Field Practicum Report Social Welfare de

Field Practicum report
Social Welfare Department

BIRDEM General Hospital and Ibrahim Memorial Diabetes Centre
Shahbag, Dhaka-1000
Course Code: BSW-4204
Presented by
Md. Shahidul Islam
BSS 8th Semester
Roll: B-150403012
Session: 2015-2016
Department of Social Work

University of Jagannath
Shahbag, Dhaka-1000
Prepared by
Md. Shahidul Islam
BSS 8th Semester
Roll: B-150403012
Session: 2015-2016

Published On December, 2019
Shahbag, Dhaka-1100
Duration: September, 2019 to December, 2019
Institute Supervisor Agency Supervisor
Md. Shahidul Haque Kazi Rashedul Haque

Assistant Professor, Deputy Director and Head of
Social Work Department the Department,
Jagannath University Social Welfare Department
BIRDEM General Hospital

and Ibrahim Memorial
Diabetes Centre
Presented by
Md. Shahidul Islam

BSS 8th Semester
Roll: B-150403012
Session-2015-2016

Declaration
I hereby declare that the project work entitled ‘Field Practicum Report’
submitted to the Jagannath University, Department of Social Work, is a record
of original work done by me under the guidance of my Institute supervisor
Md. Shahidul Haque and Hospital supervisor Md. Kazi Rashedul Haque. And
this report (course no : BSW-4204 ) is submitted to the Department of Social
Work , Jagannath University as a partial fulfilment of the requirement for the
Degree of Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) .The results embodied in this
report have not been submitted to any other university or institute for the
award of any type of work.
Sincerely Yours
Md. Shahidul islam

BSS 8th Semester
Roll: B-150403012
Session 2015-2016
Jagannath University
i
Acknowledgement
Human society in general in the complicated social relationship uses and
procedures of authority, mutual aid and assistance, co-operations, humanity
and relationships exist in the manner of people. A grateful person always
remembers or recognizes the help and assistance when he gets some simple or
outstanding co-operation and assistance. During my field practicum, I got
some unforgettable co-operation and logical support, whenever I’ve
encountered obstacles and critical problems. I am eager to take the opportunity
to express my heartiest gratitude and cordial thanks to those individuals whose
direct assistance and inspiration has helped me complete my field practicum
and in writing the field practicum report.
First of all, indebtedness to my honorable chairman professor Dr. Md. Anwar

Hossen, Associate Professor, Department of Social Work, Jagannath
University who gave me the opportunity to do field practicum as a student of
social work as well as a social worker. And I would like to give special thanks
to all of teachers, Department of Social Work, Jagannath University who’s
taught me about the types, methods, and everything of field work elaborately
in classroom throughout the bachelor level.
Then I would like to thanks to my internal supervisor Md. Shahidul Haque,

Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, Jagannath University who
guided me to carry out Field Practicum properly and for his keen interest,
cooperation and eager participation in every phase of the field work. Without
his expert knowledge, skill, earnest behavior, wise opinion, well thought and
direction, it won’t be possible for me to write this report in outstanding
manner. Truly speaking, it would not have been plausible for me to
accomplish the successful compilation of the Field Practicum without his
supervision.
ii
I would also like to thanks to my external supervisor Kazi Rashedul Haque
who guided and gave knowledge about the work and the agency.
I would like to express my heartiest gratitude to the staffs of different sectors

of BIRDEM General Hospital who have helped me by providing different
informations specially Mrs. Sultana Yesmin Papri, Mr. Azizul Haque,
Mr.Alamgir Sheikh, Mrs. Halima Shirin Borna, Mrs Gillian, Mrs. Tahmina.
Finally, my gratitude goes to all staffs of the agency, my institute and my

friends for supporting me and my clients who helped me by providing
necessary information to write report.
Sincerely Yours
Md. Shahidul islam

BSS 8th Semester
Roll: B-150403012
Session 2015-2016
Jagannath University
iii
Preface
Field practicum procedure is in social work is to structure and assignment
through which the student has responsibilities for a definite piece of work in
agency setting which he conducts on a relatively self-directing basis under the
supervision and guideline of the supervisor.
Field practicum is the heart and soul of social work education and it offers the
students to apply the class room knowledge with the solution of the problem
of real world. The ideal field placement offers students a focus on the methods
of direct practice, policy development and implementation, and other social
work special projects and research activities. In this dynamic society, the
social worker has great scope to solve various induced problems from positive
and negative changes and to learn this with gaining theoretical knowledge, the
social work students have to be trained about social consequences through
field practicum.
As a student of Department of Social Work, Jagannath University, I have been

sent to the Department of Social Welfare of BIRDEM General Hospital for
Field work with 60 working days. I am very much blessed to get a great chance
for field practicum in BIRDEM General Hospital. I am propounded my
performed activities, experience, success, failure, institute acquaintance by
this final report on field practicum. Though I am not gaining exhaustive
success in field work as an apprentice, I have tried my best to accomplish
assigned duties with purity and devotion. Through this I have gained new
knowledge on society and it will help me in every footpaces of proper
activities in my life. Overall, it is an earthling to bring forth my different
experiences consequently during field education through the field work
practicum report.
iv
Acronyms
BADAS- Bangladesh Diabetic Somiti.
BIRDEM- Bangladesh Institute for Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes,

Endocrine& Metabolic Disorders
BSW- Bachelor in Social Work.
CSWE- Council on Social Work Education.
DAB- Diabetic Association of Bangladesh.
EASSW- European Association of Schools of Social Work.
IASSW- International Association of Schools of Social Work.
IFSW- International Federation of Social Workers.
ISWD- International Social Work in Development.
JNU- Jagannath University.
NASW- National Association of Social Workers.
SWE- Social Work Education.
WHO- World Health Organization.
v
Table of Contents
SL. Page
Topic
No No
1 Declaration i
2 Acknowledgement ii
3 Preface iv
4 Acronyms v
Chapter One: Field Practicum in Social Work
01-20
Education
1.1 Introduction 02
1.2 Concept of Social Work 03
1.2.1 Characteristics of Social Work 05
1.2.2 Aims and Objectives of Social Work 05
Historical Development of Field Practicum in Social Work
1.3 06
Education
1.4 Concept of Field Practicum 08
1.4.1 Components of Field Practicum 09
1.4.2 Functions of Field Practicum 09
1.5 Aims and Objectives of Field Practicum 10
1.6 Importance of Field Practicum 13
1.7 Concept of Medical Social Work 15
1.7.1 What medical social workers do 16
1.7.2 Medical Social Work Practice in Bangladesh 17
1.7.3 Objectives of Medical Social Work 17
1.7.4 Role and Responsibilities of Medical Social Worker 18
Chapter Two: Introducing Field Practicum Agency 21-37
2.1 Name and location of the Agency 22
2.2 Introduction of DAB (Diabetic Association of Bangladesh) 23
2.2.1 The Formation of DAB 24
2.2.2 Mission and Vision of DAB 24
2.3 Historical Background of BIRDEM 25
2.4 BIRDEM General Hospital-2 26
2.5 Mission and vision of BIRDEM 27
2.6 Organogram of BIRDEM 28
vi
2.7 Programs of BIRDEM 28
2.8 Department of BIRDEM 30
2.9 Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM 33
2.9.1 Staffs of Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM 34
Present staff list of Social Welfare Department of
2.9.2 34
BIRDEM General Hospital
2.9.3 Functions and Programs of Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM 35
2.9.4 Programs of Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM 36
Chapter Three: Diabetes 38-47
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Diabetes Mellitus 39
3.2.1 Types of Diabetes 39
3.2.2 Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus 42
3.2.3 Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus 43
3.2.4 Concept of Insulin and Pancreas 45
3.3 Diabetes Mellitus in Bangladesh 45
3.4 Recommendations to Control Diabetes in Bangladesh 46
Chapter Four: My Participation in Field Practicum as
48-52
an Apprentice Social Worker
4.1 Introduction 49
4.2 My Assigned Duties as an Intern Social Worker 49
4.2.1 Duties and Responsibilities from Internal Supervisor 49
4.2.2 Duties and Responsibilities from Field Practicum Agency 50
4.3 Duties Performed by Me 50
4.3.1 Duties from Internal Supervisor 50
4.3.2 Duties from External Supervisor 51
4.4 My Taken Cases 51
Chapter Five: My Performed Cases 53-88
5.1 Introduction 54
5.2 Performed Cases 54
5.2.1 Case-1 55
5.2.2 Case-2 62
5.2.3 Case-3 69
5.2.4 Case-4 76
5.2.5 Case-5 83
vii
Chapter Six: Evaluations, Recommendations and
90-99
Conclusions
6.1 My Experiences as an Intern Social Worker 91
Applied Social Work Knowledge, Skills and Methods in
6.2 93
Field Practicum
6.3 Strengths and Weaknesses 94
6.3.1 Strengths and Weaknesses of Field Practicum Agency 94
Strengths and Weaknesses of Department of Social Work
6.3.2 96
of JNU
6.4 Recommendations 98
6.5 Conclusions 99
References 100
Appendixes 101
viii
Chapter One
Field Practicum in Social Work Education
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Concept of Social Work
1.3 Historical Development of Field Practicum in Social Work Education
1.4 Concept of Field Practicum
1.5 Aims and Objectives of Field Practicum
1.6 Importance of Field Practicum
1.7 Concept of Medical Social Work
1|Page
Chapter One
Field Practicum in Social Work Education
1.1 Introduction
Fieldwork practice is indispensable part of social work education. In 1893,
Ana L. Dayes at first brought forth the importance of field work in Social
Work Education to understand the surroundings besides the knowing of an
individual. Consequently, in 1898, the professional Social Work had started
out with field work. As Hepworth and Rooney and Larsen (2002) observe,
fieldwork engages the student in supervised social work practice and provides
opportunities to marry theory and practice. Field Work is also denominated as
field practicum or internship. Since, the students have to participate directly
in different activities, on that regard, the term ‘internship’ is deeming as very
much applicable. Here, an internal supervisor and an external supervisor
provide guidelines to the students.
Field Practicum offers experiential assessment and evaluation of students’

development in the process of becoming a helping professional. Students are
provided opportunities to apply their academic and practice experiences in the
reality of the agency-client-service matrix. Social work in practice is called
field work. Through the supervised field experience, students participate in,
and become familiar with, the many components of the social work profession
and its varied roles. In this field new scholar become skilled interviewing,
using theories, methods, techniques in practical arena assuring recording,
responding, reporting etc.
Though the definition of social work seems to be a contested terrain, the

International Association of Schools of Social Work (IASSW) and the
International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW) (2004) convey, its basic
meaning quite concisely.
2|Page
Field work is a very important topic in social work. It means the practical
work. Field work apply all the methods, principles, ethics in practical life.
Field Practicum is a dynamic course that challenges students to apply social
work practice knowledge, skills, and values within an organizational and
community context. Field Practicum is a vital dimension of students’
undergraduate and graduate social work education. The hours of field practice
prepare students to enter the work force as professional social work
practitioners. Here we work in different sectors. Like medical sectors,
educational sectors, official sectors, law sectors etc.
1.2 Concept of Social Work

Social Work is a modern scientific problem-solving process. Its main target is
to able people of all sectors to play their role in the society and create societal
conditions to favorable to that goal. Social work is mainly method based
practical science. The profession of social work is uniquely founded on
altruistic values respecting the inherent dignity of every individual and the
obligation of societal systems to provide equitable structural resources for all
members of the society.
The following definition of Social Work was approved in the IFSW General
Meeting and the IASSW General Assembly in July 2014: “Social work is a
practice-based profession and an academic discipline that promotes social
change and development, social cohesion, and the empowerment and
liberation of people. Principles of social justice, human rights, collective
responsibility and respect for diversities are central to social work.
Underpinned by theories of social work, social sciences, humanities and
indigenous knowledge, social work engages people and structures to address
life challenges and enhance wellbeing.”
According to W.W. Boehm “Social work seeks to enhance the social

functioning of individuals singly and in groups, by activities focused upon
3|Page
their social relationships which constitute the interaction between man and his
environment. These activities can be grouped into three functions: restoration
of impaired capacity, provision of individual and social resources and
prevention of social dysfunction.”
From this definition it is clear that social workers follow a formal procedure
in helping clients to cope with their life tasks and to realize their aspirations.
This involves developing their ability to deal with their problems more
effectively at any given point in time and also in the future. Furthermore,
social work intervention helps people connect with needed resources and to
negotiate problematic situations which might also involve changes to existing
structures where these present blocks to human growth and development.
Theory
Social
Work
Education
Practice
Figure: Social Work Education
Social work is a helping profession which fundamentally and radically aims

to assist the individuals, groups and community to cope with their complex
socio-economic psychological problems through enabling themselves so that
they can solve their problem by helping themselves. Social work education is
the combination of theories and practices.
4|Page
According to one of the great pioneer Walter. A. Friedlander, social work
methods are divided into two parts. These are:
Basic methods: It includes another three parts such as (1) social case work
(2) social group work (3) community social work.
Auxiliary methods: It also includes 3 parts. These are - (1) social action (2)
social administration (3) social research.
Social work is a concept of the social science of doing well for each other
personally as well as collectively. It refers to a collective approach of reducing
suffering and disadvantages and increasingly happiness and advantages of the
community members with the active participation and involvement of
individuals as well as government and Non-government organization.
1.2.1 Characteristics of Social Work
• Social Work is a commitment of social betterment.

