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Computing KS4 Theory 17 - The Internet & WWW - 0
Computing KS4 Theory 17 - The Internet & WWW - 0
Computer Science
KS4 Knowledge Organiser – Theory 17 – The Internet & the World Wide Web
Key vocabulary The Cloud
A series of inter‐connected networks. Not owned or The remote provision of storage and software resources which can be
Internet managed by one group of people, anybody can access accessed from a device. Uses servers and data centres to access such content.
the internet. The internet is a WAN. Advantages Disadvantages
Where documents and other web resources are There is no need to update
identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), Entrust data with an outsider, even
World Wide Web application software if it is remotely
interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed when it may be sensitive.
provided.
via the Internet. No need to maintain own network Entrust that data is stored safely and
A program used for accessing webpages, examples to store data. securely.
Web Browser
include Google Chrome, Firefox and Edge. Reduced need to employ expensive
A domain name (or website name) is used for accessing a Trust that the service will always be
Domain Name network managers and other
website without having to use the IP address. available when required.
technical staff.
A directory for mapping domain names to IP addresses. An internet connection is always
Advantages include not having to remember numerical Backup is not a worry as the service
required to access the content stored
Domain Name System addresses, if IP addresses change the DNS will update provider takes care of this.
on a cloud.
this. Having many DNS servers allows everyone to have Becomes easy to share files with
access to all addresses from their local DNS server. colleagues globally.
A method of sending data between two places which
Circuit Switching involves creating a direct connection between the two Top level domains
end points. Formerly used at telephone exchanges. Extensions are categories of Internet domain names. There are several to
A method of breaking information to be sent into choose from.
Packet Switching packets and sending the packets across a network. Domain Owned by
Packets can be reassembled at their destination. .gov Government agencies
An error checking process used to confirm that all .org Non‐profit organisations
packets of data have been received. A mathematical
Cyclic Redundancy Check formula is applied to the data which creates a code. The .com Commercial business
(CRC) code is sent with the data. The receiving device performs .uk Based in the United Kingdom.
the check and compares the data to see if data needs to
be resent.
Host A computer which stores a particular resource or file.
Uniform Resource Locator The address of a World Wide Web page.
(URL)