INFORMATION

$3 218.oa-o

Suggested Specification for

Concrete Parking Areas
Preface equipment, and services required to complete all the concrete
This suggested specification is intended to be used as a parking area work shown on the project drawings and
supplement to the general guidance provided in CPCA Pub- specified herein, including all sidewalks, concrete pave-
lication CD002.03P, Concrete Parking Areas, Design and ments, ramps, and curbs.
Construction. It has been developed for use by consultants
in preparing complete contract documents for construction of 4. Materials
concrete parking areas. 4.1 All concrete materials shall conform to the requirements
of CSA Standard A23.1.
1. Definitions
4.2 Expansion-joint material for use in isolation joints,
Approved-Approved or permitted by the architect, en- where required, shall be 12 mm thick preformed expansion
gineer, or other authorized representative of the owner. joint filler conforming to either ASTM D1751 or ASTM
Project drawings-All drawings that accompany this D1752.
specification and complete the description for concrete
paving work. 5. Concrete
2. Reference Publications
5.1 Concrete shall meet the requirements specified in CSA
Standard A23.1.
-.
This Suggested Specification makes reference to the follow-
ing Standards. Where such reference is made, it shall be to 5.2 Concrete shall be ordered in accordance with Alterna-
the edition of the Standard listed below, including subsequent tive 1 of Table 1 1 of CSA Standard A23.1 and, except in areas
revisions or amendments. subject to sulphate attack, it shall be specified as set forth in
(a) to (h), below. In areas subject to sulphate attack, the
CSA Standards cement Type, the minimum specified 28-day compressive
CAN/CSA-A23.1-M90, Concrete Materials and Methods of strength and admixtures to be used shall be as specified in
Concrete Construction CSA Standard A23.1, Clause 15.5, Sulphate Attack.

CAN/CSA-AS-M88, Portland Cement
CAN/CSA-A23.5-M86, Supplementary Cementing Materials
CAN3-A266.1 -M78, Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
a. Cement shall be Normal Portland cement, Type 10, as
specified in CSA Standard A5.
b. Supplementary cementing materials meeting the re-
quirements of CSA Standard A23.5 may be used, when
so approved.

.
CAN3-A266.2-M78, Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
CAN3-A266.6-M85, SuperplasticizingAdmixtures for Concrete
ASTM Standards
ASTM D 1751-83, Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Con-
crete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and
Resilient Bituminous Types)
ASTM D 1752-84, Preformed Sponge Rubber and Cork Ex-
pansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Con-
struc ti on
ASTM C309-8 1 , Liquid Membrane Forming Compounds for
Curing Concrete
3. Scope of Work
The contractor shall furnish all labour, materials, formwork,
C. The concrete shall have a minimum 28-day specified
strength of 32 MPa and a minimum cement content of
335 kg per m3.
d. Concrete shall meet the requirements of Exposure
Class C2, as set forth in CSA Standard A23.1.
e. The largest specified nominal maximum size of coarse
aggregate shall be 28 mm.
f. The slump at the point of discharge shall be 80 mm.
9. The air content shall be 5 to 8 percent.
h. Air-entraining admixtures shall conform to CSA Stand-
ard A266.1. Chemical admixtures shall conform to
CSA Standard A266.2. Superplasticizing admixtures,
if approved, shall conform to CSA Standard A266.6.