• A goal of enhance social function
• An action orientation
• An application to human diversity
• A versatile practice perspective
1.2.2 Aims and Objectives of Social Work
• To promote effective and human service system

• To enhance problem solving, coping and development capacities,
• To link people with resources, services and opportunities,
• To develop and improve social policy
• Caring, curing and changing the society.
The profession of social work places emphasis on cooperation through mutual

interaction amongst individuals and communities. An increase in international
cooperation in social work education has expanded through research, mutual
5|Page
exchanges and discussion. The profession’s growing international
commitment is evident through initiatives from NASW, ISWD, IFSW,
IASSW, and CSWE.
1.3 Historical Development of Field Practicum in Social Work

Education
Field instruction has always been a major part of social work training. Its
journey began in the days of the Charity Organization Societies in the last
quarter of the 19th century when students learned social work by
apprenticeship. With this apprenticeship model, training emphasized doing
and deriving knowledge from that activity. By the end of the 19th century,
social work was moving away from the apprenticeship model. The first
training school for social work was a summer program that opened in 1898 at
the New York City Charity Organization Society. In 1904, the Society
established the New York School of Philanthropy, which offered an eight-
month instructional program. Mary Richmond, an early social work
practitioner, teacher, and theoretician, argued that although many learned by
doing, this type of learning must be supplemented by theory.
At the 1915 National Conference of Charities and Corrections, presenters

emphasized the value of an educationally based field-practice experience, with
schools of social work having control over students’ learning assignments.
This idea put schools in the position of exercising authority over the selection
of agencies for field training and thus control over the quality of social work
practice to which students were exposed.
Early in social work education, a pattern was established whereby students

spent roughly half of their academic time in field settings (Austin, 1986). This
paradigm was made possible by the networking that emerged from the early
organizational efforts of social work educators. The American Association of
6|Page
Schools of Social Work, in its curriculum standards of 1932, formally
recognized field instruction as an essential part of social work education
(Mesbur, 1991).
From about 1940 until 1960, an academic approach dominated social work
education. This approach emphasized students’ cognitive development and
knowledge-directed practice. Professors expected students to deduce practice
approaches from classroom learning and translate theories into functional
behaviors in the field (Tolson and Kopp, 1988).
Educational standards for field instruction were refined in the 1940s and the
1950s, and field work became known as field instruction. The American
Association of Schools of Social Work took the position that field teaching
was as important as classroom teaching and demanded equally qualified
teachers and definite criteria for the selection of field agencies. In 1951, the
Hollis-Taylor report on the state of social work education in the United States
asserted that “education for social work is a responsibility not only of
educators but equally of organized practitioners, employing agencies, and the
interested public. Widely accepted by the profession, this assertion became
the cornerstone of all subsequent developments” (Kendall, 2002).
In 1952 the Council on Social Work Education was established and began
creating standards for institutions granting degrees in social work. These
standards required a clear plan for the organization, implementation, and
evaluation of both in-class work and the field practicum. Interestingly, it was
not until 1970 that field work was made a requirement for undergraduate
programs affiliated with council.
When social work programs were housed in other disciplines, academically

minded social scientists sometimes argued that the function of field instruction
7|Page
was to allow students to observe and collect data on poverty and social
conditions first hand. The emphasis was often on the study of social problems.
Students were not expected to provide services or assist clients. Agencies, of
course, wanted students to roll up their sleeves and pitch in and help with the
work that they were doing. As social work has matured as a unique discipline,
a view of field education has emerged that blends both the academic and
experiential perspectives.
1.4 Concept of Field Practicum
Field practicum is an integral part of social work. It offers the students of

social work to apply their class room knowledge in practice.
Historically the profession of social work has considered field work a primary
means of providing student opportunity to acquire knowledge value and skills.
Simply we can say field work refers the process or approach in which social
knowledge, value, principles and other social work-related discipline are
exercised in the arena of social service welfare and sustainable development.
According to M.A. Momen (1970): “Field work program is designed to help

and guide a student to develop his skill and competence for his independent
professional functioning and carrying out appropriate responsibilities.”
In the words of R.R. Sing: “Field work is an educationally sponsored

attachment of social work students to an agency, or a section of community in
which they are helped to extent their knowledge and understanding and
experience the impact of human needs.”
In the words of W.A. Friedlander (1963): “Field work is designed to integrate

the academic knowledge, practical understanding and personal skills of the
student by personal contact and to direct the clients”.
8|Page
In the field of social work, Field Work is such a way through which the
apprentice social workers get the opportunity to apply their theoretical
knowledge acquired in the class. For this, an apprentice social worker has to
apply his knowledge and skills of social work in real sphere under two
supervisors. One supervisor is from institute and one is from agency.
1.4.1 Components of Field Practicum
Students
Other External
Practitioners Supervisor
Components
Social Internal
Agency Supervisor
Figure: Components of Field Practicum
1.4.2 Functions of Field Practicum: The functions for which field work must
prepare students are:
❖ Rendering direct service

❖ Planning, policy development and administration related to service
delivery.
❖ Engaging in evaluative research in order to improve, change and
develop knowledge and skills in the delivery of services
❖ Supervision, training and education of personnel required for manning
the programs and services.
9|Page
1.5 Aims and Objectives of Field Practicum
The field practicum provides the student an opportunity to integrate social

work theory and knowledge from a generalist perspective. The field placement
provides a well-structured environment for students to apply generalist
knowledge, values and skills learned in the classroom.
The purpose of the field practicum is to provide students an opportunity to

learn hands-on through an internship work experience. Field practicum which
focuses on generalist social work practice with a solid knowledge of
theoretical frameworks with an understanding and acceptance of social work
values and ethics, and with well-developed skills related to beginning social
work practice.
R.R Sing (1985, p:44-45) in “Field work in Social Work Education” has
mentioned the following objectives-
➢ To offer purposeful learning experience to students through interaction

with life situations under supervisory guidance for professional growth
in terms of knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
➢ To foster attitudes in the student towards professional self-
development, increasing self-awareness appreciation of both capacities
and limitations.
➢ To develop in the student the required skills in helping the needy
through organizational work, use of social work methods, that is,
listening, participating communication and so on.
➢ To enable the student to develop and deepen capacity to relate theory to
practice and also to relate experience to theory.
One of the objectives of fieldwork is integration of theory and practice.

According to Moti Ram Maurya, “Not only does field work illuminate theory
but, because of the many facets of specific cases it brings to light, or
10 | P a g e
emphasizes new aspects of theory that in the classroom have been postponed
or touched upon only in a passing manner. It will be unwise to think that theory
is taught in classes and practice in the field only. Both are complementary and
interdependent parts of the social work-whole. Theory without cases is empty
and cases without theory are meaningless on the scientific level (1962: 11)”.
The Committee on Social Work Education in India has mentioned the

following objectives:
➢ Development of skills in problem solving at the mean and macro

mentioned;
➢ Integration of classroom learning with field practices;
➢ Development of skills for professionals’ practice at the particular level
of learning;
➢ Development of professional attitudes, values and commitments; and
➢ Development of self-awareness and professional ideas.
To help students develop their professional selves, including some ability to

evaluate their own capacities to help people. This is seen as including
identification with profession and is understood in terms of progress the
students make in identifying with the school and with his field work agency.
The field objectives are designed to enable students
➢ To gain first-hand knowledge of social welfare and agency policies,

programs, procedures and services and the manner in which they impact
upon client systems in an urban setting;
➢ To integrate social work theory with social work practice and to apply
theoretical knowledge to urban practice situations;
➢ To carry out basic generalist practice skills as they relate to the profession
and practice of social work in urban settings;
11 | P a g e
➢ To understand the issues of poverty, socioeconomic disadvantage,
interpersonal and community violence, substance abuse, and mental health
problems, social injustice and discrimination, and how these impacts the
urban client system, as demonstrated by the ability to identify problems,
determine solutions and access appropriate community resources;
➢ To demonstrate an awareness of self in the professional context, accept the
value of diversity and differences, and is sensitive to and accepting of the
inherent dignity and worth of each individual client and their rights to self-
discrimination and decision making;
➢ To be able to perform culturally appropriate client interviews and
assessments as demonstrated by the identification of problems/needs and
strengths, and the determination of interventions, plans, goals, and
evaluations;
➢ To analyze and demonstrate the various roles used by the social worker as
an advocate, a mobilizer of services to meet unmet community needs, and
a mediator in helping clients to negotiate larger systems;
➢ To facilitate skill development in analyzing social issues and utilizing
social work practice principles in intervening with organizations and
community systems;
➢ To provide opportunity for learning linkages with content in other courses;
➢ To be able to identify different models of macro terminology and
techniques used in contemporary macro practice through the service-
learning project; and
➢ To demonstrate an awareness of self and willingness to be reflective of
one’s practice style related to working in groups, in new environments, and
in situations of change and collaboration.
12 | P a g e
1.6 Importance of Field Practicum
Students from different institutions of Social Work said that fieldwork helps
them to internalize their learning from the classroom and to identify the gaps
in the pedagogy of Social Work education and the real-life situation.
Fieldwork practicum highlights the difference in education between Social
Work and the Social Sciences. Fieldwork gives a reality-check to the students.
It is important to read about theories, but it is equally important to use the
understanding of theories with the reality outside of the institution of Social
Work. The field does not always turn in the way students expect it to field is
contextual and contingent.
Educators from different institutions of Social Work expressed that fieldwork

practicum helps the students to draw learning at all the levels of social work
practice.
➢ At the micro-level, the students develop an understanding of the client

system.
➢ At the mezzo-level, they learn to assess the needs of a community and,
accordingly, learn to develop intervention strategies to fulfill them.
➢ At the macro-level, they understand the various tactics of dealing with
the establishment, and to advocate the rights of people.
According to United Nations report “It is important that students should be

helped to develop the attitude of mind which leads them to make connections
between study and relief it is needed vital that this should be done if students
are to become professional practitioners in the field rather good natural
amateurs of technicians applying narrow skills by rule of thumbs methods.”
The considering importance of field practicum are-
• The student will learn to apply the values and ethics of the profession
and develop the capacity to tolerate and work constructively with the
13 | P a g e
value dilemmas, conflicts, and ambiguities inherent in the practice of
social work.
• The student will develop a varied repertoire of practice skills
fundamentals to social work and relevant to a wide range of clients,
modalities and types of setting.
• Field practicum gives opportunity for the students to learn to work with
other professional and voluntary workers.
• Fieldwork is helpful to build up theory. When we practice field work,
we can test the social work methods, principle, values, and ethics. The
student will actively engage in the learning process and develop the
capacity to reflect on the work and make active use of supervision and
other feedback.
• Field work is the greatest strategy to evaluate the social work.
• The student will develop a self-reflective and reflexive stance, which
includes a growing awareness of self with clients, staff and larger
systems in relation to practice.
• The student will develop a knowledge base and the related skills needed
to work for social justice on behalf of population at risk.
• The students can understand how to work under administrative and
organizational structure and they can learn how an office is governed
and what kind of routine needs to be established.
• The student will develop the ability to work collaboratively with other
professional and the community at large in his/her role as a professional
social worker.
• The student will develop and demonstrate the skills of critical thinking.
• Social worker must need clear concept about human behavior, attitude,
values etc. Field practicum students have chance to go near the general
people. So, they can gain knowledge about human behavior.
14 | P a g e
As stated earlier, owing to the understanding that Social Work is practice-
oriented fieldwork carries a lot of importance. At last, we can say that field
practicum develops the students’ skills that will enable them to respond
appropriately to the needs of clients.
1.7 Concept of Medical Social Work

Medical social work is a sub-discipline of social work, also known as hospital
social work. Medical social workers typically work in a hospital, outpatient
clinic, community health agency, skilled nursing facility, long-term care
facility or hospice. They work with patients and their families in need of
psychosocial help. Medical social workers assess the psychosocial functioning
of patients and families and intervene as necessary. Interventions may include-
• connecting patients and families to necessary resources and supports in

the community;
• providing psychotherapy, supportive counseling, or grief counseling;
• providing help to a patient to expand and strengthen their network of
social supports.
According to Robert L. Barker "The medical social work practice that occurs
in hospitals and other health care settings to facilitate good health, prevent
illness and aid physically ill patients and their families to resolve the social
and psychological problems related to the illness. Medical Social Work also
sensitize other health care providers about the Social psychological aspects of
illness"
Medical Social Work is the branch of social work and it deals with the social,
physical and psychological aspects of patients.
15 | P a g e
According to Skidmore and Thackeray, “Medical Social Work is the
application of social work knowledge, skill, attitudes and values to the field to
health and medicine” (1964:73).
According to Russell H. Kurtz "Medical social work is a social work practiced

in responsible relationship to medicine and public health within the structure
and programs of health and medical care."
According to Clarkson, “Medical Social Work is a specialized branch of social

work practiced in hospitals, clinics, community health centers and sometime
in general practice” (1974).
Medical Social Work
Characterized by
emphasize on the
solution of the
problems of the
patient
Social problems Emotional problems Other problems
Figure: Characteristics of Medical Social Work
Hospital social service is a service based on social work knowledge and skills
where the psycho social factors behind the diseases are studied and helps the
client to improve his mental state and necessary steps are taken for his
recovery and rehabilitation besides giving emphasis on preventive care.
1.7.1 What medical social workers do?
While their precise responsibilities vary depending on their work setting,

medical social workers typically fulfill a number of key tasks:
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➢ Performing evaluations on mental and emotional health;
➢ Assessing social, family and/or financial circumstances;
➢ Communicating patient information to various stakeholders in patient’s
health team;
➢ Providing counseling or psychotherapy to patients and families
➢ Maintaining confidential patient records;
➢ Connecting patients and families with outside medical and non-medical
resources; and
➢ Coordination of patient care in collaboration with health team
stakeholders.
1.7.2 Medical Social Work Practice in Bangladesh
Medical Social Work practice in developed and underdeveloped country is

