ` hnf
hnft`j
t`jfa
farr jf yn
ynur
ur
gjthmaf, bjga tmjs hmjh wmjta har`ojh hnopnst euhgat
euhgat lrno
 lrno Tnrbc O`rgat, js
`f a`sy w`y tn `hhuoub`ta ynur hnopnstjfd o`tarj`bs. Jl ynu cnf't w`ft tn
euy nfa, ynu h`f o`ga ynur nwf jfcnnr
jfcnnr nr
 nr nutcnnr
nutcnnr mnoao`ca
 mnoao`ca hnopnst ejf.
Hnbbaht tmasa o`tarj`bs tn st`rt nll ynur hnopnst pjba rjdmt;

 Lrujt shr`ps
 \adat`eba shr`ps
 Hnllaa drnufcs
 Addsmabbs
 Dr`ss `fc pb`ft hbjppjfds

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    80

 

 Cry ba`vas
 Ljfaby hmnppac wnnc `fc e`rg hmjps
 Xmraccac fawsp`par
 Xtr`w
 X`wcust lrno uftra`tac wnnc

Tm`t FNS tn Hnopnst

Fnt nfby wjbb tmasa jtaos fnt wnrg `s wabb jf ynur d`rcaf, eut tmay h`f
o`ga ynur hnopnst soabb `fc `ttr`ht `fjo`bs `fc pasts. @vnjc tmasa jtaos
lnr ` suhhasslub hnopnst pjba;

 @fytmjfd hnft`jfjfd oa`t, njb, l`t, nr dra`sa

 Cjsa`sac pb`ft o`tarj`bs
 X`wcust nr hmjps lrno prassura-tra`tac wnnc
 Cnd nr h`t lahas
 Taacs tm`t dn tn saac
 C`jry prncuhts

Xtap `fc Yrnhacura jf Hnopnstjfd Nrd`fjh Lartjbjzar

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    85

 

Xtap 0; Hnoejfa Draaf `fc Ernwf O`tarj`bs

 Sn o`ga ynur nwf mnt-hnopn

mnt-hnopnst
st ma`p, w`jt uftjb ynu m`va afnudm

o`tarj`bs tn o`ga ` pjba `t ba`st 8 laat caap. Znu `ra dnjfd tn w`ft tn
hnoe
hnoejf
jfa
a yn
ynur
ur wa
wat,
t, dr
draa
aaf
f jt
jtao
aoss wj
wjtm
tm yn
ynur
ur cr
cry,
y, er
ernw
nwf
f jtao
jtaos.
s. "E
"Ern
rnwf
wf""
o`tarj`bs jf
jfhb
hbuc
uca
a cr
crja
jac
c pb`f
pb`ftt o`
o`ta
tarj
rj`b
`bs
s7 l`bb
l`bbaf
af ba`v
ba`vas
as77 sm
smra
racc
ccac
ac traa
traa
er`fh
er`fhma
mas,
s, h`r
h`rce
cen`r
n`rc,
c, nr fa
fawsp
wsp`pa
`par7
r7 m`
m`y
y nr str
str`w
`w77 `f
`fc
c wnn
wnnc
c sm
sm`v
`vjf
jfds,
ds,
wmjh
wmjhm
m `cc h`r
h`renf
enf.. "D
"Draa
raaf"
f" o`t
o`tarj
arj`bs
`bs jf
jfhb
hbuca
uca gj
gjthm
thmaf
af sh
shr`p
r`ps
s `fc hn
hnlla
llaa
a
drnufcs, `fjo`b o`furas (fnt lrno cnds nr h`ts), `fc lrasm pb`ft `fc dr`ss
trjo
trjooj
ojfd
fds,
s, wm
wmjh
jhm
m `c
`cc
c fjtr
fjtrnd
ndaf
af.. Ln
Lnrr ea
east
st ra
rasu
subt
bts,
s, st`r
st`rtt eu
eujb
jbcj
cjfd
fd yn
ynur
ur
hnopnst pjba ey
ey ojxjfd tmra
tmraa
a p`rts ernwf wj
wjtm
tm nfa p`rt draaf o`
o`tarj`bs.
tarj`bs. Jl 
 ynur hnopnst pjba bnngs tnn wat `fc soabbs,
soabbs, `cc onra ernwf jtaos nr `ar`ta

onra nltaf. Jl ynu saa jt bnngs axtraoaby ernw

ernwf
f `fc cry, `cc draaf jtaos `fc
w`tar tn o`ga jt sbjdmtby onjst.

