Welcome to

EL203-Embedded Hardware Design!

Credit Structure (L-T-P-Cr): 3-0-2-4

Semester: Winter 2023

Instructor: Tapas Kumar Maiti (Sec-A)

Instructor: Yash Agrawal (Sec-B)

Mode of Delivery:
Both Lecture and Lab will be delivered in CEP110/102
Course materials will be available in Google-Class room

Lecture-Time in each week:

• Tuesday: 9:00~9:50 (Sec-B); 11:00~11:50 (Sec-A)
• Wednesday: 8:00~8:50 (Sec-A);
• Thursday: 10:00~10:50 (Sec-B);
• Friday: 8:00~8:50 (Sec-B); 11:00~11:50 (Sec-A)

Lab-Time in each week:

Wednesday/Thursday/Friday: 14:00~16:00
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 Evaluation Scheme
• First In-Sem Exam: 20%
• Second In-Sem Exam: 20%
• End-Sem Exam: 30%
• Labs: 30%

80% attendance policy is in effect

from this semester
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 Course Contents
1. Introduction (TKM)
2. Custom Single-Purpose Processors (YA)
3. Microcontroller Based on Cortex-M Class
Processors (TKM)
4. Real-Time Interfacing (TKM)
5. Implementation of Embedded Systems (TKM)
6. Memory (YA)
7. IC Technology (YA)
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 Suggested Textbook/References:
Text Book:
• Frank Vahid and Tony Givargis, Embedded System Design: A Unified Hardware/Software
Introduction, Wiley, Student edition, 2006.

Reference Book:
• Sarah Harris and David Harris, Digital Design and Computer Architecture: ARM Edition,
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., United States, May 2015.
• Jonathan Walker Valvano, Embedded Systems: Introduction to Arm® Cortex™-M
Microcontrollers, 5th Edition, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2011.
• Samir Palnitkar, Digital Design using Verilog HDL, Prentice Hall; 2nd Edition, 2003.
• ARM System Developer’s Guide: Designing and Optimizing System Software 1st Edition
(Designing and Optimizing System Software), Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., 2011.
• Peter R. Wilson, Design Recipes for FPGAs, Elsevier.

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What is an Embedded System ?

• An embedded system is an
electronic/electro-mechanical system
designed to perform a specific function

• An embedded System is a combination of

both hardware and Software (firmware)
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iPhone 7

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iPhone 7 PCB

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iPhone 4 PCB

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First iPhone PCB

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Block Diagram of a Mobile Computing System

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iPhone XS, 2018

ASIC Accelerators

Neural
GPU
Engine
CPU

TechInsights.com Apple iPhone XS teardown

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Intel FPGA

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Architecture

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 Open Computing Language (OpenCL)
Optimize use of all computational
resources in the system
CPUs, GPUs and other
processors as peers
Efficient parallel programming
model
Based on C99
Data-and task-parallel
computational model
Abstract the specifics of
underlying hardware
Specify accuracy of floating-point
computations
Desktop and Handheld Profiles
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OpenGL: A cross-language, cross-platform application
programming interface for rendering 2D and 3D vector graphics.
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How many sensors are in a cell phone?
Light
Proximity
2+ Cameras
3+ Microphones
Touch I/F
GPS
Wi-Fi, Cellular, NFC,
Bluetooth
Accelerometer
Magnetometer
Gyroscope
Barometric
Temperature
Humidity
Fingerprint
…. Many more 17
 iPhone Accelerometer Sensor
az
a = (ax, ay, az)

ay
O

ax az : yaw, ay : pitch, ax : roll

Install “Physics Toolbox Sensor Suite” on Your Smartphone

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Gyro sensor

Gyroscope
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 MEMS Gyroscopes

Image: ST Microelectronics
Draper Lab comb drive tuning fork gyroscope

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 Magnetometers

Magnetic compass

Image: Henrik Mouritsen 21

 iPhone Magnetometer Sensor
zB

B = B (cosθ, 0, sinθ)

yB
B

xB

Rotational vector, R = Rz (yaw) Ry (pitch) Rx (roll)

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Self-Driving Car

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