quite different due to the variation in socio-economic condition. In developed
society, patients need the psychosocial support, whereas financial support in
developing countries.
The concept of Medical social work was introduced in the western countries
of the world in the nineteenth century. In Bangladesh, modern medical social
work was developed in 1958. At first, it was started at Dhaka Medical College
Hospital with the its initiative of Red Cross in 1955 National council of Social
Welfare started to supervise medical social work in 1958. Then in 1961, it was
taken as a government program and other four projects were started at
Chittagong, Rajshahi, and T.B hospital. In 1984, it was renamed as -Hospital
Social Work' in place of 'Medical Social Work'. Now the program is going on
in 84 hospitals throughout the country (Husna Ara. 1994).
1.7.3 Objectives of Medical Social Work- The main goal of Medical Social
Work in Bangladesh is to provide proper services for the patient, basically for
the vulnerable patient with co-operation with the NGO or the donation of
philanthropist or warm-hearted people.
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Objectives of Medical Social Work-
➢ To build up Rapport and collect social-economic and related

information to assist the doctors to full cur the patients;
➢ To identity the poor and vulnerable patients from outdoor and includes
them within the medical social service;
➢ To send the identified patients to the related department and doctor;
➢ To admit the patients in the hospital by the basis of prescription of the
doctors and assist in treatment process;
➢ To build up relationship between the patient and doctor;
➢ To assist poor patients by giving them medical, blood, artificial parts of
the body, spectacles, and crèche etc;
➢ To assist mental disorder type of patients using psychotherapy;
➢ To keep the long periodical indoor patients from anxiety with proper
communication with his/her family;
➢ To counsel the illiterate patients for family planning, maternal and child
health care and the way to prevent the transmitted diseases;
➢ To send the patients to the home with financial help;
➢ To admit abandoned child of the hospital in the baby home a child
family (Shishu Paribar);
➢ To rehabilitate the poor patients within social service department under
the poverty alleviation program; and
➢ To follow-up the treatment and rehabilitation process of the patients.
Medical Social Workers must have patience, compassion, empathy and

excellent people and communication skills.
1.7.4 Role and Responsibilities of Medical Social Worker
Medical social work application works by the medical social worker. Formally
they are dedicated for the treatment of patient. In Bangladesh there are little
scope to work as a medical social worker. But some field they are playing a
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vital role in comprehensive medical treatment. Fundamentally the role
medical social work is divided into three part such as-
a. Role of pre-treatment stage

b. Role of during treatment stage
c. Role of post treatment stage.
According to Robert L. Barker "Medical Social Workers are professional

social workers employed in health care settings primarily to provide for the
psycho social needs of patients and alert other health care providers to the
social needs of the patients."
Russell H. Kurtz said a medical social worker play the following role-
❖ Authoritative definition of the social situation of the patient;

❖ Identification of the social forces and factors which are exerting
influence upon the etiology and treatment of the patient’s health
problems;
❖ Selection of appropriate measures of intervention directed toward the
modification of factors which may have adverse consequences for the
patients care and recovery;
❖ Participation in joint treatment planning and evaluation of treatment
outcomes;
❖ And finally, the execution of social treatment within the goals and
structure of a jointly development treatment plan.
According to A. R. Sadia the other main functions of the medical social worker
are the following:
❖ Participation in program planning and policy formulation of the agency;

❖ Participation in community organization;
❖ Participation in educational program; and
❖ Participation in social research and Consultation.
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• Establishing • Documentation
relationship to and record
doctors and keeping
nurses
Rapport Collaboration
build up
Screening Post
and case discharge
finding follow up
• The medical • The medical
social worker as social worker as
a teacher consultant
Figure: Overall Role and Responsibilities of Medical Social Worker
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Chapter Two
Introducing Field Practicum Agency
2.1 Name and location of the Agency
2.2 Introduction of DAB (Diabetic Association of Bangladesh)
2.3 Historical Background of BIRDEM
2.4 BIRDEM General Hospital-2
2.4.1 Two Projects of BIRDEM 2
2.5 Mission and vision of BIRDEM
2.6 Organogram of BIRDEM
2.7 Programs of BIRDEM
2.8 Department of BIRDEM
2.9 Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM
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Chapter Two
Introducing Field Practicum Agency
2.1 Name and location of the Agency

I have sent to the Department of Social Welfare of BIRDEM General Hospital
and Ibrahim Memorial Diabetes Center as a social work apprentice from the
Department of Social Work of Jagannath University for 60 working days.
Field Practicum Agency: Bangladesh Institute for Rehabilitation in Diabetes,

Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders General Hospital and Ibrahim Memorial
Diabetes Center.
Location: 122, Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Dhaka-1000.
Working Days: 60 (From 08 September 2019 to 08 December 2019).
BIRDEM
Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine

and Metabolic Disorders
122, Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Dhaka-1000
Phone: 00 880 2 8616641-50, Fax: 00 880 2 9667812
Email: dg birdem@dab-bd.org; nahar@dab-bd.org
Web: www.birdembd.org
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2.2 Introduction of DAB (Diabetic Association of Bangladesh)
Dr. Mohammed Ibrahim is the foremost who was concerned about diabetic
care in the country. He thought the care as a socio-medical care. He cognized
that diabetes is such a disease where not only doctors but also patients should
be involved in the process of diabetic care. Although the real latitude of the
problem of diabetes in the country was not obvious, he could foresee the
present situation at that time and organized a group of social workers,
philanthropists and professionals. With the help of them he established
Diabetic Association of Bangladesh – DAB (Bengali acronym Bangladesh
Diabetic Somiti- BADAS) then Pakistan on February 28, 1956. Primarily a
committee was formed to run the organization. Later, on May 21, 1956 the
first office bearers of the association have been formed with the following
members:
Name Designation
Major Dabiruddin President
Dr. Md. Ibrahim Vice President
Mrs. Nurjahan Morshed Vice President
Mr. A M Salimullah Fahami Secretary
Miss. Tahera Karim Joint Secretary
Dr. M A Mannan Joint Secretary
Mrs. F Dosani Treasurer
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2.2.1 The Formation of DAB
Diabetic care was started in a tin-shed building at Segun Bagicha. The motto
of Dr. Ibrahim was “No diabetic patients should die untreated, unfed or
unemployed even if she/he is poor”. So, he committed to give primary care to
the diabetic patients free of cost irrespective of socio-economic, racial or
religious status. Even rich patients were not allowed to buy the primary
diabetic care, but they could donate money to the association. The resources
and fund were raised through motivation programs.
It is to be noted that, there were no indoor facilities initially at Segun Bagicha.

Patients in need of hospitalization were sent to other hospitals. In the
beginning of 70's few short-stay beds were established to take care of the
serious patient. Dr. M Ibrahim was very much aware about the quality of the
service provided to the patients. He used to address the patients by saying that
“We are grateful to you for giving us the opportunity to serve”. He also
motivated other doctors to serve the patients with empathy. He included social
welfare, health education, nutritional education and rehabilitation in the
diabetes healthcare delivery system.
2.2.2 Mission and Vision of DAB
Vision
❖ In Bangladesh no diabetic should die untreated, unemployed or unfed.

❖ All people shall be provided with affordable health care service.
Mission
❖ Provide total healthcare including rehabilitation for all diabetics

irrespective of gender, economic and social status through different
institutions of Diabetic Associations of Bangladesh;
❖ Expand these services to provide affordable BADAS healthcare for all
Bangladeshi through self-sustaining centers of excellences;
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❖ For human resources development create requisite specialized quality
manpower (Physician, Technicians, Nurses and other related) of high
ethical standards for manning these institutions and for the country;
❖ Develop leadership in healthcare through dedicated and transparent
management system;
❖ Develop industries for diabetic, and other health food and
manufacturing medicines;
2.3 Historical Background of BIRDEM

The clinical services of BIRDEM provide comprehensive diabetic care free of
charge to all the registered diabetic patients. The fund collected by 'Cross
financing' system through medical care and diagnostic service to other
patients, is spent for imparting free medical service to the Diabetic patients.
The patients are entitled to get medical supervision, consultations, diabetic
education (which includes basic knowledge on overall health), advice on
nutrition, social support and rehabilitation, if necessary, insulin, oral
hypoglycemic agents, and medicines are supplied free or at subsidized cost.
The comprehensive health care delivery to a vast number of diabetics all over
the country is well recognized as a unique program of the Diabetic Association
of Bangladesh (BADAS). The Association executes this program primarily
through its central institute called the Bangladesh Institute of Research and
Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM).
Through its Academy BIRDEM conducts the largest number of postgraduate

medical courses in the private sector. With large number of international
collaborations, the institute is now widely acclaimed as one of the most
advanced research centers in the world. This is reflected in the recognition of
BIRDEM by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a Collaborating Center
for Research on Prevention and Control of Diabetes. It is the first of its kind
outside Europe.
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Here are few steps which will describe the history of Bangladesh diabetic
association-
The first meeting of the diabetic association was held on the 28th February of
1956, and the place of that meeting was, the resident of the Dr. Md. Ibrahim.
➢ Establishment of the medical research center in 1957;

➢ In 1959 the diabetic association got the membership of the
“INTERNATIONAL DIABETIC FEDARATION”;
➢ During the month of March of 1967 diabetic hospital opened its
emergency unit;
➢ The month of January in 1968 the first rehabilitation center opened;
➢ April of 1968, the applied nutrition training and research institute
established;
➢ In 1975 the association got assistance from WHO;
➢ In 1977 BIRDEM started building its own structure at Shahbag in
Dhaka;
➢ For the first time the WHO organize a post-graduation course titled
“diabetic endocrine and metabolic disorder”;
➢ The national council in its 178th meeting took decision to create a fund
for the diabetic federation;
➢ Bangladesh diabetic association got elected in the presidential council
of international diabetic association; and
➢ At last in 1980 BIRDEM got established.
2.4 BIRDEM General Hospital-2

The Project has been added the existing establishment of BIRDEM as
BIRDEM-2 Mohila and Shishu Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolic Hospital,
Segunbagicha, Dhaka started on 7th February 2012 along the Gynae and Obs
and Pediatrics OPD facilities on Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolic disease,
GHPD, Eye, Skin care facilities and modern laboratories facilities for both
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Diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Some Departments of BIRDEM-2 are-
SCABU, Pediatric Board, Obs Ward, Gynae ward, Operation Theater.
Two Projects of BIRDEM- 2
❖ Changing Diabetes in Children (CDIC)

❖ Life for a Children (LFC)
Services of LFC:
❖ Laboratory Service
❖ Follow-up Service
❖ Education Service
❖ Counselling Service
2.5 Mission and vision of BIRDEM

Vision:
➢ In Bangladesh no diabetic should die untreated, unemployed or unfed.

➢ All people shall be provided with affordable health care service.
Mission:
➢ Provide total healthcare including rehabilitation for all diabetics

irrespective of gender, economic and social status through BIRDEM;
➢ Expand these services to provide affordable BIRDEM healthcare for all
Bangladeshi through self-sustaining centers of excellences;
➢ For human resources development create requisite specialized quality
manpower (Physician, Technicians, Nurses and other related) of high
ethical standards for manning these institutions and for the country;
➢ Develop leadership in healthcare through dedicated and transparent
management system; and
➢ Develop industries for diabetic and other health food and manufacturing
medicines.
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2.6 Organogram of BIRDEM
Present Board of Management of BIRDEM General Hospital:
Chairman: Dr. Sarwar Ali- Member, NC, BADAS.
Name Designation
Professor Rashid-E-Mahbub Joint Secretary General, BADAS
Professor Dr. A H Syedur Rahman Member, NC, BADAS
Professor Harun-Ur Rashid Member, NC, BADAS Nominated

Member NC, BADAS (Ministry of
Health and Family Welfare)
Professor Zafar Ahmed Latif Director General, BIRDEM
Professor Kishwar Azad Project Director, PCP, BADAS
2.7 Programs of BIRDEM

There are 4 important programs of BIRDEM, such as:
1. Diabetes Education Program
Diabetic patients are directly educated by the diabetes educators from NHN,
HCDP and Affiliated Associations. Development of Flip chart is completed
and has been disseminated among the diabetes educators. Educators are using
the tools and efforts are appreciated by the patients. Development of leaflet
and poster is complete. The materials were distributed for the diabetes
educators and other Health Professionals. Development of other training tools
like video programs, Animation films is under process.
➢ Education team: Diabetic Education Program is conducted by

Honorary Physicians (Dialectologist). They give the scientific lecture
for effective lifestyle modification for primary prevention of diabetes to
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modifying the modifiable risk factors through simple intervention of
life style modification specially.
A colorful diabetes guide book for primary prevention of Diabetes and NCDs
in Bengali was published and distributed to each participant which is helpful
for them to adopt life style modification and to reduce the prevalent of Type-
2 DM and NCDs. There is question and answer session between Physician
(Dialectologist) and the Participants of different organization to assess the
primary knowledge about diabetes in education program.
2. Clinical service: DCCS project-1650 patients were followed up. 800

students/Medical personnel of various Medical College/Institutes
visited in 19 visit events. Eleven students from Japan visited twice. 12
officers from Armed Forces Medical Institute visited BIRDEM through
Health Education Department. 375 patients received training on
glucometer operation and 56160 tests were done with glucometer by the
patients. Insulin injection training was conducted (Syringe 7035: Pen
device3844).
3. Young Diabetic Society: Here, the members of society are the patients
who are suffering from diabetes since childhood and they, then, were
unable to bear the cost of treatment because of poverty or they were
orphan. These members are provided work in the Social Welfare
Department.
4. Mass Awareness Program through Various Events Links
➢ Free Services: Various department of BIRDEM General Hospital gives
free services. The patients are entitled to get medical supervision,
consultations, diabetic education (which includes basic knowledge on
overall health), advice on nutrition, social support and rehabilitation, if
necessary, insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents, and medicines are
supplied free or at subsidized cost.
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Figure: Slogan of BIRDEM General Hospital
3D Maintaining by a Diabetic Patient.
2.8 Department of BIRDEM