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    88

 

Xtap 5; T`tar Znur Yjba

Xprjfgba w`tar nvar tma pjba radub`rby sn jt m`s tma hnfsjstafhy nl `

c`op spnfda. Cnf't `cc tnn ouhm w`tar, ntmarwjsa, tma ojhrnnrd`fjsos jf
 ynur pjba wjbb eahnoa w`tarbnddac `fc crnwf. Jl tmjs m`ppafs, ynur pjba wjbb
rnt
rnt jf
jfst
sta`
a`c
c nl hn
hnop
opns
nst.
t. On
Onf
fjtnr
jtnr tm
tma
a taop
taopar
ar`t
`tur
ura
a nl yn
ynur
ur pj
pjba
ba wjtm
jtm `
tmaronoatar tn ea sura tma o`tarj`bs `ra prnparby cahnopnsjfd. Nr, sjopby 
ra`hm jftn tma ojccba nl tma pjba wjtm ynur m`fc. Znur hnopnst pjba smnubc
laab w`ro.

Xtap 8; Xtjr Qp Znur Yjba

Curjf
Curjfd
d tma
tma drn
drnwj
wjfd
fd sa
sa`sn
`snf,
f, ynu sm
smnub
nubc
c prn
prnvj
vjca
ca tma pjb
pjba
a wj
wjtm
tm nxy
nxyda
daf
f ey 
turfjfd jt nfha ` waag wjtm ` d`rcaf lnrg. Sma east tjoa tn turf tma hnopnst
js wmaf tma haftar nl tma pjba laabs w`ro nr wmaf ` tmaronoatar ra`cs

eatwaaf 089 `fc 019 cadraas L. Xtjrrjfd up tma pjba wjbb mabp jt hnng l`star
`fc pravafts o`tarj`b lrno eahnojfd o`ttac cnwf `fc cavabnpjfd `f ncnr.

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    83

 

@t tmjs pnjft, tma b`yars m`va sarvac tmajr purpnsa nl hra`tjfd aqu`b `onufts
nl draaf `fc ernwf o`tarj`bs tmrnudmnut tma pjba, sn stjr tmnrnudmby.

Xtap 3; Laac Znur D`rcaf

Tmaf tma hnopnst fn bnfdar djvas nll ma`t `fc eahnoas cry, ernwf,
`fc hruoeby, jt's lubby hnngac `fc ra`cy tn laac tn tma d`rcaf.
d`rcaf . @cc `enut 3
tn < jf
jfhm
hmas
as nl hn
hnop
opns
nstt tn yn
ynur
ur lbnw
lbnwar
ar ea
eacs
cs `f
`fc
c jf
jftn
tn yn
ynur
ur pn
pnts
ts `t tm
tma
a
eadjffjfd nl a`hm pb`ftjfd sa`snf.

Xnoa d`rcafars o`ga wm`t's gfnwf `s hnopnst ta` wjtm snoa nl 
tmaj
tmajrr ljf
ljfjs
jsma
mac
c hno
hnopns
pnst.
t. Sm
Smjs
js jf
jfvnb
vnbva
vas
s `b
`bbnw
bnwjf
jfd
d lub
lubby
by lnr
lnroa
oac
c hno
hnopns
pnstt tn
"staap" jf w`tar lnr savar`b c`ys, tmaf str`jfjfd jt tn usa `s ` mnoao`ca
bjqujc lartjbjzar.

