Structural Design - Steel (CVET-431) Fall 2017

Wind Load and Seismic Load Calculations:

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Structural Design - Steel (CVET-431) Fall 2017

Wind Load: The typical floor plan and elevation of a six-story office building measuring
100 ft. by 100 ft. in plan and laterally braced with ordinary moment resisting steel frames as
shown in the figure. The office building is located in downtown, Rochester, New York.
Determine the wind load on the building and on each moment frame. Assume that the
building is enclosed and the roof is flat with the minimum roof slope for drainage).

1. Risk Category
a. Table 1.5-1 = Risk category II
2. Wind Speed (V)
a. Fig. 26.5-1A = 115mph
3. Wind Directionality Factor (Kd)
a. Table 26.6-1 = 0.85
4. Exposure Category B
a. Section 26.7
5. Topographic Factor (Kzt)
a. Fig 26.8-1 = 1.0
6. Velocity pressure coefficient (Kh)
a. Table 28.3-1 based on building height and exposure = 0.85
7. Internal Pressure coefficient (GCpi)
a. Table 26.11-1 based on enclosure = +/- 0.18
8. Velocity pressure (qh)
a. qh = 0.00256*kh*kzt*kd*(V2) = 0.00256*0.85*1.0*0.85*1152 = 24.46psf
9. External Pressure coefficient (GCpf)
a. Fig 28.4-1 = see chart for load cases
10. a = min(10% of least horz dim, 0.4h) = 10ft
11. Calculate wind pressure (p)
a. p = q_h[(GC_pf)-(GC_pi)], see below
b. 2 load cases for different wind direction
Load Case A

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Structural Design - Steel (CVET-431) Fall 2017

Load Case B

12. Add pressures from windward and leeward walls and multiply by length of wall

a. Load Case A - P1E*2a+P1*(100-2a)+P4E*2a+P4*(100-2a) = 19.3 psf * 20’+14.2 psf

*80’+14.9 psf * 20’+11.5 psf *80’ = 2740 lb/ft = 2.74k/ft
b. Load Case B – P5E*2a+P5*(100-2a)+P6E*2a+P6*(100-2a) = 19.3 psf * 20’+14.2 psf
*80’+14.9 psf * 20’+11.5 psf *80’ = 2740 lb/ft = 2.74k/ft

13. Multiply tributary area of each floor to get wind load at each floor, 2 moment frames each direction.

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Structural Design - Steel (CVET-431) Fall 2017

Wind load
Level Tributary Area (ft) Wind load (k)
Per Frame (k)
Roof 5 13.7 6.85
6th 10 27.4 13.7
5th 10 27.4 13.7
4th 10 27.4 13.7
3rd 10 27.4 13.7
2nd 10 27.4 13.7

6.9 k

13.7 k

13.7 k

13.7 k

13.7 k

13.7 k

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Structural Design - Steel (CVET-431) Fall 2017

Seismic Load: For the six-story office building, determine the seismic forces on the building
and on each moment frame assuming the following design parameters:

Roof dead load = 25 psf

Snow load on roof Pf = 31.5 psf
Floor dead load = 75 psf (includes partitions)
Floor live load = 50 psf
Cladding (glazing) = 20 psf
Site Class: D
SS = 0.20
S1 = 0.06
TL = 8s

1. Effective seismic weight

1. All Dead loads
2. 25% Live load
3. 20% Snow load
Dead Loads
1. Roof = 25psf
25psf*(100’*100’) = 250,000lbs = 250k
2. Floor = 75psf (includes partitions)
75psf*(100’*100’) = 750,000lbs = 750k (per floor)
3. Cladding = 20psf
6 levels*[20psf*10’high*400’perimeter] = 480,000lbs = 480k
4. Total DL = 250k+5*750k+480k = 4480k
Live Loads
1. 25%*50psf*(100’*100’) = 125,000lbs = 125k (per floor)
Snow Load
1. 20%*31.5psf*(100’*100’) = 63000lbs = 63k

Effective Seismic weight (W) = DL+25%LL+20%Pf = 4480k+5*125k+63k = 5168k

2. Seismic Response Coefficient, Cs

1. Cs=SDS/(R/Ie)
R = 3.5, Ie = 1.0
Calculating SDS:
1. SMS = Fa*SS = 1.6*0.2 = 0.32
a. Fa from ASCE 7-10 table 11.4-1 based on SS and site class
2. SM1 = FV*S1 = 2.4*0.06 = 0.14
a. FV from ASCE 7-10 table 11.4-2 based on S1 and site class
3. SDS = 2/3*SMS = 2/3*0.32 = 0.21
4. SD1 = 2/3*SD1 = 2/3*0.14 = 0.10
CS = SDS/(R/Ie) = 0.21/(3.5/1.0) = 0.061

2. Check Csmax
1. T~Ta = Ct*hx = 0.028*600.8 = 0.74 seconds

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Structural Design - Steel (CVET-431) Fall 2017

Ct and x from ASCE 7-10 Table 12.8-2, h = building height

2. T can also = 0.1*N = 0.6 seconds

3. Since T<TL, Csmax = SD1/(T*R/Ie) = 0.1/(0.74*3.5/1) = 0.037 (use CSmax

instead of CS)
If T=0.6, Csmax = 0.046

3. Check CSmin = max(0.044*SDS*Ie, 0.01) = 0.01

4. Calculate Base Shear (V)

1. V = CS*W = 0.037*5168k = 191.4k

5. Vertical Force Distribution (Fx = story force)

1. Fx = Cvx*V
1. CVX = Wx*hx/(∑ Wx*hx)
i. Wx = weight at each floor, hx = height of each floor

Example:
W3 = Floor 3 DL + Floor 3 LL + Floor 2 Cladding = 955k
h3 = 20’
CV3 = 955k*20’/(166830k-ft) = 0.11
F3 = 0.11*191.4k = 21.9k

Solutions for T=0.74 and T=0.6, respectively

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