Study Guide and Practice Question

A strong psychosocial approach to mental disorders whose basic tenets included

treating institutionalized patients as normally as possible in a setting that encouraged
and reinforced normal interaction?

a) Moral therapy

b) Asylum reform

c) Mental hygiene movement

d) Person-centered therapy

The Psychological Tradition

 The Rise of Moral Therapy

 Involved more humane treatment of institutionalized patients
 Encourage and reinforced social interaction
 Proponents of Moral Therapy
 Dorothea Dix
 Philippe Pinel and Jean-Baptiste Pussin
 William Tuke followed Pinel’s lead in England
 Reasons for the Falling Out of Moral Therapy
 Emergence of Competing Alternative Psychological Model

Moral Therapy
 During the first half of the 19th century, a strong psychosocial approach to
mental disorders called moral therapy became influential
 The term moral actually referred more to emotional or psychological factors
rather than to a code of conduct
  Its basic tenets included treating institutionalized patients as normally
possible in a setting that encouraged and reinforced normal social
interaction
 Relationships were carefully nurtured.

Asylum Reform

 Asylums had appeared in the 16th century, but they were more like prisons than
hospitals. It was the rise of moral therapy in Europe and the United States that
made asylums habitable and even therapeutic

Mental Hygiene Movement

 The great crusader Dorothea Dix campaigned endlessly for reform in the
treatment of insanity
 Mid-19th-century effort to improve care of the mentally disordered by informing
the public of their mistreatment
 Her work became known as the mental hygiene movement

Person-centered Therapy

 Carl Rogers (1902–1987) person-centered therapy

 In this approach, the therapist takes a passive role, making as few interpretations
as possible
 Humanist theorists have great faith in the ability of human relations to foster this
growth
 Unconditional positive regard, empathy, congruence

A strong psychosocial approach to mental disorders whose basic tenets included

treating institutionalized patients as normally as possible in a setting that encouraged
and reinforced normal interaction.

a) Moral therapy
b) Asylum reform

c) Mental hygiene movement

d) Person-centered therapy