Right now, BIRDEM has following departments-
a. Clinical Services Division: This division includes-
Out-Patient Department:
Department of Diet and Department of Physical Department of Public
Nutrition Medicine and Relations
Rehabilitation
Department of Department of Department of Social
Dentistry Dermatology Welfare
In-patient Service Departments:
Department of Department of Internal Department of

Medicine, Oncology, Medicine and Gastrointestinal,
Rheumatology and Neurology (I and II) Hepatoma Biliary and
Hematology (I and II) - MU –V Pancreatic Disorders
MU-I (GHPD) – MU-II
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Department of Department of Department of
Nephrology Unit I Endocrinology Endocrinology and
(MU-III) Pulmonology (MU-IV)
Neurology Unit I and 2 Nephrology Unit II Anesthesiology
(MU-III)
Department of Critical Department of Department of
Care Medicine (ICU) Cardiology Pediatrics and
Neonatology
Department of General Department of Surgery Centre for Assisted
Surgery and MIS (Unit Reproduction
I)
Department of Department of General Department of Surgery
Gynecology and and Colorectal Surgery (Unit IV)
Obstetrics (Unit II)
Department of ENT and Department of Urology Surgery Emergency
Head and Neck Surgery (Unit I and II
(ENT)
Department of Hepato Department of Department of
Biliary and Pancreatic Orthopedics and Ophthalmology
Surgery (HBP) Traumatology
Department of Surgery Hemodialysis Unit Department of
(Unit III) Transfusion Medicine
and Emergency Unit
Nephrology Unit I Endocrinology Endocrinology and
(MU-III) Pulmonology (MU-IV)
b. Finance and Accounts Division

c. Administration Division
d. Logistic Services Division: It includes-
Logistic Services Nursing Department Material Management

Division Department (Store)
Equipment Building Maintenance Kitchen Section
Maintenance
Department
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Laundry-Linen and Local Procurement Printing and
Apparel Section Section, BIRDEM Publication Unit
e. Division of Laboratory Services
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Histopathology and

Clinical Pathology and Hematology Cytology
Department of Microbiology Department of Endocrinology
f. Research and Academy Division: This division includes-
Department of Clinical Department of Department of

Biochemistry, Clinical Biochemistry and Physiology and
Pathology and Hematology Cell Biology Molecular Biology
BIRDEM Academy and Department of Department of
Library Epidemiology and Pharmacology
Biostatistics
Department of Radiology Biomedical Research Department of Health
and Imaging Group (BMRG) Education
Some Important Counters and Room
No of Counter and Room Description

01 No Counter Blood Test for New Patients
02 No Counter Blood Test for Social Welfare
Patients
15 No Counter Blood Test for Female
14 No Counter Registration and Guide Book
Collection of New Patients
10 No Counter Collection of Report of Blood Test
04 No Counter Insulin Collection
24 No Counter Information counter
102-116 No Room Doctor’s Chamber
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144 No Room Emergency Department
160 No Room Radiology Department
190 No Room Surgery Department
207 No Room Social Service Department
210 No Room Specialist Chamber
227 No Room Social Welfare Department
2.9 Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM

The Department was established since the inception of DAB. Free treatment
of diabetic is available here to poor and helpless patient. Socio-economic,
psychosocial counseling are provided for diabetics’ patients at free of cost
and diagnosis reports are carefully recorded here.
Gender Ward no of Surgery Ward No of Medicine

(No of Bed) (No of Bed)
Male 63 113
(22) (24)
Female 62 133
(12) (24)
Figure: Ward and No of Bed under Social Welfare Department of
BIREDM General Hospital
Counters and Room No. of Social

Description
Welfare Department
Doing blood Tests, collecting
2 no counter receipts of free investigation and
collecting report of blood test
Money Pay in for insulin, collecting
5 no counter
insulin
227 no room Social Welfare Department
Figure: Different Counters and Room no of Social Welfare Department
of BIRDEM General Hospital
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2.9.1 Staffs of Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM
Director Hospital and Admin
Deputy Director
BIRDEM-1 INDOOR (Hospital) BIRDEM-2
Outdoor Assistant Director Social Welfare

Officer
Assistant Director MLSS Social Welfare

Social Welfare Assistant/UDA
Junior Social
MLSS
Welfare Officer
Social Welfare
Assistant/UDA
MLSS
Figure: Administrative Structure of Social Welfare Department
2.9.2 Present staff list of Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM

General Hospital
Md. Kazi Rashedul Haque Deputy Director and Head of the

Department
Halima Shireen Barna Asst. Director
Mrs. Gilian Guda Asst. Director
Mrs. Jesmina Haque Asst. Director
Md. Mazharul Islam Social Welfare Officer
Sultana Yesmin Papry Junior Social Welfare Officer
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Mrs. Hosne Ara Junior Social Welfare Officer
Md. Abu Bakar Siddique Junior Social Welfare Officer
Md. Azizul Haque Mia Junior Social Welfare Officer
Md. Alamgir Sheikh Junior Social Welfare Officer
Mrs. Renuara Ferdous Upper Divisional Asst
Md. Mobinur Rahman Upper Divisional Asst
Mrs. Samchun Nahar Upper Divisional Asst
Mrs. Jebun Nahar Social Welfare Asst
Mrs. Laiju Begum Social Welfare Asst
Mrs. Noor Tahmina Social Welfare Asst
Md. Abdul Hannan Upper Divisional Asst
Sahajuddin Chawdhury Asst. MLSS Supervisor
They all are working together in the Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM
General Hospital and BIRDEM 2 to ensure quality services for all poor
diabetes patients all over the country following the motto of Dr. M. Ibrahim.
2.9.3 Functions and Programs of Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM
Ongoing Activities: On-going activities of Social Welfare Department of

BIRDEM General Hospital includes following welfare activities-
➢ Serving free/75%/50% cost for insulin, investigation and hospital

services to patients;
➢ Assisting getting admission of urgent patients;
➢ Seeking treatment in hospital for all;
➢ Keeping patient’s information and registration;
➢ Conducting patients’ follow up;
➢ Providing poor patient’s blood, lance and wheel chair;
➢ Issus new book and advise to control diabetics;
➢ Rehabilitation Program for poor, unemployed and unable people;
➢ Showing sympathy.
2.9.4 Programs of Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM
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Type of Services:
➢ The Social Welfare Department has been rendering services to the

diabetic patients to uphold and improve their life-level, especially to
help them to lead a normal self-dependent and useful socio-economic
life;
➢ Again, to improvise and standardize their compliance of health care, our
educational-emotional support, motivational and follow-up activities of
this Dept. are being carried out regularly;
➢ In order to facilitate care and treatment of poor, under privileged
patients living outside Dhaka are being referred and insulin injections
are being sent to their nearest Branch Associations and Thana Health
Complexes.
During the period under review the diversified services rendered in terms of
need of the patients are as follows:
Major Services Provided
➢ Out Patient's Department (OPD), In Patient's Department (Indoor), Affiliated

Association, District Sadar Hospital and Thana Health Complex.
➢ Social history, Assessment and follow-up for poor patients.
➢ Insulin supplied for poor diabetic patients.
➢ Including investigation (Outdoor and Indoor) for poor diabetic patients.
➢ Blood, Wheel Chair and Black glass supplied for poor admitted
patients.
➢ Basic Socio-economic information of new diabetic registered patients.
➢ Letter issued to treatment and health care providers of affiliated
association, District Sadar Hospital and Thana Health Complex for poor
patients.
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➢ Education care, interpretation of medicine advice, motivation and
mental support.
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Chapter Three
Diabetes
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Diabetes Mellitus
3.3 Diabetes Mellitus in Bangladesh
3.4 Recommendations to Control Diabetes in Bangladesh
38 | P a g e
Chapter Three
Diabetes
3.1 Introduction
The word “Diabetes” comes from Greek, and it means a "Siphon". Arêtes the
Cappadocia, a Greek physician during the second century A.D. named the
condition diabainein. He described patients who were passing too much water
(polyuria) - like a siphon. The word became "diabetes" from the English
adoption of the mediaeval Latin diabetes.
In 1675, Thomas Willis added mellitus to the term, although it is commonly

referred to simply as diabetes. Mel in Latin means "honey"; the urine and
blood of people with diabetes has excess glucose, and glucose is sweet like
honey.
3.2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus, disorder of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by
impaired ability of the Body to produce or respond to insulin and there by
maintain proper levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood. Diabetes is a major
cause of morbidity and mortality, though these out comes are not due to the
immediate effects of the disorder. They are instead related to the diseases that
develop as a result of chronic diabetes mellitus. These include diseases of large
blood vessels (macro vascular disease, including coronary heart disease and
peripheral arterial disease) and small blood vessels (micro vascular disease,
including retinal and renal vascular disease), as well as diseases of the nerves.
3.2.1 Types of Diabetes
There are three types of Diabetes. They are:
❖ Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus;

❖ Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; and
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❖ Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
➢ Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 diabetes is usually caused by auto-immune destruction of the islets of

Langerhans of the pancreas. Patients with type 1 diabetes have serum
antibodies to several components of the islets of Langerhans, including
antibodies to insulin itself. The antibodies are often present for several years
before the onset of diabetes, and their presence may be associated with a
decrease in insulin secretion. Some patients with type 1 diabetes have genetic
variations associated with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex,
which is involved in presenting antigens to immune cells and initiating the
production of antibodies that attack the body’s own cells (autoantibodies).
However, the actual destruction of the islets of Langerhans is thought to be

caused by immune cells sensitized in some way to components of islet tissue
rather than to the production of autoantibodies.
➢ Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 diabetes is strongly associated with obesity and is a result of insulin

resistance and insulin deficiency. Insulin resistance is a very common
characteristic of type 2 diabetes in patients who are obese, and thus patients
often have serum insulin concentrations that are higher than normal. However,
some obese persons are unable to produce sufficient amounts of insulin, and
thus the compensatory increase in response to increased blood glucose
concentrations is inadequate, resulting in hyperglycemia. If blood glucose
concentration is increased to a similar level in a healthy person and in an obese
person, the healthy person will secrete more insulin than the obese person.
Type 2 diabetes is far more common than type 1 diabetes, accounting for about
90 percent of all cases.
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People with type 2 diabetes can control blood glucose levels through diet and
exercise and, if necessary, by taking insulin injections or oral medications.
Despite their former classifications as juvenile or adult, either type of diabetes
can occur at any age.
➢ Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational diabetes is a temporary condition associated with pregnancy. In

this situation, blood glucose levels increase during pregnancy but usually
return to normal after delivery. However, gestational diabetes is recognized as
a risk for type 2 diabetes later in life. Gestational diabetes is diagnosed when
blood glucose concentrations measure between 92 and 125 mg per 100 ml (5.1
and 6.9 millimoles [mmol] per liter) after fasting or when blood glucose
concentrations equal or exceed 180 mg per 100 ml (10 mmol per liter) one
hour after ingesting a glucose-rich solution.
This type affects females during pregnancy. Some women have very high
levels of glucose in their blood, and their bodies are unable to produce enough
insulin to transport all of the glucose into their cells, resulting in progressively
rising levels of glucose. The majority of gestational diabetes patients can
control their diabetes with exercise and diet.
Two very important concepts are related to the diabetes patients. These are,
❖ Hypoglycemia; and
❖ Hyperglycemia.
➢ Hypoglycemia
Levels which are significantly above or below this range are problematic and
can in some cases be dangerous. A level of <3.8 mmol/L (<70 mg/dL) is
usually described as a hypoglycemic attack (low blood sugar). Most diabetics
know when they’re going to “go hypo” and usually are able to eat some food
or drink something sweet to raise levels. A patient who is hyperglycemic (high
41 | P a g e
glucose) can also become temporarily hypoglycemic, under certain
conditions.
➢ Hyperglycemia
Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is a condition in which an excessive

amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma. This is generally a glucose
level higher than 10 mmol/l (180 mg/dl), but symptoms may not start to
become noticeable until even higher values such as 15-20 mmol/l (270-360
mg/dl). However, chronic levels exceeding 7 mmol/l (125 mg/dl) can produce
organ damage.
3.2.2 Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus
People with type 2 diabetes often do not have any symptoms. When symptoms
do occur, they are often ignored because they may not seem serious.
Symptoms in type 1diabetes usually come on much more suddenly and are
often severe. Common symptoms of diabetes include:
➢ Excessive thirst and appetite;

