A PAPER

“PART OF SPEECH VERB”

Arrange by:

1. Chavanisse Khansa Panutomo (2213042054)

2. Elsha Sherliachristi Mbanimara (2213042010)
3. Tria Lestari (2213042082)
4. Sabrina Tiara Fasabilla (2213042068)
5. M. Kenzo Aldrano (2213042044)
6. M. Mahdi Al- Ayubi (2213042084)

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG
2022/2023
 A. THE DEFINITON OF VERB

A verb is a word or a combination of words that indicates action or a state of being or condition.
A verb is the part of a sentence that tells us what the subject performs. Verbs are the hearts of
English sentences, therefore the verb is the most important type of word in a sentence. Even in
spoken language, only with verbs can we express an idea that can be understood by others.

Verbs also show:

 the tense (time period) of a sentence

 agreement with the subject of a sentence
 a noun’s state of being
 more information about a noun

A printable chart of the nine types of verbs can help you keep them and their functions
straight.

B. KINDS OF VERB

1. Main Verb

Main verb is the main verb in a sentence. It is called the main verb because there
is another verb in the sentence. So when a sentence has more than one verb, there will
be one main verb while the others are auxiliary verbs. The Main verb is the form of a
verb where it has no ending (-ing, -ed, -en) added to it. It is also called the Root Verb
since it is the very root form of a verb.

2. Linking Verb
 A linking verb adds details about the subject of a sentence. In its simplest form, it
connects the subject and the complement that is, the words that follow the linking
verb. It creates a link between them instead of showing action. Generally, linking
verbs are called ‘be’ verbs which are - am, is, are, was, were. However, there are some
other verbs that can work as linking verbs. Those verbs are:

Act, feel, remain, appear, become, seem, smell, sound, grow, look, prove, stay, taste,
turn.

Some verbs in this list can also be action verbs. To figure out if they are linking verbs,
you should try replacing them with forms of the be verbs. If the changed sentence
makes sense, that verb is a linking verb.

3. Auxiliary Verb
Auxiliary verbs are also called helping verbs. An auxiliary verb extends the main
verb by helping to show time, tense, and possibility. The auxiliary verbs are – be
verbs, have, and do. They are used in the continuous (progressive) and perfect tenses.
These auxiliary verbs can be divided into

 primary auxiliary verb (be, do, have)

 modal auxiliary verb (can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must)
 modal phrasal (be able to, be going to, ought to, used to, etc)

4. Modal Verb
A modal verb is a kind of auxiliary verb. It assists the main verb to indicate
possibility, potentiality, ability, permission, expectation, and obligation. They’re used
alongside a main verb to change its meaning slightly. Modal verb, a verb that is in the
form of a modal so it must follow the following:
  Modal cannot stand alone as main verb. It only function as an auxiliary verb.
Therefore, the model must be followed by the main verb in the bare (Vbi) or original
form.
 Modal cannot be followed or preceded to infinitive

5. Transitive Verb

A transitive verb is a type of verb that needs an object to make complete sense of

the action being performed by the subject. There is one easy way to identify whether
a verb is transitive or not. The thing that needs to be done is to find out in advance
whether the verb has an object or not, Transitive verbs include: Drink, watch, read,
fill, open, close, etc.
But there are some transitive verbs that have two objects (double object). One is
generally the name of a particular object, while the other is a specific person or
animal. The object mentioned is called the Direct Object and the person or animal
mentioned is called the Indirect Object.

6. Intransitive Verb
Are verbs that do not require objects, because it can be understood perfectly
meaning of the sentence. Instead, usually intransitive verbs require an adverb. Verbs
including Intransitive verbs among others are: Shine, come, sit, boil, sleep, fall, cry,
etc.

7. Finite Verb
Finite verbs are a form of verb that contains tenses: present or past, influenced by
agreement with the subject, also influenced by number or number (singular/plural).

8. Non finite Verb

 Non-finite verbs are the opposite of Finite verbs, which is a form of verb that does
not contain tenses: present or past. Non-finite verbs cannot stand alone like finite
verbs, therefore non-finite verbs can be changed into verbs in the form of participles,
gerunds, infinitives (to and bare).