Printed in U.S.A.
 6. Subgrade Preparation
6.1 The bottom of the excavation or the top of the fill shall
be known as the pavement subgrade and shall conform to the
lines, grade, and cross sections shown in the project drawings.
All soft and yielding material and portions of the subgrade
that will not compact readily when rolled or tamped shall be
removed and replaced with suitable material.
The subgrade shall be brought to a firm and unyielding
condition by compacting it to uniform density. Soil should
be compacted at or slightly above standard optimum mois-
ture. Subgrade shall be sloped to drains or perimeter area
where surface drainage is required.
All utility trenches and structure excavations shall be back-
filled to natural or finished grade with unshrinkable fill or
native excavated material as soon as conditions permit. All
native excavated backfill shall be compacted with mechanical
tampers in layers not over 150 mm in compacted thickness to
densities similar to that of surrounding soils.
7. Concrete Placement
7.1 Ready mixed concrete hauled in truck mixers or truck
agitators shall be deposited in place within 120 minutes from
the time water is added to the mix.
7.2 Before placing concrete, freestanding water or other
foreign materials shall be removed from subgrade. All forms
shall be thoroughly cleaned, secured in position, and coated
with a form-release agent.
Concrete shall not be placed on a soft, spongy, frozen, or
otherwise unsuitable subgrade. The subgrade shall be moist
when concrete is placed.
7.3 Concrete shall be placed, struck off,and consolidated to
plan grade with a mechanical finishing machine, vibrating
screed, or by hand-finishing methods when approved. In lieu
of fixed forms, the contractor may place concrete with a
slipfcrm paver designed to spread, consolidate, screed, and
float-finish the freshly placed concrete in one complete pass
of the machine. Pavement shall be pitched to area drains or
perimeter areas to remove water.
7.4 Under adverse weather conditions, suitable arrange-
ments shall be made to prevent damage to fresh concrete.
8. Finishing
8.1 After concrete has been struck off and consolidated, a
bullfloat may be used to remove any high or low spots.
Bullfloat use shall be confined to a minimum. A final skid-
resistant finish shall be made with a burlap drag or broom.
9. Curing
9.1 Concrete shall be cured by protecting it from loss of
This publication is based on the facts, tests, and authorities stated herein. It is intended for the use of professional personnel competent to evaluate the significance
and limitationsof the reported findings and who will accept responsibility for the application of the material it contains. The Canadian Portland Cement Association
disclaims any and all responsibility for application of the stated principles or for the accuracy of any of the sources other than work performed or information
developed by the Association.
116 Albert Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1 P 5G3
moisture, rapid temperature change, and mechanical injury
for at least three days after placement. After all free water
has disappeared from the surface, a liquid membrane-forming
compound conforming to ASTM C309 shall be uniformly
sprayed on all exposed surfaces. Rate of application shall be
in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
9.2 When concrete is being placed in cold weather and the
temperature may drop below 5°C within 24 hours after plac-
ing, straw, hay, insulated curing blankets, or other suitable
material shall be provided along the line of work to prevent
freezing of concrete. Concrete injured by frost action shall
be removed and replaced at the contractor’s expense.
9.3 Concrete placed in cool weather shall experience a 30-
day period of air drying, following initial curing, before the
first application of deicing salts.
10. Joints
10.1 Unless shown on the project drawings, a jointing plan
shall be prepared by the contractor and approved before
paving begins.
10.2 Control joints shall be formed by one of the following
methods: sawing, forming by hand, forming by premoulded
filler, or using full-depth construction joints. Joint depth shall
be a minimum of one-fourth the slab thickness. Hand-formed
joints shall have a maximum edge radius of 6 mm. Sawing
of joints shall begin as soon as the concrete has hardened
sufficiently to permit sawing without excessive raveling. All
joints shall be completed before uncontrolled shrinkage
cracking occurs. Joints shall be continuous across the slab,
unless interrupted by full-depth premoulded joint filler.
Joints shall extend completely through the curb. Joint open-
ings wider than 6 mm may be cleaned and sealed with an
approved joint sealant before opening parking area to traffic.
10.3 Isolation joints (expansion joints) shall be used to
isolate fixed objects abutting or within the paved area. They
shall contain premoulded joint filler for the full depth of the
slab.
10.4 When approved, the contractor shall be permitted to
make minor adjustments in joint location to make them
coincide with drainage or other structures.
11. Opening to Traffic
11.l The pavement shall be closed to passenger-car traffic
for at least three full days or until such time that the minimum
compressive strength of the concrete is 22 MPa. Traffic shall
be restricted to passenger cars and light trucks for at least
seven days after concrete is placed. In all cases approval shall
be obtained prior to opening of the pavement to traffic.
IS218.02B
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