➢ Increased urination (sometimes as often as every hour);
➢ Unusual weight loss or gain;
➢ Fatigue;
➢ Nausea, perhaps vomiting;
➢ In women, frequent vaginal infections;
➢ In men and women, yeast infections;
➢ Dry mouth;
➢ Slow-healing sores or cuts; and
➢ Itching skin, especially in the groin or vaginal area.
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Figure: The Result after Affecting of Diabetes
3.2.3 Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Universally, Diabetes is one of the fastest growing and deadliest diseases. The
disease is usually discovered when there are typical symptoms of increased
thirst and urination and a clearly elevated blood sugar level.
Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus
The diagnosis of diabetes is based on the presence of blood glucose

concentrations equal to or greater than 126 mg per 100 ml (7.0 mmol per liter)
after an overnight fast or on the presence of blood glucose concentrations
greater than 200 mg per 100 ml (11.1 mmol per liter) in general. People with
fasting blood glucose values between 100 and 125 mg per 100 ml (6.1 to 6.9
43 | P a g e
mmol per liter) are diagnosed with a condition called impaired fasting glucose
(prediabetes). Normal fasting blood glucose concentrations are less than 100
mg per 100 ml (6.1 mmol per liter).
Oral glucose tolerance tests, in which blood glucose is measured hourly for
several hours after ingestion of a large quantity of glucose (usually 75 or 100
grams), are used in pregnant women to test for gestational diabetes. The
criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes are more stringent than the criteria
for diagnosing other types of diabetes, which is a reflection of the presence of
decreased blood glucose concentrations in healthy pregnant women as
compared with non-pregnant women and with men.
Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Treatment for diabetes mellitus is aimed at reducing blood glucose

concentrations to normal levels. Achieving this is important in promoting
well-being and in minimizing the development and progression of the long-
term complications of diabetes.
❖ Diet and exercise: All diabetes patients are put on diets designed to
help them reach and maintain normal body weight, and they often are
encouraged to exercise regularly, which enhance the movement of
glucose into muscle cells and blunts the rise in blood glucose that
follows carbohydrate ingestion.
❖ Insulin therapies: Diabetics who are unable to produce insulin in their
bodies require insulin therapy. Traditional insulin therapy entails
regular injections of the hormone, which are often customized
according to individual and variable requirements. Human insulin may
be given as a form that is identical to the natural form found in the body,
which acts quickly but transiently (short-acting insulin), or as a form
that has been biochemically modified so as to prolong its action for up
to 24 hours (long-acting insulin). Another type of insulin acts rapidly,
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with the hormone beginning to lower blood glucose within 10 to 30
minutes of administration; such rapid-acting insulin was made available
in an inhalable form in 2014.
❖ Drugs used to control blood glucose levels: There are several classes
of oral drugs used to control blood glucose levels, including
sulfonylureas, biguanides, and thiazolidinediones.
❖ Glucometer monitoring: All patients with diabetes mellitus,
particularly those taking insulin, should measure blood glucose
concentrations periodically at home, especially when they have
symptoms of hypoglycemia. Using this technology, many patients
become skilled at evaluating their diabetes and making appropriate
adjustments in therapy on their own initiative.
3.2.4 Concept of Insulin and Pancreas
Insulin-Insulin is a hormone. Human body's cells absorb glucose from the

blood. The glucose is stored in the liver and muscle as glycogen and stops
body from using fat as a source of energy. When there is very little insulin in
the blood, or none at all, glucose is not taken up by most body cells. When this
happens, human body uses fat as a source of energy. Insulin is also a control
signal to other body systems, such as amino acid uptake by body cells.
Pancreas-The pancreas is part of the digestive system. It is located high up in

human abdomen and lies across human body where the ribs meet at the
bottom. It is shaped like a leaf and is about six inches long. The wide end is
called the head while the narrower end is called the tail, the mid-part is called
the body.
3.3 Diabetes Mellitus in Bangladesh

Bangladesh has a disproportionately high diabetes population with more than
7.1 million, 8.4% or 10 million according to research published in WHO
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bulletin in 2013, of the adult population affected by the disease. The number
will be 13.6 million in 2040. Nearly half of the population with diabetes,
51.2%, don’t know that they have diabetes and don’t receive any treatment.
Bangladesh is home to a 161 million population, according to the latest census

report. During 90s, the country has a relatively low diabetes affected
population. In 1995 is was only 4% which grew to 5% in 2000 and 9% in 2006
to 2010. According to the International Diabetes Federation, the prevalence
will be 13% by 2030.
According to a report published in WHO Bulletin in November 2013, there

is a quite significant correlation between age and diabetes. Older people were
more likely to have diabetes. A greater number of affected populations were
educated and working and more likely to come from affluent family with
40.7% came from the richest quintile, whereas 12.7% came from the poorest
quintile. The report also said that, urban people are slightly more prone to
diabetes than the rural people and that 56.0% of affected people did not know
they were carrying the disease and only 39.5% were receiving treatment
regularly.
3.4 Recommendations to Control Diabetes in Bangladesh

It is important for us to understand the state of diabetes in Bangladesh in order
to tackle this deadly health challenge.
Some recommendations are given below for the improvement of the condition
of the diabetic patient and the service providing system. These are-
❖ To arrange regular meetings and seminars, symposiums, round table

discussion with the diabetic patient to inform the latest information
about diabetes and inspired them to follow the rules and regulations;
❖ To arrange training programs for the assigned employees about
diabetes;
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❖ Proper management should be taken to lessen the diabetic cost;
❖ Different therapies such as behavior therapy, psychotherapy should be
applied to remove the psychological problems of the diabetic patients;
❖ To create public awareness about diabetes, its causes, symptoms,
treatment diet, discipline, form of taking drug etc.;
❖ To increase publicity about diabetic through print and electric media;
❖ To make effective measurement to remove the anxiety of the family
members of the diabetic patient’s family members.
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Chapter Four
My Participation in Field Practicum as an Apprentice Social Worker
4.1 Introduction
4.2 My Assigned Duties as an Intern Social Worker
4.3 Duties Performed by Me
4.4 My Taken Cases
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Chapter Four
My Participation in Field Practicum as an Apprentice Social Worker
4.1 Introduction
I started working at Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM at 08 September,
2019. From the starting I have to be introduced to the officials of agency.
Firstly, I and my group member meet to Kazi Rashedul Haque, Deputy
Director and Head of the Department. He delivered a brief introduction on the
social welfare department and its activities. He also interpreted what tasks
would be done by us.
After that we introduced all the officials and staffs of the agency. 3 days I
attended to the lecture of BIRDEM’s doctors on diabetes that are given for the
consciousness of diabetic patients. Then Sultana Yeasmin Papri, Social
Welfare officer taught us to write case history. At first, she showed us in
computer how to write a case history. Thus, I launched to perform my work.
Mainly I performed three types of activities.
4.2 My Assigned Duties as an Intern Social Worker

During my field work in BIRDEM I had some duties on me from my institute
supervisor and my agency supervisor. The kind of duties I tried to completed,
those are;
4.2.1 Duties and Responsibilities from Internal Supervisor
❖ Going to the agency in time and obey the agency supervisor;

❖ Listening and attend the supervisory conference;
❖ Keeping the daily record in the process recording book;
❖ Using the social work and skills effectively in the knowledge problem
solving process.
❖ Taking at least 5 cases for the finale field work report;
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❖ Preparing a finale field work report; and
4.2.2 Duties and Responsibilities from Field Practicum Agency
❖ Signing the attendance register regularly;

❖ Creating a good relation among the working stuff, and make rapport
with the client;
❖ Helping the client to have their service, by taking their interview;
❖ Taking the case history effectively;
❖ Collecting data about the social, economic condition;
❖ Learning about the different unit and department of agency;
❖ Learning the structure, objectives, goals and programs of the agency;
❖ Making follow up with full attention to the client;
❖ Visiting the Social Welfare wards;
❖ Attending the library to know about hospital service and history; and
❖ Providing information to the newly patients.
4.3 Duties Performed by Me

I have accomplished some duties which are assigned by my institute
supervisor and hospital supervisor. Now the performed duties of mine are
referred here:
4.3.1 Duties from Internal Supervisor
❖ Taking signature on process record of Institute Supervisor on

supervisory conference after assessing by him;
❖ Attending the institute supervisory conference;
❖ Writing process record note on daily basis;
❖ Assisted in the activities of Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM
General Hospital on the instruction of Institute Supervisor;
❖ Taking cases of admitted patients in the wards of Social Welfare
Department of BIRDEM General Hospital;
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❖ Providing counselling to the patients;
❖ Doing follow up of the taken cases; and
❖ Doing assignments on the topics of Field Work Report.
4.3.2 Duties from External Supervisor
❖ Signing on the Attendance Note Book;

❖ Accomplishing Social History of the patients;
❖ Assisting Junior Social Welfare Officer in the process of assessment
and review of the patients;
❖ Providing Social History Date and Assessment Date on the instruction
of Junior Social Welfare Officer;
❖ Keeping record of the assessed patients;
❖ Keeping record of patients whose social history have been done;
❖ Visiting the wards of the Social Welfare Department;
❖ Doing library Works;
❖ Attending Diabetes Guide Classes;
❖ Performed duties in BIRDEM 2 for 7 working days;
❖ Assisting in keeping record of newly hospitalized patients of Social
Welfare;
❖ Attending hospital supervisor conferences;
4.4 My Taken Cases

Name Age Reference Social Welfare Occupation Address
No. No.
Shirina Sultana 44 509622 71962 Home maid Dhaka
Shamvu Robi Das 67 222061 71964 Dependent Dhaka
Masuda Begum 30 616168 71978 Work in land Kurigram
Aklima 53 601461 71985 Home maid Munsiganj
Md. Anwar Hossen 47 613775 71990 Staff Haziganj
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Mizanur Rahman 38 615229 72000 Tea Shopkeeper Comilla
Md. Arif Hossain 42 603155 72002 Hawker Pabna
Rahima Begum 45 607155 72063 Home maid Narayanganj
Moyna Begum 49 529874 72071 Housewife Narayanganj
Nargis Begum 35 482015 72073 Housewife Rangpur

Badol Roy 41 346782 72082 Small Business Dhaka
Saleha Begum 69 581662 72105 Housewife Norshindi
Rahatun Nesa 51 445690 72118 Home maid Dhaka
Akhi 14 1003477 71286 Student Dhaka
Samsunnahar 45 619397 72140 Home maid Kaillakur
Taramoni 58 519834 72158 Housewife Dhaka
Labu Mia 61 516453 61532 Dependent Keraniganj
Harunur Rashid 42 603507 72167 Tution Dhaka
Asiya Begum 34 521898 72173 Mendicant -
Md. Abdul Hannan 41 564570 67158 Security Guard Dhaka
Kohinur Begum 59 617666 72187 Housewife Jamalpur
Rina Begum 34 574526 72189 Housewife Narayanganj
Nargis Akter 45 613934 72194 Dependent Narayanganj
Nizamur Rahman 55 281744 72305 Dependent Dhaka

Ibrahim Khandakar 70 423143 72309 Dependent Narayanganj
Jeba Parvin Jibon 42 620837 72320 Housewife Jaipurhat

Md. Eliyas Forazi 44 619041 72323 Day Laborer Madaripur
These are the cases that I deal with and try my best to collect data from the
client by building up rapport and applying social work methods, techniques
etc.
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Chapter Five
My Performed Cases
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Performed Cases
5.2.1 Case-1
5.2.2 Case-2
5.2.3 Case-3
5.2.4 Case-4
5.2.5 Case-5
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Chapter Five
My Performed Cases
5.1 Introduction
I am assigned to take 5 cases from hospitalized patients in social welfare free
wards. As I referred before the free wards of BIRDEM General Hospital under
the Social Welfare Departments. The free wards are-
Ward No. Location Description

62 5th floor Surgery (Female)
63 5th floor Surgery (Male)
113 10th floor Medicine (Male)
133 12th floor Medicine (Female)
5.2 Performed Cases

My performed cases are-
Case No Patient Name Reference No Social Welfare No Age

01 Sultana 346210 43584 30
02 Akhi 1003477 71286 14
03 Monir Hossen 450624 65475 52
04 Hanif Molla 526652 67638 65
05 Abdul Hannan 564570 67158 41
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5.2.1 Case-1
Background of the Case
For taking a case, I select a client named Sultana (30). She lives in Shampur
with her family. Her educational quality is class five. She is a Type-2 diabetic
patient. She has been married at very early age and her first baby was born
after 12 years of her marriage. When she conceives first baby she affected by
diabetes. Then one of her relatives suggest her parents to test diabetes. Then
she tests diabetes in Mautai hospital and doctor referred her to BIRDEM
Hospital. When I went BIRDEM-2 and visit ward, I see a problematic patient
and I accept her as my client.
Patient’s Profile
❖ Personal Information of the Patient
Name Sultana
Reference No 346210
Social Welfare no 43584
Age 30 years
Sex Female
Marital Status Married
Father’s Name Jamal Uddin
Mother’s name Rokeya Begum
Education Class-5
Profession Housewife
Address Shampur
❖ Hospital Related Information
Problem Diagnosis DM, Anemia

Bed No 627
Ward No 62
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Admission Date 01/10/19
Case Recording Date 15/10/19
Supervisory Doctor Dr. Afroza Sultana
❖ Family Related Information

SL No Name Age Education Profession Relation
1 Jahangir Alam 42 Illiterate Rickshaw puller Husband
2 Jerin Akter 06 Class 1 Student Daughter
3 Borna 03 - - Daughter
History of Illness
When Sultana was conceived, she was suffering from ill-health and she
frequently became physically weak. Then she consulted with a doctor. Doctor
prescribed her to do some tests and after observing the report, he said that
Sultana is a GDM patient. Doctor referred her to BIRDEM General Hospital.
Rationale of Taking Case
At first, with taking permission of Social Welfare Department of BIRDEM-2,

I went to the free ward, 62. I take this case because-
• A woman looking depressed;