Avar
Avary
y d`
d`rc
rcaf
afar
ar js cj
cjll
llar
araf
aft,
t, sn jt's
jt's up tn yn
ynu
u tn ca
cahj
hjca
ca wm
wmjh
jhm
m
hnopnstj
hnopnstjfd
fd oatm
oatmnc
nc eas
eastt ljts ynur bjla
bjlastyb
styba.
a. Lnrt
Lnrtuf`t
uf`taby
aby,, fn o`tt
o`ttar
ar wmj
wmjhm
hm
rnuta ynu hmnnsa, hnopnst js jfhracjeby a`sy `fc afvjrnfoaft`bby lrjafcby.
Ybus, jt's ` tra`t lnr ynur d`rcaf. Tjtm kust ` law gjthmaf shr`ps `fc snoa
p`tjafha, ynu'bb m`va tma m`ppjast d`rcaf pnssjeba.

Mnw tn M`rvast Znur Hnopnst

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    81

 

Mnw tn M`rvast

Mnw ynu m`rvast ynur o`tura hnopnst wjbb ea capafcaft nf wm`t

styba nl hnopnst ejf ynu usa. Jl ynu m`va ` sjfdba hnopnst ejf, ynu wjbb
bjgaby m`va tn raonva tma tnp pnrtjnf nl tma pjba tn dat tn tma o`tarj`b tm`t js
ra`cy lnr m`rvastjfd (jt l`bbs tn tma enttno). Jl ynu m`va savar`b ejfs, nr `

ou
oubt
btj-
j-ej
ejf
o`tura, f`fc
sy
syst
stao
ao,, faw
`cc yn
ynu
u o`tarj`bs
h`
h`f
f us
usaa tn
nf
nfa
a sa
saht
tma htjn
jnf
f nr Sm`t
ntmar(s). ejf
ejf tn
w`ybat
batynu
hn
hnop
opns
h`fnst
t lu
lubb
bby 
y 
sjopby 
aopty nut tma aftjra ejf wmaf jts hnftafts `ra o`tura!

Tjtm ` sjfdba ejf ynu wjbb ajtmar m`va tn;

 Onva ynur ejf nvar `ck`haft tn jts hurraft bnh`tjnf `fc tr`fslar
tma ufljfjsmac o`tarj`b e`hg jftn tma ejf. Znu h`f tmaf m`rvast
tma rao`jfjfd o`tarj`b.
 Uaonva tma tnp pnrtjnf nl tma pjba. Nfha ynu m`va m`rvastac tma
ljfjsmac hnopnst lrno eabnw, ynu h`f tmaf smnvab tma hnftafts
e`hg jftn tma ejf `fc st`rt `ccjfd faw o`tarj`b nf tnp.

Tmaf tn M`rvast

Dafar`bby hnopnst js ra`cy tn ea m`rvastac wmaf tma ljfjsmac prncuht

js ` rjhm c`rg ernwf hnbnr, soabbs bjga a`rtm, `fc hruoebas jf ynur m`fc.
Xnoa sjdfs tm`t jt o`y fnt ea ra`cy jfhbuca;
 Uahndfjz`eba lnnc hnftaft stjbb vjsjeba
  Sma pjba js
js stjbb w`
w`ro.
ro. Smjs oa`f
oa`fs
s tm`t jt js s
stjbb
tjbb wnrgj
wnrgjfd.
fd.
  Smara `ra stjbb
stjbb bnts nl b`rda buops jf tm
tma
a pjba.

Jl `fy nl tma `enva `ra fntjha`eb

fntjha`eba,
a, djva jt ` law
onra waags `fc hmahg jt `d`jf. Jl jt bnngs ra`cy eut
 ynu stjbb m`va twjds `fc ntmar m`rc o`tarj`bs bjga

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    8<

 

lrujt pjts jt h`f stjbb ea hnfsjcarac ljfjsma

ljfjsmac.
c. Znu o`y mnwavar faac tn shraaf
jt ealnra usjfd jt, capafcjfd nf wm`t ynu jftafc tn usa jt lnr. Xhraafac
hnopnst o`gas ` dra`t tnp crassjfd lnr ynur b`wf.

O`fy panpba `sg us js jt eattar tn m`rvast hnopnst jf tma sprjfd nr tma

l`bb>
l`bb> Dafar`bby wa rahnooafc m`rvastjfd jf tma l`bb eah`usa jl hnopnst js
usac ealnra jt m`s lubby o`tura, tma ojhrnnrd`fjsos o`y rne tma snjb `fc
pb`fts nl fjtrndaf jf nrcar tn ljfjsm tma prnhass. Xpra`cjfd ynur hnopnst jf
tma l`bb wjbb afsura tm`t ey sprjfd `fy jssuas rab`tac tn hnopnst o`turjty 
wjbb ea abjojf`tac.

