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FOREST HILLS ACADEMY OF BAYUGAN CITY, INC.

Magkiangkang, Bayugan City
“The School That Trains Leaders”

COMPUTER SYSTEM
SERVICING - NCII
3rd Quarter

Name of Student :____________________________________Year Level: ______________________

Address :____________________________________________________________________

SALOME MONTEBON SALAZAR

TEACHER

mei.montebon
FACEBOOK ACCOUNT

mei143montebon@gmail.com
GMAIL ACCOUNT

09389148744
CONTACT NUMBER
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hand tools

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this Lesson you are expected to do the
following:

LO 1. Plan and prepare for tasks to beundertaken

LO 2. Use appropriate hand tools and testequipment

LO 3. Maintain Hand tools

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PLAN AND PREPARE FOR TASKS

LO 1
TO BE UNDERTAKEN

LEARNING COMPETENCIES

 Identify tasks to be undertaken properly

 Identify and select appropriate hand tools according to the task requirements

LET’S EXPLORE!
How do you select appropriate hand tools according to task requirements?

____________________________________________________________________________________

Let’s Find Out!!!

Plan for task to be undertaken

Most tools used in the computer assembly process are small hand tools. They are available individually or as part of
a computer repair toolkit. Toolkits range widely in size, quality, and price. Some common hand tools and their uses are: Flat-head
screwdriver: Used to tighten or loosen slotted screws.

Computer Hand Tools

There are times where you may need to take apart your desktop or laptop to fix it and for these times, you will need the right set of
tools. You can build your own computer repair toolkit with these recommended tools to easily perform any hardware
troubleshooting, upgrades, maintenance to your computer.

Computer Screwdrivers

One of the most essential computer hand tools is the screwdriver. If you perform regular repairs and upgrades to your computer,
then you'll need a variety of screwdrivers. The standard #3-size Phillips screwdriver is a must-have for removing normal-size screws
from the back of your computer case. You should also keep a set of smaller screwdrivers that can be used on computer components
like the hard drive, fan and power supply. These screwdrivers are known as precision screwdrivers and can be purchased from any
hardware or electronics store. Make sure that the precision screwdrivers are not magnetic, because magnetic ones can damage
your computer's sensitive components.

Long-Nose Pliers

Long-nose pliers are usually associated with cutting and bending wires, but they're also a surprisingly useful computer hand tool.
You can use long-nose pliers to reach between crammed areas of the computer such as between memory sticks and to carefully
reach cables that you need to adjust within the computer. They also work well for retrieving tiny screws that you've dropped inside
your computer case and can be used to manage your cables outside the computer.

Bottle of Alcohol

Your computer components may get dirty and greasy from time to time, so it's a good idea to have a bottle of isopropyl alcohol on
hand. Alcohol is a liquid, though, so you need to be careful in using it on your computer components. Make sure to use cotton
swabs lightly coated with alcohol to clean components like outside of the processor or a dusty stick of RAM. Allow the components
to thoroughly dry before you power the computer on again.

Other Essential Computer Hand Tools

You should also keep two more essential computer hand tools on hand for maintenance to keep your computer running smoothly.
Compressed air (or canned air) is good for removing dust from compact areas in your computer. Compressed air is a much better
tool for removing dust from a computer than using a cloth of any kind because no static electricity is produced by compressed air.
Another important tool to have is an antistatic wristband. This prevents static electricity from being generated while you perform
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repairs like a hard drive replacement and can save your components from getting electrical damage. You can apply the wristband to
a metal surface like the outside of your computer.

Examples of HandTools:

1. Flat head screwdrivers can be used for a number of different maintenance applications.Flat head screwdriver uses include
loosening or tightening slotted screw fasteners for woodworking or other applications that would not require a power tool.

2. Phillips-head screwdriver is a screwdriver that is designed to be used with a type of screw (called a Phillips-head screw) that
has a slot in its top that looks like a cross. It used to loosen or tighten cross head screws.