• Suffering from many diseases in her body;
• Able to give me information about new disease;
• Her new born baby was in ICU; and
• There is a scope to apply social work knowledge, methods and
techniques;
Rapport buildup
Rapport build up is a so much important before commencing planned

treatment because collecting deep information and giving effective problem
solution to client are impossible without establishing rapport so as an
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apprentice social worker. I used the following techniques for establishing
rapport.
➢ Acceptance: I accepted Sultana giving full dignity and respect. I gave

assurance to solve her problem. As a result, she also accepted the giving
importance.
➢ Communication: I maintained regular communication with Sultana
and tried to understand her needs and information about problem.
➢ Participation: Establishing rapport is impossible without ensuring
participation of client is problem solving process. So, I ensured
participation of Sultana in every step of problem-solving process.
➢ Confidentiality: I assured Sultana to hide her all information as a result
he believed me fully and she promised that she didn’t hide any
information in her life.
➢ Individuality: I knew all clients are individual. Their problem, patterns
of problems, causes of problem, solution process, expectation etc. are
iterant from other. So, I applied individuality principle for establishing
rapport with Sultana. I tried to solve her problem on according to real
findings and her needs.
➢ Self-confidentiality: Every client has own view and want to ensure of
those needs. So, I tried to ensure Sultana helps me to establish rapport.
Psycho-social Study
In social case work psycho-social study is a very important phase. As an

apprentice social worker to know details information about Sultana I complete
Psycho-social study.
In this stage I can apply some techniques. This technique is given below-
Interview: Interview is the main way to collect client’s information. To
complete interview I went to my patient Sultana’s ward and follow some steps
for fruitful interview-
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During staying time of Sultana in BIRDEM made for his 5 interviews of my
working day.
1st interview: This was first day of Sultana and my interview. Today her
physical and mental condition was not normal. I had to talk with her mother
and I talked with her for few minutes. I tried to give mental support.
2nd interview: In this day, I saw physical condition of Sultana was not so much
improved and mental condition also. So, I helped to remove her mental
depression and gave some advices.
3rd interview: In this day, physical and mental condition of Sultana was
improved. But she was very much tensed about her baby. Because her baby
was in ICU after born. So, I tried my best to counsel her.
4th interview: In this day, I saw mental condition of Sultana was good but
physical condition was not good because her sugar level was very high. I gave
some advice to follow Doctor's advice and taking regular medicine.
5th interview: In this day, Sultana’s physical and mental condition was fine.
She was almost well and her baby’s physical condition was improved. I
provided her different kind of information related to her treatment. I advised
her to follow the rules and regulations which were given by the assigned
doctor. I arranged all necessary things to helping for Sultana. At last, she gave
me thanks for helping her and she promised not to take more children.
Observation
It is very important techniques at interview stage. I observe my client’s

personality, behavior, body language, mental condition with carefully.
❖ Listening: As an apprentice social worker I listen my client Sultana

physical and mental problem and also social, financial and family
related problem with deep concentration.
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❖ Questioning: Continuing interview stage I question my client with
simple language.
❖ Answering: When my client asks me any questions, I answer her with
logically.
❖ Home Visit: I reviewed the previous and present files of Sultana that
was so helpful for knowing her.
Socio-Economic Condition
❖ Economic condition: The economic condition of Sultana’s parents is

not so good. Her father is the earning member of her family. Her father’s
economic status is given-
Profession Rickshaw puller

Monthly Income 6,000/-
Personal Property Poor
Family property Poor
Ability of Treatment Disabled
Helping Relatives Absent
❖ Social Condition: My client’s social status is good. She is totally

devoid of political impasse. And her neighbor behaves good with her
family. Her social status is given below-
Education Class-5
Resident Rural
Household Composition Tin Shed House
Psycho-social Diagnosis
Client belongs to an insolvent family. But she and her family have good
relationship with neighbors, relatives and often visited them. So, considering
patient’s overall conditions, it can be said that her social status was good. My
patient was very upset and worried about his present problems.
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❖ Problem identification: From my interview as well as hospital’s
documents, I got some problems of my client. I also talked to the duty
doctor, she told me the whole problems and I noted down that problems.
Such as- Diagnosis-
➢ Dynamic Diagnosis: Dynamic diagnosis process involves examining the
part of a psychosocial problem for their particular nature and organization,
for the interrelationships among them, for the relation between them and
the means to their solution. I observe my cliental present problem and how
to remove this problem.
• She suffering from critical diseases;
• She is worried about her new born baby;
• The family is economically insolvent because the cost of treatment is
very high; and
• Her new born baby is in ICU.
➢ Clinical diagnosis: Clinical diagnosis means fault and inconsistency in
behavior and causes of social malfunctioning. We find out the problem of
clinical diagnosis about Sultana. Such as-
• High blood pressure;
• Breakdown mentally;
• Hopelessness; and
• Physical illness (DM, Anemia).
➢ Etiological diagnosis: It is psycho related problem without clinical
problem. It is happened after disease. Such as-
• Frustration
• Mental depression
• Financial crisis etc.
Treatment: In the light of supportive treatment and motivate treatment. The

activities are-
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➢ Supportive treatment
• Helping her to get medicine from the hospital social welfare
department.
• Free supplying of medicine, food and cloths.
➢ Modifying treatment: Building professional relationship and become
reliable to her and collect information.
• Inspire her how to cope up with society.
• Inspire her to follow the guidebook and doctor’s suggestion regularly
• Motivate her not to take again baby and also provide some information
related to problems of big family;
Evaluation/ Follow-Up
I am an apprentice social worker so basically, I tried to apply my class room

knowledge to solve Sultana’s mental problem. She contacted with me
cordially. So, it was possible to look after her to come round quickly. It was
also possible within few days. I tried to help her from myself with the help of
my agency. So, they were grateful to me for my assistance.
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5.2.2 Case- 2
For taking a case, I select a client named Akhi (14). Her home district is
Jamalpur. Her educational quality is class five. She is a Type-1 diabetic
patient. At first her parents don’t care about this but when she was very sick
and her physical condition continuously get weak then one of her relatives
suggest her parents to test diabetes. Then she tests diabetes in Jamalpur and
doctor referred her to BIRDEM Hospital. When I go in the 12th floor, I see a
very young age problematic patient and I accept her as my 2nd case.
Patient’s Profile
Name Akhi
Reference No 1003477
Age 14 years
Sex Female
Marital Status Unmarried
Father’s Name Kamal Hossen
Mother’s name Kamrun Nesa
Education Class-5
Profession Student
Address Demra, Dhaka
Problem Diagnosis DM, Ketoacidosis, Cataract (Both eyes)

Bed No 1341
Ward No 133
Supervisory Doctor Dr. Dilruba Khanom
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1 Kamal Hossen 42 Illiterate Rickshaw puller Father
2 Kamrun Nesa 36 Class 5 House wife Mother
3 Sathi Akter 05 Class 1 Student Sister
History of Illness: When Akhi was very small child, she was suffering from
ill-health and she frequently became physically weak. Then she consulted with
a doctor. Doctor prescribed her to do some tests and after observing the report,
he said that Akhi is a type-1 diabetic patient. Doctor referred her to BIRDEM
General Hospital.
At first, with taking permission of Social Welfare Department, I went to the

free ward, 133. I take this case because Akhi is-
• A small girl looking depressed;

• Suffering from many diseases in her small body;
• Unwilling to go school because of illness;
techniques;
Rapport buildup
Rapport build up is a so much important before commencing planned

treatment because collecting deep information and giving effective problem
solution to client are impossible without establishing rapport so as an
apprentice social worker. I used the following techniques for establishing
rapport.
63 | P a g e
➢ Acceptance: I accepted Akhi giving full dignity and respect. I gave
assurance to solve her problem. As a result, she also accepted the giving
importance.
➢ Communication: I maintained regular communication with Akhi and
tried to understand her needs and information about problem.
participation of Akhi in every step of problem-solving process.
➢ Confidentiality: I assured Akhi to hide her all information as a result
he believed me fully and she promised that she didn’t hide any
information in her life.
➢ Individuality: I knew all clients are individual. Their problem, patterns
iterant from other. So, I applied individuality principle for establishing
rapport with Akhi. I tried to solve her problem on according to real
findings and her needs.
those needs. So, I tried to ensure Akhi helps me to establish rapport.
Psycho-social Study

apprentice social worker to know details information about Akhi I complete
Psycho-social study.

complete interview I went to my patient Akhi’s ward and follow some steps
for fruitful interview- During staying time of Akhi in BIRDEM made for his
5 interviews of my working day.
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1st interview: This was first day of Akhi and my interview. Today her physical
and mental condition was not normal. I had to talk with her mother and I talked
with her for few minutes. I tried to give mental support.
2nd interview: In this day, I saw physical condition of Akhi was not so much
improved and mental condition also. So, I helped to remove her mental
3rd interview: In this day, physical and mental condition of Akhi was
improved. But she was very much tensed about her eye operation. Because
she has been having problems with her eyes for some days. So, I tried my best
to counsel her.
4th interview: In this day, I saw mental condition of Akhi was good but
physical condition was not good because her sugar level is so high and for that
she was not prepare for operation. I gave some advice to follow Doctor's
advice and taking regular medicine.
5th interview: In this day, Akhi’s physical and mental condition was fine. She
was almost well and her eyes operation was successful. I provided her
different kind of information related to her treatment. I advised her to follow
the rules and regulations which were given by the assigned doctor. I arranged
all necessary things to helping for Akhi. At last, she gave me thanks for
helping her and she promised me to take all of her medicines and to go school
regularly.
Observation: It is very important techniques at interview stage. I observe my

client’s personality, behavior, body language, mental condition with carefully.
Listening: As an apprentice social worker I listen my client Akhi physical and

mental problem and also social, financial and family related problem with
deep concentration.
65 | P a g e
simple language.
❖ Answering: When my client asks me any questions, I answer her with
logically.
❖ Home Visit: I reviewed the previous and present files of Akhi that was
so helpful for knowing her.
❖ Economic condition: The economic condition of Akhi’s parents is not

so good. Her father is the earning member of her family. Her father’s
economic status is given-

❖ Social Condition: My client’s social status is good. She is totally

devoid of political impasse. And her neighbor behaves good with her
family. Her social status is given below-
Education Class-5
Resident Rural
Client belongs to an insolvent family. But she and her family have good
patient’s overall conditions, it can be said that her social status was good. My
66 | P a g e
Such as- Diagnosis-
• She is a small girl and suffering from critical diseases.
• She is worried about her future.
very high.
• Her father is also a diabetic patient.
clinical diagnosis about Akhi. Such as-
• Hopelessness;
• Physical illness (Ketoacidosis, Cataract-B/E);
• Frustration
• Mental depression
Treatment
In the light of supportive treatment and motivate treatment. The activities are-
67 | P a g e
• Helping her to get medicine from the hospital social welfare
department.
• Free supplying of medicine, food and cloths.
reliable to her and collect information.
• Inspire her how to cope up with society.
• Inspire her to follow the guidebook and doctor’s suggestion regularly
• Motivate her mother to start her study again and also provide some
education related information;

knowledge and skill to solve Akhi’s psycho-social problem. She contacted
with me cordially. I help her solve her problem by herself own. So, it was
possible to look after her to come round quickly. It was also possible within
few days. I tried to help her from myself with the help of my agency. So, they
were grateful to me for my assistance.
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5.2.3 Case- 3
Field work provide us an opportunity to practice social work. So, for

practicing social case work I visit 5th floor 63 no ward and select a patient
named Monir Hossen (52). He lives in Munshiganj with his wife. He is a Type-
1 diabetic patient. He has been suffering from Diabetics for 12 years. He
already had lost a finger for this disease. Now he is going to get a surgery in
his leg. So, he gets admission in BIRDEM General Hospital. And she is under
treatment by Dr. Jui Hasan.
Patient’s Profile
Name Monir Hossen

Reference No 450624
Age 52 years
Sex Male
Father’s Name Younus Ali
Mother’s name Asiya Begum (Late)
Education Class-10
Profession Expatriate (Dependent Now)
Address Munshiganj
Problem Diagnosis DM, HBS Ag+, Anti HCN

Bed No 627
Ward No 63
Supervisory Doctor Dr. Jui Hasan
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1 Rahima Begum 48 Class-8 Housewife Wife
2 Moni Akter 30 Class-8 Housewife (Married) Daughter
3 Sunny Akter 19 SSC Housewife (Married) Daughter
History of Illness
Monir Hossen is suffering from diabetics for 12 years. He was well before 5
weeks. Then he found a small cracked in his foot. At first, he took treatment
from Munshiganj zilla sadar hospital. But it was not cure. Gradually his pain
was increasing day by day. He came to BIRDEM and doctor said that his foot
thumb was affected by gangrene and it had to be cut out. Then he consults
here for the solution of his disease.
When I went to the free ward- 62 I saw that a middle-aged person was in pain
and his toe have been amputated. I take this case because Monir Hossen is-
• Very poor;
• screams in pain;
• Suffering from many diseases in his body;
• The toes of his left leg have been amputated; and
techniques;
Rapport buildup
Before commencing planned treatment, rapport build up is so much important

because collecting deep information and giving effective problem solution to
client are impossible without establishing rapport. So, as an apprentice social
worker I used the following techniques for establishing rapport-
70 | P a g e
➢ Acceptance: By giving full dignity and respect I accepted Monir
Hossen. I gave assurance to solve her problem. As a result, she also
accepted the giving importance.
➢ Communication: I tried to understand his needs and information about
problem by maintaining regular communication with Monir Hossen.
participation of Monir Hossen in every step of problem-solving process.
➢ Confidentiality: I assured Monir Hossen to hide his all information as
a result he believed me fully and he promised that he didn’t hide any
information in his life.
➢ Individuality: I know all clients are individual. Their problem, patterns
different from other. So, I applied individuality principle for
establishing rapport with Monir Hossen. I tried to solve his problem on
according to real findings and his needs.
those needs. So, I tried to ensure Monir Hossen helps me to establish
rapport.
Psycho-social Study

apprentice social worker to know details information about Monir Hossen I
complete Psycho-social study.
complete interview I went to my patient I maintained regular communication
with Monir Hossen’s ward and follow some steps for fruitful interview-
71 | P a g e
During staying time of I maintained regular communication with Monir
Hossen in BIRDEM made for his 5 interviews of my working day.
1st interview: After receiving the case, first day I meet with Monir Hossen. I
wanted to know about him, his family, personal information and so on. I also
asked the nurse about his illness. I find out the background of his illness and
mental stress.
2nd interview: In this day, I saw physical condition of Monir Hossen was not
so much improved and mental condition also. So, I helped to remove his
mental depression and gave some advices.
3rd interview: In this day, physical and mental condition of Monir Hossen was
improved. But he was very much tensed about his leg surgery. Because he has
been having problems with his leg toes for some days. So, I tried my best to
counsel him.
4th interview: In this day, I saw mental condition of Monir Hossen was good
but physical condition was not good because his sugar level is so high and for
that he was not prepare for surgery. I gave some advice to follow Doctor's
5th interview: In this day, Monir Hossen’s physical and mental condition was
fine. He was almost well and his leg surgery was successful. I provided him
different kind of information related to his treatment. I advised him to follow
all necessary things to helping for Monir Hossen. At last, he thanked me for
helping.