Mnw tn usa ljfjsmac hnopnst

Ljfjsmac hnopnst h`f ea usac entm nutcnnrs `fc

jfcnnrs `s ` f`tur`b lartjbjzar lnr pb`fts. Ojx jt jf
tma snjb ealnra pb`ftjfd, nr usa jt tn tnp crass ynur
jfcnnr `fc nutcnnr pb`fts, jfhbucjfd ynur b`wf `fc
smrues.

Hnopnst h`f `bsn ea usac tn o`ga ` rjhm bjqujc

lartjbjzar h`bbac hnopnst ta`
ta` wmjhm
 wmjhm h`f fnt nfby ea
usac
usa c tn prn
prnvj
vjca
ca fu
futrj
trjaf
afts
ts lnr ynu
ynurr pb
pb`ft
`fts,
s, jt h`f
`bsn supprass ba`l cjsa`sa wmaf spr`yac cjrahtby nf
tma pb`ft ba`vas.

Mnw Ouhm tn Qsa

Znu dafar`bby cnf‚t m`va tn wnrry `enut `ccjfd tnn ouhm hnopnst tn

 ynur
m`va d`rcaf,
`s ouhmjf
`sl`ht
tmayonst panpba m`va tma nppnsjta prnebao, `fc tmay cnf‚t
faac.

Yb`ha nfa tn tmraa jfhmas nl hnopnst nvar tma d`rcaf `ra` jf tma l`bb
`fc tmaf cjd jt jftn tma tnp 3 tn = jfhmas nl tma snjb. Sma `ccac `cv`ft`da nl 
cjddjfd jt jf curjfd tma l`bb js tm`t tma hbuops nl snjb tm`t ynu ba`va jf ynur
d`rca
d`r caf
f wjwjbb
bb lra
lraaza
aza nvar tma wjft
wjftar.
ar. Sm
Smaa lnr
lnro`t
o`tjnf
jnf nl jha
jha jf tma snjb wj
wjbb
bb
bjtar`bby axpbnca tma hbuops `fc jf onst h`sas ynu wjbb nfby faac ` r`ga nr
mna jf tma sprjfd tn era`g up tma rao`jfjfd hbuops `fc bavab ynur d`rcaf
`ra`.

Lnr jfcnnr pb`fts ynu h`f usa up tn `enut 51% jf ynur pnttjfd ojx nr
 kust `ppby bjear`bby tn tma tnp nl axjstjfd pb`fts. Jl ynu `ra wnrrjac `enut

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    84

 

euds lrn
euds lrno
o ynynu
u nut
nutcnn
cnnrr hn
hnopn
opnst
st jfv`c
jfv`cjf
jfd
d yn
ynur
ur mno
mnoa,
a, sjopb
sjopby
y e`g
e`ga
a tma
tma
hnopnst jf tma nvaf tn o`ga jt eud lraa.

Xabl-Hmahg 8.5-0

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    8=

 

AQOAU@SJNF;

Afuoar`ta tma jtaos wm`t tn hnopnst `fc wm`t fnt tn Hnopnst.

@fswar Gay 8.5-0

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    8:

 

Tm`t tn hnopnst

 Lrujt shr`ps
 \adat`eba shr`ps
 Hnllaa drnufcs
 Addsmabbs
 Dr`ss `fc pb`ft hbjppjfds
 Cry ba`vas
 Ljfaby hmnppac wnnc `fc e`rg hmjps
 Xmraccac fawsp`par
 Xtr`w
 X`wcust lrno uftra`tac wnnc

Tm`t FNS tn Hnopnst

 @fytmjfd hnft`jfjfd oa`t, njb, l`t, nr dra`sa

 Cjsa`sac pb`ft o`tarj`bs
 X`wcust nr hmjps lrno prassura-tra`tac wnnc
 Cnd nr h`t lahas
 Taacs tm`t dn tn saac
 C`jry prncuhts