3. Torx developed in 1967 by Camcar Textron, is a trademarked type of screw drive characterized by a 6-point star-shaped pattern.
A popular generic name for the drive is star, as in star screwdriver or star bits. It is use to loosen or tighten screws that have a star-
likedepression on the top, a feature that is mainly found on laptop.

4. Hex driver– sometimes called a nut driver, is used to tighten nuts in thesame way that a screwdriver tightens screws.The Hex
Driver, is a one tool solution that provides a perfect fit to the most common sizes of hex key fasteners all without the need to change
bits. Simply push and fasten.

5. Needle-nose plier – used to hold small parts.Needle-nose pliers (also known as pointy-nose pliers, long-nose pliers, pinch-nose
pliers or snipe-nose pliers) are both cutting and holding pliers used by artisans, jewellery designers, electricians, network engineers
and other tradesmen to bend, re-position and snip wire.
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6. Wire cutters are commonly used to cut copper, brass, iron, aluminum, and steel wire. Wire cutter – are used to strip and cut
wires.

7. Tweezers are small tools used for picking up objects too small to be easily handled with the human fingers. The tool is most
likely derived from tongs, pincers, or scissors-like pliers used to grab or hold hot objects since the dawn of recorded history. Tweezers
– are used to manipulate small parts.

8. Part retriever – used to retrieve parts from location that are too small foryour hand to fit.

9. Flashlight – used to light up areas that you cannot see well.

Preparing for the task to be undertaken

1. How do you select the best tool for the job?

First,know and understand in detail the scope of work to beaccomplished;

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Second,plan for the scope taking into account the sequence of tasks.

2. Selecting the best tool for each taskrequires trainingin the proper useof the tools, field experience in their safe use, and following
themanufacturer’s guidance and instructions for that specific tool.What is scope?Scope means aim/target.

What Have You Learned So Far?

Answer the following:

1. How do you select the best tool for the job? ___________________________________________________________

2. Why do you need to select the best tool according to tasks requirements? __________________________________

USE APPROPRIATE HAND TOOLS

LO 2 AND TEST EQUIPMENT

LEARNING COMPETENCIES

 Use tools according to tasks undertaken.

 Observe all safety procedures in using tools at all times and use appropriate PPE

 Report malfunctions, unplanned or unusualevents to the supervisor

LET’S EXPLORE!

What is PPE?

____________________________________________________________________________________

Give 5 examples of PPE.

____________________________________________________________________________________

LET’S FIND OUT!

Use tools according to tasks undertaken

Whenever you perform a task in the workshop, you must use personalprotective clothing and equipment (PPE) that is appropriate
for the task andwhich conforms to your local safetyregulations and policies. Among other items,this may include:

Use of tools and software makesthe job less difficult and ensures that tasksare performed properly and safely.

 ESD TOOLS

- anti-static wrist strap mat

 Hand Tools

- screwdrivers, needle,nose plier

 Cleaning Tools

- Soft cloth, compressed air can

 Diagnostic tools

- digital multi-meter, loop back adapter

Safety check 
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- Do not use flammable cleaners or water on electrical equipment.

-Make sure designated walkways are kept clear of any obstructions.

-Always wear protective clothing and the appropriate safetyequipment.

-Make sure that you understand and o#serve all legislative andpersonal safety procedures when carrying out the following tasks.

Proper Use of Anti-static Wrist Strap can prevent ESD damage computer components.

 Connect the cable to the metal chassis of the computer

 Wrap the strap around your wrist

 The connection will keep your body at the same voltage (potential) as the computer.

 Attach a wire on the same side of the equipment as the arm wearing the anti-static wrist strap to keep the wire out of the way
while you are working.

What is PPE?

PPE can include items such as safety helmets, gloves, eye protection, hazmat suits, high-visibility clothing, safety footwear,
safety harnesses, ear plugs, ear defenders and respiratory protective equipment (RPE). In appropriate situations disposable PPE
may be provided; eg single-use coveralls. Employers have duties concerning the provision and use of personal protective equipment
at work.