9. Regular Verb

REGULAR VERBS, as the name suggests, are regular or regular verbs. These
verbs are easy to predict and the simple past and past participles just need to end in -
ed in the infinitive to form the regular verb.

 If the verb ends in -e, just add -d.

 If the verb ends in -y, then remove -y and replace it with -ied.
 If the verb ends in a vowel and a consonant, the consonant is doubled and added
with –ed.

Here are some examples of regular verbs:

Verb 1 Verb 2 Verb 3

Ask Asked Asked

Ban Banned Banned

Call Called Called

Listen Listened Listened

Earn Earned Earned

10. Irregular Verb

 IRREGULAR VERBS are the opposite of regular verbs, which are irregular
verbs. Its characteristics are that it is not predictable and does not end in -ed after the
infinitive. The simple past and past participle forms must be studied and memorized
in order to be able to use them freely in various English sentence structures.

Here are some examples of regular verbs:

Verb 1 Verb 2 Verb 3

Cut Cut Cut

Go Went Gone

Eat Ate Eaten

Buy Bought Bought

C. How To Use

1) Verb I (Present)

The first form of the verb is called Verb 1 (V1) or present. This verb is the original form
of the verb (infinitive) which is usually used in simple present tense sentences. This verb
form is the same as the original verb form, but always ends in -s, -es, -ies for the third
person singular subject (he, she, it) in the simple present tense.

2) Verb II (Past)

The second form of the verb is called Verb 2 (V2) or past. This verb is usually used in
simple past tense sentences. When do you use the 2nd verb? When an action or action
taken is past or past. This is indicated by the existence of time information such as: last
night, yesterday, three years ago, and so on. Usually the second verb is added -d or -ed
from the first verb, but it can also change the form of a different letter. Therefore, the
 second verb can be said to be two. Words that only add -d or -ed are called regular verbs.
While the change of letters in the verb is called an irregular verb.

3) Verb III (Past Participle)

Actually, the second and third verbs can be said to be similar. In fact, many verbs have
the exact same word with both forms. The third form of the verb is used for the perfect
tense and passive voice sentences. Similar to verb II, verb III is also divided into regular
verbs and irregular verbs. Come on, check the example below

4) Verb -ing In the use of verbs ending in -ing, the grammar used is the continuous tense
alias that is currently ongoing. In its use, this verb form is preceded by the auxiliary verb
be (is, am, are, was, were).

5) Modal verbs Also known as helping verbs, Modal verbs are words that are used before
action or auxiliary verbs to clarify or provide additional information about a possibility or
adverb of time.

6) Auxiliary verbs Also known as linking verbs, these words are used to connect a subject
with a noun or adjective that describes the subject.

D. Example

1. Main Verb

Example:
 I go to school everyday.
 You run a mile every morning.
2. Linking Verb
 Example:

 She appears ready for the game.

 The food seemed delicious.

 You look happy.

3. Auxiliary Verb

Example:
 I do finish my homework.
 Don’t play with the scissor! It can hurt you.
 May I go to the store?

4. Modal Verb

 Modal cannot stand alone as main verb. It only function as an auxiliary verb. Therefore,
the model must be followed by the main verb in the bare (Vbi) or original form.

Example:

 She can make you happy

 Modal cannot be followed or preceded to infinitive

Example:

 I will fly to the sky

5. Transitive Verb

In general, transitive verbs only have one object. The object can be:
1. Noun (noun)
Example: I have bought a car.
2. Pronoun (pronoun)
Example: I will see it.
 3. Infinitives (basic verbs)
Example: I want to swim.
4. Gerund (verb)
Example: He likes climbing.
5. Phrases (phrases)
Example: They don't know how to make it go.

6. Intransitive Verb
Example:

 She sits calmly

 He stands in front of the door

7. Finite Verb
Example:

 She goes to school.

→ the word goes is a finite verb because it is used in the present tense and is
tied to the subject she.

8. Non Finite Verb

Example:

 She asked me to send this letter.

→ the word to send is a non-finite verb because it is not bound by tenses, it

also has an additional particle to which is a form of to infinitive

9. Regular Verb

Example:
 you have to listen to me!
 I  have listened to that song many times
10. Irregular Verb

Example:

 They eat rice every day

 She ate a bowl of chicken soup
 Have you eaten before?