MECATRONICA

INGLES II

ACTIVITY 1

Lic. David Concepción

JOEL EDUARDO BALLEZA HERNANDEZ
9°C

January 28, 2022

 INDICE

INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………… 1

DEVELOPING ………………………………………………….………………….… 2

CONCLUSIÓN ………………………………………………………………………… 3

BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES …………………………………………………… 4

 INTRODUCTION

Three-quarters of the planet is covered in salt water; only 2.5% is fresh water. Of
the total fresh water in the world, 69% is found in the poles and summits of the
highest mountains, it is in a solid state of water, that is why it is highly valued and
considered invaluable. Its care and efficient use is of vital importance. One of the
sources of fresh water are the snow-capped mountains, which as a result of global
warming, have made the deglaciation process irreversible. The population of the
city and districts began to grow, originating the lack of supply, control and
restriction of the drinking water service.
Modern digital control systems have high-tech instrumentation that allows physical-
chemical measurement, guaranteeing the high quality of produced drinking water
and system efficiency, in addition to an autonomous system.
A control system has sensors, motors, actuators among other great variety of
elements which make up the automated control system, since the system is
autonomous we must consider all aspects such as the PLC controller which must
be programmed and configured correctly since It is a sophisticated equipment,
which must know the correct operation and specifications of the equipment for
correct installation and use, since it is the master or the main control where it has
all the electrical connections of the sensors, variators, etc., it is in charge of the
data processing as well as the functions that must be performed, the controller is
responsible for receiving the data from the sensors and processing them in real
time to perform functions in addition to transmitting to screens or computers so that
the operator can observe the data of the magnitudes physical and the current
process that is being carried out, is also responsible for controlling the actuators as
it is the electric motor to adapt it to the needs of the process, such as the voltage
supply, motor configurations, speeds, frequency, operating time as well as the
direction of rotation of the motor shaft.
 DEVELOPING

In the purifying company, it has been dedicated to installing water purification

facilities in different parts of the city, but its processes are inadequate. It lacks
greater quality control and its processes are becoming more and more obsolete,
for today since it has precision technology, so it has been decided to implement
water purification equipment with digital systems since the filtering system It is
more efficient and is becoming obsolete, so digital control equipment will be
implemented with process improvements and greater quality control with digital
control systems.
Due to the high daily demand for water, a conflict of scarcity is generated in the
cities, which generates problems for citizens, the high consumption of water has
given estimates from the National Population Council (CONAPO), between 2012
and 2030 the country's population will increase by 20.4 million people.
Furthermore, by 2030, approximately 75 percent of the population will be in urban
locations. The increase in population will cause the reduction of renewable water
per capita at the national level.
Reverse Osmosis is the phenomenon that consists of the reciprocal passage of
liquids of different densities through membranes for filtering, this is a process in
which both dissolved organics and salts are removed. The reverse osmosis
membrane has a "microporous" area that rejects impurities and does not prevent
the passage of water. The membrane rejects bacteria, pyrogens, and 85%-95%
inorganic solids. "Polyvalent" ions are more easily rejected than "monovalent" ions.
Organic solids with a molecular weight greater than 300 are rejected by the
membrane, but gases do pass through it. Reverse osmosis is a percentage
rejection technology. The purity of the water produced depends on the use that the
human being gave it, for example, if it was used with detergents, hand soap, water
collected from the rain, it is water which is still reversible through reverse osmosis,
but in another case, it is used for industrial processes which involves chemicals
thus damaging its properties which makes its recovery impossible.
 CONCLUSIÓN

In the investigations carried out, important data was obtained regarding the
implementation of digital systems in the processes of water purification through
reverse osmosis, as well as the operation and applications in the market, either
industrial or domestic level. Among the most relevant applications, they were
found, the treatment of water for systems with boiler feed or steam systems, which
is the primary market in the project; pharmaceutical and food industries,
desalination of seawater, ultra-pure water for laboratories and many others, these
last applications being secondary and complementary markets of the project.
And it was possible to infer that the automation and total visualization of the
general process, are the most important when developing the project, when
developing the different design alternatives, factors such as the robustness of the
control equipment, the graphical visualization in real time of the process. and the
appropriate electronic measurement instrumentation, were decisive for the
selection of an appropriate concept.
Through the developed interface, the operation and requirements of the plant were
achieved, communicate and demonstrate a physical appearance very close to
reality, combine the subsystems that make up the total system, whether stages or
control subsystems, to see the interaction of the water purification process
approaching the design and operation or objectives in reality
 BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES

(s.f.). Obtenido de https://www.academia.edu/23644562/BOMBA_CENTR

%C3%8DFUGA
(OMS), O. M. (2010).
airmar technology. (junio de 2018). Obtenido de airmar technology:
http://www.airmartechnology.com/uploads/AirPDF/Aplicaci
%C3%B3n_Spanish.pdf
Arilla, S. (2008). Desalación de aguas salobres mediante el metodo de osmosis
inversa. EUETIP.
Bolton, W. (2013). Mecatrónica. Sistemas de control electronico en ingenieria
mecánica y eléctrica. En W. Bolton, Mecatrónica. Sistemas de control
electronico en ingenieria mecánica y eléctrica (págs. 467-492). Mexico:
Alfaomega.
Burgos, J. (2015). Guia de tratamiento en membrana PDF . Obtenido de Guia de
tratamiento en membrana PDF :
http://www.arc.cat/es/altres/purins/guia/pdf/ficha10.pdf