PPE does not include:

 Ordinary working clothes or uniforms not designed to provide for the health or safety of workers;

 Clothing provided for food hygiene purposes;

 Equipment used for protection while travelling on a public road (ie motorcycle or bicycle helmets);

 Equipment used during competitive sport competitions (but other protective equipment used by sports instructors would be
included e.g: life jacket worn by canoe instructor);

 An offensive weapon used as self-defence or as deterrent equipment. For example, truncheons or CS gas canisters as used by
the police or military (but helmets, body armor and other PPE used to protect staff from physical violence, is included);

 Portable devices for detecting and signaling risks and nuisances, such as badges for detecting radiation, or personal gas
detectors.

Why is PPE important?

In the hierarchy of risk control, PPE is considered to rank lowest and represent the option of last resort. It is only appropriate where
the hazard in question cannot be totally removed or controlled in such a way that harm is unlikely (for example by isolating the
hazard or reducing the risk at source to an acceptable level).

There are a number of reasons for this approach:

 PPE protects only the person using it, whereas measures controlling the risk at source can protect everyone at the workplace;

 Theoretical maximum levels of protection are seldom achieved using PPE, and the real level of protection is difficult to assess
(due to factors such as poor fit, or failure to wear it when required). Effective protection can only be achieved by equipment
which is correctly fitted, maintained and properly used at all times;

 PPE may restrict the wearer by limiting mobility, visibility or by requiring additional weight to be carried.

 Use of PPE may alter employees’ perception of the hazards they are dealing with.

In this context of a last resort control measure, PPE is critically important as it is generally only used where other measures are
insufficient and as such it plays a crucial role in preventing and reducing many occupational fatalities, injuries and diseases.

Common Malfunction in Hand Tools, Equipment and Paraphernalia

The proper use of tools, equipment and paraphernalia will greatly increase efficiency and occupational safety in a workplace. Having
the proper knowledge and skills in using such tools is needed in order to operate and use them effectively. But more often than not,
problems and malfunctions may arise while using these tools. These malfunctions can be minimized by exercising careful usage of
the tools.
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Malfunctions and other unplanned and unusual event may not be totally eliminated, but it can surely be minimized.

Listed below are some of the malfunctions and unplanned events when using the different tools in completing a job requirement:

 When using a driving tool, screws may slip the tip of the screw driver. This happens when the screw driver is not properly
aligned with drive of the screw’s head. This can be minimized by making sure that the tip of the screw driver is well secured in
the drive of the screw’s head. Using a screw driver with a magnetized tip can also help minimize this type of malfunction.

 Small objects tend to fall down when being held by a gripping tool like pliers. This usually happens when the jaws of the pliers
are blunt, thus making it hard to hold on things. This can be prevented by making sure that gripping tools have well maintained
jaws that can grasp objects properly.

Listed below are some of the malfunctions and unplanned events when using the different tools in completing a job requirement
(continued):

 The use of striking tools also imposes a great threat if there will be a malfunction. Common hazards are heads separating away
from the handle. This could cause severe injuries to anyone. To avoid this type of accident, the handle of a striking tool must be
tightly attached to its head.

 Mishaps in using cutting tools is also dangerous. Malfunctions may arise from slippage of the material to be cut. This may also
happen if a cutting tool is not sharp enough. These unplanned events will cause laceration and wounds to the user. To avoid
this, cutting tools must always be kept sharp.

 Power tools also impose danger during mishaps. Common problems are electrical short circuiting or mechanical problems.
Malfunctioning power tools may cause electrocution and even decapitation of the limbs. These accidents can be avoided by
making sure that all power tools are well maintained and are in fit operating condition.

 Diagnostic tools may not impose a threat to the well-being of a worker but inaccurate reading may compromise the
completion of a job requirement. Inaccurate reading may occur if a diagnostic tool is not properly calibrated. To avoid this, a
regular calibration to all diagnostic tools must be done.

REMEMBER:

 There is certainly no absolute way to avoid any unforeseen malfunctions.

 The only way to minimize them is to have the appropriate knowledge in using the different tools.

 Proper inspection and assessment of tools must also be practiced to ensure the safety of the worker and the accurate
completion of a job requirement.

