Digital Communication Lab

Laboratory report submitted for the partial fulfillment

of the requirements for the degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
Electronics and Communication Engineering

by

Anuj Gupta - 20UEC153

Course Coordinator
Dr. Soumitra Debnath

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur

October 2022
Copyright © The LNMIIT 2021
All Rights Reserved
 Contents

Chapter Page

1 Experiment - 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Aim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Apparatus Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3.1 FSK Modulator circuit and Block diagram of FSK Demodulation . . . . . . . 2
1.3.2 Band Pass Filter Circuit and Designing Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.3 Envelope Detector Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4.1 FSK Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4.2 FSK Demodulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.5 Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.6 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.7 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.8 Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

iii
 Chapter 1

Experiment - 5

1.1 Aim
1. Implementation of FSK Modulation.
2. Non-Coherent Demodulation of modulated FSK.

1.2 Apparatus Required

1. IC: LM741 (Op - Amp)
2. LM393 (Voltage Comparator)
3. 1N4007 (Diode)
4. Capacitors
5.ICs: XR-2206 (Monolithic Function Generator)
6. Potentiometer
7. Breadboard
8. DC Power Supply
9. Connecting Wires
10. Digital Storage Oscilloscope
11. Function Generator
12. DSO Probes

1
1.3 Theory
1.3.1 FSK Modulator circuit and Block diagram of FSK Demodulation

Figure 1.1 FSK Modulator circuit

Figure 1.2 Block Diagram of FSK Demodulation

2
1.3.2 Band Pass Filter Circuit and Designing Equations

Figure 1.3 Band Pass Filter

Figure 1.4 BPF Designing Equations

3
1.3.3 Envelope Detector Circuit

Figure 1.5 Envelope Detector Circuit

1.4 Procedure
1.4.1 FSK Modulation
1. Connect the FSK Modulator circuit shown in Figure 1 and Give Square wave signal of 200 Hz
and 2.5 Vpp as input.
2. As the formula given in the data sheet calculate R1 and R2 with the given carrier signals frequencies,
f1 = 2 KHz and f2 =5.2 KHz.
3. Observe the time and frequency domain wave forms of FSK modulator output. Draw the output and
analyze it in both domains.

1.4.2 FSK Demodulation

1. Design the Band pass filter for different carrier frequencies and envelope detector circuit. Connect
as shown in Figure 2.
2. Give a FSK Modulated signal as input.
3. Observe FSK Demodulated output and draw it in your copy, compare it with message signal.

4
1.5 Calculation

Figure 1.6 Calculation for Band Pass Filter 1 and Band Pass Filter 2

5
Figure 1.7 Calculation for Envelope Detector 1 and Envelope Detector 2

6
1.6 Results

Figure 1.8 FSK output and the message signal

7
Figure 1.9 FSK output and the FSK output with the cursor showing the two frequencies f1 and f2

8
Figure 1.10 Band-pass filter output for frequencies f1 and f2

9
Figure 1.11 Envelope detector output for frequencies f1 and f2

10
1.7 Conclusions
The FSK modulated signal, the output of the envelope detector for both frequencies, the output of
the band-pass filter for both frequencies, and finally the recovered signal—which was the same as the
input message signal—were all obtained.

1.8 Precautions
1. Check the connections before switching on the kit.
2. Connections should be done properly and tight.
3. Observation should be taken properly.

11