Neutrons, Protons, Electrons:-

in the atom there are 3 main particles

electron, neutron and proton

the atomic mass is the number of protons and neutrons

in the atom

if you want to find proton number from atomic mass

you need to subtract the neutron number

for example helium has 1-2 neutrons and has a atomic mass of 3-4

if you want to find proton number

just subtract 3-4 - 1-2

and you will get the neutron number

if you want to find neutron just subtract atomic mass and proton

for example

3-2

which is 1

this is the number of neutrons

also remember if maam asks you to find electron

just remember it's usually the same as proton number

HOWEVER

there is a exception in case of ions

which has a positive charge or negative charge

ions are formed when a atom gains or losses a electron

if it losses it usually becomes postivively charge if they gain they become negatively

as protons are postively charged and electrons negatively charged

if you want to find out how many electron it gained or losed

just see the charge

it will be given if it's more then 1 electron losen or gained

from example

Iron +2 means it has lost 2 electrons (edited)