 Having a first aid kit in the work area is also necessary so that quick response and cure can be applied in case of any injuries.

Incident reports should be submitted to the manager/supervisor, except where there is valid reason (for example, if the
manager/supervisor is absent or subject an allegation within the report). Where there is a valid reason for directing an incident
report to a recipient other than the manager/supervisor, the reporter should seek advice from their Health and Safety Business
Partner to establish an appropriate recipient.

On receiving the incident report, the manager/supervisor should, as soon as reasonably practicable, identify and record:

 immediate actions taken to assist any persons injured during the incident;

 immediate actions taken to prevent re-occurrence of the incident;

 resultant risk rating (including likelihood and consequence) of the incident;

 where an on-site incident investigation is required that it is completed;

 if applicable, the members of the incident investigation team;

 planned actions to prevent re-occurrence of the incident; and

 due date for completion of planned corrective actions.

The manager/supervisor should notify an Injury Management case manager if any University employee injured because of the
incident took time off work.

Employees who do not report a work-related injury or illness within 30 days of becoming aware of it may risk any entitlement they
must make a worker’s compensation claim.

Hazard reporting
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Employees, students, contractors and others should report and record hazards to their manager/supervisor or the
manager/supervisor (or other appropriate person) of the work area as soon as reasonably practicable.

There are various avenues for reporting specific hazards. These are supported by processes relevant to the hazard types. These
include:

 electronic incident and hazard reporting system (Enterprise Risk Management System);

 facilities services, work orders, maintenance requests;

 security control room;

 workplace inspection process;

 line manager, human resources manager or inappropriate workplace behaviour line for workplace behaviour hazards
(employee behaviour); and

 safer community program (student behaviour)

In the event where the ERMS is unavailable, the hazard can be reported via theHazard report form. It can then be entered into
ERMS as soon as reasonably practicable.

The manager/supervisor is responsible for ensuring that health and safety risk associated with the identified hazards are
appropriately assessed and eliminated or control, so far as is reasonably practicable.

What Have You Learned So Far?

Answer the following: (5 pts. each)

1. How important is PPE? ______________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

2. How can malfunction and unplanned of unusual event be minimized? ________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Where did you report if hazard occur in the workplace? ___________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS

LO 3

LEARNING COMPETENCIES

 Do not drop tools to avoid damage; carry outroutine maintenance of tools according to
standard operational procedures, principles, andtechniques

 Store tools safely in appropriate locations inaccordance with manufacturer’s specifications or

standard operating procedures

LET’S EXPLORE!
PRETEST LO 3
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What is Standard Operating Procedures? __________________________________________________________

LET’S FIND OUT!

Basic Safety Rules for Hand Tools (originally from www.teched101.com)Lowell Corporation

 Basic Safety Rules for Hand Tools

 ALWAYS WEAR EYE PROTECTION.

 Wear the RIGHT SAFETY EQUIPMENT for the job.
 Use tools that are the RIGHT SIZE & RIGHT TYPE for your job.
 Follow the correct procedure for using EVERY tool.
 Keep your cutting tools SHARP and in good condition.
 DON’T work with OILY or GREASY hands.
 Handle SHARP-EDGED and POINTED TOOLS with care.
 Always carry pointed tools by your side with the points and heavy ends DOWN.
 SECURE all small work & short work with a vise or clamp.
 NEVER carry tools in your pockets.
 DON’T use tools which are LOOSE or CRACKED.
 KEEP your punches & chisels in good condition. Mushroomed heads can chip & cause injuries.
 DON’T use a file without a HANDLE.
 DON’T pry or hammer with a FILE. It may shatter.
 DON’T use screwdrivers as chisels or pry bars.
 DON’T try to increase your leverage by using a “cheater” with a wrench. Wrenches are designed at the right strength for
their size and length.
 AFTER USING A TOOL — clean it and return it to its proper storage place.
 If anything breaks or malfunctions — report it to your supervisor AT ONCE.
 Use the RIGHT TYPE of tool for the job.
 NEVER place tools and materials where they hang on the edge of a bench.
 Don’t use tools for things they weren’t meant for.
 Store tools and materials vertically, with the points and heavy end down.
 Cut away from yourself when you use chisels and other edged tools.
 DON’T FORCE screws; make sure that the correct screw for the job is being used.