72 | P a g e
❖ Listening: As an apprentice social worker I listen my client Monir
Hossen physical and mental problem and also social, financial and
family related problem with deep concentration.
simple language.
❖ Answering: When my client asks me any questions, I answer him with
logically.
❖ Home Visit: I reviewed the previous and present files of Monir Hossen
that was so helpful for knowing him.
❖ Economic condition: Monir Hossen family’s economic condition is

not so good. He is the only earning person of his family. His economic
status is given below-

❖ Social Condition: My client’s social status is good. He is totally devoid

of political impasse. And his neighbor behaves good with his family.
His social status is given below-
Education SSC
Resident Rural
Household Composition Semi-paka
Psycho-social Diagnosis: Client belongs to an insolvent family. But he and

his family have good relationship with neighbors, relatives and often visited
them. So, considering patient’s overall conditions, it can be said that his social
73 | P a g e
status was good. My patient was very upset and worried about his present
problems.

Such as Diagnosis-
• He is a middle-aged person and suffering from critical diseases;
• He is worried about his future;
very high; and
• He is the only earning member of his family. So, if he disabled it create
very much problem.
clinical diagnosis about Monir Hossen. Such as-
• Hopelessness;
• High sugar; and
• Physical illness (DM, HBS Ag+, Anti HCN);
• Frustration;
74 | P a g e
• Mental depression; and
Treatment
• Helping him to get medicine from the hospital social welfare
department;
• Free supplying of medicine and cloths;
• Providing correct information about disease and treatment; and
• Establishing regular communication and consoling.
reliable to her and collect information;
• Building professional relationship and become reliable to him and
collect information;
• Inspire him how to cope up with society;
• Inspire him to follow the guidebook and doctor’s suggestion regularly;
• Helping him to take medicine regularly; and
• Motivate him to freely talk with his wife and family member.

knowledge to solve Monir Hossen’s mental problem. He contacted with me
cordially. So, it was possible to look after his to come-round quickly. During
the case study week, I used to visit the client. Every day, I took the information
about my client’s physical and mental condition. I talked to my client’s wife,
relatives and especially with him. It was also possible within few days. I tried
to help him from myself with the help of my agency. So, they were grateful to
me for my assistance.
75 | P a g e
5.2.4 Case- 4
Hanif Molla is an old age person. He lives in Patuakhali with his family. He
is a farmer. He does not know about his diabetes. Now he is suffering from
pain in his leg. After some days he with his wife came to Dhaka and visited a
doctor. This doctor referred to BIRDEM Hospital. When I go in the 5 th floor,
I see an old age problematic patient and I accept him as my 4th case.
Patient’s Profile
Name Hanif Molla

Reference No 526652
Age 65 years
Sex Male
Father’s Name Abdul Kader Molla
Mother’s name Mourjan Bibi
Education Class-2
Profession Farmer (Dependent Now)
Address Patuakhali
Problem Diagnosis DM, HTN

Bed No 634
Ward No 63
Supervisory Doctor Dr. Presenjit Paul
76 | P a g e

1 Sufia Begum 58 Illiterate Housewife Wife
3 Refun Molla 30 Class-8 Day Labour Son
4 Shemol Molla 29 Class-10 Day Labour Son
5 Nazma Akter 28 Class-10 Housewife (Married) Daughter
6 Asma Akter 25 Class-10 Housewife (Married) Daughter
History of Illness
Hanif Molla is suffering from diabetes for 7 years. He faces some problems
that in his leg a small fork enters in his foot before few month ago. Gradually
his pain was increasing day by day. Then he meets nearby doctor. The doctor
referred him to BIRDEM. He came to BIRDEM and doctor said that his foot
has been infected. Then he consults here for the solution of his disease.
When I went to the free ward- 62 I saw that an old age person was in pain. I
take this case because Hanif Molla is-
• Very poor;
• screams in pain;
• The foot of his left leg has been infected; and
techniques;
Rapport buildup

77 | P a g e
➢ Acceptance: By giving full dignity and respect I accepted Hanif Molla.

I gave assurance to solve her problem. As a result, she also accepted the
giving importance.
problem by maintaining regular communication with Hanif Molla.
participation of Hanif Molla in every step of problem-solving process.
➢ Confidentiality: I assured Hanif Molla to hide his all information as a
result he believed me fully and he promised that he didn’t hide any
establishing rapport with Hanif Molla. I tried to solve his problem on
those needs. So, I tried to ensure Hanif Molla helps me to establish
rapport.
Psycho-social Study

apprentice social worker to know details information about Hanif Molla I
78 | P a g e
with Hanif Molla’s ward and follow some steps for fruitful interview-
During staying time of I maintained regular communication with Hanif Molla

in BIRDEM made for his 5 interviews of my working day.
1st interview: After receiving the case, first day I meet with Hanif Molla. I
mental stress.
2nd interview: In this day, I saw physical condition of Hanif Molla was not so
much improved and mental condition also. So, I helped to remove his mental
3rd interview: In this day, physical and mental condition of Hanif Molla was
improved. But he was very much tensed about his leg surgery. Because he has
been having problems with his leg toes for some days. So, I tried my best to
counsel him.
4th interview: In this day, I saw mental condition of Hanif Molla was good
but physical condition was not good because his sugar level is so high and for
that he was not prepare for surgery. I gave some advice to follow Doctor's
5th interview: In this day, Hanif Molla’s physical and mental condition was
fine. He was almost well and his leg surgery was successful. I provided him
all necessary things to helping for Hanif Molla. At last, he thanked me for
helping.
79 | P a g e
❖ Listening: As an apprentice social worker I listen my client Hanif

Molla physical and mental problem and also social, financial and family
related problem with deep concentration.
simple language.
logically.
❖ Home Visit: I reviewed the previous and present files of Hanif Molla
❖ Economic condition: Hanif Molla family’s economic condition is not

so good. He is the only earning person of his family. His economic

Education SSC
Resident Rural
80 | P a g e
Client belongs to an insolvent family. But he and his family have good
patient’s overall conditions, it can be said that his social status was good. My

Such as Diagnosis-
• He is an old age person and suffering from critical diseases;
very high; and
clinical diagnosis about Hanif Molla. Such as-
• Hopelessness;
• High sugar; and
• Physical illness (DM, Cataract B/E);
• Frustration;
81 | P a g e
Treatment
department;
• Establishing regular communication and counseling.

knowledge to solve Hanif Molla’s mental problem. He contacted with me
cordially. So, it was possible to look after his to come-round quickly. During
the case study week, I used to visit the client. Every day, I took the information
about my client’s physical and mental condition. I talked to my client’s wife,
relatives and especially with him. It was also possible within few days. I tried
to help him from myself with the help of my agency. So, they were grateful to
me for my assistance.
82 | P a g e
5.2.5 Case- 5
Abdul Hannan is a middle age person. He lives in Mirpur with his family. He
is a security guard of BIHS hospital. Now he is suffering from pain in his chest
and liver problem. When I go in the 10th floor ward no 113, I see a middle age
problematic patient his whole-body intumescence and I accept him as my 5th
case.
Patient’s Profile
Name Abdul Hannan

Reference No 564570
Age 41 years
Sex Male
Father’s Name Joshim Uddin
Mother’s name Khodeza Khatun
Education HSC
Profession Security guard
Address Dhaka
Problem Diagnosis DM, Portal HTN, CLD, HBS Ag+,

Bed No 1138
Ward No 113
Supervisory Doctor Dr. Indrajit
83 | P a g e

1 Mahmuda Begum 35 Signature Housewife Wife
3 Minhaz 06 Baby Day Labour Son
4 Mim 03 - Day Labour Daughter
History of Illness
Abdul Hannan is suffering from diabetes for 2.5 years. He faces some
problems that in his chest, liver and his whole-body intumescence. Then he
meets nearby doctor. The doctor referred him to BIRDEM. He came to
BIRDEM and doctor said that he has been suffering from serious problem like
Portal HTN, CLD, HBS Ag+ etc. Then he consults here for the solution of his
disease.
When I went to the free ward- 113 I saw that a middle age person was in pain.
I take this case because Abdul Hannan is-
• A middle-aged man and very poor;

• His whole-body intumescence;
• Able to give me information about new disease; and
techniques.
Rapport buildup

84 | P a g e
➢ Acceptance: By giving full dignity and respect I accepted Abdul
Hannan. I gave assurance to solve her problem. As a result, she also
accepted the giving importance.
problem by maintaining regular communication with Abdul Hannan.
participation of Abdul Hannan in every step of problem-solving
process.
➢ Confidentiality: I assured Abdul Hannan to hide his all information as
a result he believed me fully and he promised that he didn’t hide any
establishing rapport with Abdul Hannan. I tried to solve his problem on
those needs. So, I tried to ensure Abdul Hannan helps me to establish
rapport.
Psycho-social Study

apprentice social worker to know details information about Abdul Hannan I

with Abdul Hannan’s ward and follow some steps for fruitful interview-
85 | P a g e
During staying time of I maintained regular communication with Abdul
Hannan in BIRDEM made for his 5 interviews of my working day.
1st interview: After receiving the case, first day I meet with Abdul Hannan. I
mental stress.
2nd interview: Second day I saw physical condition of Abdul Hannan was not
improved. He is feeling so pain and her body is swelling too. And I tried to
give him courage.
3rd interview: 3rd day I wanted to know about his background and observed
him. I wanted to know about if he got proper treatment or if he felts any
problem. Then I observe that he got all service properly.
4th interview: In this day, I saw mental condition of Abdul Hannan was good
but physical condition was not good. I gave some advice to follow doctor's
5th interview: In this day, Abdul Hannan’s physical and mental condition was
fine. He was almost well and his body swelling was decreased. I provided him
all necessary things to helping for Abdul Hannan. At last, he thanked me for
helping.

❖ Listening: As an apprentice social worker I listen my client Abdul

Hannan physical and mental problem and also social, financial and
family related problem with deep concentration.
86 | P a g e
simple language.
logically.
❖ Home Visit: I reviewed the previous and present files of Abdul Hannan
❖ Economic condition: Abdul Hannan family’s economic condition is

not so good. He is the only earning person of his family. His economic

Monthly Income 20,000

Education SSC
Resident Rural
Client belongs to an insolvent family. But he and his family have good
patient’s overall conditions, it can be said that his social status was good. My
87 | P a g e
doctor, he told me the whole problems and I noted down that problems.
Such as Diagnosis-
• He is a middle age person and suffering from critical diseases;
very high; and
clinical diagnosis about Abdul Hannan. Such as-
• Hopelessness;
• High sugar; and
• Physical illness (DM, Cataract B/E);
• Frustration;
Treatment
88 | P a g e
department;
• Establishing regular communication and counseling.
I am an apprentice social worker basically, I tried to apply my class room

knowledge to solve Abdul Hannan’s mental problem. He contacted with me
cordially. So, it was possible to look after him to come round quickly. It was
also possible within few days. I tried to help him with the help of my agency
as such as possible. So, they were grateful to me for my assistance.
89 | P a g e
Chapter Six
Evaluations, Recommendations and Conclusions
6.1 My Experiences as an Intern Social Worker
6.2 Applied Social Work Knowledge, Skills and Methods in Field Practicum
6.3 Strengths and Weaknesses
6.4 Recommendations
6.5 Conclusions
90 | P a g e
Chapter Six
Evaluations, Recommendations and Conclusions
6.1 My Experiences as an Intern Social Worker