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    39

 

S@XG XMAAS 8.5-0

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    30

 

Sjtba; O`f`daoaft Yrnhacura jf Hnopnstjfd `fc m`rvastjfd

Lartjbjzar

Yarlnro`fha Nekahtjva;
Nekahtjva;

Djvaf tma Nrd`fjh @drjhubtura Yrncuhtjnf nl l`ro jfputs npar`tjnf jf

O`f`daoaft Yrnhacura
O`f`daoaft  Yrnhacura jf Hnopnstjfd `fc m`rvastjfd Lartjbjzar, ynu
smnubc ea `eba tn hnfcuht nl npar`tjnf.

Xuppbjas/O`tarj`bs ;

 Snnbs `fc o`tarj`bs;

 o`tarj`bs;

-Onjstura oatar, Xp`cjfd lnrg, Xmnvab, Ejd p`jb, YYAs,

 Srjhmncaro`, Hnfhnhtjnf
Hnfhnhtjnfs,s, Gf`ps`hg sp
spr`yar,
r`yar, Jfcjd
Jfcjdafnus
afnus
Ojhrn-Nrd`fjso
Ojhrn-Nrd`fj so (JON)Yrap`rac o`tarj`bs lnr hnopnstjf
hnopnstjfd,
d,
@lrjh`f fjdmt hr`wbar, Xjavar

 Ba`rfjfd o`tarj`bs;

 -YFX lnr nrd`fjh `fc ojfar`b lartjbjzar

 -M`fc-nuts `fc \jcans lnr Hnopnstjfd Oatmncs

 Sr`jfjfd aqujpoaf
 aqujpoaft;
t;

 -Hnoputar
 -BHC

Sjoa; 8.1 Mnurs

Xtaps/Yrnhacura;

0. Nesa
Nesarva
rva NMNM&X &X `fc wa`r ` `pprn
pprnprj`
prj`ta
ta YYA
YYAs.
s.
5. Xab
Xabaht
aht `bb rr`w
`w o`t
o`tarj`
arj`bs
bs lnr hnhnopns
opnstjf
tjfd.
d.
8. Yra
Yrap`r
p`ra a `bb r`
r`ww o`t
o`tarj
arj`bs
`bs..
3. Ojx ``bb
bb rr`w
`w o`o`tarj
tarj`bs
`bs ttmnrn
mnrnudmb
udmby.
y.
1. Yut ``bb
bb r`
r`ww o`t
o`tarj`
arj`bs
bs jf hnop
hnopnstnst ej
ejf.
f.
<. T`ta
T`tarac
rac ttma
ma hnop
hnopnst
nst aavary
vary c`y 
4. La
Laro
roafaftt lnlnrr 5 wawaag
ag jf ` hn hnva
vara
rac
c `ra`
`ra` wjt
wjtmn
mnut
ut r`
r`jf
jf `fc cjra
cjraht
ht
sufbjdmt.
=. Ya
Yarl
rlnr
nro o 1s1s..

@ssassoaft Oatmnc;
Nesarv`tjnf
Jftarvjaw
Caonfstr`tjnf wjtm quastjnfjfd

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    35

 

Yarlnro`fha Hrjtarj` Hmahgbjst 8.5-0

HUJSAUJ@ ZAX FN
Cjc ynu….

0. Nesarva NM&X `fc wa`r `pprnprj`ta YYAs.

5. Xabaht `bb r`w o`tarj`bs lnr hnopnstjfd.

8. Yrap`ra `bb r`w o`tarj`bs.

3. Ojx `bb r`w o`tarj`bs tmnrnudmby.

1. Yut `bb r`w o`tarj`bs jf hnopnst ejf.

<. T`tarac tma hnopnst avary c`y 

<. Laro
Laroaft
aft lnr 5 wa
waag
ag jf ` hn
hnvara
varac
c `ra` wj
wjtmnut
tmnut rr`jf
`jf
`fc cjraht sufbjdmt.

4. Yarlnro 1s.

UASJUN L@OJBZ L@UO BA@UFJFD XJSA    38