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES

Standards are sets of rules that outline specification of dimensions, design of operation, materials and performance, or describe
quality of materials, products or systems. These standards should cover the performance expectations of the product for particular
applications. The intent of standards is to provide at least minimum quality, safety or performance specifications so as to ensure
relatively uniform products and performance, and to remove ambiguity as to the suitability of certain commercial products for
particular applications.

Following standards may reduce the risk of error in working. Specific quality standards for:

1. Hardware The durability of the work depends on the quality of its component parts and the assembly skills of those who install it.
If the best-quality products or hardware are used but are installed incorrectly, the system will be a failure. The application of
suitable hardware and products must be supported by adequate levels of training of person who use them so that they can identify
and use only appropriate products. In judging a product or hardware, the person must consider factors such as the following: 

 Is the product or hardware under consideration suitable for the application or purpose? 

 Will it be harmful to the health of the community in its normal use? 

 Is there a risk of this hardware being released into the environment (e.g. the water) in the first instance or after the working
life of the product or hardware has expired?

2. Production Process - In production process, checking of quality assurance must be highly considered. Quality assurance covers all
activities from design, development, production, installation, servicing and documentation. This introduced the rules: "fit for
purpose" and "do it right the first time". It includes the regulation of the quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and
components; services related to production; and management, production, and inspection processes.

A. FAILURE TESTING

A valuable process to perform on a whole consumer product is failure testing, the operation of a product until it fails, often under
stresses such as increasing vibration, temperature and humidity. This exposes many unanticipated weaknesses in a product, and the
data is used to drive engineering and manufacturing process improvements.
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SUMMARY

Computers are a necessity everywhere; from homes to offices, schools, colleges, hospitals, banks, railway stations, etc, computers
have become an indispensable part of all spheres of our lives. There are a plethora of hand tools available in the market and online
today. Hand tools enable you to perform manual jobs quickly and efficiently. Choosing the right set of hand tools for your
computer repair kit is crucial to getting you through a large number of hardware malfunctions very easily and swiftly.

Top 7 Best Hand Tools for Your Computer Hardware Repair Kit

Find below the seven must-haves that we’ve picked from a diverse number of hand tools available online for your computer
hardware kit.

1. Flat-Tip Screwdrivers

Flat-tip screwdrivers are flat-headed and used to turn slotted screws. Buy the Taparia Flat Tip  Screwdriver or the JK Files Flat Tip
Screw Driver.

2. Philips-Head Screwdrivers

Philips-head screwdrivers are the ones that are used to tighten or loosen screws that are cross-headed.

3. Torx Screwdrivers and Nut Drivers

Torx Screwdrivers are used to fasten or loosen screws that have star-shaped depression; these screwdriver tips have a firmer grip
and do not slip out that easily whilst fastening. Of late, Torx screwdrivers are used to tighten or unscrew almost all laptop fittings.

Nut drivers, which are similar in appearance to a screwdriver, are an essential part of the computer repair toolkit. They are used to
fasten bolts and nuts of varied dimensions. They possess a hollow shaft that empowers them with a stronghold of the threaded nut.

You could use the Focus Nut Driver or the Wera Werk Nut Driver to fasten or loosen your nuts and bolts quickly. You could also
make use of the JE tech Toll Nut Driver which comes with a soft grip to tighten your nuts.

4. Wire Cutters

Wire cutters are helpful in stripping and cutting wires as per one’s need. Grab the Ambika Heavy Duty Wire Rope Cutter to snip
your wires.

5. Needle-Nose Pliers

Needle-nose pliers provide cutting and holding functionalist to the user. They are useful especially in hardware and electronics
repair; because of their pointed needle-like tip, they come in handy if a nut or an element has become stuck in an otherwise
unreachable cranny of the motherboard.