I worked a short period of sixty working days in BIRDEM General Hospital
as an intern social worker and gathered many experiences from it. Social work
is a practice-based profession. So, a social worker has to acquire knowledge
from real world on subjects like the nature of human behaviors, social relation,
cultural values, environments etc. Field work is a place where a student of
social work can apply his class room knowledge in practically. Only field
work practice helps to create relationship between theoretical knowledge and
practical knowledge. This short period of time sixty (60) working days I
worked under Md. Kazi Rashedul Haque BIRDEM General Hospital.
Md. Shahidul Haque is my Institute supervisor and Md. Kazi Rashedul Haque
is Hospital supervisor in the Social Welfare Department, BIRDEM General
Hospital as my agency. I learned and obtained lot of experiences and
developed my skill in certain fields of social work. Only the theory inside the
classroom or in library cannot provide the worker this type of knowledge. It
requires practical experience besides the theory to perform his duty perfectly.
I used my theoretical knowledge and gathered the following experiences:
➢ I observe that various types of patients come to BIRDEM General Hospital
from many place round the country, talking to them, I gathered experience
on their social status, acceptance, beliefs, power, rights, duties, ideas,
values, ethics, language, culture, lifestyle, religion, family, conception
about others, prejudice, roams, philosophy, accountability etc.;
➢ Before my field work practice, I had misconception on hospital social
service. Now I came to know the necessity of hospital social service and
field work practice;
91 | P a g e
➢ By consulting with doctors and dealing with patients, I came to know the
names of many diseases (specially Diabetes) their characteristics, the way
of prevention and cure or getting relief etc.;
➢ I got an excellent opportunity of providing flawless service to the clients
not deviating from the code of ethics of social welfare in any complicate
and emotional moments;
➢ Rapport build up is an important part in social work. In the field work
practice at BIRDEM gained necessary knowledge on the methods of
rapport building and how to develop it;
➢ Social work believes in individual confidentiality, I used this principle and
grows the confidence in the mind of my client and has found out various
sensitive information regarding their disease;
➢ I have acquired the mentality to face any adverse situation when I deal with
the client;
➢ I came to know how to take a compete interview of clients and gained
practical knowledge on the techniques, terms and conditions of an
interview. I realized the importance of the principle of acceptance;
➢ I learnt the way of specifying the aims and objectives of institutions or
agency, how to achieve these during my field work practice;
➢ I have acquired knowledge on every side of a proper planning from
formulation to implementation;
➢ I have got practical experience on conducting follow- up for knowing the
matters like the development of patient’s condition, their demands and
needs etc.; and
➢ I got the opportunity to develop intricacy with people of every level of the
society by serving them. I could realize especially the real picture of
majority of the people of how much they are poor ignorant, illiterates,
helpless and disdained.
92 | P a g e
6.2 Applied Social Work Knowledge, Skills and Methods in
Field Practicum
I have tried to do all my assigned duties during the field practicum. I have
handled the cases with the help of the basic methods of social work, social
work helping process that means psycho-social study, diagnosis, treatment
and follow-up. Beside these I have practiced the basic and auxiliary methods
of social work.
The total methods, principles and techniques I have practiced from the
beginning to the end in my field work practicum are in the following-
➢ Social case work: Economic, social and psychological factors of

individuals-in-problem is the core attention of social case work as a method
of professional social case work.
➢ Principles of case work: As an intern social worker I have used principles
of social case work in the problem-solving process.
❖ Acceptance
❖ Communication
❖ Participation
❖ Confidentiality
❖ Individuality
❖ Self-confidentiality
• I used the Principles of Acceptance in the level of first impression with the
client every time. I tried to welcome them with a smile and friendly
behavior;
• By using the Principle of Communication, I was able to communicate with
the client and I gave them chance to Communicate with me, so that their
problems could come out with a bloom;
• I encourage the client to participate in their problem-solving process, and
ensure their decisions in their problem-solving process;
93 | P a g e
• By ensuring them that their personal information is completely safe and
remain untold and will only be used in the departmental use, I had to use
the principle of confidentiality; and
• I used the Principle individualization to recognize and understand the
unique qualities of each clients toward a better adjustment.
Techniques used in Psycho-social study of Social Case Work
❖ Observation
❖ Listening
❖ Questioning
❖ Answering
❖ Home visit
Social Welfare Administration: Actually, social welfare administration is a

process of transforming social policy into social services, involving the
concomitant use of experience to modify policy or method.
Techniques used in Social Welfare Administration
❖ Communication
❖ Collaboration
❖ Co-ordination
❖ Co-operation
6.3 Strengths and Weaknesses

6.3.1 Strengths and Weaknesses of Field Practicum Agency
I am a student of social work in Jagannath University. I come to BIRDEM

General Hospital for my field work practice. It is completely new experience
for me. I faced some problem during my work.
94 | P a g e
Strengths of Field Practicum Agency
❖ Here I get opportunity to apply the values and ethics of the profession and
to develop the capacity to work constructively with the value dilemmas,
conflicts, and ambiguities inherent in the practice of social work.
❖ I get scope to test the social work methods, principle, values, and ethics.
❖ I also get opportunity to work with other professional and voluntary
workers.
❖ Field work is the greatest strategy to evaluate the social work.
❖ I get scope of growing awareness of self with clients, staff and larger
systems in relation to practice.
❖ I work under administrative and organizational structure and learn how an
office is governed and what kind of routine needs to be established.
❖ I get the chance to develop the ability to work collaboratively with other
professional as a professional social worker.
❖ I get the scope to develop and demonstrate the skills of critical thinking
through social history of patients.
❖ I get the clear concept about human behavior, attitude, values etc.
Weaknesses of Field Practicum Agency
The doctors and other hospital stuffs are not introduced with the working style
of a social worker. Here is lack of scope. Several time we faced that the doctor
visit the rooms or the on-duty doctors are not co-operating with us or feel
disturb by us.
❖ I have failed to build up rapport in some cases because of having ignorance,

illiteracy and fear about treatment process.
❖ My limitation goes on maintaining the principle of confidentiality as
interviews were taken in front of other.
❖ I could not ensure sustainable material help to my client.
❖ Sometimes I had complication in contacting with doctors and nurses.
95 | P a g e
❖ The working environment of the social welfare department is noisy and
caucus.
❖ Sometimes client’s express indifference in giving information.
❖ Sometime we don’t fulfill the patients’ expectations. The patient’s
expectation is not in our control then we need to handle the patient
diplomatically.
❖ Here are lack of knowledge and scope of counseling. Sometimes the
doctors and nurses felt disturbed and they thought we are against of their
treatment.
❖ Sometimes we faced lack of actual knowledge about the management of
psychiatric patient. They don’t like share the actual information about the
psychological problem.
6.3.2 Strengths and Weaknesses of Department of Social Work of JNU
Strengths of Department of Social Work of JNU
By the scope of Field Practicum, Students of Social Work are getting many
facilities. Now the strengths of Department of Social Work of JNU given
below:
❖ Students can learn to apply social work methods in the solution of given
individual ground or community problems.
❖ The students are getting scope to develop facility in the use of
organizational structure, particularly the committee.
❖ The students are achieving self-awareness and disciplined use of self as a
helper and group situations.
❖ The students can learn the organizational framework of services.
❖ The student becomes familiar with administrative procedures and
processes.
❖ The student can acquire knowledge regarding community structure and
procures.
96 | P a g e
❖ The student can acquire significant substantive knowledge in the specific
field of practice characterized by the agency in which he/ she is placed.
❖ The student can acquire competence in recording and reporting (process
records minutes, monthly reports, administrative correspondence, etc.).
❖ The student can acquire and try out a variety of social work methods, skills
and techniques,
❖ Field work helps the students to realize the theory, methods and principles
of social work in practice which facilitates them to develop professional
self.
Weaknesses of Department of Social Work of JNU
There I can’t see any such serious weaknesses of Department of Social Work
of JnU. But if -
❖ There is a scope of a joint orientation program of Institute Supervisor and

Agency Supervisor, it will be great for the apprentice social worker.
❖ And if apprentice social worker gets chance to choose the agency for field
practicum by own, then student can do great job in the field practicum.
97 | P a g e
6.4 Recommendations
Recommendations to Department of Social Work of JNU
➢ Organize a joint orientation program of Institute Supervisor and Agency

Supervisor.
➢ Create a scope that students can choice the agency by own.
Recommendations to Department of Social Welfare of BIRDEM
There are some following steps to combat the existing barriers and to make
more the programs.
Every day, I took the information about my client’s physical and mental
condition. And I helped him as an apprentice social worker, as much as
possible with the help of my agency.
➢ The doctors, nurses, and authority BIRDEM General Hospital should

be more heart-felt and cooperative.
➢ More discipline should be maintained at the time of medicine
distribution.
➢ Emphasis should be given on the publicity about diabetes at the root
level.
➢ At the district and thana levels, the structures of the sub-departments of
BIRDEM should be established that will lessen the pressure on
BIRDEM beside the patients.
➢ Beside case work, group work and community work can be practiced.
➢ Rehabilitation programs can be extended to rehabilitate the poor and
destitute, helpless patients.
➢ More skilled manpower should be involved to fertilize the services.
➢ Hospital social work should be included in the medical syllabus.
➢ Conference needs to be effective to enhance students’ skill in problem
solving and being professional social workers.
98 | P a g e
6.5 Conclusions
Social work is a profession that works for betterment of society. It discusses
not only theoretically but also practically or professionally. Social work
practice and theories work alongside each other and are inseparable and
neither does one dominant other. It is a successful application of theoretical
knowledge highly depends on field work practice. Social workers have to
study the scientific principles of human behavior and the structure and
organization of social institutions. They have to develop, on their own,
knowledge and skill in working with people under specific social, economic,
and emotional conditions. During my field work I have worked social services
officer, doctor, nurses and with some cases. I have gathered a lot of valuable
and precious experience and knowledge from them. In some cases, I have
achieved success and sometimes failed due to some problems related my
limitation and the fault of agency. I am apologizing for my unintentional
mistakes and limitation. I tried with my best effort to do my duties and take
my responsibilities properly. Finally, I pray and bless that the social welfare
department, BIRDEM General Hospital may be live long and all activities
would be more effective and progress and development oriented for the
diabetes to run a general and joyful life on the basis of these improvement
social work must get the professional recognition in the upcoming future.
99 | P a g e
References
Akbar, Dr. Md. Ali, 1965, Elements of Social Welfare, Khan Art Press, Dhaka.
Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation for Diabetes, Endocrine
and Metabolic Disorder (BIRDEM), Social Welfare Department.
Barker, R. L. (1995), The Social Work Dictionary, 3rd edition, (Washington
D.C., NASW press)
Barker, Robert, L., (ed.), 1995, The Social Work Dictionary, Washington
D.C., NASW Press.
Birdem.org 2014 BIRDEM Official Website Retrieved from www.birdem-
bd.org
Clarkson, Elizabeth M.R., 1974, Medical Social Work, Visiting Professor of
Social Work, University of Rajshahi.
Diabetic Association of Bangladesh- https://www.dabbd.org
Fieldwork Definition of Fieldwork by Merriam https://www.merriamwebster.
com/dictionary/fieldwork3
Freidlander, 1997, Introduction to Social Welfare, Prentice Hall, Englewood
Cliffs: New Jersey.
Husna Ara, 1994, An Introduction to Hospital Social Work Program,
Department of Social Services, GOB.
Hossain, Ismail, 2005, Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences 3(3): 503-509,
Grace Publication.
Islam, M.N. and Ahmed, M., 2008, Fieldwork Practice in Medical Setting: An
analysis in Bangladesh Context.
Islam, Md. Nurul and Ahmed, Mostafiz, Field Work Practice in Medical
setting: An analysis in Bangladesh context, December, 2008, The
Journal of Social Development. Vol-20, No-1
Momen, M. A., 1970, Field Work Manual, Institute of Social Welfare and
Research, University of Dhaka.
National Association of Social worker, 1997, Encyclopedia of Social Work,
NASW Press, Washington, DC.
Roshan, Dartur, 1974, Quarter Century of medical Social Welfare; Legend
and Legacy, Silver Jubilee Commemoration volume of Indian Council
of Social Welfare, Bombay Popular Prokashan.
R. R. Singh, 1984, Field Work in Social Work Education: A Prospective for
Human Service Profession.
The Daily Bd-Protidin, The Daily Jugantor, The Daily Star.
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Appendixes
Figure: BIRDEM General Hospital
Figure: BIRDEM General Hospital-2
Figure: Insulin
101 | P a g e
Figure: Pancreas
Figure: DIabetes and Its Complications
102 | P a g e

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Field Practicum report

Social Welfare Department

Course Code: BSW-4204

Department of Social Work

Course Code: BSW-4204

Department of Social Work

Institute Supervisor Agency Supervisor

Md. Shahidul Haque Kazi Rashedul Haque

BIRDEM General Hospital

Md. Shahidul Islam

Department of Social Work

Md. Shahidul islam

First of all, indebtedness to my honorable chairman professor Dr. Md. Anwar

Then I would like to thanks to my internal supervisor Md. Shahidul Haque,

I would like to express my heartiest gratitude to the staffs of different sectors

Finally, my gratitude goes to all staffs of the agency, my institute and my

Md. Shahidul islam

As a student of Department of Social Work, Jagannath University, I have been

BADAS- Bangladesh Diabetic Somiti.

BIRDEM- Bangladesh Institute for Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes,

BSW- Bachelor in Social Work.

CSWE- Council on Social Work Education.

DAB- Diabetic Association of Bangladesh.

EASSW- European Association of Schools of Social Work.

IASSW- International Association of Schools of Social Work.

IFSW- International Federation of Social Workers.

ISWD- International Social Work in Development.

JNU- Jagannath University.

NASW- National Association of Social Workers.

SWE- Social Work Education.

WHO- World Health Organization.

1.2 Concept of Social Work

1.3 Historical Development of Field Practicum in Social Work Education

1.4 Concept of Field Practicum

1.5 Aims and Objectives of Field Practicum

1.6 Importance of Field Practicum

1.7 Concept of Medical Social Work

Field Practicum offers experiential assessment and evaluation of students’

Though the definition of social work seems to be a contested terrain, the

1.2 Concept of Social Work

According to W.W. Boehm “Social work seeks to enhance the social

Figure: Social Work Education

Social work is a helping profession which fundamentally and radically aims

1.2.1 Characteristics of Social Work

• Social Work is a commitment of social betterment.

1.2.2 Aims and Objectives of Social Work

• To promote effective and human service system

The profession of social work places emphasis on cooperation through mutual

1.3 Historical Development of Field Practicum in Social Work

At the 1915 National Conference of Charities and Corrections, presenters

Early in social work education, a pattern was established whereby students

When social work programs were housed in other disciplines, academically

1.4 Concept of Field Practicum

Field practicum is an integral part of social work. It offers the students of

According to M.A. Momen (1970): “Field work program is designed to help

In the words of R.R. Sing: “Field work is an educationally sponsored

In the words of W.A. Friedlander (1963): “Field work is designed to integrate