6. Wire Strippers

Wire Strippers are pliers that help in stripping the wire off its insulation. A wire is generally coated with a covering of insulating
material. If the situation demands, the wire has to be stripped-off of all its insulating covering to use it, say as a connector or a cable.
A wire stripper consists of a pair of blades that function as a pair of scissors does.

7. Crimpers

Crimping tools or crimpers are used to connect wires in such a manner that they are able to transmit data. Two wires are joined
together with the help of a crimping tool by deforming either one or both of the wires. Every single one of the wires to be conjoined
is first placed in the connector jack and then squeezed and held together to form a uniformly conducting wire.

Common Faults in Using Hand Tools

Pliers

Ø Do not increase the handle length of pliers to gain more leverage. Use a larger pair of pliers or bolt cutters if necessary.

Ø Do not substitute pliers for a wrench when turning bolts and nuts. Pliers cannot grip these items properly and might cause a slip
and create an accident.

Ø Never use pliers as a hammer on the handle. Such abuse is likely to result in cracks or breaks.

Ø Cut hardened wires only with pliers designed for that purpose.

Ø Always cut the wires in right angle. Never rock from side to side or bend wire back and forth against the cutting edges.

Screwdrivers:
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Ø Never use screwdrivers as a pry bar, chisel, and punch stirrer or scraper.

Ø Never use screwdrivers with broken or worn-out handles. Screwdrivers of these kinds should have tags to indicate that it is
defective.

Ø Never use pliers on a screwdriver for extra leverage. Only use wrench or screwdrivers specifically designed for purpose.
 
Utility Knives/ Blades:

Ø Do not use dull blades because they require more force, thus are more likely to slip. Replace the blade when it starts to “tear”
instead of cut.

Ø Never leave a knife unattended with the blade exposed.

Ø Don’t bend or apply side loads to blades by using them to open cans or loosen tight cover of containers. Blades are brittle and can
snap easily.

USING TOOLS BASED ON THEIR FUNCTIONS AND OPERATION

Whenever you perform a task in the workshop you must use personal protective clothing and equipment (PPE) that are appropriate
for the task and which conforms with your local safety regulations and policies. Your skill in using tools and equipment will make
your work less difficult and ensure that tasks are performed properly and safely

Ø Hand Tools o screwdrivers, needle-nose pliers

ØDiagnostic Tools o Analog or digital Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter, power supply

Safety check

Ø Do not use flammable cleaners or water on electrical equipment.

Ø Make sure designated walkways are kept clear of any obstructions.

Ø Always wear protective clothing and use the appropriate safety equipment.

Ø Make sure that you understand and observe all legislative and personal safety procedures when carrying out the following tasks.

Proper Use of Hand Tools

Ø Use the proper type and size of screwdriver by matching it to the screw.

Ø Phillips and Flat Head are the most common types. Ø Do not over tighten screws because the threads may become stripped.

What Have You Learned So Far?

Self-check 3.1

Answer the following:

1. In your own words, what is SOP?

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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What are the standards that should be followed to reduce the risk of errors in working?

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

3. Explain at least four common faults in using hand tools. ____________________________________________________

Extend Your
Knowledge

Do this Activity. ( 20 points )

Imagine that you are a computer technician of a certain company. Your job is to repair all the computers using hand
tools. Thus, you need to select the best hand tools to reduce the risk of errors while working. To make it, you need to
draw at least 7 hand tools and label it. Your drawing should be neat and clear.

Congratulations! You did a great job! Rest and relax for a while then
move on to the next lesson.

God bless!!!

REFERENCES
 https://www.google.com/search?q=maintain+hand+tools&oq=MAINTAIN+HAND+TOOLS
 https://www.industrybuying.com/articles/7-must-have-hand-tools-for-your-computer-hardware-repair-kit/
 https://gltnhs-tle.weebly.com/lesson-16.html
 https://www.google.com/search?q=%EF
%81%ACStore+tools+safely+in+appropriate+locations+in+accordance+with+manufacturer
%E2%80%99s+specifications+or+standard+operating+procedures&oq